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Adoption

Index Adoption

Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents. [1]

143 relations: Adoption, Adoption & Fostering, Adoption by celebrities, Adoption disclosure, Adoption in ancient Rome, Adoption in Australia, Adoption in Italy, Adoption in the United States, Adrogation, Adult adoption, Age of majority, Alumnus, American Adoption Congress, American Civil War, American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, Ancestor veneration in China, Ancient Hawaii, Apprenticeship, Artisan, Attachment disorder, Attachment theory, Attachment therapy, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Baby Scoop Era, Bastard Nation, BBC, Birth control, Body mass index, Boston Female Asylum, Bruno Perreau, Canada, Catholic Church, Celts, Charles Loring Brace, Child abandonment, Child labour, Child protection, Child-selling, Closed adoption, Code of Hammurabi, Codex Justinianus, Cohabitation, Combined oral contraceptive pill, Common law, Concerned United Birthparents, Court, Disruption (adoption), Dissolution (law), Effects of adoption on the birth mother, Elizabeth Bartholet, ..., Embryo donation, England and Wales, Eugenics, Evolution and Human Behavior, Family planning, Family preservation, Family Relations (journal), Family tree, Filiation, Financial Times, First Nations, Foster care, Foundling hospital, Funeral, Gender-neutral language, Genealogy, Genetic sexual attraction, Germanic peoples, Gitta Sereny, Gotcha Day, Hague Adoption Convention, Hague Conference on Private International Law, Hānai, Heir apparent, Henry H. Goddard, Heredity, Heritability, Hijab, History of China, History of India, Human overpopulation, Identity (social science), In vitro fertilisation, Indenture, Indian Child Welfare Act, Indigenous peoples, Infertility, Inheritance, Institutionalisation, International adoption, International Soundex Reunion Registry, Jewish Virtual Library, Jurisdiction, Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany, Legal guardian, Legal process, Legitimacy (family law), List of orphans and foundlings, Lucca, Massachusetts, Meet the Robinsons, Middle Ages, Minnesota, Monastery, Napoleonic Code, National Adoption Day, National Reorganization Process, Native Americans in the United States, Need for affiliation, Netherlands, Oblation, Open adoption, Oppositional defiant disorder, Orphan Train, Orphanage, Parental leave, Parental responsibility (access and custody), Parenting, Petition, Polynesian culture, Princeton University, Progressivism in the United States, Putative father registry, Reactive attachment disorder, Rights, Rigveda, Roman Empire, Safe-haven law, Sexual revolution, Slavs, Social work, Statute, Stereotype, Stolen Generations, Sweden, Tay–Sachs disease, The Girls Who Went Away, The Mental and Social Life of Babies, Theodore Roosevelt, Title X, Waif, West Germany, 20th century. Expand index (93 more) »

Adoption

Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents.

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Adoption & Fostering

Adoption & Fostering is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on adoption and foster care.

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Adoption by celebrities

Josephine Baker, as a part of the Civil Rights Movement, protested against racism by adopting twelve orphans of different skin color.

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Adoption disclosure

Adoption disclosure refers to the official release of information relating to the legal adoption of a child.

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Adoption in ancient Rome

In ancient Rome, adoption of boys was a fairly common procedure, particularly in the upper senatorial class.

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Adoption in Australia

Adoption in Australia deals with the adoption process in the various parts of Australia, whereby a person assumes or acquires the permanent, legal status of parenthood in relation to a child under the age of 18 in place of the child's birth or biological parents.

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Adoption in Italy

Adoptions in Italy numbered 4,130 in 2010.

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Adoption in the United States

Adoption is permanently placing a person under the age of 18 with a parent or parents other than the birth parents in the United States.

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Adrogation

Adrogation, among ancient Romans, was a kind of adoption in which the person adopted was free, and consented to be adopted by another.

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Adult adoption

Adult adoption is a form of adoption between 2 or more adults in order to transfer inheritance rights and/or filiation.

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Age of majority

The age of majority is the threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law.

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Alumnus

An alumnus ((masculine), an alumna ((feminine), or an alumnum ((gender-neutral) of a college, university, or other school is a former student. The word is Latin and simply means student. The plural is alumni for men and mixed groups and alumnae for women. The term is often mistakenly thought of as synonymous with "graduate," but they are not synonyms; one can be an alumnus without graduating. (Burt Reynolds, alumnus but not graduate of Florida State, is an example.) An alumnus can also be a former member, employee, contributor, or inmate.

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American Adoption Congress

The American Adoption Congress (AAC) was created in the late 1970s as an umbrella organization by the search and support, adoption reform groups sprouting up across the United States, Canada and around the world.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.

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American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise

The American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) U.S.-based organization established in 1993 "to strengthen the U.S.-Israel relationship.".

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Ancestor veneration in China

Chinese ancestor worship, or Chinese ancestor veneration, also called the Chinese patriarchal religion, is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines.

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Ancient Hawaii

Ancient Hawaii is the period of Hawaiian human history preceding the unification in 1810 of the Kingdom of Hawaiokinai by Kamehameha the Great.

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Apprenticeship

An apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading).

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Artisan

An artisan (from artisan, artigiano) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand that may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative arts, sculptures, clothing, jewellery, food items, household items and tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker.

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Attachment disorder

Attachment disorder is a broad term intended to describe disorders of mood, behavior, and social relationships arising from a failure to form normal attachments to primary care giving figures in early childhood.

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Attachment theory

Attachment theory is a psychological model that attempts to describe the dynamics of long-term and short-term interpersonal relationships between humans.

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Attachment therapy

Attachment therapy is a controversial category of alternative child mental health interventions intended to treat attachment disorders.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder of the neurodevelopmental type.

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Baby Scoop Era

The Baby Scoop Era was a period in anglosphere history starting after the end of World War II and ending in the early 1970s, characterized by an increased rate of pre-marital pregnancies over the preceding period, along with a higher rate of newborn adoption.

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Bastard Nation

Bastard Nation is a North American adult adoptee political advocacy and support organization.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Birth control

Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy.

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Body mass index

The body mass index (BMI) or Quetelet index is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of an individual.

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Boston Female Asylum

The Boston Female Asylum (1800–1910) was an orphanage in Boston, Massachusetts, "for the care of indigent girls."U.S. Bureau of the Census.

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Bruno Perreau

Bruno Perreau (PhD, Paris I Sorbonne) is the Cynthia L. Reed Professor, and Associate Professor of French Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Celts

The Celts (see pronunciation of ''Celt'' for different usages) were an Indo-European people in Iron Age and Medieval Europe who spoke Celtic languages and had cultural similarities, although the relationship between ethnic, linguistic and cultural factors in the Celtic world remains uncertain and controversial.

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Charles Loring Brace

Charles Loring Brace (June 19, 1826August 11, 1890) was an American philanthropist who contributed to the field of social reform.

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Child abandonment

Child abandonment is the practice of relinquishing interests and claims over one's offspring in an extralegal way with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting guardianship over them.

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Child labour

Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.

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Child protection

Child protection is the protection of children from violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect.

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Child-selling

Child-selling is the practice of selling children, usually by parents, legal guardians, or subsequent masters or custodians.

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Closed adoption

Closed adoption (also called "confidential" adoption and sometimes "secret" adoption) is a process by which an infant is adopted by another family, and the record of the biological parent(s) is kept sealed.

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Code of Hammurabi

The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law of ancient Mesopotamia, dated back to about 1754 BC (Middle Chronology).

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Codex Justinianus

The Codex Justinianus (Latin for "The Code of Justinian") is one part of the Corpus Juris Civilis, the codification of Roman law ordered early in the 6th century AD by Justinian I, who was an Eastern Roman (Byzantine) emperor in Constantinople.

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Cohabitation

Cohabitation is an arrangement where two people who are not married live together.

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Combined oral contraceptive pill

The combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), often referred to as the birth control pill or colloquially as "the pill", is a type of birth control that is designed to be taken orally by women.

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Common law

Common law (also known as judicial precedent or judge-made law, or case law) is that body of law derived from judicial decisions of courts and similar tribunals.

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Concerned United Birthparents

Concerned United Birthparents, Inc. (CUB), a non-profit organization established in 1976, is one of two primary nationwide organizations offering support to the biological parents of adopted people in the United States.

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Court

A court is a tribunal, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

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Disruption (adoption)

Disruption is ending an adoption.

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Dissolution (law)

In law, dissolution has multiple meanings.

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Effects of adoption on the birth mother

The effects of adoption on the birth mother are the stigmatizations and psychological effects women may experience when they place their child for adoption.

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Elizabeth Bartholet

Elizabeth Bartholet is an American academic and author.

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Embryo donation

Embryo donation is a form of third party reproduction.

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England and Wales

England and Wales is a legal jurisdiction covering England and Wales, two of the four countries of the United Kingdom.

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Eugenics

Eugenics (from Greek εὐγενής eugenes 'well-born' from εὖ eu, 'good, well' and γένος genos, 'race, stock, kin') is a set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.

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Evolution and Human Behavior

Evolution and Human Behavior is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research in which evolutionary perspectives are brought to bear on the study of human behavior.

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Family planning

Family planning services are defined as "educational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved".

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Family preservation

Family preservation was the movement to help keep children at home with their families rather than in foster homes or institutions.

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Family Relations (journal)

Family Relations is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the National Council on Family Relations.

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Family tree

A family tree, or pedigree chart, is a chart representing family relationships in a conventional tree structure.

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Filiation

Filiation is the legal term that refers to the recognized legal status of the relationship between family members, or more specifically the legal relationship between parent and child.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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First Nations

In Canada, the First Nations (Premières Nations) are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle.

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Foster care

Foster care is a system in which a minor has been placed into a ward, group home (residential child care community, treatment center,...), or private home of a state-certified caregiver, referred to as a "foster parent" or with a family member approved by the state.

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Foundling hospital

A foundling hospital was originally an institution for the reception of foundlings, i.e., children who had been abandoned or exposed, and left for the public to find and save.

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Funeral

A funeral is a ceremony connected with the burial, cremation, or interment of a corpse, or the burial (or equivalent) with the attendant observances.

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Gender-neutral language

Gender-neutral language or gender-inclusive language is language that avoids bias toward a particular sex or social gender.

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Genealogy

Genealogy (from γενεαλογία from γενεά, "generation" and λόγος, "knowledge"), also known as family history, is the study of families and the tracing of their lineages and history.

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Genetic sexual attraction

Genetic sexual attraction (GSA) is a term for an overwhelming sexual attraction that may develop between close blood relatives who first meet as adults.

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.

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Gitta Sereny

Gitta Sereny, CBE (13 March 192114 June 2012) was an Austrian-British biographer, historian, and investigative journalist who came to be known for her interviews and profiles of controversial figures, including Mary Bell, who was convicted in 1968 of killing two children when she herself was a child, and Franz Stangl, the commandant of the Treblinka extermination camp.

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Gotcha Day

"Gotcha Day" is a phrase that denotes the anniversary of the day on which a new member joins a family in the adoption process.

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Hague Adoption Convention

The Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption (or Hague Adoption Convention) is an international convention dealing with international adoption, child laundering, and child trafficking in an effort to protect those involved from the corruption, abuses, and exploitation which sometimes accompanies international adoption.

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Hague Conference on Private International Law

The Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH) is an intergovernmental organisation in the area of private international law, that develops administers several international conventions, protocols and soft law instruments.

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Hānai

Hānai is a term used in the Hawaiian culture that refers to the informal adoption of one person by another, regardless of the age involved.

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Heir apparent

An heir apparent is a person who is first in a line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person.

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Henry H. Goddard

Henry Herbert Goddard (August 14, 1866 – June 18, 1957) was a prominent American psychologist and eugenicist during the early 20th century.

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Heredity

Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.

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Heritability

Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population.

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Hijab

A hijab (حجاب, or (dialectal)) is a veil worn by some Muslim women in the presence of any male outside of their immediate family, which usually covers the head and chest.

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History of China

The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC,William G. Boltz, Early Chinese Writing, World Archaeology, Vol.

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History of India

The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism;Sanderson, Alexis (2009), "The Śaiva Age: The Rise and Dominance of Śaivism during the Early Medieval Period." In: Genesis and Development of Tantrism, edited by Shingo Einoo, Tokyo: Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo, 2009.

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Human overpopulation

Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.

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Identity (social science)

In psychology, identity is the qualities, beliefs, personality, looks and/or expressions that make a person (self-identity) or group (particular social category or social group).

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In vitro fertilisation

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro ("in glass").

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Indenture

An indenture is a legal contract that reflects or covers a debt or purchase obligation.

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Indian Child Welfare Act

The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 (ICWA) ((), codified at.Indian Child Welfare Act) is a Federal law that governs jurisdiction over the removal of Native American (Indian) children from their families.

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Indigenous peoples

Indigenous peoples, also known as first peoples, aboriginal peoples or native peoples, are ethnic groups who are the pre-colonial original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.

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Infertility

Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means.

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Inheritance

Inheritance is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual.

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Institutionalisation

Institutionalisation (or institutionalization) refers to the process of embedding some conception (for example a belief, norm, social role, particular value or mode of behavior) within an organization, social system, or society as a whole.

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International adoption

International adoption (also referred to as intercountry adoption or transnational adoption) is a type of adoption in which an individual or couple becomes the legal and permanent parent(s) of a child who is a national of a different country.

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International Soundex Reunion Registry

The International Soundex Reunion Registry, Inc.

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Jewish Virtual Library

The Jewish Virtual Library ("JVL", formerly known as JSOURCE) is an online encyclopedia published by the American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE).

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Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction (from the Latin ius, iuris meaning "law" and dicere meaning "to speak") is the practical authority granted to a legal body to administer justice within a defined field of responsibility, e.g., Michigan tax law.

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Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany

Kidnapping of foreign children by Nazi Germany (Rabunek dzieci), part of the Generalplan Ost (GPO), involved taking children regarded as "Aryan-looking" from the rest of Europe and moving them to Nazi Germany for the purpose of Germanization, or indoctrination into becoming culturally German.

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Legal guardian

A legal guardian is a person who has the legal authority (and the corresponding duty) to care for the personal and property interests of another person, called a ward.

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Legal process

Legal process (or sometimes "process"), are the proceedings in any civil lawsuit or criminal prosecution and, particularly, describes the formal notice or writ used by a court to exercise jurisdiction over a person or property.

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Legitimacy (family law)

Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

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List of orphans and foundlings

Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.

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Lucca

Lucca is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio, in a fertile plain near the Tyrrhenian Sea.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Meet the Robinsons

Meet the Robinsons is a 2007 American computer-animated science fiction comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures on March 30, 2007.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Minnesota

Minnesota is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States.

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Monastery

A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits).

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Napoleonic Code

The Napoleonic Code (officially Code civil des Français, referred to as (le) Code civil) is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804.

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National Adoption Day

On National Adoption Day courts and communities in the United States come together to finalize thousands of adoptions of children from foster care.

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National Reorganization Process

The National Reorganization Process (Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, often simply el Proceso, "the Process") was the name used by its leaders for the military dictatorship that ruled Argentina from 1976 to 1983.

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Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.

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Need for affiliation

The need for affiliation (N-Affil) is a term that was popularized by David McClelland and describes a person's need to feel a sense of involvement and "belonging" within a social group; McClellend's thinking was strongly influenced by the pioneering work of Henry Murray who first identified underlying psychological human needs and motivational processes (1938).

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Oblation

Oblation, meaning an offering (Late Latin oblatio, from offerre, oblatum, to offer), is a term used, particularly in ecclesiastical use, for a solemn offering or presentation to God.

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Open adoption

Open adoption is a form of adoption in which the biological and adoptive families have access to varying degrees of each other's personal information and have an option of contact.

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Oppositional defiant disorder

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is defined by the DSM-5 as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness" in children and adolescents.

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Orphan Train

The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.

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Orphanage

An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.

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Parental leave

Parental leave or family leave is an employee benefit available in almost all countries.

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Parental responsibility (access and custody)

In the nations of the European Union and in the United Kingdom, parental responsibility refers to the rights and privileges which underpin the relationship between a child and either or both of the child's parents or those adults who are granted parental responsibility by either signing a 'parental responsibility agreement' with the mother or getting a 'parental responsibility order' from a court.

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Parenting

Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.

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Petition

A petition is a request to do something, most commonly addressed to a government official or public entity.

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Polynesian culture

Polynesian culture is the culture of the indigenous peoples of Polynesia who share common traits in language, customs and society.

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Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey.

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Progressivism in the United States

Progressivism in the United States is a broadly based reform movement that reached its height early in the 20th century and is generally considered to be middle class and reformist in nature.

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Putative father registry

In the United States, the putative father registry is a state level legal option for unmarried males to document through a notary public any female they engage with in intercourse, for the purpose of retaining parental rights for any child they may father.

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Reactive attachment disorder

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is described in clinical literature as a severe and relatively uncommon disorder that can affect children.

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Rights

Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory.

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Rigveda

The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद, from "praise" and "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns along with associated commentaries on liturgy, ritual and mystical exegesis.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Safe-haven law

Safe-haven laws (also known in some states as "Baby Moses laws", in reference to the religious scripture) are statutes in the United States that decriminalize the leaving of unharmed infants with statutorily designated private persons so that the child becomes a ward of the state.

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Sexual revolution

The sexual revolution, also known as a time of sexual liberation, was a social movement that challenged traditional codes of behavior related to sexuality and interpersonal relationships throughout the United States and subsequently, the wider world, from the 1960s to the 1980s.

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Slavs

Slavs are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the various Slavic languages of the larger Balto-Slavic linguistic group.

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Social work

Social work is an academic discipline and profession that concerns itself with individuals, families, groups and communities in an effort to enhance social functioning and overall well-being.

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Statute

A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a city, state, or country.

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Stereotype

In social psychology, a stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular category of people.

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Stolen Generations

The Stolen Generations (also known as Stolen Children) were the children of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent who were removed from their families by the Australian Federal and State government agencies and church missions, under acts of their respective parliaments.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Tay–Sachs disease

Tay–Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that results in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.

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The Girls Who Went Away

The Girls Who Went Away: The Hidden History of Women Who Surrendered Children for Adoption in the Decades Before Roe v. Wade is a 2006 book by Ann Fessler which describes and recounts the experiences of women in the United States who relinquished babies for adoption between 1950 and the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973.

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The Mental and Social Life of Babies

The Mental and Social Life of Babies is a 1982 book by Kenneth Kaye.

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Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was an American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909.

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Title X

The Title X Family Planning Program, officially known as Public Law 91-572 or “Population Research and Voluntary Family Planning Programs”, was enacted under President Richard Nixon in 1970 as part of the Public Health Service Act.

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Waif

A waif (from the Old French guaif, "stray beast")Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1).

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West Germany

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.

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20th century

The 20th century was a century that began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000.

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Adopt, Adopted, Adopted child, Adopted parent, Adoptee, Adoptees, Adopting, Adopting parents, Adoption Outreach, Adoption Triad, Adoption agencies, Adoption agency, Adoption attorney, Adoption parenting, Adoptiv, Adoptive, Adoptive families, Adoptive family, Child adoption, Common law adoption, Common-law adoption, Domestic adoption, Sub-mom.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adoption

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