Table of Contents
187 relations: Accessory nerve, Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Adrenoleukodystrophy, Afferent nerve fiber, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Alertness, Allometry, ALS, Alzheimer's disease, American College of Radiology, Amygdala, Anatomical terminology, Animal echolocation, Arousal, Arthropod, Astrocyte, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autism, Autoimmune disease, Axon, Balance (ability), Basal ganglia, Bilateria, Blood pressure, Blood vessel, Blood–brain barrier, Brachial plexus, Brain, Brain tumor, Brain vesicle, Brainstem, Breathing, Capillary, Cell membrane, Cephalopod, Cerebellum, Cerebral aqueduct, Cerebral cortex, Cerebral hemisphere, Cerebral peduncle, Cerebrospinal fluid, Cerebrum, Chordate, Coelenterata, Cognition, Commissural fiber, Corpus callosum, Cortex (anatomy), Cranial cavity, Cranial nerves, ... Expand index (137 more) »
Accessory nerve
The accessory nerve, also known as the eleventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve XI, or simply CN XI, is a cranial nerve that supplies the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
See Central nervous system and Accessory nerve
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), or acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, is a rare autoimmune disease marked by a sudden, widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a disease linked to the X chromosome.
See Central nervous system and Adrenoleukodystrophy
Afferent nerve fiber
Afferent nerve fibers are axons (nerve fibers) of sensory neurons that carry sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Afferent nerve fiber
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ; pronounced "ark" by initiates and often "A-H-R-Q" by the public) is one of twelve agencies within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
See Central nervous system and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Alertness
Alertness is a state of active attention characterized by high sensory awareness.
See Central nervous system and Alertness
Allometry
Allometry (Ancient Greek "other", "measurement") is the study of the relationship of body size to shape, anatomy, physiology and behaviour, first outlined by Otto Snell in 1892, by D'Arcy Thompson in 1917 in On Growth and Form and by Julian Huxley in 1932.
See Central nervous system and Allometry
ALS
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig's disease in the United States, is a rare, terminal neurodegenerative disorder that results in the progressive loss of both upper and lower motor neurons that normally control voluntary muscle contraction.
See Central nervous system and ALS
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens, and is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia.
See Central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease
American College of Radiology
The American College of Radiology (ACR), founded in 1923, is a professional medical society representing nearly 40,000 diagnostic radiologists, radiation oncologists, interventional radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians and medical physicists.
See Central nervous system and American College of Radiology
Amygdala
The amygdala (amygdalae or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil') is a paired nuclear complex present in the cerebral hemispheres of vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Amygdala
Anatomical terminology
Anatomical terminology is a form of scientific terminology used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals such as doctors, physicians, and pharmacists.
See Central nervous system and Anatomical terminology
Animal echolocation
Echolocation, also called bio sonar, is a biological active sonar used by several animal groups, both in the air and underwater.
See Central nervous system and Animal echolocation
Arousal
Arousal is the physiological and psychological state of being awoken or of sense organs stimulated to a point of perception.
See Central nervous system and Arousal
Arthropod
Arthropods are invertebrates in the phylum Arthropoda.
See Central nervous system and Arthropod
Astrocyte
Astrocytes (from Ancient Greek,, "star" and,, "cavity", "cell"), also known collectively as astroglia, are characteristic star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Astrocyte
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by executive dysfunction occasioning symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and otherwise age-inappropriate.
See Central nervous system and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Autism
Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive and inflexible patterns of behavior that are impairing in multiple contexts and excessive or atypical to be developmentally and socioculturally inappropriate.
See Central nervous system and Autism
Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition that results from an anomalous response of the adaptive immune system, wherein it mistakenly targets and attacks healthy, functioning parts of the body as if they were foreign organisms.
See Central nervous system and Autoimmune disease
Axon
An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis) or nerve fiber (or nerve fibre: see spelling differences) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body.
See Central nervous system and Axon
Balance (ability)
Balance in biomechanics, is an ability to maintain the line of gravity (vertical line from centre of mass) of a body within the base of support with minimal postural sway.
See Central nervous system and Balance (ability)
Basal ganglia
The basal ganglia (BG) or basal nuclei are a group of subcortical nuclei found in the brains of vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Basal ganglia
Bilateria
Bilateria is a large clade or infrakingdom of animals called bilaterians, characterized by bilateral symmetry (i.e. having a left and a right side that are mirror images of each other) during embryonic development.
See Central nervous system and Bilateria
Blood pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels.
See Central nervous system and Blood pressure
Blood vessel
Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body.
See Central nervous system and Blood vessel
Blood–brain barrier
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that regulates the transfer of solutes and chemicals between the circulatory system and the central nervous system, thus protecting the brain from harmful or unwanted substances in the blood.
See Central nervous system and Blood–brain barrier
Brachial plexus
The brachial plexus is a network of nerves (nerve plexus) formed by the anterior rami of the lower four cervical nerves and first thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1).
See Central nervous system and Brachial plexus
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. Central nervous system and brain are Neuroscience.
See Central nervous system and Brain
Brain tumor
A brain tumor occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain.
See Central nervous system and Brain tumor
Brain vesicle
Brain vesicles are the bulge-like enlargements of the early development of the neural tube in vertebrates, which eventually give rise to the brain.
See Central nervous system and Brain vesicle
Brainstem
The brainstem (or brain stem) is the stalk-like part of the brain that connects the forebrain (the cerebrum and diencephalon) with the spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Brainstem
Breathing
Breathing (spiration or ventilation) is the rhythmical process of moving air into (inhalation) and out of (exhalation) the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly to flush out carbon dioxide and bring in oxygen.
See Central nervous system and Breathing
Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system.
See Central nervous system and Capillary
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
See Central nervous system and Cell membrane
Cephalopod
A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda (Greek plural κεφαλόποδες,; "head-feet") such as a squid, octopus, cuttlefish, or nautilus.
See Central nervous system and Cephalopod
Cerebellum
The cerebellum (cerebella or cerebellums; Latin for "little brain") is a major feature of the hindbrain of all vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Cerebellum
Cerebral aqueduct
The cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of the midbrain, aqueduct of Sylvius, sylvian aqueduct, mesencephalic duct) is a narrow conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) connecting the third ventricle and fourth ventricle of the ventricular system of the brain.
See Central nervous system and Cerebral aqueduct
Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.
See Central nervous system and Cerebral cortex
Cerebral hemisphere
The vertebrate cerebrum (brain) is formed by two cerebral hemispheres that are separated by a groove, the longitudinal fissure.
See Central nervous system and Cerebral hemisphere
Cerebral peduncle
The cerebral peduncles (In Latin, ped- means 'foot'.) are the two stalks that attach the cerebrum to the brainstem.
See Central nervous system and Cerebral peduncle
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrum
The cerebrum (cerebra), telencephalon or endbrain is the largest part of the brain containing the cerebral cortex (of the two cerebral hemispheres), as well as several subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulb.
See Central nervous system and Cerebrum
Chordate
A chordate is a deuterostomic animal belonging to the phylum Chordata. All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.
See Central nervous system and Chordate
Coelenterata
Coelenterata is a term encompassing the animal phyla Cnidaria (coral animals, true jellies, sea anemones, sea pens, and their relatives) and Ctenophora (comb jellies).
See Central nervous system and Coelenterata
Cognition
Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses". Central nervous system and Cognition are Neuroscience.
See Central nervous system and Cognition
Commissural fiber
The commissural fibers or transverse fibers are axons that connect the two hemispheres of the brain.
See Central nervous system and Commissural fiber
Corpus callosum
The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick nerve tract, consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain.
See Central nervous system and Corpus callosum
Cortex (anatomy)
In anatomy and zoology, the cortex (cortices) is the outermost (or superficial) layer of an organ.
See Central nervous system and Cortex (anatomy)
Cranial cavity
The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull that accommodates the brain.
See Central nervous system and Cranial cavity
Cranial nerves
Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs.
See Central nervous system and Cranial nerves
Diencephalon
In the human brain, the diencephalon (or interbrain) is a division of the forebrain (embryonic prosencephalon).
See Central nervous system and Diencephalon
Dolphin
A dolphin is an aquatic mammal in the clade Odontoceti (toothed whale).
See Central nervous system and Dolphin
Dorsal body cavity
The dorsal body cavity is located along the dorsal (posterior) surface of the human body, where it is subdivided into the cranial cavity housing the brain and the spinal cavity housing the spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Dorsal body cavity
Dorsal nerve cord
The dorsal nerve cord is an anatomical feature found in chordate animals, mainly in the subphyla Vertebrata and Cephalochordata, as well as in some hemichordates.
See Central nervous system and Dorsal nerve cord
Echidna
Echidnas, sometimes known as spiny anteaters, are quill-covered monotremes (egg-laying mammals) belonging to the family Tachyglossidae, living in Australia and New Guinea.
See Central nervous system and Echidna
Efferent nerve fiber
Efferent nerve fibers are the axons of efferent neurons that exit a particular region.
See Central nervous system and Efferent nerve fiber
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.
See Central nervous system and Encephalitis
Endocast
An endocast is the internal cast of a hollow object, often referring to the cranial vault in the study of brain development in humans and other organisms.
See Central nervous system and Endocast
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures.
See Central nervous system and Epilepsy
Epithalamus
The epithalamus (epithalami) is a posterior (dorsal) segment of the diencephalon.
See Central nervous system and Epithalamus
Essential tremor
Essential tremor (ET), also called benign tremor, familial tremor, and idiopathic tremor, is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause.
See Central nervous system and Essential tremor
Eutheria
Eutheria (from Greek εὐ-, 'good, right' and θηρίον, 'beast'), also called Pan-Placentalia, is the clade consisting of placental mammals and all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials.
See Central nervous system and Eutheria
Extracellular fluid
In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism.
See Central nervous system and Extracellular fluid
Face
The face is the front of an animal's head that features the eyes, nose and mouth, and through which animals express many of their emotions.
See Central nervous system and Face
Flatworm
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, platy, meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), helminth-, meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Flatworm
Foramen magnum
The foramen magnum (great hole) is a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull.
See Central nervous system and Foramen magnum
Forebrain
In the anatomy of the brain of vertebrates, the forebrain or prosencephalon is the rostral (forward-most) portion of the brain.
See Central nervous system and Forebrain
Fourth ventricle
The fourth ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled cavities within the human brain.
See Central nervous system and Fourth ventricle
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
See Central nervous system and Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Ganglion
A ganglion (ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Ganglion
Gastropoda
Gastropods, commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda.
See Central nervous system and Gastropoda
Glia
Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses.
See Central nervous system and Glia
Gliosis
Gliosis is a nonspecific reactive change of glial cells in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS).
See Central nervous system and Gliosis
Grey matter
Grey matter, or brain matter in American English, is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries.
See Central nervous system and Grey matter
Gyrus
In neuroanatomy, a gyrus (gyri) is a ridge on the cerebral cortex.
See Central nervous system and Gyrus
Haikouichthys
Haikouichthys is an extinct genus of craniate (animals with notochords and distinct heads) that lived 518 million years ago, during the Cambrian explosion of multicellular life.
See Central nervous system and Haikouichthys
Hearing
Hearing, or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive sounds through an organ, such as an ear, by detecting vibrations as periodic changes in the pressure of a surrounding medium.
See Central nervous system and Hearing
Heart
The heart is a muscular organ found in most animals.
See Central nervous system and Heart
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, rhombencephalon (shaped like a rhombus) or lower brain is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Hindbrain
Hippocampus
The hippocampus (hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse') is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Hippocampus
Hormone
A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior.
See Central nervous system and Hormone
Human brain
The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Human brain
Hunger
In politics, humanitarian aid, and the social sciences, hunger is defined as a condition in which a person does not have the physical or financial capability to eat sufficient food to meet basic nutritional needs for a sustained period.
See Central nervous system and Hunger
Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that is mostly inherited.
See Central nervous system and Huntington's disease
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus (hypothalami) is a small part of the vertebrate brain that contains a number of nuclei with a variety of functions.
See Central nervous system and Hypothalamus
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
See Central nervous system and Immune system
Kangaroo
Kangaroos are marsupials from the family Macropodidae (macropods, meaning "large foot").
See Central nervous system and Kangaroo
Koala
The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), sometimes called the koala bear, is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia.
See Central nervous system and Koala
Krabbe disease
Krabbe disease (KD) (also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy or galactosylceramide lipidosis) is a rare and often fatal lysosomal storage disease that results in progressive damage to the nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Krabbe disease
Lancelet
The lancelets, also known as amphioxi (amphioxus), consist of some 30 to 35 species of "fish-like" benthic filter feeding chordates in the subphylum Cephalochordata, class Leptocardii, and family Branchiostomatidae.
See Central nervous system and Lancelet
Lateral ventricles
The lateral ventricles are the two largest ventricles of the brain and contain cerebrospinal fluid.
See Central nervous system and Lateral ventricles
List of infections of the central nervous system
Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) consist of infections primarily of the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and List of infections of the central nervous system
Lumbar vertebrae
The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and pelvis.
See Central nervous system and Lumbar vertebrae
Macrophage
Macrophages (abbreviated Mφ, MΦ or MP) are a type of white blood cell of the innate immune system that engulf and digest pathogens, such as cancer cells, microbes, cellular debris, and foreign substances, which do not have proteins that are specific to healthy body cells on their surface.
See Central nervous system and Macrophage
Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
See Central nervous system and Mammal
Marsupial
Marsupials are a diverse group of mammals belonging to the infraclass Marsupialia.
See Central nervous system and Marsupial
Maternal bond
A maternal bond is the relationship between a biological mother/caregiver and her child or baby.
See Central nervous system and Maternal bond
Medical imaging
Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology).
See Central nervous system and Medical imaging
Medical specialty
A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy.
See Central nervous system and Medical specialty
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up the lower part of the brainstem.
See Central nervous system and Medulla oblongata
Meninges
In anatomy, the meninges (meninx) are the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Meninges
Metabolite
In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.
See Central nervous system and Metabolite
Metencephalon
The metencephalon is the embryonic part of the hindbrain that differentiates into the pons and the cerebellum.
See Central nervous system and Metencephalon
Microglia
Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Microglia
Midbrain
The midbrain or mesencephalon is the rostral-most portion of the brainstem connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum.
See Central nervous system and Midbrain
Migraine
Migraine is a genetically influenced complex neurological disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea and light and sound sensitivity.
See Central nervous system and Migraine
Monotreme
Monotremes are mammals of the order Monotremata.
See Central nervous system and Monotreme
Motivation
Motivation is an internal state that propels individuals to engage in goal-directed behavior.
See Central nervous system and Motivation
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.
See Central nervous system and Multiple sclerosis
Myelencephalon
The myelencephalon or afterbrain is the most posterior region of the embryonic hindbrain, from which the medulla oblongata develops.
See Central nervous system and Myelencephalon
Myelin
Myelin is a lipid-rich material that surrounds nerve cell axons (the nervous system's electrical wires) to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) pass along the axon.
See Central nervous system and Myelin
Neck
The neck is the part of the body on many vertebrates that connects the head with the torso.
See Central nervous system and Neck
Neocortex
The neocortex, also called the neopallium, isocortex, or the six-layered cortex, is a set of layers of the mammalian cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning and language.
See Central nervous system and Neocortex
Nerve
A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons) in the peripheral nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Nerve
Nerve tract
A nerve tract is a bundle of nerve fibers (axons) connecting nuclei of the central nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Nerve tract
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body. Central nervous system and nervous system are Neuroscience.
See Central nervous system and Nervous system
Nervous tissue
Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Nervous tissue
Neural fold
The neural fold is a structure that arises during neurulation in the embryonic development of both birds and mammals among other organisms.
See Central nervous system and Neural fold
Neural groove
The neural groove is a shallow median groove of the neural plate between the neural folds of an embryo.
See Central nervous system and Neural groove
Neural plate
In embryology, the neural plate is a key developmental structure that serves as the basis for the nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Neural plate
Neural stem cell
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia of the nervous system of all animals during embryonic development.
See Central nervous system and Neural stem cell
Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
See Central nervous system and Neural tube
Neuroblast
In vertebrates, a neuroblast or primitive nerve cell is a postmitotic cell that does not divide further, and which will develop into a neuron after a migration phase.
See Central nervous system and Neuroblast
Neurodegenerative disease
A neurodegenerative disease is caused by the progressive loss of neurons, in the process known as neurodegeneration.
See Central nervous system and Neurodegenerative disease
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, the neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSCs). This occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans. Types of NSCs include neuroepithelial cells (NECs), radial glial cells (RGCs), basal progenitors (BPs), intermediate neuronal precursors (INPs), subventricular zone astrocytes, and subgranular zone radial astrocytes, among others. Central nervous system and Neurogenesis are Neuroscience.
See Central nervous system and Neurogenesis
Neurological disorder
A neurological disorder is any disorder of the nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Neurological disorder
Neuron
A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Neuron
Neurotoxin
Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity).
See Central nervous system and Neurotoxin
Neurulation
Neurulation refers to the folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate into the neural tube.
See Central nervous system and Neurulation
Notochord
In zoology and developmental anatomy, the notochord is an elastic, rod-like anatomical structure found in many deuterostomal animals.
See Central nervous system and Notochord
Nucleus (neuroanatomy)
In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem.
See Central nervous system and Nucleus (neuroanatomy)
Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb (Latin: bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell.
See Central nervous system and Olfactory bulb
Olfactory epithelium
The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.
See Central nervous system and Olfactory epithelium
Olfactory nerve
The olfactory nerve, also known as the first cranial nerve, cranial nerve I, or simply CN I, is a cranial nerve that contains sensory nerve fibers relating to the sense of smell.
See Central nervous system and Olfactory nerve
Oligodendrocyte
Oligodendrocytes, also known as oligodendroglia, are a type of neuroglia whose main functions are to provide support and insulation to axons within the central nervous system (CNS) of jawed vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Oligodendrocyte
Onychophora
Onychophora (from ονυχής,, "claws"; and φέρειν,, "to carry"), commonly known as velvet worms (due to their velvety texture and somewhat wormlike appearance) or more ambiguously as peripatus (after the first described genus, Peripatus), is a phylum of elongate, soft-bodied, many-legged animals.
See Central nervous system and Onychophora
Opossum
Opossums are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia endemic to the Americas.
See Central nervous system and Opossum
Optic nerve
In neuroanatomy, the optic nerve, also known as the second cranial nerve, cranial nerve II, or simply CN II, is a paired cranial nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
See Central nervous system and Optic nerve
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term neurodegenerative disease of mainly the central nervous system that affects both the motor and non-motor systems of the body.
See Central nervous system and Parkinson's disease
Peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system (CNS). Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system are Neuroscience.
See Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system
Pineal gland
The pineal gland (also known as the pineal body or epiphysis cerebri) is a small endocrine gland in the brain of most vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Pineal gland
Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Pituitary gland
Placentalia
Placental mammals (infraclass Placentalia) are one of the three extant subdivisions of the class Mammalia, the other two being Monotremata and Marsupialia.
See Central nervous system and Placentalia
Planarian
Planarians (triclads) are free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria, order Tricladida, which includes hundreds of species, found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats.
See Central nervous system and Planarian
Platypus
The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), sometimes referred to as the duck-billed platypus, is a semiaquatic, egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania.
See Central nervous system and Platypus
Polio
Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.
See Central nervous system and Polio
Pons
The pons (pontes; from Latin pons, "bridge", from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s, “path, road”, from *pent-, “path”. Cognate with Sanskrit पन्था, pánthā-) is part of the brainstem that in humans and other mammals, lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum.
See Central nervous system and Pons
Pontine nuclei
The pontine nuclei (or griseum pontis) are all neurons of the ventral pons collectively.
See Central nervous system and Pontine nuclei
Positron emission tomography
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption.
See Central nervous system and Positron emission tomography
Pretectal area
In neuroanatomy, the pretectal area, or pretectum, is a midbrain structure composed of seven nuclei and comprises part of the subcortical visual system.
See Central nervous system and Pretectal area
Pupil
The pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina.
See Central nervous system and Pupil
Radial glial cell
Radial glial cells, or radial glial progenitor cells (RGPs), are bipolar-shaped progenitor cells that are responsible for producing all of the neurons in the cerebral cortex.
See Central nervous system and Radial glial cell
Reflex
In biology, a reflex, or reflex action, is an involuntary, unplanned sequence or action and nearly instantaneous response to a stimulus.
See Central nervous system and Reflex
Reticular formation
The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and other regions.
See Central nervous system and Reticular formation
Retina
The retina (or retinas) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
See Central nervous system and Retina
Rhinencephalon
In animal anatomy, the rhinencephalon (from the Greek, ῥίς, rhis.
See Central nervous system and Rhinencephalon
Sacral plexus
In human anatomy, the sacral plexus is a nerve plexus which provides motor and sensory nerves for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg and foot, and part of the pelvis.
See Central nervous system and Sacral plexus
Schwann cell
Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
See Central nervous system and Schwann cell
Sensory cortex
The sensory cortex can refer sometimes to the primary somatosensory cortex, or it can be used as a term for the primary and secondary cortices of the different senses (two cortices each, on left and right hemisphere): the visual cortex on the occipital lobes, the auditory cortex on the temporal lobes, the primary olfactory cortex on the uncus of the piriform region of the temporal lobes, the gustatory cortex on the insular lobe (also referred to as the insular cortex), and the primary somatosensory cortex on the anterior parietal lobes.
See Central nervous system and Sensory cortex
Skull
The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain.
See Central nervous system and Skull
Spinal canal
In human anatomy, the spinal canal, vertebral canal or spinal cavity is an elongated body cavity enclosed within the dorsal bony arches of the vertebral column, which contains the spinal cord, spinal roots and dorsal root ganglia.
See Central nervous system and Spinal canal
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone) of vertebrate animals.
See Central nervous system and Spinal cord
Spinal locomotion
Spinal locomotion results from intricate dynamic interactions between a central program in lower thoracolumbar spine and proprioceptive feedback from body in the absence of central control by brain as in complete spinal cord injury (SCI).
See Central nervous system and Spinal locomotion
Spinal nerve
A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body.
See Central nervous system and Spinal nerve
Sponge
Sponges (also known as sea sponges), the members of the phylum Porifera (meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts.
See Central nervous system and Sponge
Striatum
The striatum (striata) or corpus striatum is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia.
See Central nervous system and Striatum
Suboesophageal ganglion
The suboesophageal ganglion (acronym: SOG; synonym: subesophageal ganglion) of arthropods and in particular insects is part of the arthropod central nervous system (CNS).
See Central nervous system and Suboesophageal ganglion
Subthalamus
The subthalamus or prethalamus is a part of the diencephalon.
See Central nervous system and Subthalamus
Sulcus (neuroanatomy)
In neuroanatomy, a sulcus (Latin: "furrow";: sulci) is a depression or groove in the cerebral cortex.
See Central nervous system and Sulcus (neuroanatomy)
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
The suprachiasmatic nucleus or nuclei (SCN) is a small region of the brain in the hypothalamus, situated directly above the optic chiasm.
See Central nervous system and Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Supraesophageal ganglion
The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain") is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Supraesophageal ganglion
Tasmanian devil
The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) (palawa kani: purinina) is a carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae.
See Central nervous system and Tasmanian devil
Taste
The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor).
See Central nervous system and Taste
Thalamus
The thalamus (thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral walls of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain).
See Central nervous system and Thalamus
Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis.
See Central nervous system and Therapy
Third ventricle
The third ventricle is one of the four connected cerebral ventricles of the ventricular system within the mammalian brain.
See Central nervous system and Third ventricle
Thirst
Thirst is the craving for potable fluids, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink.
See Central nervous system and Thirst
Trapezius
The trapezius is a large paired trapezoid-shaped surface muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae of the spine and laterally to the spine of the scapula.
See Central nervous system and Trapezius
Vagus nerve
The vagus nerve, also known as the tenth cranial nerve, cranial nerve X, or simply CN X, is a cranial nerve that carries sensory fibers that create a pathway that interfaces with the parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.
See Central nervous system and Vagus nerve
Ventral nerve cord
The ventral nerve cord is a major structure of the invertebrate central nervous system.
See Central nervous system and Ventral nerve cord
Ventricular zone
In vertebrates, the ventricular zone (VZ) is a transient embryonic layer of tissue containing neural stem cells, principally radial glial cells, of the central nervous system (CNS).
See Central nervous system and Ventricular zone
Vertebra
Each vertebra (vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates.
See Central nervous system and Vertebra
Vertebral column
The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.
See Central nervous system and Vertebral column
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
See Central nervous system and Vertebrate
Vestibular system
The vestibular system, in vertebrates, is a sensory system that creates the sense of balance and spatial orientation for the purpose of coordinating movement with balance.
See Central nervous system and Vestibular system
White matter
White matter refers to areas of the central nervous system (CNS) that are mainly made up of myelinated axons, also called tracts.
See Central nervous system and White matter
Wombat
Wombats are short-legged, muscular quadrupedal marsupials of the family Vombatidae that are native to Australia.
See Central nervous system and Wombat
References
Also known as Arthropod central nervous system, CNS function, Central nervous, Central nervous system agents, Central nervous system diseases, Central nervous system infections, Central ns, Development of the central nervous system, Embryonic development of the central nervous system, Evolution of central nervous systems, Insect central nervous system, The nervous system.