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194 relations: Accretion disk, Active galactic nucleus, Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics, Aldebaran, Alpha Trianguli Australis, Angular momentum, Antennae Galaxies, Apus, Aquila (constellation), Arcturus, Astronomical object, Astronomical radio source, Astrophysical X-ray source, Aurora, Be/X-ray binary, Betelgeuse, Binary star, Black hole, Boötes, Bremsstrahlung, Brown dwarf, Carina (constellation), Cartwheel Galaxy, Cassiopeia (constellation), Cataclysmic variable star, Celestial sphere, Chamaeleon, Chandra, Chandra X-ray Observatory, Chromosphere, Chuo University, Circinus X-1, Comet Lulin, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, Compton scattering, Constellation, Convection, Corona, Corona Borealis, Coronal cloud, Coronal loop, Cosmic dust, Crab Nebula, Cyclotron radiation, Cygnus X-3, Dark matter, Declination, Density, Doppler effect, Dynamo theory, ..., Earth, Earth's magnetic field, Einstein Observatory, Electromagnetic radiation, Electronvolt, Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope, Eta Carinae, European Space Agency, Event horizon, EXOSAT, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Fluorescence, Galactic Center, Galaxy, Galaxy cluster, Gamma Crucis, Gamma ray, Giant star, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, H II region, Helium, Hercules X-1, Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, Hydrogen, Intermediate spiral galaxy, International Astronomical Union, International System of Units, Ion, Ionosphere, John Flamsteed, Jupiter, Kinetic energy, Large Magellanic Cloud, Leo Minor, Light-year, Lightning, Local Bubble, Local Interstellar Cloud, Lockman Hole, LS I +61 303, Luminosity, M82 X-1, Magnetar, Magnetic field, Magnetism, Magnetosphere, Main sequence, McGill University, Messier 87, Microquasar, Milky Way, Moon, Musca, NASA, Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, Neutron star, NGC 1128, NGC 4151, NGC 7318, NGC 7319, Nuclear fusion, Orion (constellation), Orion–Eridanus Superbubble, Planet, Planetary nebula, Polar (satellite), Potential well, Pulsar, Puppis A, Quasar, Radio wave, Ranger 3, Ranger 5, Red dwarf, Red giant, Red supergiant star, Right ascension, Robert C. Duncan (astrophysicist), ROSAT, Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, Sagittarius A, Sagittarius A*, Scorpius, Scorpius X-1, Seyfert galaxy, SGR 1900+14, Shock wave, Shocks and discontinuities (magnetohydrodynamics), Solar cycle, Solar mass, Solar System, Solar transition region, Special relativity, Spectral line, SS 433, Star, Star formation, Star system, Statistical significance, Stellar classification, Stellar wind, Stellar-wind bubble, Sun, Sunspot, Super soft X-ray source, Superbubble, Supergiant star, Supermassive black hole, Supernova, Supernova remnant, Suzaku (satellite), Synchrotron radiation, Thermal radiation, Time dilation, TRACE, Type Ia supernova, Uhuru (satellite), Ultraluminous X-ray source, Ultraviolet, Universe, University of Maryland, College Park, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, Ursa Major, Vela X-1, Venera 11, Venera 12, Venus, Victoria Kaspi, Virial theorem, W50 (nebula), Watt, White dwarf, X-ray, X-ray background, X-ray binary, X-ray telescope, X-ray transient, XMM-Newton, Yohkoh, 3 Cassiopeiae, 3C 295, 3C 75. Expand index (144 more) »
Accretion disk
An accretion disk is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffused material in orbital motion around a massive central body.
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Active galactic nucleus
An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the center of a galaxy that has a much higher than normal luminosity over at least some portion—and possibly all—of the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that the excess luminosity is not produced by stars.
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Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics
The Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA, formerly named ASTRO-D) was the fourth cosmic X-ray astronomy mission by JAXA, and the second for which the United States provided part of the scientific payload.
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Aldebaran
Aldebaran, designated Alpha Tauri (α Tauri, abbreviated Alpha Tau, α Tau), is an orange giant star located about 65 light-years from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Taurus.
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Alpha Trianguli Australis
Alpha Trianguli Australis (α Trianguli Australis, abbreviated Alpha TrA, α TrA), also named Atria, is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Triangulum Australe, forming an apex of a triangle with Beta and Gamma Trianguli Australis that gives the constellation its name (Latin for southern triangle).
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Angular momentum
In physics, angular momentum (rarely, moment of momentum or rotational momentum) is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum.
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Antennae Galaxies
The Antennae Galaxies, also known as NGC 4038/NGC 4039, are a pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Corvus.
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Apus
Apus is a small constellation in the southern sky.
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Aquila (constellation)
Aquila is a constellation on the celestial equator.
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Arcturus
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Astronomical object
An astronomical object or celestial object is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists in the observable universe.
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Astronomical radio source
Astronomical radio sources are objects in outer space that emit strong radio waves.
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Astrophysical X-ray source
Astrophysical X-ray sources are astronomical objects with physical properties which result in the emission of X-rays.
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Aurora
An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), sometimes referred to as polar lights, northern lights (aurora borealis) or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic).
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Be/X-ray binary
Be/X-ray binaries (BeXRBs) are a class of high-mass X-ray binaries that consist of a Be star and a neutron star.
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Betelgeuse
Betelgeuse, also designated Alpha Orionis (α Orionis, abbreviated Alpha Ori, α Ori), is the ninth-brightest star in the night sky and second-brightest in the constellation of Orion.
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Binary star
A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common barycenter.
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Black hole
A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing—not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from inside it.
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Boötes
Boötes is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere.
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Bremsstrahlung
Bremsstrahlung, from bremsen "to brake" and Strahlung "radiation"; i.e., "braking radiation" or "deceleration radiation", is electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle when deflected by another charged particle, typically an electron by an atomic nucleus.
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Brown dwarf
Brown dwarfs are substellar objects that occupy the mass range between the heaviest gas giant planets and the lightest stars, having masses between approximately 13 to 75–80 times that of Jupiter, or approximately to about.
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Carina (constellation)
Carina is a constellation in the southern sky.
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Cartwheel Galaxy
The Cartwheel Galaxy (also known as ESO 350-40) is a lenticular galaxy and ring galaxy about 500 million light-years away in the constellation Sculptor.
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Cassiopeia (constellation)
Cassiopeia is a constellation in the northern sky, named after the vain queen Cassiopeia in Greek mythology, who boasted about her unrivalled beauty.
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Cataclysmic variable star
Cataclysmic variable stars (CV) are stars which irregularly increase in brightness by a large factor, then drop back down to a quiescent state.
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Celestial sphere
In astronomy and navigation, the celestial sphere is an abstract sphere with an arbitrarily large radius concentric to Earth.
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Chamaeleon
Chamaeleon is a small constellation in the southern sky.
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Chandra
Chandra (चन्द्र, IAST: Candra, lit. "shining" or "moon")Graha Sutras By Ernst Wilhelm, Published by Kala Occult Publishers p.51 is a lunar deity and is also one of the nine planets (Navagraha) in Hinduism.
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Chandra X-ray Observatory
The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), previously known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), is a Flagship-class space observatory launched on STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999.
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Chromosphere
The chromosphere (literally, "sphere of color") is the second of the three main layers in the Sun's atmosphere and is roughly 3,000 to 5,000 kilometers deep.
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Chuo University
, commonly referred to as or, is a private flagship research university in Tokyo, Japan.
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Circinus X-1
Circinus X-1 is an X-ray binary star system that includes a neutron star.
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Comet Lulin
Comet Lulin (official designation C/2007 N3 (Lulin), Traditional Chinese:鹿林彗星) is a non-periodic comet.
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Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) was a space observatory detecting photons with energies from 20 keV to 30 GeV, in Earth orbit from 1991 to 2000.
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Compton scattering
Compton scattering, discovered by Arthur Holly Compton, is the scattering of a photon by a charged particle, usually an electron.
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Constellation
A constellation is a group of stars that are considered to form imaginary outlines or meaningful patterns on the celestial sphere, typically representing animals, mythological people or gods, mythological creatures, or manufactured devices.
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Convection
Convection is the heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids such as gases and liquids, including molten rock (rheid).
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Corona
A corona (Latin, 'crown') is an aura of plasma that surrounds the Sun and other stars.
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Corona Borealis
Corona Borealis is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere.
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Coronal cloud
A coronal cloud is the cloud of hot plasma gas surrounding a coronal mass ejection.
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Coronal loop
Coronal loops form the basic structure of the lower corona and transition region of the Sun.
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Cosmic dust
Cosmic dust, also called extraterrestrial dust or space dust, is dust which exists in outer space, as well as all over planet Earth.
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Crab Nebula
The Crab Nebula (catalogue designations M1, NGC 1952, Taurus A) is a supernova remnant in the constellation of Taurus.
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Cyclotron radiation
Cyclotron radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted by accelerating charged particles deflected by a magnetic field.
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Cygnus X-3
Cygnus X-3 is one of the stronger binary X-ray sources in the sky.
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Dark matter
Dark matter is a theorized form of matter that is thought to account for approximately 80% of the matter in the universe, and about a quarter of its total energy density.
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Declination
In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.
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Density
The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume.
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Doppler effect
The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to observer who is moving relative to the wave source.
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Dynamo theory
In physics, the dynamo theory proposes a mechanism by which a celestial body such as Earth or a star generates a magnetic field.
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Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
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Earth's magnetic field
Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from the Earth's interior out into space, where it meets the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun.
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Einstein Observatory
Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) was the first fully imaging X-ray telescope put into space and the second of NASA's three High Energy Astrophysical Observatories.
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Electromagnetic radiation
In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.
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Electronvolt
In physics, the electronvolt (symbol eV, also written electron-volt and electron volt) is a unit of energy equal to approximately joules (symbol J).
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Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope
The Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) was one of four instruments outfitted on NASA’s Compton Gamma Ray Observatory satellite.
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Eta Carinae
Eta Carinae (η Carinae, abbreviated to η Car), formerly known as Eta Argus, is a stellar system containing at least two stars with a combined luminosity greater than five million times that of the Sun, located around 7,500 light-years (2,300 parsecs) distant in the constellation Carina.
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European Space Agency
The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.
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Event horizon
In general relativity, an event horizon is a region in spacetime beyond which events cannot affect an outside observer.
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EXOSAT
The European X-ray Observatory Satellite (EXOSAT), originally named HELOS, was an X-ray telescope operational from May 1983 until April 1986 and in that time made 1780 observations in the X-ray band of most classes of astronomical object including active galactic nuclei, stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables, white dwarfs, X-ray binaries, clusters of galaxies, and supernova remnants.
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Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST), formerly called the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST), is a space observatory being used to perform gamma-ray astronomy observations from low Earth orbit.
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Fluorescence
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
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Galactic Center
The Galactic Center is the rotational center of the Milky Way.
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Galaxy
A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.
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Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity with typical masses ranging from 1014–1015 solar masses.
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Gamma Crucis
Gamma Crucis (γ Crucis, abbreviated Gamma Cru, γ Cru), also named Gacrux, is the nearest M-Giant star to the Sun.
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Gamma ray
A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.
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Giant star
A giant star is a star with substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature.
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Goddard Space Flight Center
The Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is a major NASA space research laboratory located approximately northeast of Washington, D.C. in Greenbelt, Maryland, United States.
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Greenbelt, Maryland
Greenbelt is a city in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States.
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H II region
An H II region or HII region is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Hercules X-1
Hercules X-1 (Her X-1), also known as 4U1656+35, is a moderately strong X-ray binary source first studied by the Uhuru satellite.
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Hertzsprung–Russell diagram
The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, abbreviated H–R diagram, HR diagram or HRD, is a scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities versus their stellar classifications or effective temperatures.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Intermediate spiral galaxy
An intermediate spiral galaxy is a galaxy that is in between the classifications of a barred spiral galaxy and an unbarred spiral galaxy.
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International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is an international association of professional astronomers, at the PhD level and beyond, active in professional research and education in astronomy.
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International System of Units
The International System of Units (SI, abbreviated from the French Système international (d'unités)) is the modern form of the metric system, and is the most widely used system of measurement.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Ionosphere
The ionosphere is the ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere, from about to altitude, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.
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John Flamsteed
John Flamsteed FRS (19 August 1646 – 31 December 1719) was an English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal.
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Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.
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Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.
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Large Magellanic Cloud
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
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Leo Minor
Leo Minor is a small and faint constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere.
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Light-year
The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and measures about 9.5 trillion kilometres or 5.9 trillion miles.
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Lightning
Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge that occurs typically during a thunderstorm.
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Local Bubble
The Local Bubble, or Local Cavity, is a relative cavity in the interstellar medium (ISM) in the Orion Arm of the Milky Way.
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Local Interstellar Cloud
The Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC), also known as the Local Fluff, is the interstellar cloud roughly across through which the Solar System is currently moving.
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Lockman Hole
The Lockman Hole is an area of the sky in which minimal amounts of neutral hydrogen gas are observed.
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LS I +61 303
LS I +61 303 is a microquasar, a binary system containing a massive star and a compact object.
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Luminosity
In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of energy emitted per unit of time by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object.
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M82 X-1
M82 X-1 is an ultra-luminous X-ray source located in the galaxy M82.
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Magnetar
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful inferred magnetic field (\sim 10^ - 10^ G).
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Magnetic field
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence of electrical currents and magnetized materials.
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Magnetism
Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields.
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Magnetosphere
A magnetosphere is the region of space surrounding an astronomical object in which charged particles are manipulated or affected by that object's magnetic field.
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Main sequence
In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness.
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McGill University
McGill University is a public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Messier 87
Messier 87 (also known as Virgo A or NGC 4486, generally abbreviated to M87) is a supergiant elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo.
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Microquasar
A microquasar, the smaller version of a quasar, is a compact region surrounding a black hole with a mass several times that of our sun, and its companion star.
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Milky Way
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.
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Moon
The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.
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Musca
Musca is a small constellation in the deep southern sky.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory
The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, previously called the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, is a NASA space telescope designed to detect gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).
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Neutron star
A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.
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NGC 1128
NGC 1128 is a "dumbbell galaxy" in the Abell 400 galaxy cluster.
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NGC 4151
NGC 4151 is an intermediate spiral Seyfert galaxy with weak inner ring structure located from Earth in the constellation Canes Venatici.
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NGC 7318
NGC 7318 (also known as UGC 12099/UGC 12100 or HCG 92d/b) are a pair of colliding galaxies about 300 million light-years from Earth.
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NGC 7319
NGC 7319 is a highly distorted barred spiral galaxy that is a member of the Stephan's Quintet located in the constellation Pegasus.
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Nuclear fusion
In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).
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Orion (constellation)
Orion is a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world.
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Orion–Eridanus Superbubble
The Orion–Eridanus Superbubble, or Eridanus Soft X-ray Enhancement is a superbubble located west of the Orion Nebula.
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Planet
A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.
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Planetary nebula
A planetary nebula, abbreviated as PN or plural PNe, is a type of emission nebula consisting of an expanding, glowing shell of ionized gas ejected from red giant stars late in their lives.
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Polar (satellite)
The Global Geospace Science (GGS) Polar Satellite was a NASA science spacecraft designed to study the polar magnetosphere and aurora.
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Potential well
A potential well is the region surrounding a local minimum of potential energy.
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Pulsar
A pulsar (from pulse and -ar as in quasar) is a highly magnetized rotating neutron star or white dwarf that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation.
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Puppis A
Puppis A (Pup A) is a supernova remnant (SNR) about 100 lightyears in diameter and roughly 6500–7000 lightyears distant.
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Quasar
A quasar (also known as a QSO or quasi-stellar object) is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN).
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Radio wave
Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light.
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Ranger 3
Ranger 3 was a space exploration mission conducted by NASA to study the Moon.
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Ranger 5
Ranger 5 was a spacecraft of the Ranger program designed to transmit pictures of the lunar surface to Earth stations during a period of 10 minutes of flight prior to impacting on the Moon, to rough-land a seismometer capsule on the Moon, to collect gamma-ray data in flight, to study radar reflectivity of the lunar surface, and to continue testing of the Ranger program for development of lunar and interplanetary spacecraft.
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Red dwarf
A red dwarf (or M dwarf) is a small and relatively cool star on the main sequence, of M spectral type.
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Red giant
A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0.3–8 solar masses) in a late phase of stellar evolution.
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Red supergiant star
Red supergiants are stars with a supergiant luminosity class (Yerkes class I) of spectral type K or M. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of volume, although they are not the most massive or luminous.
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Right ascension
Right ascension (abbreviated RA; symbol) is the angular distance measured only eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun at the March equinox to the (hour circle of the) point above the earth in question.
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Robert C. Duncan (astrophysicist)
Robert Duncan is an astrophysicist at the University of Texas at Austin.
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ROSAT
ROSAT (short for Röntgensatellit, in German X-rays are called Röntgenstrahlen, in honour of Wilhelm Röntgen) was a German Aerospace Center-led satellite X-ray telescope, with instruments built by West Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.
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Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) was a satellite that observed the time variation of astronomical X-ray sources, named after physicist Bruno Rossi.
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Sagittarius A
Sagittarius A or Sgr A is a complex radio source at the center of the Milky Way.
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Sagittarius A*
Sagittarius A* (pronounced "Sagittarius A-star", standard abbreviation Sgr A*) is a bright and very compact astronomical radio source at the center of the Milky Way, near the border of the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius.
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Scorpius
Scorpius is one of the constellations of the zodiac.
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Scorpius X-1
Scorpius X-1 is an X-ray source located roughly 9000 light years away in the constellation Scorpius.
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Seyfert galaxy
Seyfert galaxies are one of the two largest groups of active galaxies, along with quasars.
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SGR 1900+14
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Shock wave
In physics, a shock wave (also spelled shockwave), or shock, is a type of propagating disturbance.
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Shocks and discontinuities (magnetohydrodynamics)
Shocks and discontinuities are transition layers where the plasma properties change from one equilibrium state to another.
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Solar cycle
The solar cycle or solar magnetic activity cycle is the nearly periodic 11-year change in the Sun's activity (including changes in the levels of solar radiation and ejection of solar material) and appearance (changes in the number and size of sunspots, flares, and other manifestations).
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Solar mass
The solar mass is a standard unit of mass in astronomy, equal to approximately.
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Solar System
The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.
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Solar transition region
The solar transition region is a region of the Sun's atmosphere, between the chromosphere and corona.
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Special relativity
In physics, special relativity (SR, also known as the special theory of relativity or STR) is the generally accepted and experimentally well-confirmed physical theory regarding the relationship between space and time.
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Spectral line
A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies.
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SS 433
SS 433 is one of the most exotic star systems observed.
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Star
A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.
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Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space, sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions", collapse and form stars.
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Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction.
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Statistical significance
In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis.
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Stellar classification
In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics.
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Stellar wind
A stellar wind is a flow of gas ejected from the upper atmosphere of a star.
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Stellar-wind bubble
Stellar-wind bubble is a cavity light years across filled with hot gas blown into the interstellar medium by the high-velocity (several thousand km/s) stellar wind from a single massive star of type O or B. Weaker stellar winds also blow bubble structures, which are also called astrospheres.
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Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
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Sunspot
Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the Sun's photosphere that appear as spots darker than the surrounding areas.
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Super soft X-ray source
A luminous supersoft X-ray source (SSXS, or SSS) is an astronomical source that emits only low energy (i.e., soft) X-rays.
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Superbubble
A superbubble or supershell is a cavity which is hundreds of light years across as is populated with hot (106 K) gas atoms, less dense than the surrounding interstellar medium, blown against that medium and carved out by multiple supernovae and stellar winds.
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Supergiant star
Supergiants are among the most massive and most luminous stars.
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Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or SBH) is the largest type of black hole, on the order of hundreds of thousands to billions of solar masses, and is found in the centre of almost all currently known massive galaxies.
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Supernova
A supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas, abbreviations: SN and SNe) is a transient astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a star's life, either a massive star or a white dwarf, whose destruction is marked by one final, titanic explosion.
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Supernova remnant
A supernova remnant (SNR) is the structure resulting from the explosion of a star in a supernova.
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Suzaku (satellite)
Suzaku (formerly ASTRO-EII) was an X-ray astronomy satellite developed jointly by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science at JAXA to probe high energy X-ray sources, such as supernova explosions, black holes and galactic clusters.
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Synchrotron radiation
Synchrotron radiation (also known as magnetobremsstrahlung radiation) is the electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles are accelerated radially, i.e., when they are subject to an acceleration perpendicular to their velocity.
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Thermal radiation
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of charged particles in matter.
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Time dilation
According to the theory of relativity, time dilation is a difference in the elapsed time measured by two observers, either due to a velocity difference relative to each other, or by being differently situated relative to a gravitational field.
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TRACE
Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) was a NASA heliophysics and solar observatory designed to investigate the connections between fine-scale magnetic fields and the associated plasma structures on the Sun by providing high resolution images and observation of the solar photosphere, the transition region, and the corona.
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Type Ia supernova
A type Ia supernova (read "type one-a") is a type of supernova that occurs in binary systems (two stars orbiting one another) in which one of the stars is a white dwarf.
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Uhuru (satellite)
Uhuru was the first satellite launched specifically for the purpose of X-ray astronomy.
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Ultraluminous X-ray source
An ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) is an astronomical source of X-rays that is less luminous than an active galactic nucleus but is more consistently luminous than any known stellar process (over 1039 erg/s, or 1032 watts), assuming that it radiates isotropically (the same in all directions).
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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Universe
The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.
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University of Maryland, College Park
The University of Maryland, College Park (commonly referred to as the University of Maryland, UMD, or simply Maryland) is a public research university located in the city of College Park in Prince George's County, Maryland, approximately from the northeast border of Washington, D.C. Founded in 1856, the university is the flagship institution of the University System of Maryland.
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University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (UM, U-M, U of M, or UMich), often simply referred to as Michigan, is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (often referred to as the University of Minnesota, Minnesota, the U of M, UMN, or simply the U) is a public research university in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota.
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Ursa Major
Ursa Major (also known as the Great Bear) is a constellation in the northern sky, whose associated mythology likely dates back into prehistory.
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Vela X-1
Vela X-1 is a pulsing, eclipsing high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) system, associated with the Uhuru source 4U 0900-40 and the supergiant star HD 77581.
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Venera 11
The Venera 11 (Венера-11 meaning Venus 11) was a Soviet unmanned space mission part of the Venera program to explore the planet Venus.
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Venera 12
The Venera 12 (Венера-12 meaning Venus 12) was a Soviet unmanned space mission to explore the planet Venus.
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Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
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Victoria Kaspi
Victoria Michelle "Vicky" Kaspi (born June 30, 1967) is an American-Canadian astrophysicist and a professor at McGill University.
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Virial theorem
In mechanics, the virial theorem provides a general equation that relates the average over time of the total kinetic energy, \left\langle T \right\rangle, of a stable system consisting of N particles, bound by potential forces, with that of the total potential energy, \left\langle V_\text \right\rangle, where angle brackets represent the average over time of the enclosed quantity.
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W50 (nebula)
W50 or SNR G039.7-02.0, once referred to as the Manatee Nebula, is a Supernova remnant located in the constellation Aquila, about 18,000 light years away.
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Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.
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White dwarf
A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar core remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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X-ray background
The observed X-ray background is thought to result from, at the "soft" end (below 0.3 keV), galactic X-ray emission, the "galactic" X-ray background, and, at the "hard" end (above 0.3keV), from a combination of many unresolved X-ray sources outside of the Milky Way, the "cosmic" X-ray background (CXB).
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X-ray binary
X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays.
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X-ray telescope
An X-ray telescope (XRT) is a telescope that is designed to observe remote objects in the X-ray spectrum.
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X-ray transient
X-ray emission occurs from many celestial objects.
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XMM-Newton
XMM-Newton, also known as the High Throughput X-ray Spectroscopy Mission and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission, is an X-ray space observatory launched by the European Space Agency in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket.
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Yohkoh
Yohkoh (ようこう, Sunbeam in Japanese), known before launch as Solar-A, was a Solar observatory spacecraft of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan), in collaboration with space agencies in the United States and the United Kingdom. It was launched into Earth orbit on August 30, 1991 by the M-3S-5 rocket from Kagoshima Space Center. It took its first soft X-ray image on September 13, 1991 21:53:40, and movie representations of the X-ray corona over 1991-2001 are available at the.
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3 Cassiopeiae
3 Cassiopeiae (3 Cas) is an unidentified star in the Cassiopeia constellation catalogued by English astronomer John Flamsteed.
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3C 295
3C 295 is a narrow-line radio galaxy located in the constellation of Boötes.
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3C 75
3C75 (a.k.a. 3C 75) is a binary black hole system in the Abell 400 cluster of galaxies.
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Redirects here:
Astronomical X-ray source, Astronomical X-ray sources, Celestial X-ray source, Diffuse X-ray background, TWA 5B (Star), X-ray astrophysical sources.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysical_X-ray_source
