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57 relations: Ban (title), Boyar, Bucharest, Catherine the Great, Centralized government, Constantin C. Giurescu, Constantin Racoviță, Constantinople, Corvée, Craiova, Danubian Principalities, Estate (land), Feudalism, Galați, Greek language, Greeks, Grigore II Ghica, Habsburg Monarchy, Historical Romanian taxes, Iași, Indirect tax, Ion Neculce, Ispravnic, Istanbul, John Mavrocordatos, Kaymakam, List of rulers of Moldavia, List of rulers of Wallachia, Mavrocordatos family, Mihai Racoviță, Moldavia, Neagu Djuvara, Nicholas Mavrocordatos, Oltenia, Ottoman Empire, Phanariotes, Prince, Privilege (law), Profession, Quit-rent, Retinue, Romanian language, Russian Empire, Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739), Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774), Salary, Scarlat Ghica, Scutelnic, Serfdom, Sublime Porte, ..., Tax, Thaler, Transylvania, Treasury, Treaty of Belgrade, Voivode, Wallachia. Expand index (7 more) »
Ban (title)
Ban was a noble title used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.
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Boyar
A boyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Kievan, Moscovian, Wallachian and Moldavian and later, Romanian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes (in Bulgaria, tsars), from the 10th century to the 17th century.
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Bucharest
Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre.
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Catherine the Great
Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Yekaterina Alekseyevna; –), also known as Catherine the Great (Екатери́на Вели́кая, Yekaterina Velikaya), born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, was Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796, the country's longest-ruling female leader.
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Centralized government
A centralized government (also centralised government (Oxford spelling)) is one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which '''federal states''', local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject.
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Constantin C. Giurescu
Constantin C. Giurescu (26 October 1901 – 13 November 1977) was a Romanian historian, member of Romanian Academy, and professor at the University of Bucharest.
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Constantin Racoviță
Prince Constantin Racoviţă (1699-1764) was twice monarch of Principality of Moldavia from Ottoman government: 31 August 1749 – 3 July 1753 and 29 February 1756 – 14 March 1757; and also twice of Muntenia: July 1753 – c. 28 February 1756 and 9 March 1763 – 28 January/8 February 1764.
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Constantinople
Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis; Constantinopolis) was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire (330–1204 and 1261–1453), and also of the brief Latin (1204–1261), and the later Ottoman (1453–1923) empires.
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Corvée
Corvée is a form of unpaid, unfree labour, which is intermittent in nature and which lasts limited periods of time: typically only a certain number of days' work each year.
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Craiova
No description.
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Danubian Principalities
Danubian Principalities (Principatele Dunărene, translit) was a conventional name given to the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century.
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Estate (land)
Historically, an estate comprises the houses, outbuildings, supporting farmland, and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property, such as a country house or mansion.
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Feudalism
Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.
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Galați
Galați (also known by other alternative names) is the capital city of Galați County, in the historical region of Moldavia, eastern Romania.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
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Grigore II Ghica
Grigore II Ghica was Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia at four different intervals — from October 1726 to April 16, 1733, from November 27, 1735 to 14 September 1739, from October 1739 to September 1741 and from May 1747 to April 1748 — and twice Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia: April 16, 1733 – November 27, 1735 and April 1748 to September 3, 1752.
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Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918.
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Historical Romanian taxes
This is a glossary of historical Romanian taxes used in the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia.
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Iași
Iași (also referred to as Jassy or Iassy) is the second-largest city in Romania, after the national capital Bucharest, and the seat of Iași County.
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Indirect tax
An indirect tax (such as sales tax, per unit tax, value added tax (VAT), or goods and services tax (GST)) is a tax collected by an intermediary (such as a retail store) from the person who bears the ultimate economic burden of the tax (such as the consumer).
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Ion Neculce
Ion Neculce (1672–1745) was a Moldavian chronicler.
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Ispravnic
An ispravnic or ispravnik was, in the Danubian principalities, the title owned by a clerk or a boyar in charge of law enforcement in a certain county.
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Istanbul
Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.
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John Mavrocordatos
John Mavrocordatos (Greek: Ιωάννης Μαυροκορδάτος, Romanian: Ioan A. Mavrocordat), born in Constantinople on 23 July 1684 and dead in Bucharest on 23 February 1719, was caimacam of Moldavia (7 October 1711 – 16 November 1711) and Prince of Wallachia between 2 December 1716 and 23 February 1719.
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Kaymakam
Qaim Maqam, Qaimaqam or Kaymakam (also spelled kaimakam and caimacam; قائم مقام, "sub-governor") is the title used for the governor of a provincial district in the Republic of Turkey, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and in Lebanon; additionally, it was a title used for roughly the same official position in the Ottoman Empire.
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List of rulers of Moldavia
This is a List of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania.
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List of rulers of Wallachia
This is a list of rulers of Wallachia, from the first mention of a medieval polity situated between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube until the union with Moldavia in 1862, leading to the creation of Romania.
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Mavrocordatos family
Mavrocordatos (also Mavrocordato, Mavrokordatos, Mavrocordat or Mavrogordato; Μαυροκορδάτος) is the name of a family of Phanariot Greeks originating in Chios with Nicholas Mavrocordatos (1522-1570), a branch of which was distinguished in the history of the Ottoman Empire, Wallachia, Moldavia, and modern Greece.
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Mihai Racoviță
Mihai or Mihail Racoviță (died July 1744) was a Prince of Moldavia on three separate occasions (September 1703 – February 23, 1705; July 31, 1707 – October 28, 1709; January 5, 1716 – October 1726) and Prince of Wallachia on two occasions (between October 1730 and October 2, 1731, and from September 1741 until his death).
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Moldavia
Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei (in Romanian Latin alphabet), Цара Мѡлдовєй (in old Romanian Cyrillic alphabet) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertza. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.
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Neagu Djuvara
Neagu Bunea Djuvara (August 18, 1916 – January 25, 2018) was a Romanian historian, essayist, philosopher, journalist, novelist and diplomat.
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Nicholas Mavrocordatos
Nicholas Mavrocordatos (Νικόλαος Μαυροκορδάτος, Nicolae Mavrocordat; May 3, 1670 in ConstantinopleSeptember 3, 1730 in Bucharest) was a Greek member of the Mavrocordatos family, Grand Dragoman to the Divan (1697), and consequently the first Phanariote Hospodar of the Danubian Principalities - Prince of Moldavia, and Prince of Wallachia (both on two separate occasions).
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Oltenia
Oltenia (also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternate Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
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Phanariotes
Phanariotes, Phanariots, or Phanariote Greeks (Φαναριώτες, Fanarioți, Fenerliler) were members of prominent Greek families in PhanarEncyclopædia Britannica,Phanariote, 2008, O.Ed.
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Prince
A prince is a male ruler or member of a monarch's or former monarch's family ranked below a king and above a duke.
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Privilege (law)
A privilege is a certain entitlement to immunity granted by the state or another authority to a restricted group, either by birth or on a conditional basis.
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Profession
A profession is a vocation founded upon specialized educational training, the purpose of which is to supply disinterested objective counsel and service to others, for a direct and definite compensation, wholly apart from expectation of other business gain.
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Quit-rent
Quit rent, quit-rent, or quitrent, is a tax or land tax imposed on occupants of freehold or leased land in lieu of services to a higher landowning authority, usually a government or its assigns.
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Retinue
A retinue is a body of persons "retained" in the service of a noble, royal personage, or dignitary, a suite (literal French meaning: what follows) of "retainers".
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Romanian language
Romanian (obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; autonym: limba română, "the Romanian language", or românește, lit. "in Romanian") is an East Romance language spoken by approximately 24–26 million people as a native language, primarily in Romania and Moldova, and by another 4 million people as a second language.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
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Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1735–1739 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire was caused by the Ottoman Empire's war with Persia and continuing raids by the Crimean Tatars.
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Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 was an armed conflict that brought Kabardia, the part of the Yedisan between the rivers Bug and Dnieper, and Crimea into the Russian sphere of influence.
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Salary
A salary is a form of payment from an employer to an employee, which may be specified in an employment contract.
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Scarlat Ghica
Prince Scarlat Ghica was a Prince of Moldavia (2 March 1757 – 7 August 1758), and twice Prince of Wallachia (August 1758 – 5 June 1761; 18 August 1765 – 2 December 1766).
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Scutelnic
Scutelnic (also scutnic, from Romanian verb scuti, "to exempt", "to absolve"; plural: scitelnici, scutnici) were peasant servants in Wallachia and Moldova who were exempt from state taxes.
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Serfdom
Serfdom is the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism.
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Sublime Porte
The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (باب عالی Bāb-ı Ālī or Babıali, from باب, bāb "gate" and عالي, alī "high"), is a synecdochic metonym for the central government of the Ottoman Empire.
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Tax
A tax (from the Latin taxo) is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon a taxpayer (an individual or other legal entity) by a governmental organization in order to fund various public expenditures.
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Thaler
The thaler was a silver coin used throughout Europe for almost four hundred years.
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Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in today's central Romania.
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Treasury
A treasury is either.
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Treaty of Belgrade
The Treaty of Belgrade, known as the Belgrade peace was the peace treaty signed on September 18, 1739 in Belgrade, Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (today Serbia), by the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy on the other, that ended the Austro–Turkish War (1737–39).
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Voivode
VoivodeAlso spelled "voievod", "woiwode", "voivod", "voyvode", "vojvoda", or "woiwod" (Old Slavic, literally "war-leader" or "warlord") is an Eastern European title that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force.
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Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (Țara Românească; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania.
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Redirects here:
Constantin Mavrocordat, Constantin Nicolae Mavrocordat-Scarlati, Constantine Mavrocordato.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Mavrocordatos
