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Autonomous communities of Spain

Index Autonomous communities of Spain

In Spain, an autonomous community (comunidad autónoma, autonomia erkidegoa, comunitat autònoma, comunidade autónoma, comunautat autonòma) is a first-level political and administrative division, created in accordance with the Spanish constitution of 1978, with the aim of guaranteeing limited autonomy of the nationalities and regions that make up Spain. [1]

199 relations: ABC (newspaper), Adolfo Suárez, Alberto Núñez Feijóo, Andalusia, Aragon, Aragonese language, Artur Mas, Astur-Leonese languages, Asturias, Autonomous administrative division, Autonomous administrative divisions of Spain, Autonomous Communities Administration, Axel Springer SE, Álava, Ángel Garrido, Balearic Islands, Barcelona, Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country (greater region), Basque Economic Agreement, Basque language, Basque Nationalist Party, Bien de Interés Cultural, Biscay, Cabinet (government), Canarian Coalition, Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castile and León, Castilla–La Mancha, Catalan language, Catalonia, Central Intelligence Agency, Ceuta, Civil Code of Catalonia, Civil service, Comarcal council, Communities of chartered regime, Community of Madrid, Congress of Deputies, Constitution of Spain, Constitutional Court of Spain, Cortes Generales, D'Hondt method, Decentralization, Devolution, Economy of Spain, El País, Emiliano García-Page, Enlightenment in Spain, ..., Equalization payments, Ertzaintza, Ethnologue, Euro, Extremadura, Fala language, Fathers of the Constitution, Federalism, Federation, Felipe González, Foreign Policy, Francina Armengol, Francisco Franco, Francoist Spain, Fuero, Galicia (Spain), Galician language, Generalitat de Catalunya, Geroa Bai, Gipuzkoa, Gross domestic product, Guillermo Fernández Vara, HighBeam Research, Iñigo Urkullu, Ibarretxe Plan, Javier Fernández Fernández, José Ignacio Ceniceros, José María Aznar, Josep Tarradellas, Juan Jesús Vivas, Juan José Imbroda, Juan Vicente Herrera, Judiciary, Junts per Catalunya, La Rioja (Spain), Languages of Spain, Las Palmas, Leader of the Opposition (Spain), Lehendakari, Leonese dialect, Logroño, Madrid, Mariano Rajoy, Mérida, Spain, Melilla, Miguel Ángel Revilla, Monarchy of Spain, Mossos d'Esquadra, Municipalities of Spain, Murcia, Names given to the Spanish language, Nationalities and regions of Spain, Navarre, New Castile (Spain), Occitan language, OECD, Old Castile, Oviedo, Palma de Mallorca, Pamplona, Parliamentary system, People's Alliance (Spain), People's Party (Spain), Peripheral nationalism, Policía Foral, Political divisions of Spain, Prime Minister of Spain, Princeton University Press, Proportional representation, Province of A Coruña, Province of Albacete, Province of Alicante, Province of Almería, Province of Ávila, Province of Badajoz, Province of Barcelona, Province of Burgos, Province of Castellón, Province of Cáceres, Province of Cádiz, Province of Córdoba (Spain), Province of Ciudad Real, Province of Cuenca, Province of Girona, Province of Granada, Province of Guadalajara, Province of Huelva, Province of Huesca, Province of Jaén (Spain), Province of Las Palmas, Province of León, Province of Lleida, Province of Lugo, Province of Málaga, Province of Ourense, Province of Palencia, Province of Pontevedra, Province of Salamanca, Province of Segovia, Province of Seville, Province of Soria, Province of Tarragona, Province of Tenerife, Province of Teruel, Province of Toledo, Province of Valencia, Province of Valladolid, Province of Zamora, Province of Zaragoza, Provinces of Spain, Quim Torra, Ranked lists of Spanish autonomous communities, Referendum, Region of Murcia, Regionalist Party of Cantabria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santander, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Second Spanish Republic, Self-determination, Seville, SIL International, Social insurance, Socialists' Party of Catalonia, Spain, Spanish Civil War, Spanish nationalism, Spanish nationality law, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Spanish transition to democracy, Statute of Autonomy, Supreme Court of Spain, Susana Díaz, Thomas Piketty, Toledo, Spain, Transfer payment, Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain), Unitary state, Universal suffrage, Uxue Barkos, Valencia, Valencian, Valencian Community, Valladolid, Vitoria-Gasteiz, West European Politics, Ximo Puig, Zaragoza, 1833 territorial division of Spain. Expand index (149 more) »

ABC (newspaper)

ABC is a Spanish national daily newspaper.

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Adolfo Suárez

Adolfo Suárez González, 1st Duke of Suárez, GE, KOGF, OCIII (25 September 1932 – 23 March 2014) was a Spanish lawyer and politician.

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Alberto Núñez Feijóo

Alberto Núñez Feijóo (born 10 September 1961 in Ourense, Spain) is the 5th and current President of the Xunta of Galicia.

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Andalusia

Andalusia (Andalucía) is an autonomous community in southern Spain.

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Aragon

Aragon (or, Spanish and Aragón, Aragó or) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon.

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Aragonese language

Aragonese (aragonés in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken in several dialects by 10,000 to 30,000 people in the Pyrenees valleys of Aragon, Spain, primarily in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza/Ribagorça.

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Artur Mas

Artur Mas i Gavarró (born 31 January 1956) is a Spanish politician, Catalan nationalist.

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Astur-Leonese languages

Astur-Leonese is a group of closely related Romance languages of the West Iberian branch, including.

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Asturias

Asturias (Asturies; Asturias), officially the Principality of Asturias (Principado de Asturias; Principáu d'Asturies), is an autonomous community in north-west Spain.

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Autonomous administrative division

An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has a degree of self-governance, or autonomy, from an external authority.

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Autonomous administrative divisions of Spain

Spain uses the designation "autonomous" for two types of its administrative subdivisions:Article 2.

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Autonomous Communities Administration

The Administration of the Autonomous Communities, also known as Autonomous Administration, is a Public Administration of Spain.

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Axel Springer SE

Axel Springer SE is the largest digital publishing house in Europe, with numerous multimedia news brands, such as Bild, Die Welt, and Fakt and more than 15,000 employees.

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Álava

Álava (in Spanish) or Araba (in Basque, dialectal), officially Araba/Álava, is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Álava, former medieval Catholic bishopric and now Latin titular see.

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Ángel Garrido

Ángel Garrido García (born 7 April 1964) is a Spanish politician of the People's Party of the Community of Madrid.

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Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands (Illes Balears,; Islas Baleares) are an archipelago of Spain in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Barcelona

Barcelona is a city in Spain.

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Basque Country (autonomous community)

The Basque Country (Euskadi; País Vasco; Pays Basque), officially the Basque Autonomous Community (Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa, EAE; Comunidad Autónoma Vasca, CAV) is an autonomous community in northern Spain.

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Basque Country (greater region)

The Basque Country (Euskal Herria; Pays basque; Vasconia, País Vasco) is the name given to the home of the Basque people.

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Basque Economic Agreement

The Economic Agreement (kontzertu ekonomikoa, Concierto económico) is a juridical instrument that regulates the taxation and financial relations between the General Administration of the Kingdom of Spain and the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country.

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Basque language

Basque (euskara) is a language spoken in the Basque country and Navarre. Linguistically, Basque is unrelated to the other languages of Europe and, as a language isolate, to any other known living language. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% of Basques in all territories (751,500). Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion. Native speakers live in a contiguous area that includes parts of four Spanish provinces and the three "ancient provinces" in France. Gipuzkoa, most of Biscay, a few municipalities of Álava, and the northern area of Navarre formed the core of the remaining Basque-speaking area before measures were introduced in the 1980s to strengthen the language. By contrast, most of Álava, the western part of Biscay and central and southern areas of Navarre are predominantly populated by native speakers of Spanish, either because Basque was replaced by Spanish over the centuries, in some areas (most of Álava and central Navarre), or because it was possibly never spoken there, in other areas (Enkarterri and southeastern Navarre). Under Restorationist and Francoist Spain, public use of Basque was frowned upon, often regarded as a sign of separatism; this applied especially to those regions that did not support Franco's uprising (such as Biscay or Gipuzkoa). However, in those Basque-speaking regions that supported the uprising (such as Navarre or Álava) the Basque language was more than merely tolerated. Overall, in the 1960s and later, the trend reversed and education and publishing in Basque began to flourish. As a part of this process, a standardised form of the Basque language, called Euskara Batua, was developed by the Euskaltzaindia in the late 1960s. Besides its standardised version, the five historic Basque dialects are Biscayan, Gipuzkoan, and Upper Navarrese in Spain, and Navarrese–Lapurdian and Souletin in France. They take their names from the historic Basque provinces, but the dialect boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used—and easily understood by all Basque speakers—in formal situations (education, mass media, literature), and this is its main use today. In both Spain and France, the use of Basque for education varies from region to region and from school to school. A language isolate, Basque is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-Indo-European languages in Europe, and the only one in Western Europe. The origin of the Basques and of their languages is not conclusively known, though the most accepted current theory is that early forms of Basque developed prior to the arrival of Indo-European languages in the area, including the Romance languages that geographically surround the Basque-speaking region. Basque has adopted a good deal of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, and Basque speakers have in turn lent their own words to Romance speakers. The Basque alphabet uses the Latin script.

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Basque Nationalist Party

The Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ; Partido Nacionalista Vasco, PNV; Parti Nationaliste Basque, PNB; EAJ-PNV) is a Christian democratic and Basque nationalist party.

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Bien de Interés Cultural

A Bien de Interés Cultural is a category of the heritage register in Spain.

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Biscay

Biscay (Bizkaia; Vizcaya) is a province of Spain located just south of the Bay of Biscay.

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Cabinet (government)

A cabinet is a body of high-ranking state officials, typically consisting of the top leaders of the executive branch.

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Canarian Coalition

The Canarian Coalition (Coalición Canaria, CC) is a regionalist, Canarian nationalist, and conservative political party in Spain operating in the Canary Islands.

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Canary Islands

The Canary Islands (Islas Canarias) is a Spanish archipelago and autonomous community of Spain located in the Atlantic Ocean, west of Morocco at the closest point.

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Cantabria

Cantabria is a historic Spanish community and autonomous community with Santander as its capital city.

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Castile and León

Castile and León (Castilla y León; Leonese: Castiella y Llión; Castela e León) is an autonomous community in north-western Spain.

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Castilla–La Mancha

Castilla–La Mancha (or Castile–La Mancha) is an autonomous community of Spain.

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Catalan language

Catalan (autonym: català) is a Western Romance language derived from Vulgar Latin and named after the medieval Principality of Catalonia, in northeastern modern Spain.

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Catalonia

Catalonia (Catalunya, Catalonha, Cataluña) is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).

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Ceuta

Ceuta (also;; Berber language: Sebta) is an Spanish autonomous city on the north coast of Africa, separated by 14 kilometres from Cadiz province on the Spanish mainland by the Strait of Gibraltar and sharing a 6.4 kilometre land border with M'diq-Fnideq Prefecture in the Kingdom of Morocco.

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Civil Code of Catalonia

The Civil Code of Catalonia (in Catalan: Codi Civil de Catalunya) is the main codified law of civil law in force in Catalonia, adopted in 2002 and organized into six books.

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Civil service

The civil service is independent of government and composed mainly of career bureaucrats hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership.

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Comarcal council

The comarcal council (Catalan: consell comarcal, Galician: consello comarcal, Spanish: consejo comarcal), also somewhat misleadingly referred to as county council, is a local administration and government organ in the comarcas of some territories, such as the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia, Aragon and Galicia.

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Communities of chartered regime

The constitution of Spain of 1978 allowed for the nationalities and regions that integrate the Spanish nation to accede to self-government and be constituted as autonomous communities,First article.

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Community of Madrid

The Community of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain.

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Congress of Deputies

The Congress of Deputies (Congreso de los Diputados; Diputatuen Kongresua; Congrés dels Diputats; Congreso dos Deputados) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch.

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Constitution of Spain

The Spanish Constitution (Constitución Española; Espainiako Konstituzioa; Constitució Espanyola; Constitución Española; Constitucion espanhòla) is the democratic law that is supreme in the Kingdom of Spain.

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Constitutional Court of Spain

The Constitutional Court of Spain (Tribunal Constitucional de España) is the supreme interpreter of the Spanish Constitution, with the power to determine the constitutionality of acts and statutes made by any public body, central, regional, or local.

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Cortes Generales

The Cortes Generales (General Courts) are the bicameral legislature of the Kingdom of Spain, consisting of two chambers: the Congress of Deputies (the lower house) and the Senate (the upper house).

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D'Hondt method

The D'Hondt method or the Jefferson method is a highest averages method for allocating seats, and is thus a type of party-list proportional representation.

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Decentralization

Decentralization is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group.

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Devolution

Devolution is the statutory delegation of powers from the central government of a sovereign state to govern at a subnational level, such as a regional or local level.

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Economy of Spain

The economy of Spain is the world's fourteenth-largest by nominal GDP, and it is also one of the largest in the world by purchasing power parity.

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El País

El País (literally The Country) is the most read newspaper (231,140 printed copies) in Spain and the most circulated daily newspaper (180,765 circulation average), according to data certified by the Office of Justification of Dissemination (OJD) and referring to the period of January 2017 to December 2017.

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Emiliano García-Page

Emiliano García-Page Sánchez (born 11 June 1968) is a Spanish politician from the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party who is the President of Castile-La Mancha since 2015.

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Enlightenment in Spain

The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment (in Spanish, Ilustración) came to Spain in the eighteenth century with the new Bourbon dynasty, following the death of the last Habsburg monarch, Charles II, in 1700.

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Equalization payments

Equalization payments are cash payments made in some federal systems of government from the federal government to subnational governments with the objective of offsetting differences in available revenue or in the cost of providing services.

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Ertzaintza

The Ertzaintza (Public Guard or People's Guard), is the police force for the Basque Country.

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Ethnologue

Ethnologue: Languages of the World is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world.

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Euro

The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the European Union.

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Extremadura

Extremadura (is an autonomous community of western Iberian Peninsula whose capital city is Mérida, recognised by the State of Autonomy of Extremadura. It is made up of the two largest provinces of Spain: Cáceres and Badajoz. It is bordered by the provinces of Salamanca and Ávila (Castile and León) to the north; by provinces of Toledo and Ciudad Real (Castile–La Mancha) to the east, and by the provinces of Huelva, Seville, and Córdoba (Andalusia) to the south; and by Portugal to the west. Its official language is Spanish. It is an important area for wildlife, particularly with the major reserve at Monfragüe, which was designated a National Park in 2007, and the International Tagus River Natural Park (Parque Natural Tajo Internacional). The government of Extremadura is called. The Day of Extremadura is celebrated on 8 September. It coincides with the Catholic festivity of Our Lady of Guadalupe.

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Fala language

Fala ("Speech", also called Xalimego) is a Romance language commonly classified in the Portuguese-Galician subgroup, with some traits from Leonese, spoken in Spain by about 10,500 people, of whom 5,500 live in a valley of the northwestern part of Extremadura near the border with Portugal.

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Fathers of the Constitution

The Fathers of the Constitution (Padres de la Constitución) were the seven political leaders who participated in the writing of the Spanish Constitution of 1978.

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Federalism

Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government (the central or 'federal' government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system.

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Federation

A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central (federal) government.

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Felipe González

Felipe González Márquez (born 5 March 1942) is a Spanish lawyer, professor, and politician, who was the Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) from 1974 to 1997, and the 3rd Prime Minister of Spain since the restoration of democracy, from 1982 to 1996.

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Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy is an American news publication, founded in 1970 and focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy.

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Francina Armengol

Francesca Lluc Armengol Socías, known as Francina Armengol (born 11 August 1971 in Inca), is a Spanish politician from the Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who ruled over Spain as a military dictator from 1939, after the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War, until his death in 1975.

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Francoist Spain

Francoist Spain (España franquista) or the Franco regime (Régimen de Franco), formally known as the Spanish State (Estado Español), is the period of Spanish history between 1939, when Francisco Franco took control of Spain after the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War establishing a dictatorship, and 1975, when Franco died and Prince Juan Carlos was crowned King of Spain.

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Fuero

Fuero, Fur, Foro or Foru is a Spanish legal term and concept.

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Galicia (Spain)

Galicia (Galician: Galicia, Galiza; Galicia; Galiza) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law.

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Galician language

Galician (galego) is an Indo-European language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch.

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Generalitat de Catalunya

The Government of Catalonia or the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan;,; Generalidad de Cataluña) is the institution under which the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia is politically organised.

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Geroa Bai

Geroa Bai (Yes to the Future) is a regional political coalition in the Navarre constituency, created for the 2011 election to the Cortes Generales.

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Gipuzkoa

Gipuzkoa (in Guipúzcoa) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Guillermo Fernández Vara

Guillermo Fernández Vara (Olivenza, 1958) is a Spanish politician from the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party who has been the President of Extremadura since 2015.

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HighBeam Research

HighBeam Research is a paid search engine and full text online archive owned by Gale, a subsidiary Cengage, for thousands of newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines, and encyclopedias in English.

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Iñigo Urkullu

Íñigo Urkullu Renteria (born 18 September 1961) is a Spanish politician from Alonsotegi, the Lehendakari of the Basque Government since 2012.

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Ibarretxe Plan

The Political statute of the Community of the Basque Country, more known as Ibarretxe Plan was a proposal by former lehendakari Juan Jose Ibarretxe to radically alter the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country proposing a free association of the Basque Country with Spain on an equal footing, and that including a right to self-determination.

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Javier Fernández Fernández

Javier Fernández Fernández (born January 7, 1948 in Mieres, Asturias) is a Spanish politician, mining engineer, and civil servant.

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José Ignacio Ceniceros

José Ignacio Ceniceros González (born 11 May 1956) is a Spanish politician and member of the People's Party (PP).

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José María Aznar

José María Alfredo Aznar López (born 25 February 1953) is a Spanish politician who served as the Prime Minister of Spain from 1996 to 2004.

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Josep Tarradellas

Josep Tarradellas i Joan, 1st Marquess of Tarradellas (Cervelló, Baix Llobregat, Catalonia, Kingdom of Spain; 1899 – Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; 1988) was a Spanish politician.

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Juan Jesús Vivas

Juan Jesús Vivas Lara (Ceuta, 27 February 1953) is a Spanish politician who is the current Mayor-President of the autonomous city of Ceuta in Spain, since 8 February 2001.

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Juan José Imbroda

Juan José Imbroda Ortiz (born 24 June 1944 in Melilla) is a Spanish politician who has been the mayor-president of the Spanish enclave of Melilla since 2000.

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Juan Vicente Herrera

Juan Vicente Herrera Campo (born 23 January 1956 in Burgos) is a Spanish politician, President of the Junta of Castile and León since 2001 and member of the conservative People's Party.

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Judiciary

The judiciary (also known as the judicial system or court system) is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state.

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Junts per Catalunya

Junts per Catalunya (Together for Catalonia, JuntsxCat) is a Catalan political platform centered around former President of the Generalitat of Catalonia Carles Puigdemont and formed by the Catalan European Democratic Party (PDeCAT), successor of the now defunct Democratic Convergence of Catalonia, and independents to contest the 2017 Catalan regional election.

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La Rioja (Spain)

La Rioja is an autonomous community and a province in Spain, located in the north of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Languages of Spain

The languages of Spain (lenguas de España), or Spanish languages (lenguas españolas), are the languages spoken or once spoken in Spain.

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Las Palmas

Las Palmas, officially Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, is a city and capital of Gran Canaria island, in the Canary Islands, on the Atlantic Ocean.

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Leader of the Opposition (Spain)

The Leader of the Opposition (Líder de la oposición) is an unofficial, mostly conventional and honorary title traditionally held by the leader of the largest party in the Congress of Deputies—the lower house of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales—not within the government.

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Lehendakari

The President of the Basque Government (Eusko Jaurlaritzako lehendakaria, presidente del Gobierno Vasco), usually known in English as the Lehendakari (lehendakari, lendakari), is the head of government of the Basque Autonomous Community.

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Leonese dialect

Leonese is a set of vernacular Romance dialects spoken in the northern and western portions of the historical region of León in Spain (the modern provinces of León, Zamora, and Salamanca) and a few adjoining areas in Portugal.

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Logroño

Logroño is a city in northern Spain, on the Ebro River.

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Madrid

Madrid is the capital of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole.

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Mariano Rajoy

Mariano Rajoy Brey (born 27 March 1955) is a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 2011 to 2018, when a vote of no confidence ousted his government.

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Mérida, Spain

Mérida (Extremaduran: Méria) is the capital of the autonomous community of Extremadura, western central Spain.

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Melilla

Melilla (مليلية, Maliliyyah; ⵎⵔⵉⵜⵙ, Mřič) is a Spanish autonomous city located on the north coast of Africa, sharing a border with Morocco, with an area of.

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Miguel Ángel Revilla

Miguel Ángel Revilla Roiz (born 23 January 1943 in Polaciones, Cantabria) is a Spanish politician, the current President of the Autonomous Community of Cantabria.

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Monarchy of Spain

The monarchy of Spain (Monarquía de España), constitutionally referred to as the Crown (La Corona), is a constitutional institution and historic office of Spain.

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Mossos d'Esquadra

The Mossos d'Esquadra (in English: Troopers, literally "Squad Lads", "Squaddies") are the police force of Catalonia, largely replacing the Policía Nacional of other regions of Spain.

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Municipalities of Spain

The municipalities of Spain (municipios,, municipis, concellos, udalerriak; sing. municipio)In other languages of Spain.

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Murcia

Murcia is a city in south-eastern Spain, the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia, and the seventh largest city in the country, with a population of 442,573 inhabitants in 2009 (about one third of the total population of the Region).

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Names given to the Spanish language

There are two names given in Spanish to the Spanish language: español ("Spanish") and castellano ("Castilian").

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Nationalities and regions of Spain

Spain is a diverse country integrated by different contrasting entities that show varying economic and social structures, as well as different languages and historical, political and cultural traditions.

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Navarre

Navarre (Navarra, Nafarroa; Navarra), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre (Spanish: Comunidad Foral de Navarra; Basque: Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea), is an autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Nouvelle-Aquitaine in France.

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New Castile (Spain)

New Castile is a historic region of Spain.

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Occitan language

Occitan, also known as lenga d'òc (langue d'oc) by its native speakers, is a Romance language.

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OECD

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 35 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.

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Old Castile

Old Castile (Castilla la Vieja) is a historic region of Spain, which included territory that later corresponded to the provinces of Santander (now Cantabria), Burgos, Logroño (now La Rioja), Soria, Segovia, Ávila, Valladolid and Palencia.

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Oviedo

Oviedo or Uviéu (officially in Asturian) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region.

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Palma de Mallorca

Palma de Mallorca, frequently used name for the city of Palma, is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain.

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Pamplona

Pamplona (Pampelune) or Iruña (alternative spelling: Iruñea) is the historical capital city of Navarre, in Spain, and of the former Kingdom of Navarre.

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Parliamentary system

A parliamentary system is a system of democratic governance of a state where the executive branch derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the confidence of the legislative branch, typically a parliament, and is also held accountable to that parliament.

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People's Alliance (Spain)

The People's Alliance (Alianza Popular, AP) was a post-Francoist electoral coalition, and later a conservative political party in Spain, founded in 1976 as federation of political associations.

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People's Party (Spain)

The People's Party (Partido Popular; known mostly by its acronym, PP) is a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Spain.

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Peripheral nationalism

Peripheral nationalism refers to the nationalist sentiments of some regions or territorial entities within a sovereign state, in occasions in conflict with the larger concept of the nation-state in which they reside, and trying to construct a minority social space.

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Policía Foral

The Chartered Police of Navarre (Policía Foral de Navarra, Nafarroako Foruzaingoa) is the regional police force for the chartered autonomous community of Navarre in Spain.

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Political divisions of Spain

The political division of the Kingdom of Spain is defined in Part VIII of the Spanish constitution of 1978, which establishes three levels of territorial organization: municipalities, provinces and autonomous communities, the first group constituting the subdivisions of the second, and the second group constituting the subdivisions of the last.

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Prime Minister of Spain

The Prime Minister of Spain, officially the President of the Government of Spain (Presidente del Gobierno de España), is the head of the government of Spain.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Proportional representation

Proportional representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems by which divisions into an electorate are reflected proportionately into the elected body.

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Province of A Coruña

The province of A Coruña (La Coruña; Corunna) is the most Northwestern Atlantic-facing province of Spain, and one of the four provinces which constitute the autonomous community of Galicia.

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Province of Albacete

Albacete (Provincia de Albacete) is a province of central Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.

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Province of Alicante

Alicante, or Alacant, is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the Valencian Community.

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Province of Almería

Almería is a province of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain.

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Province of Ávila

Ávila is a province of central-western Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Badajoz

The province of Badajoz is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura.

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Province of Barcelona

Barcelona is a province of eastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Province of Burgos

The province of Burgos is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Castellón

Castellón or Castelló is a province in the northern part of the Valencian Community, Spain.

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Province of Cáceres

The province of Cáceres is a province of western Spain, and makes up the northern half of the autonomous community of Extremadura.

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Province of Cádiz

Cádiz is a province of southern Spain, in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Province of Córdoba (Spain)

Córdoba, also called Cordova in English, is a province of southern Spain, in the north-central part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Province of Ciudad Real

The province of Ciudad Real (Royal City) is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain.

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Province of Cuenca

Cuenca is one of the five provinces of the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha.

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Province of Girona

Girona (Gerona) is a province of Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Province of Granada

Granada is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Province of Guadalajara

Guadalajara (from Arabic وادي الحجارة wādi al-ħajāra, "streambed/valley of stones") is a province of central/north-central Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.

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Province of Huelva

Huelva is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Province of Huesca

Huesca (Uesca, Osca), officially Huesca/Uesca, is a province of northeastern Spain, in northern Aragon.

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Province of Jaén (Spain)

Jaén is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Province of Las Palmas

The Province of Las Palmas (Provincia de Las Palmas) is a province of Spain, consisting of the eastern part of the autonomous community of the Canary Islands.

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Province of León

León is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Lleida

Monastery of Santa Maria de Bellpuig de les Avellanes. The Province of Lleida (Lérida; Lhèida) is one of the four provinces of Catalonia.

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Province of Lugo

Lugo is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia.

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Province of Málaga

The Province of Málaga (Provincia de Málaga) is located on the southern mediterranean coast of Spain, in Andalusia.

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Province of Ourense

Ourense is a province of northwestern Spain, in the southeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia.

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Province of Palencia

Palencia is a province of northern Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Province of Pontevedra

Pontevedra is a province of Spain along the country's Atlantic coast in southwestern Europe.

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Province of Salamanca

Salamanca is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León).

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Province of Segovia

Segovia is a province of central/northern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Seville

Senado | dirigentes_nombres.

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Province of Soria

Soria is a province of central Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Tarragona

Tarragona is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia.

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Province of Tenerife

Province of Tenerife, also Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Provincia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife), is a province of Spain, consisting of the western part of the autonomous community of the Canary Islands.

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Province of Teruel

Teruel (Catalan Terol) is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain.

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Province of Toledo

Toledo is a province of central Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.

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Province of Valencia

Valencia or València is a province of Spain, in the central part of the Valencian Community.

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Province of Valladolid

Valladolid is a province of northwest Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Zamora

Zamora is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Province of Zaragoza

Zaragoza, also called Saragossa in English, is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Aragon.

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Provinces of Spain

Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces (provincias,; sing. provincia).

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Quim Torra

Joaquim Torra i Pla (born 28 December 1962), known as Quim Torra, is a lawyer and journalist from Catalonia, Spain.

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Ranked lists of Spanish autonomous communities

This article includes several ranked indicators for Spain's autonomous communities, as well as for the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

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Referendum

A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.

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Region of Murcia

The Region of Murcia (Región de Murcia, Regió de Múrcia) is an autonomous community of Spain located in the southeast of the state, between Andalusia and Valencian Community, on the Mediterranean coast.

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Regionalist Party of Cantabria

The Regionalist Party of Cantabria (Partido Regionalista de Cantabria, PRC) is the second oldest political party in the Spanish Autonomous Community of Cantabria.

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Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Santa Cruz de Tenerife (commonly abbreviated as Santa Cruz is a global city (with Sufficiency status) and capital (jointly with Las Palmas) of the Canary Islands, the capital of Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and of the island of Tenerife. Santa Cruz has a population of 206,593 (2013) within its administrative limits. The urban zone of Santa Cruz extends beyond the city limits with a population of 507,306 and 538,000 within urban area. It is the second largest city in the Canary Islands and the main city on the island of Tenerife, with nearly half the island population living in or around it. Santa Cruz is located in northeast quadrant of Tenerife, about off the northwestern coast of Africa within the Atlantic Ocean. The distance to the nearest point of mainland Spain is about. Between the 1833 territorial division of Spain and 1927 Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands, until 1927 when a decree ordered that the capital of the Canary Islands be shared, as it remains at present. on wikisource at the official website of the Canary Islands Government The port is of great importance and is the communications hub between Europe, Africa and Americas, with cruise ships arriving from many nations. The city is the focus for domestic and inter-island communications in the Canary Islands. The city is home to the Parliament of the Canary Islands, the Canarian Ministry of the Presidency (shared on a four-year cycle with Las Palmas), one half of the Ministries and Boards of the Canarian Government, (the other half being located in Gran Canaria), the Tenerife Provincial Courts and two courts of the Superior Court of Justice of the Canary Islands. There are several faculties of the La Laguna University in Santa Cruz, including the Fine Arts School and the Naval Sciences Faculty. Its harbour is one of Spain's busiest; it comprises three sectors. It is important for commercial and passenger traffic, as well as for being a major stopover for cruisers en route from Europe to the Caribbean. The city also has one of the world's largest carnivals. The Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife now aspires to become a World Heritage Site, and is the most important of Spain and the second largest in the world. The main landmarks of the city include the Auditorio de Tenerife (Auditorium of Tenerife), the Santa Cruz Towers (Torres de Santa Cruz) and the Iglesia de la Concepción. Santa Cruz de Tenerife hosts the first headquarters of the Center UNESCO in the Canary Islands. In recent years the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife has seen the construction of a significant number of modern structures and the city's skyline is the sixth in height across the country, only behind Madrid, Benidorm, Barcelona, Valencia and Bilbao. In 2012, the British newspaper The Guardian included Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the list of the five best places in the world to live. The 82% of the municipal territory of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is considered a natural area, this is due in large part to the presence of the Anaga Rural Park. This fact makes Santa Cruz the third largest municipality in Spain with the highest percentage of natural territory, after Cuenca (87%) and Cáceres (83%).

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Santander, Spain

The port city of Santander (Cántabru: Sanander) is the capital of the autonomous community and historical region of Cantabria situated on the north coast of Spain.

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Santiago de Compostela

Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain.

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Second Spanish Republic

The Spanish Republic (República Española), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (Segunda República Española), was the democratic government that existed in Spain from 1931 to 1939.

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Self-determination

The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.

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Seville

Seville (Sevilla) is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville, Spain.

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SIL International

SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is a U.S.-based, worldwide, Christian non-profit organization, whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development.

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Social insurance

Social insurance is any government-sponsored program with the following four characteristics.

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Socialists' Party of Catalonia

The Socialists' Party of Catalonia (Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC–PSOE official acronym) is a social-democratic political party in Catalonia, Spain resulting from the merger of two parties Socialist Party of Catalonia–Regrouping led by Josep Pallach i Carolà and Socialist Party of Catalonia–Congress and also the Catalan Federation of the PSOE.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española),Also known as The Crusade (La Cruzada) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War (Cuarta Guerra Carlista) among Carlists, and The Rebellion (La Rebelión) or Uprising (Sublevación) among Republicans.

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Spanish nationalism

Spanish nationalism is the nationalism that asserts that the Spaniards are a nation, and promotes the cultural unity of the Spanish.

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Spanish nationality law

Spanish nationality law refers to all the laws of Spain concerning nationality.

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Spanish Socialist Workers' Party

The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español; PSOE) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources.

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Spanish transition to democracy

The Spanish transition to democracy (Transición española a la democracia), known in Spain as the Transition (La Transición), or the Spanish transition (Transición española) is a period of modern Spanish history, that started on 20 November 1975, the date of death of Francisco Franco, who had established a military dictatorship after the victory of the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War.

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Statute of Autonomy

Nominally, a Statute of Autonomy (Estatuto de Autonomía, Estatut d'Autonomia, Estatuto de Autonomía, Estatutu d' Autonomía, Autonomia Estatutua) is a law hierarchically located under the constitution of a country, and over any other form of legislation (including organic laws).

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Supreme Court of Spain

The Supreme Court of Spain (Tribunal Supremo de España; TS) is the highest court in Spain for all matters not pertaining to the Spanish Constitution.

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Susana Díaz

Susana Díaz Pacheco (born 18 October 1974) is a Spanish politician from Andalusia and a leading figure in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).

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Thomas Piketty

Thomas Piketty (born 7 May 1971) is a French economist whose work focuses on wealth and income inequality.

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Toledo, Spain

Toledo is a city and municipality located in central Spain; it is the capital of the province of Toledo and the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha.

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Transfer payment

In economics, a transfer payment (or government transfer or simply transfer) is a redistribution of income and wealth (payment) made without goods or services being received in return.

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Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)

The Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD, also translated as "Democratic Centre Union") was an electoral coalition, and later political party, in Spain, existing from 1977 to 1983.

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Unitary state

A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate.

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Universal suffrage

The concept of universal suffrage, also known as general suffrage or common suffrage, consists of the right to vote of all adult citizens, regardless of property ownership, income, race, or ethnicity, subject only to minor exceptions.

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Uxue Barkos

Miren Uxue Barkos Berruezo (born 5 July 1964 in Pamplona), simply known as Uxue Barkos, is a Spanish journalist and politician, the current President of Navarre.

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Valencia

Valencia, officially València, on the east coast of Spain, is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third-largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, with around 800,000 inhabitants in the administrative centre.

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Valencian

Valencian (or; endonym: valencià, llengua valenciana, or idioma valencià) is a linguistic variety spoken in the Valencian Community, Spain. In the Valencian Community, Valencian is the traditional language and is co-official with Spanish. It is considered different from Catalan by a slight majority of the people of the Valencian Community (including non-speakers), but this is at odds with the broad academic view, which considers it a dialect of Catalan. A standardized form exists, based on the Southern Valencian dialect. Valencian belongs to the Western group of Catalan dialects. Under the Valencian Statute of Autonomy, the Valencian Academy of the Language (Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua, AVL) has been established as its regulator. The AVL considers Catalan and Valencian to be simply two names for the same language. Some of the most important works of Valencian literature experienced a golden age during the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Important works include Joanot Martorell's chivalric romance Tirant lo Blanch, and Ausiàs March's poetry. The first book produced with movable type in the Iberian Peninsula was printed in the Valencian variety. The earliest recorded chess game with modern rules for moves of the queen and bishop was in the Valencian poem Scachs d'amor (1475).

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Valencian Community

The Valencian Community, or the Valencian Country, is an autonomous community of Spain.

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Valladolid

Valladolid is a city in Spain and the de facto capital of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Vitoria-Gasteiz

Vitoria-Gasteiz is the seat of government and the capital city of the Basque Autonomous Community and of the province of Araba/Álava in northern Spain.

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West European Politics

West European Politics is a peer-reviewed academic journal of comparative politics focusing on Western Europe.

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Ximo Puig

Joaquín Francisco Puig Ferrer, known as Ximo Puig (born 4 January 1959), is a Spanish politician who has served as leader of the Socialist Party of the Valencian Country (PSPV-PSOE), a regional branch of the PSOE, since March 2012.

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Zaragoza

Zaragoza, also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain.

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1833 territorial division of Spain

The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided Spain into provinces, classified into "historic regions" (regiones históricas).

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain

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