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28 relations: American Revolutionary War, Ballast tank, Continental Army, Darien, Connecticut, Deep River, Connecticut, Delaware River, Ezra Lee, Groton, Connecticut, Gunpowder, HMS Cerberus (1758), HMS Eagle (1774), Inventor, Key West, New York Harbor, Propeller, Robert Fulton, Siege of Yorktown, Society of the Cincinnati, Submarine, Submarine Force Library and Museum, The Battle of the Kegs, Time bomb, Turtle (submersible), United States, USS Bushnell (AS-15), Warrenton, Georgia, Westbrook, Connecticut, Yale University.
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Ballast tank
A ballast tank is a compartment within a boat, ship or other floating structure that holds water, which is used as ballast to provide stability for a vessel.
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Continental Army
The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.
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Darien, Connecticut
Darien is an affluent town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, 37 miles north of New York City.
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Deep River, Connecticut
Deep River is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
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Delaware River
The Delaware River is a major river on the Atlantic coast of the United States.
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Ezra Lee
Ezra Lee (August 1749 – October 29, 1821) was an American colonial soldier, best known for commanding the Turtle submarine.
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Groton, Connecticut
Groton is a town in New London County, Connecticut located on the Thames River.
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Gunpowder
Gunpowder, also known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive.
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HMS Cerberus (1758)
HMS Cerberus was a 28 gun sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy.
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HMS Eagle (1774)
HMS Eagle was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 2 May 1774 at Rotherhithe.
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Inventor
An inventor is a person who creates or discovers a new method, form, device or other useful means that becomes known as an invention.
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Key West
Key West (Cayo Hueso) is an island and city in the Straits of Florida on the North American continent, at the southwesternmost end of the roadway through the Florida Keys in the state of Florida, United States.
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New York Harbor
New York Harbor, part of the Port of New York and New Jersey, is at the mouth of the Hudson River where it empties into New York Bay and into the Atlantic Ocean at the East Coast of the United States.
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Propeller
A propeller is a type of fan that transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust.
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Robert Fulton
Robert Fulton (November 14, 1765 – February 25, 1815) was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Clermonts.
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Siege of Yorktown
The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.
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Society of the Cincinnati
The Society of the Cincinnati is a hereditary society with branches in the United States and France, founded in 1783, to preserve the ideals and fellowship of officers of the Continental Army who served in the Revolutionary War.
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Submarine
A submarine (or simply sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.
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Submarine Force Library and Museum
The United States Navy Submarine Force Library and Museum, located on the Thames River near Groton, Connecticut, United States, is the only submarine museum managed exclusively by the Naval History & Heritage Command division of the U.S. Navy, which makes it a repository for many special submarine items of national significance, including.
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The Battle of the Kegs
The Battle of the Kegs is a propaganda ballad written by Francis Hopkinson describing an attempted attack upon the British Fleet in the harbor of Philadelphia on January 6, 1778 during the American Revolutionary War.
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Time bomb
A time bomb (or a timebomb, time-bomb) is a bomb whose detonation is triggered by a timer.
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Turtle (submersible)
Turtle (also called American Turtle) was the world's first submersible vessel with a documented record of use in combat.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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USS Bushnell (AS-15)
USS Bushnell (AS-15) was a launched on 14 September 1942 at the Mare Island Navy Yard; sponsored by Mrs.
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Warrenton, Georgia
Warrenton is a city in Warren County, Georgia, United States.
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Westbrook, Connecticut
Westbrook is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
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Yale University
Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bushnell
