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Cavefish

Index Cavefish

Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. [1]

274 relations: Adaptation, Airbreathing catfish, Alabama cavefish, Amblycipitidae, Amblyopsidae, Amblyopsis, Anchialine pool, Anchicyclocheilus halfibindus, Animal echolocation, Apex predator, Aquarium, Aquifer, Astroblepus, Astroblepus pholeter, Astroblepus riberae, Astyanax jordani, Banded sculpin, Bangana, Barbatula, Basal metabolic rate, Bat, Belostomatidae, Biological pigment, Biosurvey, Blind cave eel, Blind cave loach, Blind fish, Blind swamp eel, Bostrychus microphthalmus, Brackish water, Breeding program, Caecobarbus geertsii, Caecocypris basimi, Caecogobius cryptophthalmus, Callichthyidae, Catfish, Cave, Cave salamander, Characidae, Chemoreceptor, Circadian rhythm, Claea dabryi, Clarias cavernicola, Cobitidae, Convergent evolution, Cottidae, Courtship display, Crab, Crayfish, Critically endangered, ..., Crossed-fork back golden-line fish, Current Biology, Cyprinidae, Deep sea fish, Department of the Environment (Australia, 2013–16), Detritivore, Devils Hole pupfish, Display (zoology), Draconectes narinosus, Drought, Duck-billed golden-line fish, Earthworm eel, Eidinemacheilus smithi, Eigenmannia vicentespelaea, Electroreception, Eleotridae, Extinction, Extremophile, Eyeless golden-line fish, Family (biology), Fish scale, Fishkeeping, Folk taxonomy, Garra barreimiae, Garra dunsirei, Garra lorestanensis, Garra tashanensis, Garra typhlops, Genetics, Gill, Glanapteryginae, Glass knifefish, Glossogobius ankaranensis, Goby, Gold-colored angle fish, Grotto sculpin, Guano, Gymnotiformes, Habitat destruction, Heptapteridae, Hillstream loach, Hoosier cavefish, Horaglanis abdulkalami, Horaglanis alikunhii, Horaglanis krishnai, Hyaline fish, Hypogeal, Ichthyology, Ictaluridae, Indoreonectes evezardi, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Introduced species, IUCN Red List, Juil ciego, Karst, Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge, Kryptoglanis shajii, Lateral line, Lens (anatomy), List of troglobites, Longanalus macrochirous, Loricariidae, Lucifuga simile, Lucifuga subterranea, Lucifuga teresinarum, Luciogobius, Luciogobius albus, Luciogobius pallidus, Mexican blind brotula, Mexican tetra, Milyeringa, Milyeringa justitia, Milyeringa veritas, Monophyly, Mottled sculpin, Mouthbrooder, Nemacheilidae, Neolissochilus subterraneus, New Providence cusk-eel, New Scientist, Northern cavefish, Oaxaca cave sleeper, Ogilbia galapagosensis, Optic nerve, Oreonectes anophthalmus, Oreonectes furcocaudalis, Oreonectes macrolepis, Oreonectes microphthalmus, Organic compound, Oviparity, Ovoviviparity, Oxygen, Ozark cavefish, Paracobitis, Parietal eye, PDF, Pennsylvania, Photophobia (biology), Phreatic, Phreatichthys andruzzii, Phreatobius, Phreatobius cisternarum, Phreatobius dracunculus, Phreatobius sanguijuela, Pimelodella kronei, Pineal gland, Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae, Poropuntius speleops, Prietella lundbergi, Prietella phreatophila, Protocobitis typhlops, Pupfish, Retina, Rhamdia zongolicensis, Salinity, Sarcoglanidinae, Schistura, Schistura deansmarti, Schistura jarutanini, Schistura kaysonei, Schistura larketensis, Schistura lingyunensis, Schistura mobbsi, Schistura oedipus, Schistura papulifera, Schistura sijuensis, Schistura spekuli, Siluridae, Sinkhole, Sinocyclocheilus, Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus, Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus, Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis, Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes, Sinocyclocheilus biangularis, Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus, Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus, Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes, Sinocyclocheilus cyphotergous, Sinocyclocheilus flexuosdorsalis, Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis, Sinocyclocheilus huanjiangensis, Sinocyclocheilus hugeibarbus, Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis, Sinocyclocheilus jiuxuensis, Sinocyclocheilus lingyunensis, Sinocyclocheilus longibarbatus, Sinocyclocheilus longifinus, Sinocyclocheilus luolouensis, Sinocyclocheilus luopingensis, Sinocyclocheilus macrophthalmus, Sinocyclocheilus macroscalus, Sinocyclocheilus maculatus, Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis, Sinocyclocheilus malacopterus, Sinocyclocheilus mashanensis, Sinocyclocheilus multipunctatus, Sinocyclocheilus oxycephalus, Sinocyclocheilus purpureus, Sinocyclocheilus qiubeiensis, Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous, Sinocyclocheilus robustus, Sinocyclocheilus tianlinensis, Sinocyclocheilus tileihornes, Sinocyclocheilus xunlensis, Sinocyclocheilus yishanensis, Slimy sculpin, Small eye golden-line fish, Somalian blind barb, Southern Germany, Species complex, Species description, Species richness, Speolabeo musaei, Speonectes tiomanensis, Spider, Spring cavefish, Starostin's loach, Stone loach, Stygichthys, Stygofauna, Subspecies, Subterranean river, Subtropics, Sundoreonectes, Swamp eel, Swim bladder, Synonym (taxonomy), Taste bud, Taxonomy (biology), Threatened species, Toothless blindcat, Trichomycteridae, Trichomycterus chaberti, Triplophysa, Triplophysa aluensis, Triplophysa gejiuensis, Triplophysa longibarbata, Triplophysa qiubeiensis, Triplophysa rosa, Triplophysa shilinensis, Triplophysa tianeensis, Triplophysa xiangshuingensis, Triplophysa xiangxiensis, Triplophysa yunnanensis, Troglocyclocheilus khammouanensis, Troglomorphism, Trogloxene, Typhleotris madagascariensis, Typhleotris mararybe, Typhleotris pauliani, Typhlichthys subterraneus, Typhlobarbus nudiventris, Typhlogarra widdowsoni, Uegitglanis zammaranoi, Underground lake, Undescribed taxon, Viviparous brotula, Water extraction, Waterfall climbing cave fish, West Virginia, Western New Guinea, Widemouth blindcat. Expand index (224 more) »

Adaptation

In biology, adaptation has three related meanings.

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Airbreathing catfish

Airbreathing catfishes are fishes comprising the family Clariidae of order Siluriformes.

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Alabama cavefish

The Alabama cavefish (Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni), is a critically endangered species of amblyopsid cavefish found only in underground pools in Key Cave, located in northwestern Alabama, United States in the Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge.

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Amblycipitidae

The Amblycipitidae are a family of catfishes, commonly known as torrent catfishes.

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Amblyopsidae

The Amblyopsidae are a fish family commonly referred to as cavefish, blindfish, or swampfish.

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Amblyopsis

Amblyopsis is a genus of small (up to long) fish in the family Amblyopsidae that are endemic to the central and eastern United States.

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Anchialine pool

An anchialine pool or pond (pronounced "AN-key-ah-lin", from Greek ankhialos, "near the sea") is a landlocked body of water with a subterranean connection to the ocean.

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Anchicyclocheilus halfibindus

Anchicyclocheilus halfibindus is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to China.

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Animal echolocation

Echolocation, also called bio sonar, is the biological sonar used by several kinds of animals.

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Apex predator

An apex predator, also known as an alpha predator or top predator, is a predator at the top of a food chain, with no natural predators.

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Aquarium

An aquarium (plural: aquariums or aquaria) is a vivarium of any size having at least one transparent side in which aquatic plants or animals are kept and displayed.

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Aquifer

An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt).

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Astroblepus

Astroblepus is a genus of fish in the family Astroblepidae found in South America and Panama.

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Astroblepus pholeter

Astroblepus pholeter is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae.

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Astroblepus riberae

Astroblepus riberae is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae.

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Astyanax jordani

Astyanax jordani is a freshwater fish of the characin family (family Characidae) of order Characiformes, native to Mexico.

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Banded sculpin

The banded sculpin (Cottus carolinae) is a freshwater fish dwelling mostly in small to moderate sized streams in areas of swift current.

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Bangana

Bangana is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows.

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Barbatula

Barbatula is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae native to Europe and Asia.

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Basal metabolic rate

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest.

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Bat

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera; with their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight.

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Belostomatidae

Belostomatidae is a family of freshwater hemipteran insects known as giant water bugs or colloquially as toe-biters, Indian toe-biters, electric-light bugs, alligator ticks, or alligator fleas (in Florida).

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Biological pigment

Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.

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Biosurvey

A biosurvey, or biological survey, is a scientific study of organisms to assess the condition of an ecological resource, such as a water body.

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Blind cave eel

The blind cave eel (Ophisternon candidum) is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae.

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Blind cave loach

The Blind cave loach (Nemacheilus troglocataractus) is a species of troglobitic stone loach endemic to Thailand.

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Blind fish

A blind fish is a fish without functional eyes.

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Blind swamp eel

The blind swamp eel (Ophisternon infernale) is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae.

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Bostrychus microphthalmus

Bostrychus microphthalmus is a species of fish from the Eleotridae family.

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Brackish water

Brackish water is water that has more salinity than fresh water, but not as much as seawater.

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Breeding program

A breeding program is the planned breeding of a group of animals or plants, usually involving at least several individuals and extending over several generations.

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Caecobarbus geertsii

Caecobarbus geertsi, the African blind barb or Congo blind barb (known as Nzonzi a mpofo in the local Kikongo language, meaning blind barb), is a species of cyprinid fish.

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Caecocypris basimi

Caecocypris basimi, the Haditha cavefish, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Iraq, only occurring in aquifers near Haditha.

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Caecogobius cryptophthalmus

Caecogobius cryptophthalmus is a species of goby that is endemic to underground habitats in Calbiga on the Philippine island of Samar.

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Callichthyidae

Callichthyidae is a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes), called armored catfishes due to the two rows of bony plates (or scutes) running down the length of their bodies.

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Catfish

Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish.

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Cave

A cave is a hollow place in the ground, specifically a natural space large enough for a human to enter.

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Cave salamander

A cave salamander is a type of salamander that primarily or exclusively inhabits caves, a group that includes several species.

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Characidae

Characidae, the characids or characins is a family of freshwater subtropical and tropical fish, belonging to the order Characiformes.

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Chemoreceptor

A chemoreceptor, also known as chemosensor, is a specialized sensory receptor cell which transduces (responds to) a chemical substance (endogenous or induced) and generates a biological signal.

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Circadian rhythm

A circadian rhythm is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours.

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Claea dabryi

Claea dabryi is a species of stone loach endemic to the Jinshajiang river basin in China.

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Clarias cavernicola

The golden cave catfish (Clarias cavernicola) is a critically endangered species of airbreathing catfish.

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Cobitidae

Cobitidae, also known as the True loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish.

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Convergent evolution

Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.

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Cottidae

The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins.

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Courtship display

A courtship display is a set of display behaviors in which an animal attempts to attract a mate and exhibit their desire to copulate.

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Crab

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (abdomen) (translit.

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Crayfish

Crayfish, also known as crawfish, crawdads, crawldads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, mudbugs or yabbies, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related; taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea.

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Critically endangered

A critically endangered (CR) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

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Crossed-fork back golden-line fish

The crossed-fork back golden-line fish (Sinocyclocheilus furcodorsalis) is a species of blind cave fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Current Biology

Current Biology is a scientific journal that covers all areas of biology, especially molecular biology, cell biology, genetics, neurobiology, ecology and evolutionary biology.

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Cyprinidae

The Cyprinidae are the family of freshwater fishes, collectively called cyprinids, that includes the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives (for example, the barbs and barbels).

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Deep sea fish

Deep-sea fish are fish that live in the darkness below the sunlit surface waters, that is below the epipelagic or photic zone of the sea.

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Department of the Environment (Australia, 2013–16)

The Australian Department of the Environment was a department of the Government of Australia that existed between September 2013 and July 2016.

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Detritivore

Detritivores, also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders, or detritus eaters, are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces).

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Devils Hole pupfish

The Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis) is a species of fish native to Devils Hole (Nevada, U.S.), a geothermal aquifer-fed pool within a limestone cavern, in the Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge east of Death Valley.

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Display (zoology)

Display is a form of animal behaviour, connected to sexual selection and survival of the species in various ways.

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Draconectes narinosus

Draconectes narinosus is a species of troglobitic stone loach known only from a cave on Van Gio Island in Halong Bay, Vietnam.

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Drought

A drought is a period of below-average precipitation in a given region, resulting in prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric, surface water or ground water.

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Duck-billed golden-line fish

The duck-billed golden-line fish (Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris) is a species of cyprinid.

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Earthworm eel

Chaudhuriidae, is a family of small freshwater eel-like fish related to the swamp eels and spiny eels, commonly known as the earthworm eels.

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Eidinemacheilus smithi

Eidinemacheilus smithi, also known as the Zagroz blind loach, is a species of loach in the family Nemacheilidae.

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Eigenmannia vicentespelaea

Eigenmannia vicentespelaea is a species of weakly electric knifefish in the family Sternopygidae.

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Electroreception

Electroreception or electroception is the biological ability to perceive natural electrical stimuli.

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Eleotridae

Eleotridae is a family of fish commonly known as sleeper gobies, with about 34 genera and 180 species.

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Extinction

In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.

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Extremophile

An extremophile (from Latin extremus meaning "extreme" and Greek philiā (φιλία) meaning "love") is an organism that thrives in physically or geochemically extreme conditions that are detrimental to most life on Earth.

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Eyeless golden-line fish

The eyeless golden-line fish or blind golden-line barbel (Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Family (biology)

In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.

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Fish scale

The skin of most fishes is covered with scales, which, in many cases, are animal reflectors or produce animal coloration.

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Fishkeeping

Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond.

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Folk taxonomy

A folk taxonomy is a vernacular naming system, and can be contrasted with scientific taxonomy.

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Garra barreimiae

Garra barreimiae, the Oman garra, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Garra dunsirei

Garra dunsirei, the Tawi Atair garra, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Garra lorestanensis

Garra lorestanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra Known from the Loven Cave, the natural outlet of a subterranean limestone system of the Zagros Mountains in the Ab-e Sirum or Ab-e Serum Valley near Tang-e Haft railway station, the Tigris River drainage, the Persian Gulf Basin, Lorestan Province, southwestern Iran.

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Garra tashanensis

Garra tashanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra.

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Garra typhlops

Garra typhlops, also known as the Iran cave barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Genetics

Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.

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Gill

A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.

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Glanapteryginae

The Glanapteryginae are a subfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Trichomycteridae.

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Glass knifefish

Glass knifefishes are fishes in the family Sternopygidae in the order Gymnotiformes.

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Glossogobius ankaranensis

Glossogobius ankaranensis is a species of fish in the Gobiidae family.

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Goby

Gobies are fishes of the family Gobiidae, one of the largest fish families comprising more than 2,000 species in more than 200 genera.

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Gold-colored angle fish

The gold-colored angle fish (Sinocyclocheilus angularis) is a species of cyprinid fish.

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Grotto sculpin

The grotto sculpin (Cottus specus) is a species of fish in the family Cottidae.

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Guano

Guano (from Quechua wanu via Spanish) is the accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats.

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Gymnotiformes

The Gymnotiformes are a group of teleost bony fishes commonly known as the Neotropical or South American knifefish.

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Habitat destruction

Habitat destruction is the process in which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present.

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Heptapteridae

The Heptapteridae, or three-barbeled catfishes, are a family of catfish that originate from the Americas.

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Hillstream loach

The hillstream loaches or river loaches are a family, the Balitoridae, of small fish from South, Southeast and East Asia.

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Hoosier cavefish

The Hoosier cavefish (Amblyopsis hoosieri) is a subterranean species of blind fish from southern Indiana in the United States.

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Horaglanis abdulkalami

Horaglanis abdulkalami is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to India.

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Horaglanis alikunhii

Horaglanis alikunhii is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to India.

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Horaglanis krishnai

Horaglanis krishnai, the Indian blind catfish, is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to India where it is found in wells in the area of Kottayam in Kerala.

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Hyaline fish

The hyaline fish (Sinocyclocheilus hyalinus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Hypogeal

Hypogeal, hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous are biological terms describing an organism's activity below the soil surface.

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Ichthyology

Ichthyology (from Greek: ἰχθύς, ikhthys, "fish"; and λόγος, logos, "study"), also known as fish science, is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish.

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Ictaluridae

The Ictaluridae, sometimes called ictalurids, are a family of catfish native to North America, where they are important food fish and sometimes as a sport fish.

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Indoreonectes evezardi

Indoreonectes evezardi is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Nemacheilidae.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Introduced species

An introduced species (alien species, exotic species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species) is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental.

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IUCN Red List

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, has evolved to become the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species.

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Juil ciego

The juil ciego or blindwhiskered catfish (Rhamdia reddelli) is a species of three-barbeled catfish endemic to Mexico.

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Karst

Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum.

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Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge

Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge is a 1,060 acre (4.3 km2) National Wildlife Refuge located in northwestern Alabama, along the Tennessee River downstream from Florence, Alabama.

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Kryptoglanis shajii

Kryptoglanis shajii is a species of subterranean catfish found in subsurface waters in the Western Ghats in Kerala, India.

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Lateral line

The lateral line is a system of sense organs found in aquatic vertebrates, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water.

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Lens (anatomy)

The lens is a transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina.

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List of troglobites

A troglobite (or, formally, troglobiont) is an animal species, or population of a species, strictly bound to underground habitats, such as caves.

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Longanalus macrochirous

Longanalus macrochirous is a species of cave-dwelling cyprinid fish endemic to the Maolan National Reserve in Guizhou, China.

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Loricariidae

Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with 92 genera and just over 680 species to date, with new species being described each year.

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Lucifuga simile

Lucifuga simile is a species of cavefish in the Bythitidae family.

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Lucifuga subterranea

Lucifuga subterranea, or the Cuban cusk-eel, is a species of cavefish in the Bythitidae family.

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Lucifuga teresinarum

Lucifuga teresinarum is a species of cavefish in the Bythitidae family.

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Luciogobius

Luciogobius is a genus of fish in the goby family, Gobiidae.

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Luciogobius albus

Luciogobius albus is a species of goby endemic to Japan where it is found in fresh and brackish underground waters near the coasts.

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Luciogobius pallidus

Luciogobius pallidus is a species of goby endemic to Japan where it is found in fresh, brackish and marine underground waters near the coasts.

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Mexican blind brotula

The Mexican blind brotula (Typhliasina pearsei) is a species of viviparous brotula endemic to Mexico, where it is found in sinkholes and caves.

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Mexican tetra

The Mexican tetra or blind cave fish (Astyanax mexicanus) is a freshwater fish of the family Characidae of the order Characiformes.

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Milyeringa

Milyeringa is a genus of blind cavefish from the Cape Range and Barrow Island, northwestern Australia.

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Milyeringa justitia

Milyeringa justitia, commonly known as the Barrow cave gudgeon, is a species of sleeper goby endemic to groundwater systems (aquifers) of Barrow Island, around 50 km off the Pilbara coast in Western Australia.

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Milyeringa veritas

Milyeringa veritas, commonly known as the blind gudgeon, is a species of sleeper goby endemic to groundwater and anchialine systems in caves in the Cape Range, Australia.

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Monophyly

In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.

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Mottled sculpin

The mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdii) is a freshwater sculpin (family Cottidae) found widely although unevenly throughout North America.

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Mouthbrooder

Mouthbrooding, also known as oral incubation and buccal incubation, is the care given by some groups of animals to their offspring by holding them in the mouth of the parent for extended periods of time.

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Nemacheilidae

The Nemacheilidae, or stone loaches, are a family of cypriniform fishes that inhabit stream environments, mostly in Eurasia, with one genus, Afronemacheilus found in Africa.

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Neolissochilus subterraneus

Neolissochilus subterraneus is a species of cyprinid cavefish that is endemic to the Tham Phra Wang Daeng cave within Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Phitsanulok Province in Thailand.

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New Providence cusk-eel

The New Providence cusk-eel, Lucifuga spelaeotes, is a species of cavefish in the Bythitidae family.

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New Scientist

New Scientist, first published on 22 November 1956, is a weekly, English-language magazine that covers all aspects of science and technology.

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Northern cavefish

The northern cavefish or northern blindfish, Amblyopsis spelaea, is found in caves through Kentucky and southern Indiana.

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Oaxaca cave sleeper

Caecieleotris morrisi, also known as the Oaxaca cave sleeper is a species of troglobitic fish in the family Eleotridae found in a single cave system beneath Presa Miguel Alemán reservoir, northern State of Oaxaca in Mexico.

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Ogilbia galapagosensis

Ogilbia galapagosensis, the Galapagos cuskeel, is a species of fish in the Bythitidae family.

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Optic nerve

The optic nerve, also known as cranial nerve II, is a paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

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Oreonectes anophthalmus

Oreonectes anophthalmus is a species of ray-finned fish in the Nemacheilidae family.

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Oreonectes furcocaudalis

Oreonectes furcocaudalis is an oligotrobic species of ray-finned fish, a stone loach, in the genus Oreonectes.

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Oreonectes macrolepis

Oreonectes macrolepis is a species of ray-finned fish, an troglobitic stone loach, in the genus Oreonectes.

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Oreonectes microphthalmus

Oreonectes microphthalmus is a species of ray-finned fish, a troglobitic stone loach, in the genus Oreonectes.

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Organic compound

In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.

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Oviparity

Oviparous animals are animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother.

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Ovoviviparity

Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, or ovivipary, is a mode of reproduction in animals in which embryos that develop inside eggs remain in the mother's body until they are ready to hatch.

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Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.

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Ozark cavefish

The Ozark cavefish, Amblyopsis rosae, is a small subterranean freshwater fish native to the United States.

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Paracobitis

Paracobitis is a genus of Asian stone loaches.

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Parietal eye

A parietal eye, also known as a third eye or pineal eye, is a part of the epithalamus present in some animal species.

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PDF

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Photophobia (biology)

In biology, photophobia (adjective: photophobic) refers to negative response to light.

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Phreatic

Phreatic is a term used in hydrology to refer to aquifers, in speleology to refer to cave passages, and in volcanology to refer to eruption type.

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Phreatichthys andruzzii

Phreatichthys andruzzii is a species of cyprinid fish.

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Phreatobius

Phreatobius is a genus of very small catfishes (order Siluriformes) from tropical South America.

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Phreatobius cisternarum

Phreatobius cisternarum is a species of catfish in the genus Phreatobius.

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Phreatobius dracunculus

Phreatobius dracunculus is a species of catfish in the genus Phreatobius.

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Phreatobius sanguijuela

Phreatobius sanguijuela is a species of catfish in the genus Phreatobius.

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Pimelodella kronei

Pimelodella kronei is a species of three-barbeled catfish endemic to Brazil.

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Pineal gland

The pineal gland, also known as the conarium, kônarion or epiphysis cerebri, is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain.

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Poecilia mexicana

Poecilia mexicana, commonly known as the shortfin molly or Atlantic molly, is a species of poeciliid fish native to fresh and brackish water in Mexico and Guatemala.

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Poeciliidae

The Poeciliidae are a family of freshwater fishes of the order Cyprinodontiformes, the tooth-carps, and include well-known live-bearing aquarium fish, such as the guppy, molly, platy, and swordtail.

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Poropuntius speleops

Poropuntius speleops is an vulnerable species of ray-finned fish in the genus Poropuntius.

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Prietella lundbergi

Prietella lundbergi (phantom blindcat) is a species of North American freshwater catfish (family Ictaluridae) endemic to Mexico.

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Prietella phreatophila

The Mexican blindcat (Prietella phreatophila), in Spanish bagre de muzquiz, is a species of North American freshwater catfish (family Ictaluridae).

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Protocobitis typhlops

Protocobitis typhlops is a species of troglobitic loach endemic to Guangxi, China.

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Pupfish

Pupfish are a group of small killifish belonging to ten genera of the family Cyprinodontidae of ray-finned fish.

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Retina

The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive "coat", or layer, of shell tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.

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Rhamdia zongolicensis

Rhamdia zongolicensis (common name: Zongolica catfish) is a species of three-barbeled catfish endemic to Mexico.

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Salinity

Salinity is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water (see also soil salinity).

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Sarcoglanidinae

The Sarcoglanidinae are a subfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Trichomycteridae.

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Schistura

Schistura is a genus of fish in the stone loach family Nemacheilidae native to the streams and rivers of the southern and eastern Asia.

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Schistura deansmarti

Schistura deansmarti is a species of ray-finned fish in the stone loach genus Schistura.

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Schistura jarutanini

Schistura jarutanini is a species of troglobitic stone loach endemic to Thailand.

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Schistura kaysonei

Schistura kaysonei, the Laotian cave loach, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura.

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Schistura larketensis

Schistura larketensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura.

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Schistura lingyunensis

Schistura lingyunensis is a troblobitic species of stone loach found in Shadong Cave, Lingyun County in Guangxi.

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Schistura mobbsi

Schistura mobbsi is a species of troglobitic stone loach from the genus Schistura which is endemic to the Phuong Hoang Cave in Thai Nguyen Province in Vietnam.

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Schistura oedipus

Schistura oedipus is a species of troglobitic stone loach endemic to caves in the Pang Mapha karst formation in Mae Hongson Province in Thailand.

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Schistura papulifera

Schistura papulifera is a critically endangered species of ray-finned fish, a troblobitic stone loach, in the genus Schistura endemic to the state of Meghalaya in India.

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Schistura sijuensis

Schistura sijuensis is a troglobitic species of stone loach endemic to India.

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Schistura spekuli

Schistura spekuli is a species of ray-finned fish, a troglobitic stone loach, in the genus Schistura.

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Siluridae

Siluridae is the nominate family of catfishes in the order Siluriformes.

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Sinkhole

A sinkhole, also known as a cenote, sink, sink-hole, swallet, swallow hole, or doline (the different terms for sinkholes are often used interchangeably), is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer.

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Sinocyclocheilus

Sinocyclocheilus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae endemic to China, where only found in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.

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Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus

Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus (common name: high-shoulder golden-line barbel) is a species of cave fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus

Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis

Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes

Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus biangularis

Sinocyclocheilus biangularis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus

Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus

Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes

Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus cyphotergous

Sinocyclocheilus cyphotergous is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus flexuosdorsalis

Sinocyclocheilus flexuosdorsalis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis

Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae.

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Sinocyclocheilus huanjiangensis

Sinocyclocheilus huanjiangensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus hugeibarbus

Sinocyclocheilus hugeibarbus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis

Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis is a species of cavefish in the family Cyprinidae endemic to Xiaolong Spring in Jinxi County, Guangxi, China.

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Sinocyclocheilus jiuxuensis

Sinocyclocheilus jiuxuensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus lingyunensis

Sinocyclocheilus lingyunensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus longibarbatus

Sinocyclocheilus longibarbatus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus longifinus

Sinocyclocheilus longifinus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus luolouensis

Sinocyclocheilus luolouensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus luopingensis

Sinocyclocheilus luopingensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus macrophthalmus

Sinocyclocheilus macrophthalmus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus macroscalus

Sinocyclocheilus macroscalus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus maculatus

Sinocyclocheilus maculatus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis

Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus malacopterus

Sinocyclocheilus malacopterus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus mashanensis

Sinocyclocheilus mashanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus multipunctatus

Sinocyclocheilus multipunctatus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus oxycephalus

Sinocyclocheilus oxycephalus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus purpureus

Sinocyclocheilus purpureus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus qiubeiensis

Sinocyclocheilus qiubeiensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous

Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus robustus

Sinocyclocheilus robustus is an Asian freshwater species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus tianlinensis

Sinocyclocheilus tianlinensis is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus tileihornes

Sinocyclocheilus tileihornes is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus xunlensis

Sinocyclocheilus xunlensis is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Sinocyclocheilus.

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Sinocyclocheilus yishanensis

Sinocyclocheilus yishanensis (common name: Yishan golden-line barbel) is a species of cave fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Slimy sculpin

The slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus, is a freshwater species of fish belonging to the family Cottidae, which is the largest sculpin family.

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Small eye golden-line fish

The small eye golden-line fish (Sinocyclocheilus microphthalmus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.

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Somalian blind barb

The Somalian blind barb (Barbopsis devecchi) is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae.

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Southern Germany

Southern Germany as a region has no exact boundary but is generally taken to include the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken.

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Species complex

In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related species that are very similar in appearance to the point that the boundaries between them are often unclear.

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Species description

A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper.

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Species richness

Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region.

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Speolabeo musaei

Speolabeo musaei is a species of cyprinid cavefish endemic to the Xe Bang Fai River in Laos.

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Speonectes tiomanensis

Speonectes tiomanensis is a species of stone loach that is endemic to Malaysia and only known from a cave on Tioman Island.

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Spider

Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom.

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Spring cavefish

The spring cavefish (Forbesichthys agassizii) is the only member of the genus Forbesichthys and is one of seven species in the family Amblyopsidae.

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Starostin's loach

The Starostin's loach (Troglocobitis starostini) is a species of troglobitic stone loach endemic to Turkmenistan.

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Stone loach

The stone loach (Barbatula barbatula) is a species of fresh water ray-finned fish in the Nemacheilidae family.

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Stygichthys

Stygichthys typhlops, the blind tetra or Brazilian blind characid, is a species of fish in the Characidae family and the only member of the genus Stygichthys.

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Stygofauna

Stygofauna are any fauna that live in groundwater systems or aquifers, such as caves, fissures and vugs.

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Subspecies

In biological classification, the term subspecies refers to a unity of populations of a species living in a subdivision of the species’s global range and varies from other populations of the same species by morphological characteristics.

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Subterranean river

A subterranean river is a river that runs wholly or partly beneath the ground surface – one where the riverbed does not represent the surface of the Earth (rivers flowing in gorges are not classed as subterranean).

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Subtropics

The subtropics are geographic and climate zones located roughly between the tropics at latitude 23.5° (the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn) and temperate zones (normally referring to latitudes 35–66.5°) north and south of the Equator.

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Sundoreonectes

Sundoreonectes is a genus consisting of two species of stone loaches from the southeast Asian island of Borneo.

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Swamp eel

The swamp eels (also written "swamp-eels") are a family (Synbranchidae) of freshwater eel-like fishes of the tropics and subtropics.

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Swim bladder

The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ that contributes to the ability of many bony fish (but not cartilaginous fish) to control their buoyancy, and thus to stay at their current water depth without having to waste energy in swimming.

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Synonym (taxonomy)

In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name,''ICN'', "Glossary", entry for "synonym" although the term is used somewhat differently in the zoological code of nomenclature.

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Taste bud

Taste buds contain the taste receptor cells, which are also known as gustatory cells.

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Taxonomy (biology)

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

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Threatened species

Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants, fungi, etc.) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future.

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Toothless blindcat

The toothless blindcat (Trogloglanis pattersoni) is a species of North American freshwater catfish endemic to Texas in the United States.

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Trichomycteridae

The Trichomycteridae are a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) commonly known as the pencil or parasitic catfishes.

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Trichomycterus chaberti

Trichomycterus chaberti is a species of cave-dwelling pencil catfish endemic to Bolivia.

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Triplophysa

Triplophysa is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found mainly in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China.

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Triplophysa aluensis

Triplophysa aluensis is a species of stone loach in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa gejiuensis

Triplophysa gejiuensis (Gejiu blind loach) is a species of stone loach endemic to China.

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Triplophysa longibarbata

Triplophysa longibarbata is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa qiubeiensis

Triplophysa qiubeiensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa rosa

Triplophysa rosa is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa shilinensis

Triplophysa shilinensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa tianeensis

Triplophysa tianeensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Triplophysa xiangshuingensis

Triplophysa xiangshuingensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa endemic to Yunnan, China.

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Triplophysa xiangxiensis

Triplophysa xiangxiensis is a species of stone loach endemic to Yuan River in Hunan, China.

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Triplophysa yunnanensis

Triplophysa yunnanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa.

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Troglocyclocheilus khammouanensis

Troglocyclocheilus khammouanensis is a species of cyprinid fish found in caves in Laos.

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Troglomorphism

Troglomorphism is the morphological adaptation of an animal to living in the constant darkness of caves, characterised by features such as loss of pigment, reduced eyesight or blindness, and frequently with attenuated bodies and/or appendages.

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Trogloxene

Trogloxenes or subtroglophile, also called cave guests, are animal species which periodically live in underground habitats such caves or at the very entrance, but cannot live exclusively in such habitats.

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Typhleotris madagascariensis

Typhleotris madagascariensis is a species of sleeper goby that is endemic to Madagascar, where it is only known from underground waters in the southwestern portion of the island.

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Typhleotris mararybe

Typhleotris mararybe is a critically endangered species of fish in the family Eleotridae, the sleeper gobies.

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Typhleotris pauliani

Typhleotris pauliani is a critically endangered species of sleeper goby that is endemic to Madagascar, where it is only known from a few caves and sinkholes in the southwestern portion of the island.

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Typhlichthys subterraneus

Typhlichthys subterraneus, the southern cavefish, is a species of cavefish in the Amblyopsidae family endemic to karst regions of the eastern United States.

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Typhlobarbus nudiventris

Typhlobarbus nudiventris is a vulnerable species of cyprinid fish endemic to Jianshui County in Yunnan, China.

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Typhlogarra widdowsoni

Typhlogarra widdowsoni, the Iraq blind barb or Haditha cave garra, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to underground water systems near Haditha in Iraq.

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Uegitglanis zammaranoi

Uegitglanis zammaranoi is the only species of catfish (order Siluriformes) in the genus Uegitglanis of the family Clariidae.

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Underground lake

An underground lake or subterranean lake is a lake under the surface of the Earth.

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Undescribed taxon

In taxonomy, an undescribed taxon is a taxon (for example, a species) that has been discovered, but not yet formally described and named.

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Viviparous brotula

The viviparous brotulas form a family, the Bythitidae, of ophidiiform fishes.

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Water extraction

Water extraction is the process of taking water from any source, either temporarily or permanently, for flood control or to obtain water for, for example, irrigation.

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Waterfall climbing cave fish

The waterfall climbing cave fish (Cryptotora thamicola), also known as the cave angel fish, is a species of troglobitic hillstream loach endemic to Thailand.

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West Virginia

West Virginia is a state located in the Appalachian region of the Southern United States.

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Western New Guinea

Western New Guinea, also known as Papua (formerly Irian Jaya) and West Papua, is the part of the island of New Guinea (also known as Papua) annexed by Indonesia in 1962.

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Widemouth blindcat

The widemouth blindcat (Satan eurystomus) is a species of North American freshwater catfish endemic to Texas in the United States.

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Redirects here:

Cave Fish, Cave fish, Cave-fish, Cavefishes, Hypogean fish, Phreatic fish, Stygobitic fish, Subterranean fish, Troglobitic fish, Troglomorphic fish.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavefish

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