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Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Index Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL or DLBL) is a cancer of B cells, a type of white blood cell responsible for producing antibodies. [1]

102 relations: Adoptive cell transfer, Anaplasia, Angiogenesis, Antibody, Antigen, Axicabtagene ciloleucel, B cell, B symptoms, Basophilic, Bcl-2, BCL6, Biopsy, Burkitt's lymphoma, Cachexia, Cancer, Cell growth, Cell migration, Cell nucleus, Centroblasts, Chemotherapy, Chemotherapy regimen, CHOP, Chromatin, Cyclophosphamide, Cytokinesis, Cytoplasm, Cytotoxic T cell, DNA microarray, DNA sequencing, Doxorubicin, Epstein–Barr virus, Etoposide, EXOC2, Extracellular matrix, Fever, Field stain, Five-year survival rate, Gene expression, Gene expression profiling, Genome-wide association study, Germinal center, Germinal center B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Hematology, Hematopathology, HLA-B, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Human leukocyte antigen, Immunoblast, Immunodeficiency, Immunohistochemistry, ..., Incidence (epidemiology), Inter-rater reliability, International Prognostic Index, Lenalidomide, Leukemia, Locus (genetics), Lymph node, Lymphocyte, Macrophage, Malignant transformation, Mediastinal lymph node, Mediastinum, Medical diagnosis, Memory B cell, Meta-analysis, Metastasis, Microenvironment (biology), Micrograph, MicroRNA, Monoclonal antibody, Monoclonal antibody therapy, Morphology (biology), Myc, Neoplasm, NF-κB, Night sweats, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Nuclear receptor coactivator 1, Nucleolus, Oncogene, Oncology, Peripherally inserted central catheter, PET-CT, Plasma cell, Pleomorphism (cytology), Port (medical), Prednisone, Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B cell lymphoma, Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, Prognosis, PVT1, Radiation therapy, Receptor-mediated endocytosis, Reed–Sternberg cell, Rituximab, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, T cell, Thymus, Vincristine, White blood cell, World Health Organization, 1000 Genomes Project. Expand index (52 more) »

Adoptive cell transfer

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is the transfer of cells into a patient.

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Anaplasia

Anaplasia (from ἀνά ana, "backward" + πλάσις plasis, "formation") is a condition of cells with poor cellular differentiation, losing the morphological characteristics of mature cells and their orientation with respect to each other and to endothelial cells.

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Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels.

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Antibody

An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

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Antigen

In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.

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Axicabtagene ciloleucel

Axicabtagene ciloleucel (KTE-C19, Axi-cel), marketed as Yescarta, is an adoptive cell transfer therapy for treating certain cases of large B-cell lymphoma.

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B cell

B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype.

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B symptoms

B symptoms refer to systemic symptoms of fever, night sweats, and weight loss which can be associated with both Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

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Basophilic

Basophilic is a technical term used by histologists.

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Bcl-2

Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), encoded in humans by the BCL2 gene, is the founding member of the Bcl-2 family of regulator proteins that regulate cell death (apoptosis), by either inducing (pro-apoptotic) or inhibiting (anti-apoptotic) apoptosis.

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BCL6

B-cell lymphoma 6 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL6 gene.

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Biopsy

A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist involving extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease.

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Burkitt's lymphoma

Burkitt lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, particularly B lymphocytes found in the germinal center.

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Cachexia

Cachexia, or wasting syndrome, is loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Cell growth

The term cell growth is used in the contexts of biological cell development and cell division (reproduction).

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Cell migration

Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.

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Cell nucleus

In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.

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Centroblasts

A centroblast generally refers to an activated B cell that is enlarged (12-18 micrometer) and proliferating in the germinal center of a secondary lymphoid follicle.

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Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.

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Chemotherapy regimen

A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations.

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CHOP

CHOP is the acronym for a chemotherapy regimen used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

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Chromatin

Chromatin is a complex of macromolecules found in cells, consisting of DNA, protein, and RNA.

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Cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other, is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system.

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Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells.

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Cytoplasm

In cell biology, the cytoplasm is the material within a living cell, excluding the cell nucleus.

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Cytotoxic T cell

A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected (particularly with viruses), or cells that are damaged in other ways.

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DNA microarray

A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface.

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DNA sequencing

DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.

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Doxorubicin

Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer.

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Epstein–Barr virus

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), also called human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is one of eight known human herpesvirus types in the herpes family, and is one of the most common viruses in humans.

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Etoposide

Etoposide, sold under the brand name Etopophos among others, is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer.

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EXOC2

Exocyst complex component 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EXOC2 gene.

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Extracellular matrix

In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.

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Fever

Fever, also known as pyrexia and febrile response, is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set-point.

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Field stain

Field stain is a histological method for staining of blood smears.

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Five-year survival rate

The five-year survival rate is a type of survival rate for estimating the prognosis of a particular disease, normally calculated from the point of diagnosis.

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Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.

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Gene expression profiling

In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function.

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Genome-wide association study

In genetics, a genome-wide association study (GWA study, or GWAS), also known as whole genome association study (WGA study, or WGAS), is an observational study of a genome-wide set of genetic variants in different individuals to see if any variant is associated with a trait.

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Germinal center

Germinal centers or germinal centres (GCs) are sites within secondary lymphoid organs – lymph nodes and the spleen where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes (through somatic hypermutation aimed at achieving higher affinity), and switch the class of their antibodies (for example from IgM to IgG) during a normal immune response to an infection.

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Germinal center B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Gene expression profiling has revealed that diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is composed of at least 3 different sub-groups, each having distinct oncogenic mechanisms that respond to therapies in different ways.

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Hematology

Hematology, also spelled haematology, is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood.

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Hematopathology

Hematopathology or hemopathology is the study of diseases and disorders affecting blood cells, their production, and any organs and tissues involved in hematopoiesis, such as bone marrow, the spleen, and the thymus.

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HLA-B

HLA-B (major histocompatibility complex, class I, B) is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system.

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Hodgkin's lymphoma

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a type of lymphoma which is generally believed to result from white blood cells of the lymphocyte kind.

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Human leukocyte antigen

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system or complex is a gene complex encoding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins in humans.

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Immunoblast

An immunoblast is a lymphocyte that has been activated by an antigen, which will further undergo clonal expansion to increase the number of lymphocytes capable of binding to that antigen.

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Immunodeficiency

Immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.

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Immunohistochemistry

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) involves the process of selectively imaging antigens (proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.

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Incidence (epidemiology)

Incidence in epidemiology is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.

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Inter-rater reliability

In statistics, inter-rater reliability, inter-rater agreement, or concordance, is the degree of agreement among raters.

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International Prognostic Index

The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is a clinical tool developed by oncologists to aid in predicting the prognosis of patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

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Lenalidomide

Lenalidomide (trade name Revlimid) is a derivative of thalidomide introduced in 2004.

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Leukemia

Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.

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Locus (genetics)

A locus (plural loci) in genetics is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker (genetic marker).

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Lymph node

A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body.

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Lymphocyte

A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune system.

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Macrophage

Macrophages (big eaters, from Greek μακρός (makrós).

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Malignant transformation

Malignant transformation is the process by which cells acquire the properties of cancer.

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Mediastinal lymph node

Mediastinal lymph nodes are lymph nodes located in the mediastinum.

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Mediastinum

The mediastinum (from Medieval Latin mediastinus, "midway") is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity surrounded by loose connective tissue, as an undelineated region that contains a group of structures within the thorax.

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Medical diagnosis

Medical diagnosis (abbreviated Dx or DS) is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs.

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Memory B cell

Memory B cells are a B cell sub-type that are formed within germinal centers following primary infection and are important in generating an accelerated and more robust antibody-mediated immune response in the case of re-infection (also known as a secondary immune response).

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Meta-analysis

A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies.

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Metastasis

Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; it is typically spoken of as such spread by a cancerous tumor.

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Microenvironment (biology)

Microenvironment in biology is defined as the normal cells, molecules, and blood vessels that surround and feed a particular cellular area.

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Micrograph

A micrograph or photomicrograph is a photograph or digital image taken through a microscope or similar device to show a magnified image of an item.

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MicroRNA

A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.

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Monoclonal antibody

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb) are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell.

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Monoclonal antibody therapy

Monoclonal antibody therapy is a form of immunotherapy that uses monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to bind monospecifically to certain cells or proteins.

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Morphology (biology)

Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.

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Myc

Myc is a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors.

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Neoplasm

Neoplasia is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.

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NF-κB

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.

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Night sweats

Night sweats, also known as nocturnal hyperhidrosis, is the occurrence of excessive sweating during sleep.

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a group of blood cancers that includes all types of lymphoma except Hodgkin's lymphomas.

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Nuclear receptor coactivator 1

The nuclear receptor coactivator 1 is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor interacting domains and an intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity.

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Nucleolus

The nucleolus (plural nucleoli) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

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Oncogene

An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer.

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Oncology

Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.

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Peripherally inserted central catheter

A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC or PIC line), less commonly called a percutaneous indwelling central catheter, is a form of intravenous access that can be used for a prolonged period of time (e.g., for long chemotherapy regimens, extended antibiotic therapy, or total parenteral nutrition) or for administration of substances that should not be done peripherally (e.g., antihypotensive agents a.k.a. pressors).

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PET-CT

Positron emission tomography–computed tomography (better known as PET-CT or PET/CT) is a nuclear medicine technique which combines, in a single gantry, a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner and an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner, to acquire sequential images from both devices in the same session, which are combined into a single superposed (co-registered) image.

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Plasma cell

Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells, plasmocytes, plasmacytes, or effector B cells, are white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies.

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Pleomorphism (cytology)

Pleomorphism is a term used in histology and cytopathology to describe variability in the size, shape and staining of cells and/or their nuclei.

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Port (medical)

In medicine, a port is a small medical appliance that is installed beneath the skin.

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Prednisone

Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is mostly used to suppress the immune system.

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Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B cell lymphoma

Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma, also called primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL) and mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, is a distinct type of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the mediastinum, recognized in the WHO 2008 classification.

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Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, abbreviated PMBL, is a type of lymphoma that rises in the mediastinum and predominantly affects young adults.

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Prognosis

Prognosis (Greek: πρόγνωσις "fore-knowing, foreseeing") is a medical term for predicting the likely or expected development of a disease, including whether the signs and symptoms will improve or worsen (and how quickly) or remain stable over time; expectations of quality of life, such as the ability to carry out daily activities; the potential for complications and associated health issues; and the likelihood of survival (including life expectancy).

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PVT1

Pvt1 oncogene (non-protein coding), also known as PVT1, is a long non-coding RNA gene.

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Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.

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Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, other proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of plasma membrane vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being absorbed (endocytosis).

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Reed–Sternberg cell

Reed–Sternberg cells (also known as lacunar histiocytes for certain types) are different giant cells found with light microscopy in biopsies from individuals with Hodgkin's lymphoma (a.k.a. Hodgkin's disease, a type of lymphoma).

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Rituximab

Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer.

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Single-nucleotide polymorphism

A single-nucleotide polymorphism, often abbreviated to SNP (plural), is a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree within a population (e.g. > 1%).

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T cell

A T cell, or T lymphocyte, is a type of lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.

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Thymus

The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system.

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Vincristine

Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brandname Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, neuroblastoma, and small cell lung cancer among others. It is given intravenously. Most people experience some side effects from vincristine treatment. Commonly it causes a change in sensation, hair loss, constipation, difficulty walking, and headaches. Serious side effects may include neuropathic pain, lung damage, or low blood white cells. It will likely cause harm to the baby if given during pregnancy. It works by stopping cells from dividing properly. Vincristine was first isolated in 1961. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 1.80 and 42.60 USD per dose. It is a vinca alkaloid that can be obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus.

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White blood cell

White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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1000 Genomes Project

The 1000 Genomes Project (abbreviated as 1KGP), launched in January 2008, was an international research effort to establish by far the most detailed catalogue of human genetic variation.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma

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