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350 relations: Acetaldehyde, Acid rain, Adiabatic flame temperature, Air filter, Air pollution, Air-cooled engine, Air-start system, Air–fuel ratio, Aircraft, Aircraft engine, Airliner, Alloy, Alternator (automotive), Aluminium, Angular velocity, Atkinson cycle, Autogas, Auxiliary power unit, Aviation fuel, Étienne Lenoir, Back pressure, Ball bearing, Beare-head engine, Belgians, Benzene, Biodiesel, Biofuel, Biogas, Black Arrow, Block heater, Boiler, Bolt (fastener), Bore (engine), Brake specific fuel consumption, British English, Butanol fuel, Camshaft, Capacitor discharge ignition, Car, Carbon, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Carburetor, Carnot cycle, Cast iron, Catalytic converter, Ceramic, Chainsaw, Charles F. Kettering, Chemical energy, ..., Claude Niépce, Clean Air Act (United States), Coal, Combined cycle, Combustion, Combustion chamber, Combustor, Component parts of internal combustion engines, Compressed natural gas, Compression ratio, Compressor, Connecting rod, Crankcase ventilation system, Crankpin, Crankshaft, Criteria air pollutants, Crude oil engine, Cummins B Series engine, Cylinder (engine), Cylinder block, Cylinder head, Deglazing (engine mechanics), Density of air, Desmodromic valve, Diesel engine, Diesel fuel, Diesel generator, Dieselisation, Dimethyl ether, Direct borohydride fuel cell, DKW RT 125, Drag (physics), Dry sump, Dual ignition, Dugald Clerk, Dynamometer, Eisenhuth Horseless Vehicle Company, Electric locomotive, Electric motor, Electric spark, Electric vehicle, Electrical grid, Electricity generation, EMD SD90MAC, Energy, Energy crisis, Engine balance, Engine configuration, Engine control unit, Engine test stand, Engineer, Ethanol, Ethanol fuel, Eugenio Barsanti, Europe, Exhaust gas, Exhaust gas recirculation, Exhaust manifold, Exhaust system, External combustion engine, Felice Matteucci, Fischer–Tropsch process, Flat engine, Flexible-fuel vehicle, Force, Formaldehyde, Formula One engines, Fossil fuel, Four-stroke engine, François Isaac de Rivaz, France, Friction, Fuel, Fuel cell, Fuel economy in automobiles, Fuel efficiency, Fuel injection, Fuel oil, Gas engine, Gas turbine, Gasoline, Gasoline direct injection, GE AC6000CW, George Brayton, Glowplug, Gottlieb Daimler, Gudgeon pin, Gun, H engine, Head gasket, Heat, Heat engine, Heat pump, Heinkel He 178, Helicopter, Homogeneous charge compression ignition, Horsepower, Hybrid vehicle, Hydrocarbon, Hydrogen, Hydrogen economy, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen vehicle, Ideal gas law, Ignition magneto, Ignition system, Ilmor, Impulse (physics), Indirect injection, Induction coil, Injector, Inlet manifold, Intermittency, Irreversible process, Jet aircraft, Jet engine, Jet engine performance, Jet fuel, Jet Ski, John Barber (engineer), John Stevens (inventor, born 1749), Joseph Day (inventor), Junkers Jumo 205, Karl Benz, Laser ignition, Latin, Lawn mower, Lead–acid battery, Leaf blower, Liquefied petroleum gas, Liquid fuel, Liquid hydrogen, Liquid oxygen, List of Statutory Instruments of the United Kingdom, 2002, Locomotive, Lubrication, Machine (mechanical), Magnesium injection cycle, Main bearing, Marine propulsion, Mazda RX-7, Mazda RX-8, Mechanical energy, Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet, Metal, Methanol, Methanol fuel, Miller cycle, Model engine, Moped, Motor oil, Motorcycle, Muffler, Multi-valve, Napier Deltic, National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, Natural gas, Naturally aspirated engine, Nicéphore Niépce, Nikolaus Otto, Nitrogen, Nitrogen oxide, Nitromethane, Nitrous oxide, Noise pollution, Non-road engine, North American English, Octane rating, Oil cooling, Oil filter, Old French, Operating temperature, Opposed-piston engine, Otto cycle, Otto engine, Outboard motor, Overall pressure ratio, Overhead valve engine, Oxford, Oxford City Council, Oxidizing agent, Oxygen, Ozone, Ozone layer, Partially premixed combustion, Particulates, Peanut oil, Petrol engine, Petroleum, Photography, Piston, Piston ring, Pistonless rotary engine, Poppet valve, Power (physics), Power band, Power-to-weight ratio, Powered aircraft, Pressure, Pressure washing, Pressurized water reactor, Propane, Propelling nozzle, Pump, Pyréolophore, Radial engine, Rail transport, Ramjet, Reciprocating engine, Recoil start, Reed valve, Regenerative cooling (rocket), Renewable fuels, Robert H. Goddard, Rocker arm, Rocket engine, Roots-type supercharger, Rudolf Diesel, Saône, Samuel Brown (engineer), Schnuerle porting, Scientist, Scuderi engine, Ship, Siege engine, Single-cylinder engine, Six-stroke engine, Small engine, Snowmobile, Sodium borohydride, Soot, Soybean, Spacecraft, Spark plug, Spark-ignition engine, Specific impulse, Split cycle engine, Starter (engine), Steam engine, Steam turbine, Stirling engine, Stoichiometry, Straight engine, Straight-twin engine, String trimmer, Stroke (engine), Sulfur, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfur monoxide, Sump, Supercharger, Switzerland, Temperature, Tetraethyllead, Thermal efficiency, Thermal energy, Thermodynamic cycle, Thermodynamic limit, Thermodynamics, Threaded rod, Thrust specific fuel consumption, Thrust-to-weight ratio, Torpedo, Total-loss oiling system, Tractor vaporising oil, Transformer, Triglyceride, Turbine, Turbine blade, Turbocharger, Turbofan, Turbojet, Turboprop, Turboshaft, Two-stroke engine, Two-stroke oil, Type 93 torpedo, U engine, Unmanned aerial vehicle, V engine, Variable compression ratio, Variable displacement, Vegetable oil fuel, Vehicle, Vehicle emissions control, Volatile organic compound, W engine, Wankel engine, Water jacket, Watt, Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C, Wet sump, Wilhelm Maybach, Wood, Wood gas, Wood gas generator, Work (physics), Working fluid, X engine, 1,3-Butadiene. Expand index (300 more) »
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde (systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated by chemists as MeCHO (Me.
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Acid rain
Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH).
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Adiabatic flame temperature
In the study of combustion, there are two types of adiabatic flame temperature depending on how the process is completed, constant volume and constant pressure, describing the temperature that the combustion products theoretically reach if no energy is lost to the outside environment.
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Air filter
A particulate air filter is a device composed of fibrous or porous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air.
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Air pollution
Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.
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Air-cooled engine
Air-cooled engines rely on the circulation of air directly over hot parts of the engine to cool them.
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Air-start system
An air-start system is a power source used to provide the initial rotation to start large diesel and gas turbine engines.
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Air–fuel ratio
Air–fuel ratio (AFR) is the mass ratio of air to a solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel present in a combustion process.
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Aircraft
An aircraft is a machine that is able to fly by gaining support from the air.
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Aircraft engine
An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power.
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Airliner
An airliner is a type of aircraft for transporting passengers and air cargo.
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Alloy
An alloy is a combination of metals or of a metal and another element.
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Alternator (automotive)
Alternators are used in modern automobiles to charge the battery and to power the electrical system when its engine is running.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Angular velocity
In physics, the angular velocity of a particle is the rate at which it rotates around a chosen center point: that is, the time rate of change of its angular displacement relative to the origin.
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Atkinson cycle
The Atkinson-cycle engine is a type of internal combustion engine invented by James Atkinson in 1882.
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Autogas
Autogas is the common name for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) when it is used as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles as well as in stationary applications such as generators.
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Auxiliary power unit
An auxiliary power unit (APU) is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion.
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Aviation fuel
Aviation fuel is a specialized type of petroleum-based fuel used to power aircraft.
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Étienne Lenoir
Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir also known as Jean J. Lenoir (12 January 1822 – 4 August 1900) was a Belgian engineer who developed the internal combustion engine in 1858.
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Back pressure
Backpressure refers to pressure opposed to the desired flow of gases in confined places such as a pipe.
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Ball bearing
A ball bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races.
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Beare-head engine
The Beare-head engine internal combustion engine technology combines a four-stroke engine bottom end with a ported cylinder head closely resembling that of a two-stroke engine.
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Belgians
Belgians (Belgen, Belges, Belgier) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe.
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Benzene
Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.
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Biodiesel
Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) esters.
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Biofuel
A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter.
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Biogas
Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.
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Black Arrow
Black Arrow, officially capitalised BLACK ARROW, was a British satellite carrier rocket.
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Block heater
A block heater warms an engine to increase the chances that the engine will start as well as warm up the vehicle faster than it normally would in extremely cold weather.
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Boiler
A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated.
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Bolt (fastener)
A bolt is a form of threaded fastener with an external male thread.
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Bore (engine)
The bore or cylinder bore is a part of a piston engine.
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Brake specific fuel consumption
Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is a measure of the fuel efficiency of any prime mover that burns fuel and produces rotational, or shaft power.
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British English
British English is the standard dialect of English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom.
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Butanol fuel
Butanol may be used as a fuel in an internal combustion engine.
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Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft to which a cam is fastened or of which a cam forms an integral part.
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Capacitor discharge ignition
Capacitor discharge ignition (CDI) or thyristor ignition is a type of automotive electronic ignition system which is widely used in outboard motors, motorcycles, lawn mowers, chainsaws, small engines, turbine-powered aircraft, and some cars.
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Car
A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.
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Carburetor
A carburetor (American English) or carburettor (British English; see spelling differences) is a device that mixes air and fuel for internal combustion engines in the proper ratio for combustion.
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Carnot cycle
The Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle proposed by French physicist Sadi Carnot in 1824 and expanded upon by others in the 1830s and 1840s.
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Cast iron
Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.
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Catalytic converter
A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction (an oxidation and a reduction reaction).
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Ceramic
A ceramic is a non-metallic solid material comprising an inorganic compound of metal, non-metal or metalloid atoms primarily held in ionic and covalent bonds.
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Chainsaw
A chainsaw is a portable, mechanical saw which cuts with a set of teeth attached to a rotating chain that runs along a guide bar.
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Charles F. Kettering
Charles Franklin Kettering (August 29, 1876 – November 25, 1958) sometimes known as Charles "Boss" Kettering was an American inventor, engineer, businessman, and the holder of 186 patents.
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Chemical energy
In chemistry, chemical energy is the potential of a chemical substance to undergo a transformation through a chemical reaction to transform other chemical substances.
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Claude Niépce
Claude Félix Abel Niépce (born 1763 probably at Chalon-sur-Saône, France – died 1828 Kew, England) was a French inventor and the older brother of the more celebrated Nicéphore Niépce.
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Clean Air Act (United States)
The Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C.) is a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level.
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Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
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Combined cycle
In electric power generation a combined cycle is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy, which in turn usually drives electrical generators.
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Combustion
Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
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Combustion chamber
A combustion chamber is that part of an internal combustion engine (ICE) in which the fuel/air mix is burned.
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Combustor
A combustor is a component or area of a gas turbine, ramjet, or scramjet engine where combustion takes place.
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Component parts of internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines come in a wide variety of types, but have certain family resemblances, and thus share many common types of components.
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Compressed natural gas
Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline (petrol), Diesel fuel and propane/LPG.
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Compression ratio
The static compression ratio of an internal combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion chamber from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity.
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Compressor
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.
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Connecting rod
A connecting rod is a shaft which connects a piston to a crank or crankshaft in a reciprocating engine.
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Crankcase ventilation system
A crankcase ventilation system (CVS) is a one way passage for the blow-by gases to escape in a controlled manner from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine.
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Crankpin
A crankpin or crank journal is a journal in an engine or mechanical device.
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Crankshaft
A crankshaft—related to crank—is a mechanical part able to perform a conversion between reciprocating motion and rotational motion.
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Criteria air pollutants
Criteria air Pollutants (CAP), or criteria pollutants, are a set of air pollutants that cause smog, acid rain, and other health hazards.
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Crude oil engine
The crude oil engine is a type of internal combustion engine similar to the hot bulb engine.
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Cummins B Series engine
The Cummins B Series is a family of American straight-four and straight-6 diesel piston engines that are manufactured by Cummins.
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Cylinder (engine)
A cylinder is the central working part of a reciprocating engine or pump, the space in which a piston travels.
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Cylinder block
The cylinder block is an integrated structure comprising the cylinder(s) of a reciprocating engine and often some or all of their associated surrounding structures (coolant passages, intake and exhaust passages and ports, and crankcase).
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Cylinder head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head (often informally abbreviated to just head) sits above the cylinders on top of the cylinder block.
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Deglazing (engine mechanics)
Deglazing is a process by which the surface of an engine cylinder is roughened to create friction between the moving parts and allow engine oil to grip the sides of the cylinder.
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Density of air
The density of air ρ (Greek: rho) (air density) is the mass per unit volume of Earth's atmosphere.
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Desmodromic valve
A desmodromic valve is a reciprocating engine poppet valve that is positively closed by a cam and leverage system, rather than by a more conventional spring.
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Diesel engine
The diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition or CI engine), named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel which is injected into the combustion chamber is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression (adiabatic compression).
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Diesel fuel
Diesel fuel in general is any liquid fuel used in diesel engines, whose fuel ignition takes place, without any spark, as a result of compression of the inlet air mixture and then injection of fuel.
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Diesel generator
A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine with an electric generator (often an alternator) to generate electrical energy.
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Dieselisation
Dieselisation or dieselization is a term generally used for the increasingly common use of diesel fuel in vehicles, or known to be said "Rise of diesel power" as opposed to gasoline or steam engines.
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Dimethyl ether
Dimethyl ether (DME), also known as methoxymethane, is the organic compound with the formula CH3OCH3, simplified to C2H6O.
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Direct borohydride fuel cell
Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) are a subcategory of alkaline fuel cells which are directly fed by sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride as a fuel and either air/oxygen or hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant.
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DKW RT 125
The RT 125 was a German two-stroke motorcycle made by DKW in Zschopau in the 1930s, IFA and MZ in the 1950s and early 1960s, and DKW in Ingolstadt in the 1950s and 1960s.
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Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called air resistance, a type of friction, or fluid resistance, another type of friction or fluid friction) is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
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Dry sump
A dry-sump system is a method to manage the lubricating motor oil in four-stroke and large two-stroke piston driven internal combustion engines.
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Dual ignition
Dual Ignition is a system for spark-ignition engines, whereby critical ignition components, such as spark plugs and magnetos, are duplicated.
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Dugald Clerk
Sir Dugald Clerk (sometimes written as Dugald Clark) KBE, LLD FRS (1854, Glasgow – 1932, Ewhurst, Surrey) was a Scottish engineer who designed the world's first successful two-stroke engine in 1878 and patented it in England in 1881.
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Dynamometer
A dynamometer or "dyno" for short, is a device for measuring force, torque, or power.
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Eisenhuth Horseless Vehicle Company
Eisenhuth Horseless Vehicle Company was a manufacturer of Brass Age automobiles who were originally based in New York City.
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Electric locomotive
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor.
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Electric motor
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
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Electric spark
An electric spark is an abrupt electrical discharge that occurs when a sufficiently high electric field creates an ionized, electrically conductive channel through a normally-insulating medium, often air or other gases or gas mixtures.
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Electric vehicle
An electric vehicle, also called an EV, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion.
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Electrical grid
An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers.
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Electricity generation
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy.
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EMD SD90MAC
The EMD SD90MAC is a C-C diesel-electric hood unit locomotive produced by General Motors Electro-Motive Division.
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Energy
In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.
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Energy crisis
An energy crisis is any significant bottleneck in the supply of energy resources to an economy.
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Engine balance
Engine balance refers to those factors in the design, production, engine tuning, maintenance and the operation of an engine that benefit from being balanced.
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Engine configuration
Engine configuration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
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Engine control unit
An engine control unit (ECU), also commonly called an engine control module (ECM), is a type of electronic control unit that controls a series of actuators on an internal combustion engine to ensure optimal engine performance.
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Engine test stand
An engine test stand is a facility used to develop, characterize and test engines.
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Engineer
Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are people who invent, design, analyze, build, and test machines, systems, structures and materials to fulfill objectives and requirements while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.
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Ethanol
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula.
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Ethanol fuel
Ethanol fuel is ethyl alcohol, the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, used as fuel.
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Eugenio Barsanti
Father Eugenio Barsanti (12 October 1821 – 19 April 1864), also named Nicolò, was an Italian engineer, who together with Felice Matteucci of Florence invented the first version of the internal combustion engine in 1853.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Exhaust gas
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline, petrol, biodiesel blends, diesel fuel, fuel oil, or coal.
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Exhaust gas recirculation
In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline and diesel engines.
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Exhaust manifold
In automotive engineering, an exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe.
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Exhaust system
An exhaust system is usually piping used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove.
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External combustion engine
An external combustion engine (EC engine) is a heat engine where a working fluid, contained internally, is heated by combustion in an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger.
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Felice Matteucci
Felice Matteucci (February 12, 1808 – September 13, 1887) was an Italian hydraulic engineer who co-invented an internal combustion engine with Eugenio Barsanti.
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Fischer–Tropsch process
The Fischer–Tropsch process is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons.
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Flat engine
A flat engine is an internal combustion engine with horizontally-opposed cylinders.
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Flexible-fuel vehicle
A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV) or dual-fuel vehicle (colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel vehicle with an internal combustion engine designed to run on more than one fuel, usually gasoline blended with either ethanol or methanol fuel, and both fuels are stored in the same common tank.
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Force
In physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.
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Formaldehyde
No description.
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Formula One engines
Since its inception in 1947, Formula One has used a variety of engine regulations.
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Fossil fuel
A fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.
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Four-stroke engine
A four-stroke (also four-cycle) engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crankshaft.
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François Isaac de Rivaz
François Isaac de Rivaz (Paris, December 19, 1752 – Sion, July 30, 1828) was an inventor and a politician.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Friction
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other.
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Fuel
A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as heat energy or to be used for work.
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Fuel cell
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.
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Fuel economy in automobiles
The fuel economy of an automobile is the relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.
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Fuel efficiency
Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio from effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work.
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Fuel injection
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector.
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Fuel oil
Fuel oil (also known as heavy oil, marine fuel or furnace oil) is a fraction obtained from petroleum distillation, either as a distillate or a residue.
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Gas engine
A gas engine is an internal combustion engine which runs on a gas fuel, such as coal gas, producer gas, biogas, landfill gas or natural gas.
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Gas turbine
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous combustion, internal combustion engine.
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Gasoline
Gasoline (American English), or petrol (British English), is a transparent, petroleum-derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
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Gasoline direct injection
In non-diesel internal combustion engines, gasoline direct injection (GDI), also known as petrol direct injection, direct petrol injection, spark-ignited direct injection (SIDI) and fuel-stratified injection (FSI), is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines.
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GE AC6000CW
The AC6000CW is a diesel electric locomotive built by GE Transportation.
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George Brayton
George Brayton (October 3, 1830 – December 17, 1892) was born in Rhode Island, son of William H. and Minerva (Bailey) Brayton.
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Glowplug
A glowplug (alternatively spelled as glow plug or glow-plug) is a heating device used to aid starting diesel engines.
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Gottlieb Daimler
Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (17 March 1834 – 6 March 1900) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist born in Schorndorf (Kingdom of Württemberg, a federal state of the German Confederation), in what is now Germany.
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Gudgeon pin
In internal combustion engines, the gudgeon pin (UK, wrist pin US) connects the piston to the connecting rod and provides a bearing for the connecting rod to pivot upon as the piston moves.
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Gun
A gun is a tubular ranged weapon typically designed to pneumatically discharge projectiles that are solid (most guns) but can also be liquid (as in water guns/cannons and projected water disruptors) or even charged particles (as in a plasma gun) and may be free-flying (as with bullets and artillery shells) or tethered (as with Taser guns, spearguns and harpoon guns).
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H engine
An H engine (or H-block) is an engine configuration in which the cylinders are aligned so that if viewed from the front, they appear to be in a vertical or horizontal letter H. An H engine can be viewed as two flat engines, one atop or beside the other.
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Head gasket
A head gasket is a gasket that sits between the engine block and cylinder head(s) in an internal combustion engine.
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Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is energy transferred from one system to another as a result of thermal interactions.
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Heat engine
In thermodynamics, a heat engine is a system that converts heat or thermal energy—and chemical energy—to mechanical energy, which can then be used to do mechanical work.
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Heat pump
A heat pump is a device that transfers heat energy from a source of heat to what is called a "heat sink".
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Heinkel He 178
The Heinkel He 178 was the world's first aircraft to fly under turbojet power, and the first practical jet aircraft.
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Helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by rotors.
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Homogeneous charge compression ignition
Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a form of internal combustion in which well-mixed fuel and oxidizer (typically air) are compressed to the point of auto-ignition.
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Horsepower
Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done).
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Hybrid vehicle
A hybrid vehicle uses two or more distinct types of power, such as internal combustion engine to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, e.g. in diesel-electric trains using diesel engines to drive an electric generator that powers an electric motor, and submarines that use diesels when surfaced and batteries when submerged.
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Hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydrogen economy
The hydrogen economy is a proposed system of delivering energy using hydrogen.
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Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.
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Hydrogen vehicle
A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power.
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Ideal gas law
The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas.
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Ignition magneto
An ignition magneto, or high tension magneto, is a magneto that provides current for the ignition system of a spark-ignition engine, such as a petrol engine.
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Ignition system
An ignition system generates a spark or heats an electrode to a high temperature to ignite a fuel-air mixture in spark ignition internal combustion engines oil-fired and gas-fired boilers, rocket engines, etc.
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Ilmor
Ilmor, founded by Mario Illien and Paul Morgan in November 1983, is a British independent high-performance autosport engineering company.
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Impulse (physics)
In classical mechanics, impulse (symbolized by J or Imp) is the integral of a force, F, over the time interval, t, for which it acts.
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Indirect injection
Indirect injection in an internal combustion engine is fuel injection where fuel is not directly injected into the combustion chamber.
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Induction coil
An induction coil or "spark coil" (archaically known as an inductorium or Ruhmkorff coil after Heinrich Ruhmkorff) is a type of electrical transformer used to produce high-voltage pulses from a low-voltage direct current (DC) supply.
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Injector
A steam injector is typically used to deliver cold water to a boiler against its own pressure using its own live or exhaust steam, replacing any mechanical pump.
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Inlet manifold
In automotive engineering, an inlet manifold or intake manifold (in American English) is the part of an engine that supplies the fuel/air mixture to the cylinders.
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Intermittency
In dynamical systems, intermittency is the irregular alternation of phases of apparently periodic and chaotic dynamics (Pomeau–Manneville dynamics), or different forms of chaotic dynamics (crisis-induced intermittency).
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Irreversible process
In science, a process that is not reversible is called irreversible.
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Jet aircraft
A jet aircraft (or simply jet) is an aircraft (nearly always a fixed-wing aircraft) propelled by jet engines (jet propulsion).
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Jet engine
A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet that generates thrust by jet propulsion.
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Jet engine performance
In fixed-wing aircraft driven by one or more jet engines, certain aspects of performance such as thrust relate directly to the safe operation of the aircraft whereas other aspects of the engine operation such as noise and engine emissions affect the environment.
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Jet fuel
Jet fuel, aviation turbine fuel (ATF), or avtur, is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines.
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Jet Ski
Jet Ski is the brand name of a personal water craft (PWC) manufactured by Kawasaki, a Japanese company.
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John Barber (engineer)
John Barber (1734–1793) was an English coal viewer and inventor.
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John Stevens (inventor, born 1749)
Col.
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Joseph Day (inventor)
Joseph Day (1855 in London – 1946) is a little-known English engineer who developed the extremely widely used crankcase-compression two-stroke petrol engine, as used for small engines from lawnmowers to mopeds and small motorcycles.
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Junkers Jumo 205
The Junkers Jumo 205 aircraft engine was the most famous of a series of aircraft Diesel engines that were the first, and for more than half a century the only successful aviation Diesel powerplants.
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Karl Benz
Karl Friedrich Benz (25 November 1844 – 4 April 1929) was a German engine designer and automobile engineer.
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Laser ignition
Laser ignition is an alternative method for igniting mixtures of fuel and oxidiser.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Lawn mower
A lawn mower (mower) is a machine utilizing one or more revolving blades to cut a grass surface to an even height.
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Lead–acid battery
The lead–acid battery was invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté and is the oldest type of rechargeable battery.
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Leaf blower
A leaf blower (often referred to as simply a blower) is a gardening tool that propels air out of a nozzle to move debris such as leaves and grass cuttings.
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Liquefied petroleum gas
Liquefied petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), also referred to as simply propane or butane, are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipment, and vehicles.
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Liquid fuel
Liquid fuels are combustible or energy-generating molecules that can be harnessed to create mechanical energy, usually producing kinetic energy; they also must take the shape of their container.
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Liquid hydrogen
Liquid hydrogen (LH2 or LH2) is the liquid state of the element hydrogen.
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Liquid oxygen
Liquid oxygen—abbreviated LOx, LOX or Lox in the aerospace, submarine and gas industries—is one of the physical forms of elemental oxygen.
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List of Statutory Instruments of the United Kingdom, 2002
This is an incomplete list of 1954 Statutory Instruments of the United Kingdom in 2002, out of a total of 1955.
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Locomotive
A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the motive power for a train.
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Lubrication
Lubrication is the process or technique of using a lubricant to reduce friction and/or wear in a contact between two surfaces.
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Machine (mechanical)
Machines employ power to achieve desired forces and movement (motion).
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Magnesium injection cycle
Magnesium Injection Cycle (MAGIC) is an engine design under development by Mitsubishi Corporation and the Tokyo Institute of Technology that uses magnesium and water to generate power.
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Main bearing
In a piston engine, the main bearings are the bearings on which the crankshaft rotates, usually plain or journal bearings.
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Marine propulsion
Marine propulsion is the mechanism or system used to generate thrust to move a ship or boat across water.
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Mazda RX-7
The Mazda RX-7 is a front-engine, rear-drive sports car manufactured and marketed by Mazda from 1978-2002 across three generations — all noted for using a compact, lightweight Wankel engine.
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Mazda RX-8
The Mazda RX-8 is a sports car manufactured by the Japanese automaker Mazda between 2002 and 2012.
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Mechanical energy
In physical sciences, mechanical energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy.
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Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet
The Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet was a German rocket-powered interceptor aircraft.
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Metal
A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard when in solid state, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.
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Methanol
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol among others, is a chemical with the formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated MeOH).
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Methanol fuel
Methanol is an alternative fuel for internal combustion and other engines, either in combination with gasoline or directly ("neat").
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Miller cycle
In engineering, the Miller cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used in a type of internal combustion engine.
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Model engine
In radio-controlled modeling, a model engine is an internal combustion engine used to power a radio-controlled aircraft, radio-controlled car or radio-controlled boat.
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Moped
A moped is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads.
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Motor oil
Motor oil, engine oil, or engine lubricant is any of various substances comprising base oils enhanced with additives, particularly antiwear additive plus detergents, dispersants and, for multi-grade oils viscosity index improvers.
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Motorcycle
A motorcycle, often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two-> or three-wheeled motor vehicle.
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Muffler
A muffler (silencer in many non-US English speaking countries) is a device for decreasing the amount of noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine.
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Multi-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves.
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Napier Deltic
The Napier Deltic engine is a British opposed-piston valveless, supercharged uniflow scavenged, two-stroke Diesel engine used in marine and locomotive applications, designed and produced by D. Napier & Son.
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National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, also using the acronym NESHAP, are emission standards set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency—EPA.
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Natural gas
Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.
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Naturally aspirated engine
A naturally aspirated engine is an internal combustion engine in which oxygen intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not rely on forced induction through a turbocharger or a supercharger.
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Nicéphore Niépce
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (7 March 1765 – 5 July 1833) was a French inventor, now usually credited as the inventor of photography and a pioneer in that field.
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Nikolaus Otto
Nikolaus August Otto (14 June 1832, Holzhausen an der Haide, Nassau – 26 January 1891, Cologne) was a German engineer who successfully developed the compressed charge internal combustion engine which ran on petroleum gas and led to the modern internal combustion engine.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Nitrogen oxide
Nitrogen oxide may refer to a binary compound of oxygen and nitrogen, or a mixture of such compounds.
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Nitromethane
Nitromethane is an organic compound with the chemical formula.
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Nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas or nitrous, is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the formula.
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Noise pollution
Sound pollution, also known as environmental noise or noise pollution, is the propagation of noise with harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life.
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Non-road engine
Non-road engine (which may include non-road equipment and non-road vehicle) is an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine engine used for other purposes than being an engine of a vehicle operated on public roadways.
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North American English
North American English (NAmE, NAE) is the most generalized variety of the English language as spoken in the United States and Canada.
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Octane rating
An octane rating, or octane number, is a standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation fuel.
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Oil cooling
Oil cooling is the use of engine oil as a coolant, typically to remove surplus heat from an internal combustion engine.
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Oil filter
An oil filter is a filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil, transmission oil, lubricating oil, or hydraulic oil.
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Old French
Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; Modern French: ancien français) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century.
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Operating temperature
An operating temperature is the temperature at which an electrical or mechanical device operates.
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Opposed-piston engine
An opposed-piston engine is a reciprocating internal combustion engine in which each cylinder has a piston at both ends, and no cylinder head.
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Otto cycle
An Otto cycle is an idealized thermodynamic cycle that describes the functioning of a typical spark ignition piston engine.
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Otto engine
The Otto engine was a large stationary single-cylinder internal combustion four-stroke engine designed by Nikolaus Otto.
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Outboard motor
An outboard motor is a propulsion system for boats, consisting of a self-contained unit that includes engine, gearbox and propeller or jet drive, designed to be affixed to the outside of the transom.
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Overall pressure ratio
In aeronautical engineering, overall pressure ratio, or overall compression ratio, is the ratio of the stagnation pressure as measured at the front and rear of the compressor of a gas turbine engine.
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Overhead valve engine
An overhead valve engine (OHV engine), or "pushrod engine", is a reciprocating piston engine whose poppet valves are sited in the cylinder head.
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Oxford
Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.
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Oxford City Council
Oxford City Council provides local government for the city of Oxford in England.
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Oxidizing agent
In chemistry, an oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances — in other words to cause them to lose electrons.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Ozone
Ozone, or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula.
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Ozone layer
The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
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Partially premixed combustion
Partially premixed combustion (PPC), also known as PPCI (partially-premixed compression ignition) or GDCI (gasoline direct-injection compression-ignition) is a modern combustion process intended to be used in internal combustion engines of automobiles and other motorized vehicles in the future.
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Particulates
Atmospheric aerosol particles, also known as atmospheric particulate matter, particulate matter (PM), particulates, or suspended particulate matter (SPM) are microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in Earth's atmosphere.
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Peanut oil
Peanut oil, also known as groundnut oil or arachis oil, is a mild-tasting vegetable oil derived from peanuts.
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Petrol engine
A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in American English) is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, designed to run on petrol (gasoline) and similar volatile fuels.
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Petroleum
Petroleum is a naturally occurring, yellow-to-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface.
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Photography
Photography is the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film.
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Piston
A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms.
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Piston ring
A piston ring is a split ring that fits into a groove on the outer diameter of a piston in a reciprocating engine such as an internal combustion engine or steam engine.
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Pistonless rotary engine
A pistonless rotary engine is an internal combustion engine that does not use pistons in the way a reciprocating engine does, but instead uses one or more rotors, sometimes called rotary pistons.
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Poppet valve
A poppet valve (also called mushroom valve) is a valve typically used to control the timing and quantity of gas or vapour flow into an engine.
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Power (physics)
In physics, power is the rate of doing work, the amount of energy transferred per unit time.
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Power band
The power band of an internal combustion engine or electric motor is the range of operating speeds under which the engine or motor is able to operate most efficiently.
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Power-to-weight ratio
Power-to-weight ratio (or specific power or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another.
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Powered aircraft
A powered aircraft is an aircraft that uses onboard propulsion with mechanical power generated by an aircraft engine of some kind.
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Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
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Pressure washing
Pressure washing or power washing is the use of high-pressure water spray to remove loose paint, mold, grime, dust, mud, chewing gum and dirt from surfaces and objects such as buildings, vehicles and concrete surfaces.
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Pressurized water reactor
Pressurized water reactors (PWRs) constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (notable exceptions being the United Kingdom, Japan, and Canada) and are one of three types of light water reactor (LWR), the other types being boiling water reactors (BWRs) and supercritical water reactors (SCWRs).
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Propane
Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C3H8.
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Propelling nozzle
A propelling nozzle is a nozzle that converts a gas turbine or gas generator into a jet engine.
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Pump
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action.
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Pyréolophore
The Pyréolophore (pea-ray-oh-loh-for) was the world's first internal combustion engine. It was invented in the early 19th century in Chalon-sur-Saône, France, by the Niépce brothers: Nicéphore (who went on to invent photography) and Claude. In 1807 the brothers ran a prototype internal combustion engine, and on 20 July 1807 a patent was granted by Napoleon Bonaparte after it had successfully powered a boat upstream on the river Saône. The Pyréolophore ran on what were believed to be "controlled dust explosions" of various experimental fuels. The fuels included mixtures of Lycopodium powder (the spores of Lycopodium, or clubmoss), finely crushed coal dust, and resin. Operating independently, in 1807 the Swiss engineer François Isaac de Rivaz built the De Rivaz engine, a hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine. These practical engineering projects may have followed the 1673 theoretical design of an internal combustion engine by the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens. The separate, virtually contemporaneous implementations of this design in different modes of transport means that the de Rivaz engine may be correctly described as the first use of an internal combustion engine in an automobile (1808), whilst the Pyréolophore was the first use of an internal combustion engine in a boat (1807).
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Radial engine
The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel.
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Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of transferring of passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, also known as tracks.
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Ramjet
A ramjet, sometimes referred to as a flying stovepipe or an athodyd (an abbreviation of aero thermodynamic duct), is a form of airbreathing jet engine that uses the engine's forward motion to compress incoming air without an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor.
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Reciprocating engine
A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine (although there are also pneumatic and hydraulic reciprocating engines) that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion.
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Recoil start
Recoil start (also called manual start, pull start or rewind start) is a method of starting an internal combustion engine, usually on small machines, such as lawn mowers, chainsaws, ultralight aircraft, small outboard motors and portable engine-generators.
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Reed valve
Reed valves are a type of check valve which restrict the flow of fluids to a single direction, opening and closing under changing pressure on each face.
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Regenerative cooling (rocket)
Regenerative cooling, in the context of rocket engine design, is a configuration in which some or all of the propellant is passed through tubes, channels, or in a jacket around the combustion chamber or nozzle to cool the engine.
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Renewable fuels
Renewable fuels are fuels produced from renewable resources.
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Robert H. Goddard
Robert Hutchings Goddard (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945) was an American engineer, professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket.
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Rocker arm
A rocker arm (in the context of an internal combustion engine of automotive, marine, motorcycle and reciprocating aviation types) is an oscillating lever that conveys radial movement from the cam lobe into linear movement at the poppet valve to open it.
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Rocket engine
A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellant mass for forming its high-speed propulsive jet.
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Roots-type supercharger
The Roots type blower is a positive displacement lobe pump which operates by pumping a fluid with a pair of meshing lobes not unlike a set of stretched gears.
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Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel (18 March 185829 September 1913) was a German inventor and mechanical engineer, famous for the invention of the diesel engine, and for his mysterious death.
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Saône
The Saône (La Saône; Arpitan Sona, Arar) is a river of eastern France.
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Samuel Brown (engineer)
Samuel Brown (died september 16,1849) was an English engineer and inventor credited with developing one of the earliest examples of an internal combustion engine, during the early 19th century.
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Schnuerle porting
Schnuerle porting is a system to improve efficiency of a valveless two-stroke engine by giving better scavenging.
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Scientist
A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world.
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Scuderi engine
The Scuderi engine, formally called the Scuderi Split Cycle Engine, is a split cycle, internal combustion engine invented by Carmelo J. Scuderi (April 13, 1925 – October 16, 2002).
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Ship
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying passengers or goods, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing.
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Siege engine
A siege engine is a device that is designed to break or circumvent heavy castle doors, thick city walls and other fortifications in siege warfare.
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Single-cylinder engine
A single-cylinder engine is a basic piston engine configuration of an internal combustion engine.
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Six-stroke engine
The term six-stroke engine has been applied to a number of alternative internal combustion engine designs that attempt to improve on traditional two-stroke and four-stroke engines.
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Small engine
A small engine is the general term for a wide range of small-displacement, low-powered internal combustion engines used to power lawn mowers, generators, concrete mixers and many other machines that require independent power sources.
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Snowmobile
A snowmobile, also known as a motor sled, motor sledge, or snowmachine, is a motorized vehicle designed for winter travel and recreation on snow.
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Sodium borohydride
Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydridoborate and sodium tetrahydroborate, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaBH4.
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Soot
Soot is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.
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Soybean
The soybean (Glycine max), or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses.
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Spacecraft
A spacecraft is a vehicle or machine designed to fly in outer space.
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Spark plug
A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine.
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Spark-ignition engine
A spark-ignition engine (SI engine) is an internal combustion engine, generally a petrol engine, where the combustion process of the air-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark from a spark plug.
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Specific impulse
Specific impulse (usually abbreviated Isp) is a measure of how effectively a rocket uses propellant or jet engine uses fuel.
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Split cycle engine
The split-cycle engine is a type of internal combustion engine.
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Starter (engine)
A starter (also self-starter, self, cranking motor, or starter motor) is a device used to rotate (crank) an internal-combustion engine so as to initiate the engine's operation under its own power.
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Steam engine
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
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Steam turbine
A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.
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Stirling engine
A Stirling engine is a heat engine that operates by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas (the working fluid) at different temperatures, such that there is a net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work.
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.
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Straight engine
The straight or inline engine is an internal-combustion engine with all cylinders aligned in one row and having no offset.
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Straight-twin engine
A straight-twin engine, also known as straight-two, inline-twin, vertical-twin, or parallel-twin is a two-cylinder piston engine which has its cylinders arranged side by side and its pistons connected to a common crankshaft.
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String trimmer
A string trimmer, also called a "weed-whip", "whipper-snipper", "weed-whacker", a "weed eater", a "line trimmer" (in Australia) or a "strimmer" (in the UK and Ireland), is a tool which uses a flexible monofilament line instead of a blade for cutting grass and other plants near objects, or on steep or irregular terrain.
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Stroke (engine)
In the context of an Internal combustion engine, the term stroke has the following related meanings.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
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Sulfur monoxide
Sulfur monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula.
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Sump
A sump (American English and some parts of Canada: oil pan) is a low space that collects often undesirable liquids such as water or chemicals.
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Supercharger
A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine.
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Temperature
Temperature is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold.
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Tetraethyllead
Tetraethyllead (commonly styled tetraethyl lead), abbreviated TEL, is an organolead compound with the formula (CH3CH2)4Pb.
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Thermal efficiency
In thermodynamics, the thermal efficiency (\eta_ \) is a dimensionless performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy, such as an internal combustion engine, a steam turbine or a steam engine, a boiler, furnace, or a refrigerator for example.
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Thermal energy
Thermal energy is a term used loosely as a synonym for more rigorously-defined thermodynamic quantities such as the internal energy of a system; heat or sensible heat, which are defined as types of transfer of energy (as is work); or for the characteristic energy of a degree of freedom in a thermal system kT, where T is temperature and k is the Boltzmann constant.
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Thermodynamic cycle
A thermodynamic cycle consists of a linked sequence of thermodynamic processes that involve transfer of heat and work into and out of the system, while varying pressure, temperature, and other state variables within the system, and that eventually returns the system to its initial state.
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Thermodynamic limit
The thermodynamic limit, or macroscopic limit, of a system in statistical mechanics is the limit for a large number N of particles (e.g., atoms or molecules) where the volume is taken to grow in proportion with the number of particles.
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Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work.
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Threaded rod
A threaded rod, also known as a stud, is a relatively long rod that is threaded on both ends; the thread may extend along the complete length of the rod.
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Thrust specific fuel consumption
Thrust-specific fuel consumption (TSFC) is the fuel efficiency of an engine design with respect to thrust output.
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Thrust-to-weight ratio
Thrust-to-weight ratio is a dimensionless ratio of thrust to weight of a rocket, jet engine, propeller engine, or a vehicle propelled by such an engine that indicates the performance of the engine or vehicle.
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Torpedo
A modern torpedo is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead, launched above or below the water surface, propelled underwater towards a target, and designed to detonate either on contact with its target or in proximity to it.
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Total-loss oiling system
A total-loss oiling system is an engine lubrication system whereby oil is introduced into the engine, and then either burned or ejected overboard.
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Tractor vaporising oil
Tractor vaporising oil (or TVO) is a fuel for petrol-paraffin engines.
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Transformer
A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.
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Triglyceride
A triglyceride (TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids (from tri- and glyceride).
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Turbine
A turbine (from the Latin turbo, a vortex, related to the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, meaning "turbulence") is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work.
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Turbine blade
A turbine blade is the individual component which makes up the turbine section of a gas turbine or steam turbine.
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Turbocharger
A turbocharger, or colloquially turbo, is a turbine-driven forced induction device that increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra air into the combustion chamber.
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Turbofan
The turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion.
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Turbojet
The turbojet is an airbreathing jet engine, typically used in aircraft.
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Turboprop
A turboprop engine is a turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.
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Turboshaft
A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft power rather than jet thrust.
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Two-stroke engine
A two-stroke (or two-cycle) engine is a type of internal combustion engine which completes a power cycle with two strokes (up and down movements) of the piston during only one crankshaft revolution.
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Two-stroke oil
Two-stroke oil (also referred to as two-cycle oil, 2-cycle oil, 2T oil, 2-stroke oil or petroil) is a special type of motor oil intended for use in crankcase compression two-stroke engines.
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Type 93 torpedo
The was a -diameter torpedo of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), launched from surface ships.
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U engine
A U engine is a piston engine made up of two separate straight engines (complete with separate crankshafts) joined by gears or chains.
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Unmanned aerial vehicle
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard.
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V engine
A V engine, or Vee engine is a common configuration for an internal combustion engine.
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Variable compression ratio
Variable compression ratio is a technology to adjust the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine while the engine is in operation.
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Variable displacement
Variable displacement is an automobile engine technology that allows the engine displacement to change, usually by deactivating cylinders, for improved fuel economy.
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Vegetable oil fuel
Vegetable oil can be used as an alternative fuel in diesel engines and in heating oil burners.
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Vehicle
A vehicle (from vehiculum) is a machine that transports people or cargo.
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Vehicle emissions control
Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines.
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Volatile organic compound
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at ordinary room temperature.
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W engine
A W engine is a type of reciprocating engine arranged with its cylinders in a configuration in which the cylinder banks resemble the letter W, in the same way those of a V engine resemble the letter V. Four different configurations have been called W engines.
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Wankel engine
The Wankel engine is a type of internal combustion engine using an eccentric rotary design to convert pressure into rotating motion.
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Water jacket
A water jacket is a water-filled casing surrounding a device, typically a metal sheath having intake and outlet vents to allow water to be pumped through and circulated.
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Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.
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Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C
The Wärtsilä RT-flex96C is a two-stroke turbocharged low-speed diesel engine designed by the Finnish manufacturer Wärtsilä.
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Wet sump
A wet sump is a lubricating oil management design for piston engines which uses the crankcase as a built-in reservoir for oil, as opposed to an external or secondary reservoir used in a dry sump design.
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Wilhelm Maybach
(9 February 1846 – 29 December 1929) was an early German engine designer and industrialist.
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Wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.
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Wood gas
Wood gas is a syngas fuel which can be used as a fuel for furnaces, stoves and vehicles in place of gasoline, diesel or other fuels.
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Wood gas generator
A wood gas generator is a gasification unit which converts timber or charcoal into wood gas, a syngas consisting of atmospheric nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, traces of methane, and other gases, which - after cooling and filtering - can then be used to power an internal combustion engine or for other purposes.
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Work (physics)
In physics, a force is said to do work if, when acting, there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force.
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Working fluid
A working fluid is a pressurized gas or liquid that actuates a machine.
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X engine
An X engine is a piston engine comprising twinned V-block engines horizontally opposed to each other.
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1,3-Butadiene
1,3-Butadiene is the organic compound with the formula (CH2.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine
