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Courvoisier's law

Index Courvoisier's law

Courvoisier's law (or Courvoisier syndrome, or Courvoisier's sign or Courvoisier-Terrier's sign) states that in the presence of a palpably enlarged gallbladder which is nontender and accompanied with mild painless jaundice, the cause is unlikely to be gallstones. [1]

25 relations: Abdominal examination, Ampulla of Vater, Biliary tract, Cholangiocarcinoma, Cholecystitis, Common bile duct, Cystic duct, Fibrosis, Gallbladder, Gallbladder cancer, Gallstone, Intrahepatic bile ducts, Ischemia, Jaundice, Klatskin tumor, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ludwig Georg Courvoisier, Mirizzi's syndrome, Mucocele, Murphy's sign, Pancreas, Pancreatic cancer, Quadrant (abdomen), Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, United States.

Abdominal examination

The abdominal exam, in medicine, is performed as part of a physical examination, or when a patient presents with abdominal pain or a history that suggests an abdominal pathology.

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Ampulla of Vater

The ampulla of Vater, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla or the hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct.

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Biliary tract

The biliary tract, (biliary tree or biliary system) refers to the liver, gall bladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and secrete bile.

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Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer or "sneaky Pete", is a form of cancer that is composed of mutated epithelial cells (or cells showing characteristics of epithelial differentiation) that originate in the bile ducts which drain bile from the liver into the small intestine.

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Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder.

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Common bile duct

The common bile duct, sometimes abbreviated CBD, is a duct in the gastrointestinal tract of organisms that have a gall bladder.

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Cystic duct

The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gallbladder to the common bile duct.

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Fibrosis

Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process.

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Gallbladder

In vertebrates, the gallbladder is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine.

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Gallbladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer is a relatively uncommon cancer.

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Gallstone

A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder out of bile components. The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to the diseases caused by gallstones. Most people with gallstones (about 80%) never have symptoms. When a gallstone blocks the bile duct, a crampy pain in the right upper part of the abdomen, known as biliary colic (gallbladder attack) can result. This happens in 1–4% of those with gallstones each year. Complications of gallstones may include inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), jaundice, and infection of a bile duct (cholangitis). Symptoms of these complications may include pain of more than five hours duration, fever, yellowish skin, vomiting, dark urine, and pale stools. Risk factors for gallstones include birth control pills, pregnancy, a family history of gallstones, obesity, diabetes, liver disease, or rapid weight loss. The bile components that form gallstones include cholesterol, bile salts, and bilirubin. Gallstones formed mainly from cholesterol are termed cholesterol stones, and those mainly from bilirubin are termed pigment stones. Gallstones may be suspected based on symptoms. Diagnosis is then typically confirmed by ultrasound. Complications may be detected on blood tests. The risk of gallstones may be decreased by maintaining a healthy weight through sufficient exercise and eating a healthy diet. If there are no symptoms, treatment is usually not needed. In those who are having gallbladder attacks, surgery to remove the gallbladder is typically recommended. This can be carried out either through several small incisions or through a single larger incision, usually under general anesthesia. In rare cases when surgery is not possible medication may be used to try to dissolve the stones or lithotripsy to break down the stones. In developed countries, 10–15% of adults have gallstones. Rates in many parts of Africa, however, are as low as 3%. Gallbladder and biliary related diseases occurred in about 104 million people (1.6%) in 2013 and they resulted in 106,000 deaths. Women more commonly have stones than men and they occur more commonly after the age of 40. Certain ethnic groups have gallstones more often than others. For example, 48% of Native Americans have gallstones. Once the gallbladder is removed, outcomes are generally good.

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Intrahepatic bile ducts

Intrahepatic bile ducts compose the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver.

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Ischemia

Ischemia or ischaemia is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).

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Jaundice

Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels.

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Klatskin tumor

A Klatskin tumor (or hilar cholangiocarcinoma) is a cholangiocarcinoma (cancer of the biliary tree) occurring at the confluence of the right and left hepatic bile ducts.

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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW) is an imprint of the publishing conglomerate Wolters Kluwer.

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Ludwig Georg Courvoisier

Ludwig Georg Courvoisier (10 November 1843 – 8 April 1918) was a surgeon from Basel, Switzerland.

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Mirizzi's syndrome

Mirizzi's syndrome is a rare complication in which a gallstone becomes impacted in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder causing compression of the common bile duct (CBD) or common hepatic duct, resulting in obstruction and jaundice.

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Mucocele

A mucocele is any dilatation (typically pathologic) with accumulation of mucus.

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Murphy's sign

In medicine, Murphy sign refers to a maneuver during a physical examination as part of the abdominal examination and a finding elicited in ultrasonography.

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Pancreas

The pancreas is a glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.

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Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.

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Quadrant (abdomen)

The human abdomen is divided into regions by anatomists and physicians for purposes of study, diagnosis, and therapy.

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Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is characterised by recurrent bouts of bacterial cholangitis with primary hepatolithiasis. It is prevalent in Hong Kong and East Asian including China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines. Apart from affecting humans it is also a common disease in cats.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Courvoisier syndrome, Courvoisier's rule, Courvoisier's sign, Courvoisier-Terrier's sign, Courvoisier-Terriers sign, Courvoisiers law, Courvoisiers sign, Courvoisiers syndrome.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courvoisier's_law

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