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Disability

Index Disability

A disability is an impairment that may be cognitive, developmental, intellectual, mental, physical, sensory, or some combination of these. [1]

137 relations: Ableism, Accessibility, Activism, Activities of daily living, Adolphe Quetelet, Age of Enlightenment, Ageing, Aging and Disease, American Psychological Association, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, APA style, Assistive technology, Astronomer, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Aylesbury, Belgians, Birth defect, Black Death, BlazeSports America, Braille, Canada Pension Plan, Citizenship, Clinic, Computer hardware, Computer keyboard, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Culture, Curb cut, Delirium, Department for International Development, Developmental disability, Deviance (sociology), Disabilities affecting intellectual abilities, Disability and poverty, Disability benefits, Disability in Australia, Disability insurance, Disability pension, Disability rights movement, Disability studies, Disabled Peoples' International, Disabled Sports USA, Down syndrome, Dragon NaturallySpeaking, Early modern period, Emergency management, Employment, Eugenics, Extreme sport, Federation, ..., First-degree relatives, Frailty syndrome, Frank Bowe, Freak show, Freedom Scientific, Hand-in-cap, Handicap (horse racing), Health care, Hearing loss, Human rights, Ideology, Ignorance, Incest, Inclusion (disability rights), Inspiration porn, Intellectual disability, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, International Year of Disabled Persons, IRIN, Jack Sparrow, JAWS (screen reader), Karma, Kathleen Woodward, Labeling theory, Large-print, LOMAK, Mathematician, Medical humanities, Medical model, Medical model of disability, Middle Ages, New Zealand, Nuance Communications, Olympic Games, ONCE, Online Etymology Dictionary, Orca (assistive technology), Paralympic Games, Paratransit, Personal computer, Physical disability, Physiological functional capacity, Pity, Prison, Prosthesis, Psychiatric hospital, Public transport, Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Rights, Robert R. Davila, Routledge, Safety, SAGE Publications, Schizophrenia, Second-degree relative, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Sense, Sign language, Social construction of disability, Social exclusion, Social model of disability, Social security, Sociology, Software, Software development, Speech recognition, St. Martin's Press, Standing frame, Statistician, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Supplemental Security Income, Telecommunications relay service, Telephone, The Manila Times, Tom Shakespeare, Tourette syndrome, Transport, UNESCO, United Nations, United States Census Bureau, University of Delaware, Vietnam veteran, Voice Finger, Wheelchair, World Health Organization, World report on disability, World War I. Expand index (87 more) »

Ableism

Ableism /ˈeɪblɪzəm/ (also known as ablism, disablism (Brit. English), anapirophobia, anapirism, and disability discrimination) is discrimination and social prejudice against people with disabilities.

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Accessibility

Accessibility refers to the design of products, devices, services, or environments for people who experience disabilities.

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Activism

Activism consists of efforts to promote, impede, or direct social, political, economic, or environmental reform or stasis with the desire to make improvements in society.

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Activities of daily living

Activities of daily living (ADLs or ADL) is a term used in healthcare to refer to people's daily self care activities.

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Adolphe Quetelet

Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet FRSFor FRSE (22 February 1796 – 17 February 1874) was a Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician and sociologist.

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Age of Enlightenment

The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".

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Ageing

Ageing or aging (see spelling differences) is the process of becoming older.

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Aging and Disease

Aging and Disease is a bimonthly peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by JKL International on behalf of the International Society on Aging and Disease.

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American Psychological Association

The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with around 117,500 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students.

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Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability.

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APA style

APA style is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books, and is commonly used for citing sources within the field of social sciences.

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Assistive technology

Assistive technology is an umbrella term that includes assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices for people with disabilities while also including the process used in selecting, locating, and using them.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Australian Bureau of Statistics

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the independent statistical agency of the Government of Australia.

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Aylesbury

Aylesbury is the county town of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Belgians

Belgians (Belgen, Belges, Belgier) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe.

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Birth defect

A birth defect, also known as a congenital disorder, is a condition present at birth regardless of its cause.

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Black Death

The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.

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BlazeSports America

BlazeSports America is a national nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization based in Decatur, Georgia that provides sport and physical activity opportunities for youth and adults with physical disabilities.

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Braille

Braille is a tactile writing system used by people who are visually impaired.

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Canada Pension Plan

The Canada Pension Plan (CPP; Régime de pensions du Canada) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program.

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Citizenship

Citizenship is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or belonging to a nation.

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Clinic

A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a healthcare facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients.

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Computer hardware

Computer hardware includes the physical parts or components of a computer, such as the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphic card, sound card and motherboard.

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Computer keyboard

In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.

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Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an international human rights treaty of the United Nations intended to protect the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities.

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Culture

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies.

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Curb cut

A curb cut (U.S.), curb ramp, dropped kerb (UK), pram ramp, or kerb ramp (Australia) is a solid (usually concrete) ramp graded down from the top surface of a sidewalk to the surface of an adjoining street.

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Delirium

Delirium, also known as acute confusional state, is an organically caused decline from a previously baseline level of mental function.

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Department for International Development

The Department for International Development (DFID) is a United Kingdom government department responsible for administering overseas aid.

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Developmental disability

Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions that are due to mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood.

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Deviance (sociology)

In sociology, deviance describes an action or behavior that violates social norms, including a formally enacted rule (e.g., crime), as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).

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Disabilities affecting intellectual abilities

There are a variety of medical conditions affecting cognitive ability.

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Disability and poverty

The world's poor are significantly more likely to have or incur a disability within their lifetime compared to more financially privileged populations.

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Disability benefits

Disability benefits are funds provided from public or private sources to a person who is ill or who has a disability.

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Disability in Australia

Four million people in Australia (18.5%) reported having a disability in 2009, according to the results of the Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers.

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Disability insurance

Disability Insurance, often called DI or disability income insurance, or income protection, is a form of insurance that insures the beneficiary's earned income against the risk that a disability creates a barrier for a worker to complete the core functions of their work.

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Disability pension

A disability pension is a form of pension given to those people who are permanently or temporarily unable to work due to a disability.

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Disability rights movement

The disability rights movement is a global social movement to secure equal opportunities and equal rights for all people with disabilities.

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Disability studies

Disability studies is an academic discipline that examines the meaning, nature, and consequences of disability.

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Disabled Peoples' International

Disabled Peoples' International (DPI) is a cross disability, consumer controlled international non-governmental organization (INGO) headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and with regional offices in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, Europe, Africa, Latin America, and North America and the Caribbean.

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Disabled Sports USA

Disabled Sports USA serves more than 60,000 disabled athletes annually, making it one of the largest national multi-sport, multi-disability organizations in the United States.

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Down syndrome

Down syndrome (DS or DNS), also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.

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Dragon NaturallySpeaking

Dragon NaturallySpeaking (also known as Dragon for PC, or DNS) is a speech recognition software package developed by Dragon Systems of Newton, Massachusetts, which merged with Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products and was later acquired by Nuance Communications, formerly known as ScanSoft.

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Early modern period

The early modern period of modern history follows the late Middle Ages of the post-classical era.

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Emergency management

Emergency management or disaster management is the organization and management of the resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies (preparedness, response, and recovery).

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Employment

Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee.

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Eugenics

Eugenics (from Greek εὐγενής eugenes 'well-born' from εὖ eu, 'good, well' and γένος genos, 'race, stock, kin') is a set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.

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Extreme sport

Extreme sports are recreational activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk.

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Federation

A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central (federal) government.

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First-degree relatives

A first-degree relative is one's offspring, sibling or parent.

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Frailty syndrome

Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome that embodies an elevated risk of catastrophic declines in health and function among older adults.

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Frank Bowe

Frank G. Bowe (1947 – August 21, 2007) was the Dr.

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Freak show

A freak show is an exhibition of biological rarities, referred to in popular culture as "freaks of nature".

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Freedom Scientific

Freedom Scientific is a company that makes accessibility products for computer users with low-vision, blindness, and learning disabilities.

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Hand-in-cap

Hand-in-cap is an old English trading game and the term itself is the origin of the modern word "handicap".

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Handicap (horse racing)

A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which horses carry different weights, allocated by the handicapper.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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Hearing loss

Hearing loss, also known as hearing impairment, is a partial or total inability to hear.

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.

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Ideology

An Ideology is a collection of normative beliefs and values that an individual or group holds for other than purely epistemic reasons.

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Ignorance

Ignorance is a lack of knowledge.

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Incest

Incest is sexual activity between family members or close relatives.

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Inclusion (disability rights)

Inclusion is a term used by people with disabilities and other disability rights advocates for the idea that all people should take action to freely accommodate people with a physical, mental, cognitive, and or developmental disability.

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Inspiration porn

Inspiration porn is the portrayal of disabled people as inspirational solely or in part on the basis of their disability.

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Intellectual disability

Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability, and mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.

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International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification of the health components of functioning and disability.

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International Year of Disabled Persons

The year 1981 was proclaimed the International Year of Disabled Persons (IYDP) by the United Nations.

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IRIN

IRIN (formerly Integrated Regional Information Networks) is a news agency focusing on humanitarian stories in regions that are often forgotten, under-reported, misunderstood or ignored.

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Jack Sparrow

Captain Jack Sparrow is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series.

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JAWS (screen reader)

JAWS ("Job Access With Speech") is a computer screen reader program for Microsoft Windows that allows blind and visually impaired users to read the screen either with a text-to-speech output or by a refreshable Braille display.

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Karma

Karma (karma,; italic) means action, work or deed; it also refers to the spiritual principle of cause and effect where intent and actions of an individual (cause) influence the future of that individual (effect).

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Kathleen Woodward

Kathleen Woodward has been the Director of the Simpson Center for the Humanities at the University of Washington since 2000, and is a Lockwood Professor in Humanities and in English.

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Labeling theory

Labeling theory is the theory of how the self-identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them.

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Large-print

Large-print (also large-type or large-font) refers to the formatting of a book or other text document in which the typeface (or font), and sometimes the medium, are considerably larger than usual, to accommodate people who have poor vision.

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LOMAK

LOMAK is an acronym for Light Operated Mouse And Keyboard.

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Mathematician

A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in his or her work, typically to solve mathematical problems.

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Medical humanities

Medical humanities is an interdisciplinary field of medicine which includes the humanities (literature, philosophy, ethics, history and religion), social science (anthropology, cultural studies, psychology, sociology, health geography) and the arts (literature, theater, film, and visual arts) and their application to medical education and practice.

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Medical model

Medical model is the term coined by psychiatrist R. D. Laing in his The Politics of the Family and Other Essays (1971), for the "set of procedures in which all doctors are trained".

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Medical model of disability

The medical model of disability, or medical model, arose from the biomedical perception of disability.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Nuance Communications

Nuance is an American based multinational computer software technology corporation, headquartered in Burlington, Massachusetts, United States on the outskirts of Boston, that provides speech and imaging applications.

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Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.

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ONCE

Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles (ONCE) (National Organization of Spanish blind people) is a Spanish foundation founded on December 13, 1938, to raise funds to provide services for the blind and people with serious visual impairment.

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Online Etymology Dictionary

The Online Etymology Dictionary is a free online dictionary written and compiled by Douglas Harper that describes the origins of English-language words.

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Orca (assistive technology)

Orca is a free and open source, flexible, extensible screen reader from the GNOME project for individuals who are blind or visually impaired.

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Paralympic Games

The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g. paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g. amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.

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Paratransit

Paratransit is recognized in North America as special transportation services for people with disabilities, often provided as a supplement to fixed-route bus and rail systems by public transit agencies.

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Personal computer

A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.

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Physical disability

A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.

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Physiological functional capacity

Physiological functional capacity (PFC) is the ability to perform the physical tasks of daily life and the ease with which these tasks can be performed.

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Pity

Pity is a sympathetic sorrow evoked by the suffering of others and is used in a comparable sense to compassion, condolence or empathy.

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Prison

A prison, also known as a correctional facility, jail, gaol (dated, British English), penitentiary (American English), detention center (American English), or remand center is a facility in which inmates are forcibly confined and denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state.

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Prosthesis

In medicine, a prosthesis (plural: prostheses; from Ancient Greek prosthesis, "addition, application, attachment") is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trauma, disease, or congenital conditions.

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Psychiatric hospital

Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals, mental health units, mental asylums or simply asylums, are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of serious mental disorders, such as clinical depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.

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Public transport

Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, or mass transit) is transport of passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip.

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Rehabilitation Act of 1973

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973,, is a federal law, codified as et seq.

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Rights

Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory.

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Robert R. Davila

Dr.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Safety

Safety is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable outcomes.

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SAGE Publications

SAGE Publishing is an independent publishing company founded in 1965 in New York by Sara Miller McCune and now based in California.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.

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Second-degree relative

A second-degree relative (SDR) is someone who shares 25% of a person's genes.

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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub.

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Sense

A sense is a physiological capacity of organisms that provides data for perception.

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Sign language

Sign languages (also known as signed languages) are languages that use manual communication to convey meaning.

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Social construction of disability

The social construction of disability is the idea that society and its institutions have the power to construct disability around social expectations of health.

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Social exclusion

Social exclusion, or social marginalization, is the social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.

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Social model of disability

The social model of disability is a reaction to the dominant medical model of disability which in itself is a functional analysis of the body as machine to be fixed in order to conform with normative values.

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Social security

Social security is "any government system that provides monetary assistance to people with an inadequate or no income." Social security is enshrined in Article 22 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states: Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

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Sociology

Sociology is the scientific study of society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture.

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Software

Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work.

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Software development

Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components.

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Speech recognition

Speech recognition is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers.

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St. Martin's Press

St.

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Standing frame

A standing frame (also known as a stand, stander, standing technology, standing aid, standing device, standing box, tilt table) is assistive technology that can be used by a person who relies on a wheelchair for mobility.

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Statistician

A statistician is a person who works with theoretical or applied statistics.

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Stoke Mandeville Hospital

Stoke Mandeville Hospital is a large National Health Service (NHS) hospital in Aylesbury, England.

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Supplemental Security Income

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a United States government means-tested welfare program that provides cash assistance and health care coverage (i.e., Medicaid) to people with low-income and limited assets who are either aged 65 or older, blind, or disabled (children included).

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Telecommunications relay service

A telecommunications relay service, also known as TRS, relay service, or IP-relay, or Web-based relay service, is an operator service that allows people who are deaf, hard of hearing, deafblind, or have a speech disorder to place calls to standard telephone users via a keyboard or assistive device.

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Telephone

A telephone, or phone, is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be heard directly.

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The Manila Times

The Manila Times is the oldest existing English-language newspaper in the Philippines.

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Tom Shakespeare

Sir Thomas William Shakespeare, 3rd Baronet (born 11 May 1966), better known as Tom Shakespeare, is an English sociologist and broadcaster.

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Tourette syndrome

Tourette syndrome (TS or simply Tourette's) is a common neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple motor tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic.

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Transport

Transport or transportation is the movement of humans, animals and goods from one location to another.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United States Census Bureau

The United States Census Bureau (USCB; officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title) is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy.

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University of Delaware

The University of Delaware (colloquially UD, UDel, or U of D) is a public research university located in Newark, Delaware.

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Vietnam veteran

A Vietnam veteran is someone who served in the armed forces of participating countries during the Vietnam War.

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Voice Finger

Voice Finger is a software tool for Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 8 that enables users to control the mouse cursor and keyboard through speech recognition.

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Wheelchair

A wheelchair, often abbreviated to just "chair", is a chair with wheels, used when walking is difficult or impossible due to illness, injury, or disability.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World report on disability

The World report on disability (WRD) is the first document to give an extensive global picture of the situation of people with disabilities, their needs, and the barriers they face to participating fully in their societies.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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Able-Bodied, Behavioral disability, DISABILITIES, Differently abled, Differently-abled, Differently-abled people, Disabilites, Disabilities, Disabilities, People with, Disability history, Disable, Disabled, Disabled people, Disabled persons, Disablement, Disabling, Disibility, Divyang, Handicapable, Handicapped, Handicapped people, Handycapped, Impaired, Invalidity, Mobility disabilities, People with disabilities, Persons With Disabilities, Persons with disabilites, Persons with disabilities, Physical Disablities, Physical incapacity, Physically impaired, Sensory disability, Sensory impairment, Youth with disabilities.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability

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