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Facial nerve

Index Facial nerve

The facial nerve is the seventh cranial nerve, or simply cranial nerve VII. [1]

82 relations: Abducens nerve, Auricle (anatomy), Basal plate (neural tube), Bell's palsy, Brainstem, Buccal branches of the facial nerve, Central facial palsy, Cervical branch of the facial nerve, Chorda tympani, Corneal reflex, Cranial nerves, Cranial neural crest, Digastric muscle, Embryo, Ethmoid sinus, Facial canal, Facial motor nucleus, Facial muscles, Facial nerve decompression, Facial nerve paralysis, Frontal sinus, Ganglion, General somatic afferent fibers, General visceral afferent fibers, General visceral efferent fibers, Geniculate ganglion, Greater palatine nerve, Greater petrosal nerve, Hyoid bone, Idiopathic disease, Incus, Inferior alveolar nerve anaesthesia, Intermediate nerve, Internal auditory meatus, Lacrimal gland, Lagophthalmos, Lesser palatine nerve, Lesser petrosal nerve, List of medical mnemonics, Lower motor neuron, Lyme disease, Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, Maxillary sinus, Middle ear, Nasal cavity, Nasal glands, Nerve to the stapedius, Nucleus (neuroanatomy), Orbicularis oculi muscle, Otic ganglion, ..., Palate, Palatine glands, Palatine tonsil, Parasympathetic nervous system, Parotid gland, Petrous part of the temporal bone, Pharyngeal arch, Pharynx, Pons, Posterior auricular nerve, Posterior cranial fossa, Pterygopalatine ganglion, Solitary nucleus, Special visceral afferent fibers, Special visceral efferent fibers, Sphenoidal sinus, Stapedius muscle, Stylohyoid muscle, Stylomastoid foramen, Sublingual gland, Submandibular ganglion, Submandibular gland, Superior salivatory nucleus, Taste, Temporal bone, Temporal branches of the facial nerve, Tongue, Trigeminal nerve, Tympanic cavity, Upper motor neuron, Vestibulocochlear nerve, Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve. Expand index (32 more) »

Abducens nerve

The abducens nerve is a nerve that controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle in humans, responsible for outward gaze.

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Auricle (anatomy)

The auricle or auricula is the visible part of the ear that resides outside the head.

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Basal plate (neural tube)

In the developing nervous system, the basal plate is the region of the neural tube ventral to the sulcus limitans.

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Bell's palsy

Bell's palsy is a type of facial paralysis that results in an inability to control the facial muscles on the affected side.

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Brainstem

The brainstem (or brain stem) is the posterior part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord.

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Buccal branches of the facial nerve

The buccal branches of the facial nerve (infraorbital branches), are of larger size than the rest of the branches, pass horizontally forward to be distributed below the orbit and around the mouth.

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Central facial palsy

Central facial palsy (colloquially referred to as central seven) is a symptom or finding characterized by paralysis or paresis of the lower half of one side of the face.

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Cervical branch of the facial nerve

The cervical branch of the facial nerve runs forward beneath the platysma, and forms a series of arches across the side of the neck over the suprahyoid region.

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Chorda tympani

The chorda tympani is a branch of the facial nerve that originates from the taste buds in the front of the tongue, runs through the middle ear, and carries taste messages to the brain.

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Corneal reflex

The corneal reflex, also known as the blink reflex, is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea (such as by touching or by a foreign body), though could result from any peripheral stimulus.

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Cranial nerves

Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), in contrast to spinal nerves (which emerge from segments of the spinal cord).

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Cranial neural crest

The cranial neural crest is a form of neural crest.

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Digastric muscle

The digastric muscle (also digastricus) (named digastric as it has two 'bellies') is a small muscle located under the jaw.

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Embryo

An embryo is an early stage of development of a multicellular diploid eukaryotic organism.

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Ethmoid sinus

The ethmoidal sinuses or ethmoidal air cells of the ethmoid bone are one of the four paired paranasal sinuses.

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Facial canal

The facial canal (Canalis nervi facialis)(also known as the Fallopian Canal – first described by Gabriele Falloppio-) is a Z-shaped canal running through the temporal bone from the internal acoustic meatus to the stylomastoid foramen.

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Facial motor nucleus

The facial motor nucleus is a collection of neurons in the brainstem that belong to the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).

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Facial muscles

The facial muscles are a group of striated skeletal muscles supplied by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that, among other things, control facial expression.

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Facial nerve decompression

Facial nerve decompression is a type of nerve decompression surgery where abnormal compression on the facial nerve is relieved.

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Facial nerve paralysis

Facial nerve paralysis is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve.

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Frontal sinus

The frontal sinuses are situated behind the brow ridges.

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Ganglion

A ganglion is a nerve cell cluster or a group of nerve cell bodies located in the autonomic nervous system and sensory system.

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General somatic afferent fibers

The general somatic afferent fibers (GSA, or somatic sensory fibers) afferent fibers arise from cells in the spinal ganglia and are found in all the spinal nerves, except occasionally the first cervical, and conduct impulses of pain, touch and temperature from the surface of the body through the dorsal roots to the spinal cord and impulses of muscle sense, tendon sense and joint sense from the deeper structures.

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General visceral afferent fibers

The general visceral afferent fibers (GVA) conduct sensory impulses (usually pain or reflex sensations) from the internal organs, glands, and blood vessels to the central nervous system.

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General visceral efferent fibers

The term general efferent fibers (GVE or visceral efferent or autonomic efferent) refers to the efferent neurons of the autonomic nervous system that provide motor innervation to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands (contrast with SVE fibers).

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Geniculate ganglion

The geniculate ganglion (from Latin genu, for "knee") is an L-shaped collection of fibers and sensory neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head.

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Greater palatine nerve

The greater palatine nerve (anterior palatine nerve) is a branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion that carries both general sensory fibres from the maxillary nerve and parasympathetic fibers from the nerve of the pterygoid canal.

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Greater petrosal nerve

The greater (superficial) petrosal nerve (also known as the large superficial petrosal nerve) is a nerve in the skull that branches from the facial nerve; it forms part of a chain of nerves that innervate the lacrimal gland.

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Hyoid bone

The hyoid bone (lingual bone or tongue-bone) is a horseshoe-shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage.

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Idiopathic disease

An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparently spontaneous origin.

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Incus

The anvil or incus is a bone in the middle ear.

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Inferior alveolar nerve anaesthesia

Inferior alveolar nerve block (abbreviated to IANB, and also termed inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia or inferior dental block) is a nerve block technique which induces anesthesia (numbness) in the areas of the mouth and face innervated by one of the inferior alveolar nerves which are paired on the left and right side.

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Intermediate nerve

The intermediate nerve, nervus intermedius, nerve of Wrisberg or Glossopalatine nerve, is the part of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) located between the motor component of the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII).

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Internal auditory meatus

The internal auditory meatus (also meatus acusticus internus, internal acoustic meatus, internal auditory canal, or internal acoustic canal) is a canal within the petrous part of the temporal bone of the skull between the posterior cranial fossa and the inner ear.

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Lacrimal gland

The lacrimal glands are paired, almond-shaped exocrine glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film.

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Lagophthalmos

Lagophthalmos is the inability to close the eyelids completely.

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Lesser palatine nerve

The lesser palatine nerve (posterior palatine nerve) is one of two palatine nerves that descends through the greater palatine canal, and emerges by the lesser palatine foramen.

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Lesser petrosal nerve

The lesser petrosal nerve (also known as the small superficial petrosal nerve) is the General visceral efferent (GVE) component of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), carrying parasympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers from the tympanic plexus to the parotid gland.

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List of medical mnemonics

Note for editors: Please add a reference with your entry.

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Lower motor neuron

Lower motor neurons (LMNs) are motor neurons located in either the anterior grey column, anterior nerve roots (spinal lower motor neurons) or the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem and cranial nerves with motor function (cranial nerve lower motor neurons).

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Lyme disease

Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the Borrelia type which is spread by ticks.

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Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve

The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve passes forward beneath the platysma and depressor anguli oris, supplying the muscles of the lower lip and chin, and communicating with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar nerve.

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Maxillary sinus

The pyramid-shaped maxillary sinus (or antrum of Highmore) is the largest of the paranasal sinuses, and drains into the middle meatus of the nose.

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Middle ear

The middle ear is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum, and external to the oval window of the inner ear.

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Nasal cavity

The nasal cavity (nasal fossa, or nasal passage) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.

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Nasal glands

The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane.

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Nerve to the stapedius

The Nerve to the Stapedius (tympanic branch) arises opposite the pyramidal eminence.

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Nucleus (neuroanatomy)

In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (plural form: nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem.

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Orbicularis oculi muscle

The orbicularis oculi is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids.

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Otic ganglion

The otic ganglion is a small parasympathetic ganglion located immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa and on the medial surface of the mandibular nerve.

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Palate

The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals.

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Palatine glands

The palatine glands form a continuous layer on the posterior surface of the mucous membrane of the soft palate and around the uvula.They are pure mucous glands.

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Palatine tonsil

Palatine tonsils, commonly called the tonsils and occasionally called the faucial tonsils, are tonsils located on the left and right sides at the back of the throat, which can often be seen as flesh-colored, pinkish lumps.

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Parasympathetic nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system (a division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)), the other being the sympathetic nervous system.

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Parotid gland

The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals.

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Petrous part of the temporal bone

The petrous part of the temporal bone is pyramid-shaped and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones.

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Pharyngeal arch

The pharyngeal arches —also known as visceral arches—are structures seen in the embryonic development of vertebrates that are recognisable precursors for many structures.

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Pharynx

The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the throat that is behind the mouth and nasal cavity and above the esophagus and the larynx, or the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs.

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Pons

The pons (Latin for "bridge") is part of the brainstem, and in humans and other bipeds lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum.

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Posterior auricular nerve

The posterior auricular nerve arises from the facial nerve close to the stylomastoid foramen and runs upward in front of the mastoid process; here it is joined by a filament from the auricular branch of the vagus and communicates with the posterior branch of the great auricular as well as with the lesser occipital.

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Posterior cranial fossa

The posterior cranial fossa is part of the cranial cavity, located between the foramen magnum and tentorium cerebelli.

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Pterygopalatine ganglion

The pterygopalatine ganglion (Meckel's ganglion, nasal ganglion or sphenopalatine ganglion) is a parasympathetic ganglion found in the pterygopalatine fossa.

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Solitary nucleus

In the human brainstem, the solitary nucleus (SN) (nucleus of the solitary tract, nucleus solitarius, nucleus tractus solitarii) is a series of purely sensory nuclei (clusters of nerve cell bodies) forming a vertical column of grey matter embedded in the medulla oblongata.

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Special visceral afferent fibers

Special visceral afferent fibers (SVA) are the afferent fibers that develop in association with the gastrointestinal tract.

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Special visceral efferent fibers

Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) are the efferent nerve fibers that provide motor innervation to the muscles of the pharyngeal arches in humans, and the branchial arches in fish.

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Sphenoidal sinus

Each of the paired sphenoidal sinuses (components of the paranasal sinuses) is contained within the body of the sphenoid.

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Stapedius muscle

The stapedius is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body.

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Stylohyoid muscle

The stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle, lying anterior, and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle.

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Stylomastoid foramen

Between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone is the stylomastoid foramen It is the termination of the facial canal, and transmits the facial nerve and stylomastoid artery.

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Sublingual gland

The paired sublingual glands are major salivary glands in the mouth.

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Submandibular ganglion

The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system.

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Submandibular gland

The paired submandibular glands (historically known as submaxillary glands) are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth.

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Superior salivatory nucleus

The superior salivatory nucleus (or nucleus salivatorius superior) of the facial nerve is a visceromotor cranial nerve nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum.

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Taste

Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.

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Temporal bone

The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex.

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Temporal branches of the facial nerve

The temporal branches of the facial nerve (frontal branch of the facial nerve) crosses the zygomatic arch to the temporal region, supplying the auriculares anterior and superior, and joining with the zygomaticotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve, and with the auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve.

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Tongue

The tongue is a muscular organ in the mouth of most vertebrates that manipulates food for mastication, and is used in the act of swallowing.

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Trigeminal nerve

The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, or simply CN V) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the largest of the cranial nerves.

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Tympanic cavity

The tympanic cavity is a small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear.

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Upper motor neuron

Upper motor neurons (UMNs) are the main source of voluntary movement.

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Vestibulocochlear nerve

The vestibulocochlear nerve (auditory vestibular nerve), known as the eighth cranial nerve, transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain.

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Zygomatic branches of the facial nerve

The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit, where they supply the Orbicularis oculi, and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve.

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Redirects here:

7th cranial nerve, CN VII, Cn7, Cnvii, Cranial nerve 7, Cranial nerve VII, Facial Nerve, Facial nerve diseases, Facial nerve injuries, Facial nerves, Intermediofacial nerve, Intermediofacial nerves, N. facialis, Nervus facialis, Nervus intermedialis, Nervus intermediofacialis, Seventh cranial nerve, Seventh nerve, VII cranial nerve, VII nerve.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve

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