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Champagne

Index Champagne

Champagne is sparkling wine or, in EU countries, legally only that sparkling wine which comes from the Champagne region of France. [1]

225 relations: Abbey, Acids in wine, Adelina Patti, Advertising, Aging of wine, Alcoholic drink, Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Alsace, Ancient Rome and wine, Antisemitism, Appellation, Appellation d'origine contrôlée, Arbane, Armand de Brignac, Asti wine, Australia, Autolysis (wine), Avize, Ay, Marne, Åland Islands, Épernay, Bahrain, Baltic Sea, Baptism, Baron Tollemache, BBC News, BBC News Online, Belle Époque, Billecart-Salmon, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bollinger, Bordeaux wine, Brazil, Bruno Paillard, Burgundy, Burgundy wine, Canada, Canard-Duchêne, Caramel, Carbon dioxide, Carbonation, Carcassonne, Catholic Church, Côte de Beaune, Côte des Blancs, Celles-sur-Ource, Ceremonial ship launching, Champagne (wine region), Champagne breakfast, Champagne glass, ..., Champagne Henriot, Champagne Krug, Champagne Riots, Champagne Salon, Champagne, Switzerland, Chardonnay, Chigny-les-Roses, Chile, China, Christopher Columbus, Christopher Merret, Classification of Champagne vineyards, Climate, Comité Interprofessionnel du vin de Champagne, Cooperative, Coronation, Coteaux Champenois AOC, Cristal (wine), Crown cork, Cuvée, Damery, Marne, Dan Gurney, Denominazione di origine controllata, Dessert wine, Deutz (wine), Dionysus, Dom Pérignon, Dom Pérignon (monk), Domitian, Dorling Kindersley, Drappier, Dreyfus affair, Drinking from shoes, Duval-Leroy, Earl of Stamford, Emily Ratajkowski, English people, Eucharist, European Physical Journal H, European Union, Fermentation in winemaking, France, Franco-Russian Alliance, Freixenet, French Revolution, G. H. Mumm, Gamay, Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union, George I of Greece, Glass, Glera (grape), Gosset, GQ, Grower Champagne, Guinness World Records, HarperCollins, Hautvillers, Heidsieck & Co, Henkell & Co. Sektkellerei, Henry Vizetelly, Independent business, Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité, Islamic dietary laws, Jacquesson, John Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham, Journal officiel de la République française, Laurent-Perrier, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger, Lees (fermentation), Leopold II of Belgium, Limoux wine, List of Champagne houses, List of Formula One Grands Prix, List of French monarchs, London, Louis Bohne, Louis Roederer, Louis XV of France, Ludes, LVMH, Madame de Pompadour, Madrid system, Mardeuil, Mareuil-sur-Ay, Margaret Cambridge, Marchioness of Cambridge, Marie Antoinette, Marne, Master of Wine, Middle Ages, Middle class, Moët & Chandon, Montagne de Reims, Muscat (grape), Muselet, Muslim, Napa Declaration on Place, Napa Valley AVA, New York City, Nobility, Nucleation, Oger, Marne, Ogg, Oregon wine, Oxford University Press, Paso Robles AVA, Pernod Ricard, Perrier-Jouët, Petit Meslier, Photo shoot, Pinot blanc, Pinot gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot noir, Piper-Heidsieck, Pol Roger, Pomegranate, Pommery, Pressing (wine), Princeton University Press, Probus (emperor), Prosecco, Red wine, Reims, Reims University, Richard Juhlin, Rilly-la-Montagne, Rose water, Royal family, Royal Society, Ruinart (Champagne), Sabrage, Sabre, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saint-Hilaire, Aude, Samuel Butler (poet), Secondary fermentation (wine), Sonoma Valley AVA, Sovetskoye Shampanskoye, Soviet Union, Spain, Sparkling wine, Sparkling wine production, Sugars in wine, Taittinger, Tennis Court Oath, Terroir, The Boston Globe, The Independent, The New York Times, The New York Times International Edition, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Tony Blair, Tours-sur-Marne, Treaty of Versailles, Truffle, Tsar, Urville, Aube, Vallée de la Marne, Vertus, Veuve Clicquot, Video camera, Vineyard, Vintage, Viticulture, Walla Walla Valley AVA, William Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley, Wine and food matching, Winemaker, World War II, Zante currant, 1967 24 Hours of Le Mans, 19th century, 2012 Summer Olympics. Expand index (175 more) »

Abbey

An abbey is a complex of buildings used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess.

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Acids in wine

The acids in wine are an important component in both winemaking and the finished product of wine.

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Adelina Patti

Adelina Patti (10 February 184327 September 1919) was an Italian-French 19th-century opera singer, earning huge fees at the height of her career in the music capitals of Europe and America.

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Advertising

Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, non-personal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea.

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Aging of wine

The aging of wine (American spelling) or ageing of wine (British spelling) is potentially able to improve the quality of wine.

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Alcoholic drink

An alcoholic drink (or alcoholic beverage) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar.

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Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Alfred (Alfred Ernest Albert; 6 August 184430 July 1900) reigned as Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1893 to 1900.

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Alsace

Alsace (Alsatian: ’s Elsass; German: Elsass; Alsatia) is a cultural and historical region in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland.

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Ancient Rome and wine

Ancient Rome played a pivotal role in the history of wine.

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Antisemitism

Antisemitism (also spelled anti-Semitism or anti-semitism) is hostility to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews.

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Appellation

An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown; other types of food often have appellations as well.

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Appellation d'origine contrôlée

The appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC;; "protected designation of origin") is the French certification granted to certain French geographical indications for wines, cheeses, butters, and other agricultural products, all under the auspices of the government bureau Institut national des appellations d'origine, now called Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité (INAO).

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Arbane

Arbane (or Arbanne) is a white French wine grape variety that has been historically grown in the Aube region of Champagne, but has now all but disappeared from the vineyards with less than left in France in 2006.

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Armand de Brignac

Armand de Brignac, colloquially known as the "Ace of Spades" after its logo, is the name of the tête de cuvée Champagne brand produced by Champagne Cattier and sold in opaque metallic bottles.

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Asti wine

Asti (also known as Asti Spumante) is a sparkling white Italian wine that is produced throughout southeastern Piedmont but is particularly focused around the towns of Asti and Alba.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Autolysis (wine)

Autolysis in winemaking relates to the complex chemical reactions that take place when a wine spends time in contact with the lees, or dead yeast cells, after fermentation.

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Avize

Avize is a commune in the Marne department in northeastern France.

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Ay, Marne

Ay (alternative spelling: Aÿ) is a former commune in the Marne department in northeastern France.

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Åland Islands

The Åland Islands or Åland (Åland,; Ahvenanmaa) is an archipelago province at the entrance to the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea belonging to Finland.

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Épernay

Épernay is a commune in the Marne department in northern France.

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Bahrain

Bahrain (البحرين), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (مملكة البحرين), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf.

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Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Poland, Germany and the North and Central European Plain.

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Baptism

Baptism (from the Greek noun βάπτισμα baptisma; see below) is a Christian sacrament of admission and adoption, almost invariably with the use of water, into Christianity.

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Baron Tollemache

Baron Tollemache, of Helmingham Hall near Ipswich in the County of Suffolk, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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BBC News Online

BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production.

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Belle Époque

The Belle Époque or La Belle Époque (French for "Beautiful Era") was a period of Western history.

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Billecart-Salmon

Billecart-Salmon is a medium-sized champagne house in Mareuil-sur-Ay, France.

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Bloomberg Businessweek

Bloomberg Businessweek is an American weekly business magazine published by Bloomberg L.P. Businessweek was founded in 1929.

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Bollinger

Bollinger is a Champagne house, a producer of sparkling wines from the Champagne region of France.

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Bordeaux wine

A Bordeaux wine is any wine produced in the Bordeaux region of southwest France, centred on the city of Bordeaux on the Garonne River, to the north of the city the Dordogne River joins the Garonne forming the broad estuary called the Gironde and covering the whole area of the Gironde department,with a total vineyard area of over 120,000 hectares, making it the largest wine growing area in France.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Bruno Paillard

Bruno Paillard is a Champagne producer based in Reims in the Champagne region.

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Burgundy

Burgundy (Bourgogne) is a historical territory and a former administrative region of France.

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Burgundy wine

Burgundy wine (Bourgogne or vin de Bourgogne) is wine made in the Burgundy region in eastern France, in the valleys and slopes west of the Saône, a tributary of the Rhône.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Canard-Duchêne

Canard-Duchêne is a Champagne house founded in 1868 and currently part of the Thiénot group, owner of its own label Champagne Thiénot, plus Joseph Perrier and Marie Stuart.

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Caramel

Caramel is a medium- to dark-orange confectionery product made by heating a variety of sugars.

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Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.

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Carbonation

Carbonation refers to reactions of carbon dioxide to give carbonates, bicarbonates, and carbonic acid.

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Carcassonne

Carcassonne (Carcaso) is a French fortified city in the department of Aude, in the region of Occitanie.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Côte de Beaune

The Côte de Beaune area is the southern part of the Côte d'Or, the limestone ridge that is home to the great names of Burgundy wine.

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Côte des Blancs

The Côte des Blancs is an area of Champagne vineyards.

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Celles-sur-Ource

Celles-sur-Ource is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.

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Ceremonial ship launching

Ceremonial ship launching is the process of transferring a vessel to the water.

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Champagne (wine region)

The Champagne wine region (archaic Champany) is a wine region within the historical province of Champagne in the northeast of France.

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Champagne breakfast

A champagne breakfast is a breakfast served with champagne or sparkling wine.

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Champagne glass

A Champagne glass is a form of stemware designed specifically to enhance the drinking of champagne.

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Champagne Henriot

Henriot is a Champagne producer based in the Reims region of Champagne.

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Champagne Krug

Krug Champagne is a Champagne house founded by Joseph Krug in 1853.

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Champagne Riots

The Champagne Riots of 1910 and 1911 resulted from a series of problems faced by grape growers in the Champagne area of France.

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Champagne Salon

Champagne Salon is a small producer of critically acclaimed Champagne made in the blanc de blancs style.

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Champagne, Switzerland

Champagne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

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Chardonnay

Chardonnay is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine.

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Chigny-les-Roses

Chigny-les-Roses is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus (before 31 October 145120 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer.

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Christopher Merret

Christopher Merret FRS (16 February 1614/5 – 19 August 1695), also spelt Merrett, was an English physician and scientist.

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Classification of Champagne vineyards

The classification of Champagne vineyards developed in the mid-20th century as a means of setting the price of grapes grown through the villages of the Champagne wine region.

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Climate

Climate is the statistics of weather over long periods of time.

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Comité Interprofessionnel du vin de Champagne

Le Comité Interprofessionnel du vin de Champagne (CIVC) is an organisation grouping the actors of the Champagne production and trade - growers, cooperatives and merchants - under the direction of the government.

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Cooperative

A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise".

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Coronation

A coronation is the act of placement or bestowal of a crown upon a monarch's head.

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Coteaux Champenois AOC

Coteaux Champenois is a wine Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) in the Champagne province of France.

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Cristal (wine)

Cristal is the flagship cuvée of Champagne Louis Roederer, created in 1876 for Alexander II, tsar of Russia.

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Crown cork

The crown cork (also known as a crown seal, crown cap or just a cap), the first form of bottle cap, was invented by William Painter in 1892 in Baltimore.

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Cuvée

Cuvée is a French wine term that derives from cuve, meaning vat or tank.

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Damery, Marne

Damery is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Dan Gurney

Daniel Sexton Gurney (April 13, 1931 – January 14, 2018) was an American racing driver, race car constructor, and team owner who reached racing's highest levels starting in 1958.

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Denominazione di origine controllata

Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC;; English: controlled designation of origin) is a quality assurance label for Italian wines.

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Dessert wine

Dessert wines, sometimes called pudding wines, are sweet wines typically served with dessert.

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Deutz (wine)

Deutz, formerly known as Deutz & Geldermann, is a Champagne producer based in the Aÿ region of Champagne.

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Dionysus

Dionysus (Διόνυσος Dionysos) is the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, of ritual madness, fertility, theatre and religious ecstasy in ancient Greek religion and myth.

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Dom Pérignon

Dom Pérignon is a brand of vintage Champagne produced by the Champagne house Moët & Chandon and serves as that house's prestige champagne.

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Dom Pérignon (monk)

Dom Pierre Pérignon, O.S.B., (December 163814 September 1715) was a French Benedictine monk who made important contributions to the production and quality of champagne wine in an era when the region's wines were predominantly still red.

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Domitian

Domitian (Titus Flavius Caesar Domitianus Augustus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96 AD) was Roman emperor from 81 to 96.

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Dorling Kindersley

Dorling Kindersley (DK) is a British multinational publishing company specializing in illustrated reference books for adults and children in 62 languages.

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Drappier

Drappier is a Champagne producer based in the Urville region of Champagne.

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Dreyfus affair

The Dreyfus Affair (l'affaire Dreyfus) was a political scandal that divided the Third French Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906.

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Drinking from shoes

Drinking from a shoe has historically been performed as both a bringer of good fortune and as a hazing punishment.

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Duval-Leroy

Duval-Leroy is a Champagne producer based in Vertus, a village in the Côte des Blancs region of Champagne.

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Earl of Stamford

Earl of Stamford was a title in the Peerage of England.

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Emily Ratajkowski

Emily O'Hara Ratajkowski (born June 7, 1991) is an American model and actress.

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English people

The English are a nation and an ethnic group native to England who speak the English language. The English identity is of early medieval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Angelcynn ("family of the Angles"). Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD. England is one of the countries of the United Kingdom, and the majority of people living there are British citizens. Historically, the English population is descended from several peoples the earlier Celtic Britons (or Brythons) and the Germanic tribes that settled in Britain following the withdrawal of the Romans, including Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians. Collectively known as the Anglo-Saxons, they founded what was to become England (from the Old English Englaland) along with the later Danes, Anglo-Normans and other groups. In the Acts of Union 1707, the Kingdom of England was succeeded by the Kingdom of Great Britain. Over the years, English customs and identity have become fairly closely aligned with British customs and identity in general. Today many English people have recent forebears from other parts of the United Kingdom, while some are also descended from more recent immigrants from other European countries and from the Commonwealth. The English people are the source of the English language, the Westminster system, the common law system and numerous major sports such as cricket, football, rugby union, rugby league and tennis. These and other English cultural characteristics have spread worldwide, in part as a result of the former British Empire.

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Eucharist

The Eucharist (also called Holy Communion or the Lord's Supper, among other names) is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches and an ordinance in others.

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European Physical Journal H

The European Physical Journal H: Historical Perspectives on Contemporary Physics (EPJ H) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal which focuses on the history of modern physics.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Fermentation in winemaking

The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Franco-Russian Alliance

The Franco-Russian Alliance, or Russo-French Rapprochement, was an alliance formed by the agreements of 1891–93; it lasted until 1917.

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Freixenet

Freixenet is a Cava producer in Spain, located west of Barcelona in Catalonia.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.

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G. H. Mumm

G.

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Gamay

Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire Valley around Tours.

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Geographical indications and traditional specialities in the European Union

Three European Union schemes of geographical indications and traditional specialties, known as protected designation of origin (PDO), protected geographical indication (PGI), and traditional specialities guaranteed (TSG), promote and protect names of quality agricultural products and foodstuffs.

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George I of Greece

George I (Γεώργιος Αʹ, Geórgios I; born Prince William of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg; Prins Vilhelm; 24 December 1845 – 18 March 1913) was King of Greece from 1863 until his assassination in 1913.

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Glass

Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.

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Glera (grape)

Glera is a white variety of grape of Slovenian origin, which was brought to the village of Prosecco (Slovene: Prosek) from Slovenia's Karst region.

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Gosset

Gosset, founded in 1584, is the oldest wine house in Champagne.

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GQ

GQ (formerly Gentlemen's Quarterly) is an international monthly men's magazine based in New York City and founded in 1931.

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Grower Champagne

Grower Champagnes are those Champagnes that are produced by the same estate that owns the vineyards where the grapes are grown.

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Guinness World Records

Guinness World Records, known from its inception in 1955 until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records and in previous United States editions as The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually, listing world records both of human achievements and the extremes of the natural world.

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HarperCollins

HarperCollins Publishers L.L.C. is one of the world's largest publishing companies and is one of the Big Five English-language publishing companies, alongside Hachette, Macmillan, Penguin Random House, and Simon & Schuster.

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Hautvillers

Hautvillers is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Heidsieck & Co

Heidsieck & Co "Monopole" is a champagne house located in the Champagne region of France.

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Henkell & Co. Sektkellerei

Henkell & Co.

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Henry Vizetelly

Henry Richard Vizetelly (30 July 1820 – 1 January 1894) was an English publisher and writer.

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Independent business

An independent business is a business that is free from outside control.

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Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité

The Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité (previously Institut National des Appellations d'Origine) (INAO) is the French organization charged with regulating French agricultural products with Protected Designations of Origin (PDOs).

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Islamic dietary laws

Islamic jurisprudence specifies which foods are halāl (حَلَال "lawful") and which are harām (حَرَامْ "unlawful").

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Jacquesson

Jacquesson & Fils is a Champagne producer based in the Dizy region of Champagne.

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John Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham

John George Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham (19 June 1855 – 18 September 1928), known as Viscount Lambton until 1879, was a British peer.

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Journal officiel de la République française

The Journal officiel de la République française (JORF or JO) is the government gazette of the French Republic.

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Laurent-Perrier

Laurent-Perrier is a Champagne house founded in 1812.

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Le Mesnil-sur-Oger

Le Mesnil-sur-Oger is a commune in the Marne department in the Grand Est region in north-eastern France.

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Lees (fermentation)

Lees are deposits of dead yeast or residual yeast and other particles that precipitate, or are carried by the action of "fining", to the bottom of a vat of wine after fermentation and aging.

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Leopold II of Belgium

Leopold II (9 April 183517 December 1909) reigned as the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 and became known for the founding and exploitation of the Congo Free State as a private venture.

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Limoux wine

Limoux wine is produced around the city of Limoux in Languedoc in southwestern France.

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List of Champagne houses

The listing below comprises some of the more prominent houses of Champagne.

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List of Formula One Grands Prix

The following is a complete list of Grands Prix which have been a part of the FIA World Championship since its inception in.

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List of French monarchs

The monarchs of the Kingdom of France and its predecessors (and successor monarchies) ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of the Franks in 486 until the fall of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Louis Bohne

Louis Bohne (died 1821), born in Mannheim, Germany, was the sales agent for Veuve Clicquot whose exploits during the French invasion of Russia and subsequent fall of Napoleon substantially increased the popularity of Champagne in Russia during the 19th century.

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Louis Roederer

Louis Roederer is a producer of Champagne based in Reims, France.

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Louis XV of France

Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774.

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Ludes

Ludes is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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LVMH

LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE, also known as LVMH, is a French multinational luxury goods conglomerate headquartered in Paris.

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Madame de Pompadour

Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour (29 December 1721 – 15 April 1764), commonly known as Madame de Pompadour, was a member of the French court and was the official chief mistress of Louis XV from 1745 to 1751, and remained influential as court favourite until her death.

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Madrid system

The Madrid system (officially the Madrid system for the international registration of marks) is the primary international system for facilitating the registration of trademarks in multiple jurisdictions around the world.

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Mardeuil

Mardeuil is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Mareuil-sur-Ay

Mareuil-sur-Ay is a former commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Margaret Cambridge, Marchioness of Cambridge

Margaret Evelyn Cambridge, Marchioness of Cambridge (8 April 1873 – 27 March 1929) was the sixth child and third daughter of the 1st Duke of Westminster and the wife of the 1st Marquess of Cambridge.

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Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette (born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution.

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Marne

Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the river Marne (Matrona in Roman times) which flows through the department.

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Master of Wine

Master of Wine (MW) is a qualification (not an academic degree) issued by The Institute of Masters of Wine in the United Kingdom.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Middle class

The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy.

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Moët & Chandon

Moët & Chandon, or Moët, is a French fine winery and co-owner of the luxury goods company LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE.

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Montagne de Reims

Montagne de Reims is one of the five sub-regions of the Champagne wine region.

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Muscat (grape)

The Muscat family of grapes include over 200 grape varieties belonging to the Vitis vinifera species that have been used in wine production and as raisin and table grapes around the globe for many centuries.

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Muselet

A muselet is a wire cage that fits over the cork of a bottle of champagne, sparkling wine or beer to prevent the cork from emerging under the pressure of the carbonated contents.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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Napa Declaration on Place

The Declaration to Protect Wine Place and Origin, commonly known as the Napa Declaration on Place, is a "declaration of joint principles stating the importance of location to wine and the need to protect place names." The Declaration group brings together a diverse group of wine regions from multiple continents that compete with each other in the marketplace, yet agree that protecting wine place names worldwide is key to future of the quality wine world and to avoid consumer confusion.

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Napa Valley AVA

Napa Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Napa County, California, United States.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nobility

Nobility is a social class in aristocracy, normally ranked immediately under royalty, that possesses more acknowledged privileges and higher social status than most other classes in a society and with membership thereof typically being hereditary.

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Nucleation

Nucleation is the first step in the formation of either a new thermodynamic phase or a new structure via self-assembly or self-organization.

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Oger, Marne

Oger is a former commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

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Oregon wine

The state of Oregon in the United States has established an international reputation for its production of wine, ranking fourth in the country behind California, Washington, and New York.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Paso Robles AVA

Paso Robles Wine Country is an American Viticultural Area located in the San Luis Obispo County, California.

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Pernod Ricard

Pernod Ricard is a French company that produces distilled beverages.

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Perrier-Jouët

Perrier-Jouët is a Champagne producer based in the Épernay region of Champagne.

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Petit Meslier

Petit Meslier is a rare white wine grape that is a minor component of some Champagne blends.

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Photo shoot

A photo shoot is generally used in the fashion or glamour industry, whereby a model poses for a photographer at a studio or an outdoor location where multiple photos are taken to find the best ones for the required brief.

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Pinot blanc

Pinot blanc is a white wine grape.

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Pinot gris

Pinot gris, pinot grigio or Grauburgunder is a white wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera.

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Pinot Meunier

Pinot Meunier,, also known as Meunier or Schwarzriesling, is a variety of black wine grape most noted for being one of the three main varieties used in the production of Champagne (the other two are the black variety Pinot noir and the white Chardonnay).

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Pinot noir

Pinot noir is a red wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera.

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Piper-Heidsieck

Piper-Heidsieck is a Champagne house founded by Florens-Louis Heidsieck on July 16, 1785 in Reims.

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Pol Roger

Pol Roger is a producer of champagne.

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Pomegranate

The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae that grows between tall.

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Pommery

Champagne Pommery is a Champagne house located in Reims.

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Pressing (wine)

Pressing in winemaking is the process where the juice is extracted from the grapes with the aid of a wine press, by hand, or even by the weight of the grape berries and clusters.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Probus (emperor)

Probus (Marcus Aurelius Probus Augustus; c. 19 August 232 – September/October 282), was Roman Emperor from 276 to 282.

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Prosecco

Prosecco is an Italian white wine.

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Red wine

Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored (black) grape varieties.

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Reims

Reims (also spelled Rheims), a city in the Grand Est region of France, lies east-northeast of Paris.

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Reims University

Reims University (French: Université de Reims or Rheims) was one of the largest and most important universities in Europe during the Middle Ages.

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Richard Juhlin

Richard Juhlin (born 1962) is a Swedish Champagne writer, who has written a number of books that have been translated into several languages, including English and French.

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Rilly-la-Montagne

Rilly-la-Montagne is one of the Communes of the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Rose water

Rose water (گلاب; golāb) is a flavoured water made by steeping rose petals in water.

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Royal family

A royal family is the immediate family of a king or queen regnant, and sometimes his or her extended family.

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Royal Society

The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society.

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Ruinart (Champagne)

Ruinart is the oldest established Champagne house, exclusively producing champagne since 1729.

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Sabrage

Sabrage is a technique for opening a champagne bottle with a saber, used for ceremonial occasions.

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Sabre

The sabre (British English) or saber (American English) is a type of backsword with a curved blade associated with the light cavalry of the early modern and Napoleonic periods.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast.

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Saint-Hilaire, Aude

Saint-Hilaire (in Occitan: Sant Ilari) is a commune in the Aude department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

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Samuel Butler (poet)

Samuel Butler (baptized 14 February 1613 – 25 September 1680) was a poet and satirist.

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Secondary fermentation (wine)

Secondary fermentation is a process commonly associated with winemaking,J.

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Sonoma Valley AVA

The Sonoma Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area in Sonoma County, California, United States which centers on the Sonoma Valley (also known as The Valley of the Moon) in the southern portion of the county.

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Sovetskoye Shampanskoye

Sovetskoye Shampanskoye (Советское шампанское, 'Soviet Champagne') is a generic brand of sparkling wine produced in the Soviet Union and successor states.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Sparkling wine

Sparkling wine is a wine with significant levels of carbon dioxide in it, making it fizzy.

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Sparkling wine production

Sparkling wine is a wine (usually white) that becomes carbonated, either through fermentation or by addition of carbon dioxide.

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Sugars in wine

Sugars in wine are at the heart of what makes winemaking possible.

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Taittinger

Taittinger is a French wine family who are famous producers of Champagne.

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Tennis Court Oath

On 20 June 1789, the members of the French Estates-General or the Third Estate, who had begun to call themselves the National Assembly, took the Tennis Court Oath (Serment du Jeu de Paume), vowing "not to separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established".

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Terroir

Terroir (from terre, "land") is the set of all environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype, including unique environment contexts, farming practices and a crop's specific growth habitat.

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The Boston Globe

The Boston Globe (sometimes abbreviated as The Globe) is an American daily newspaper founded and based in Boston, Massachusetts, since its creation by Charles H. Taylor in 1872.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New York Times International Edition

The New York Times International Edition is an English-language newspaper printed at 38 sites throughout the world and sold in more than 160 countries and territories.

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The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Tony Blair

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.

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Tours-sur-Marne

Tours-sur-Marne is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles (Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end.

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Truffle

A truffle is the fruiting body of a subterranean Ascomycete fungus, predominantly one of the many species of the genus Tuber.

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Tsar

Tsar (Old Bulgarian / Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь or цар, цaрь), also spelled csar, or czar, is a title used to designate East and South Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers of Eastern Europe.

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Urville, Aube

Urville is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.

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Vallée de la Marne

Vallée de la Marne is a sub-region of the Champagne wine region.

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Vertus

Vertus is a former commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

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Veuve Clicquot

Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin is a French Champagne house based in Reims, specializing in premium products.

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Video camera

A video camera is a camera used for electronic motion picture acquisition (as opposed to a movie camera, which records images on film), initially developed for the television industry but now common in other applications as well.

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Vineyard

A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice.

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Vintage

Vintage, in winemaking, is the process of picking grapes and creating the finished product (see Harvest (wine)).

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Viticulture

Viticulture (from the Latin word for vine) is the science, production, and study of grapes.

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Walla Walla Valley AVA

The Walla Walla Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located within Washington State and extending partly into the northeastern corner of Oregon.

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William Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley

William Humble Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley, (25 May 1867 – 29 June 1932), was a British aristocrat, politician, and military officer who served as the fourth Governor-General of Australia, in office from 1908 to 1911.

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Wine and food matching

Wine and food matching is the process of pairing food dishes with wine to enhance the dining experience.

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Winemaker

A winemaker or vintner is a person engaged in winemaking.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Zante currant

Zante currants, Corinth raisins, or Corinthian raisins, also called simply currants, are dried berries of the small, sweet, seedless grape cultivar 'Black Corinth' (Vitis vinifera).

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1967 24 Hours of Le Mans

The 1967 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 35th Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 10 and 11 June 1967.

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19th century

The 19th century was a century that began on January 1, 1801, and ended on December 31, 1900.

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2012 Summer Olympics

The 2012 Summer Olympics, formally the Games of the XXX Olympiad and commonly known as London 2012, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, United Kingdom.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champagne

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