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179 relations: African Americans, African-American history, Alabama, Alabama's congressional districts, All-white jury, American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil War, Andrew Goodman, Apportionment (politics), Arkansas, Arkansas's congressional districts, Articles of Confederation, Beaufort County, South Carolina, Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Black Belt (U.S. region), Black people, Booker T. Washington, Border states (American Civil War), Byrd Organization, Civil and political rights, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Civil rights movement, Civil rights movement (1865–1896), Civil rights movement (1896–1954), Colfax massacre, Columbia University, Compromise of 1877, Confederate States of America, Constitution of Oklahoma, Cornell Law School, Coup d'état, Coup de grâce, Daniel Lindsay Russell, David W. Blight, Democratic Party (United States), Dred Scott v. Sandford, Dunning School, Eastern Shore of Maryland, Edgar D. Crumpacker, Edmund Pettus Bridge, Electoral fusion, Enforcement Acts, Executive Order 9981, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Felony disenfranchisement, Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Filibuster, First Lady, Florida, Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ..., Franklin D. Roosevelt, Free people of color, Freedman, Freedom Riders, Furnifold McLendel Simmons, George Frisbie Hoar, George H. Tinkham, George Henry White, Georgetown County, South Carolina, Georgia (U.S. state), Gerrymandering in the United States, Giles v. Harris, Grandfather clause, Great Depression, Great Migration (African American), Guinn v. United States, Habeas corpus, Harry S. Truman, Henry Cabot Lodge, Herbert Hoover, Insurgency, Italian Americans, J. Morgan Kousser, James Chaney, Jessie De Priest tea at the White House, Jim Crow laws, John F. Kennedy, Josephus Daniels, Judicial aspects of race in the United States, Jury duty, Knights of the White Camelia, Ku Klux Klan, Lane v. Wilson, List of 19th-century African-American civil rights activists, List of ethnic riots, List of Governors of New Jersey, Literacy test, Lodge Bill, Louisiana, Lynching, Lyndon B. Johnson, Michael Schwerner, Militia, Miscegenation, Mississippi, Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, Mississippi's congressional districts, Montgomery, Alabama, Multiracial, NAACP, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Nadir of American race relations, Nat Turner, Neshoba County, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., Oscar Stanton De Priest, Paramilitary, People's Party (United States), Philadelphia, Mississippi, Planter class, Plessy v. Ferguson, Poll tax, Poll taxes in the United States, Poor White, President of the United States, Racial discrimination, Racial segregation, Racial segregation in the United States, Ratification, Readjuster Party, Reconstruction Acts, Reconstruction era, Red Shirts (United States), Redeemers, Republican Party (United States), Richard Russell Jr., Selma, Alabama, Silver Republican Party, Smith v. Allwright, Social equality, Solid South, South Carolina, South Carolina General Assembly, South Carolina's congressional districts, South Dakota, Southern United States, State of the Union, Supreme Court of the United States, Tennessee, Texas, The Birth of a Nation, The Carolinas, The News & Observer, Timeline of the civil rights movement, Tuskegee University, Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Ulysses S. Grant, United States, United States Congress, United States congressional committee, United States Constitution, United States Department of Justice, United States House Committee on Elections, United States House of Representatives, United States presidential election, 1868, United States presidential election, 1876, United States presidential election, 1900, United States Senate, United States v. Cruikshank, Vandalism, Vigilante, Virginia, Voting Rights Act of 1965, Voting rights in the United States, White League, White people, White primaries, White supremacy, William Jennings Bryan, Williams v. Mississippi, Wilmington insurrection of 1898, Woodrow Wilson, World War I, World War II, 1890 United States Census, 1930 United States Census, 1950 United States Census. Expand index (129 more) »
African Americans
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.
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African-American history
African-American history is the part of American history that looks at the African-Americans or Black Americans in the United States.
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Alabama
Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.
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Alabama's congressional districts
Alabama is currently divided into 7 congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives.
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All-white jury
An all-white jury is a sworn body composed only of white people convened to render an impartial verdict in a legal proceeding.
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American Civil Liberties Union
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonprofit organization whose stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States." Officially nonpartisan, the organization has been supported and criticized by liberal and conservative organizations alike.
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American Civil War
The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.
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Andrew Goodman
Andrew Goodman (November 23, 1943 – June 21, 1964) was one of three American activists of the Civil Rights Movement and also a social worker, murdered near Philadelphia, Mississippi, during Freedom Summer in 1964 by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
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Apportionment (politics)
Apportionment is the process by which seats in a legislative body are distributed among administrative divisions entitled to representation.
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Arkansas
Arkansas is a state in the southeastern region of the United States, home to over 3 million people as of 2017.
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Arkansas's congressional districts
The U.S. state of Arkansas currently has four United States congressional districts.
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Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution.
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Beaufort County, South Carolina
Beaufort County is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina.
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Benjamin Robbins Curtis
Benjamin Robbins Curtis (November 4, 1809 – September 15, 1874) was an American attorney and United States Supreme Court Justice.
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Black Belt (U.S. region)
During the first half of the nineteenth century, as many as one million enslaved Africans were transported through sales in the domestic slave trade to the Deep South in a forced migration to work as laborers for the region's cotton plantations.
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Black people
Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other populations.
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Booker T. Washington
Booker Taliaferro Washington (– November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States.
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Border states (American Civil War)
In the context of the American Civil War (1861–65), the border states were slave states that did not declare a secession from the Union and did not join the Confederacy.
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Byrd Organization
The Byrd Organization (usually known as just “the Organization”) was a political machine led by former Governor and U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1887–1966) that dominated Virginia politics for much of the middle portion of the 20th century.
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Civil and political rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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Civil rights movement
The civil rights movement (also known as the African-American civil rights movement, American civil rights movement and other terms) was a decades-long movement with the goal of securing legal rights for African Americans that other Americans already held.
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Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
The African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896) was aimed at eliminating racial discrimination against African Americans, improving educational and employment opportunities, and establishing electoral power, just after the abolition of Slavery in the United States.
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Civil rights movement (1896–1954)
The African-American civil rights movement (1896–1954) was a long, primarily nonviolent series of events to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans.
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Colfax massacre
The Colfax massacre, or Colfax riot as the events are termed on the 1950 state historic marker, occurred on Easter Sunday, April 13, 1873, in Colfax, Louisiana, the seat of Grant Parish, when approximately 150 black men were murdered by white Southerners.
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Columbia University
Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.
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Compromise of 1877
The Compromise of 1877 was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election.
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Confederate States of America
The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.
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Constitution of Oklahoma
The Constitution of the State of Oklahoma is the governing document of the U.S. State of Oklahoma.
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Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York.
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Coup d'état
A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.
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Coup de grâce
A coup de grâce (French for "blow of mercy") is a death blow to end the suffering of a severely wounded person or animal.
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Daniel Lindsay Russell
Daniel Lindsay Russell Jr. (August 7, 1845May 14, 1908) was the 49th Governor of North Carolina, serving from 1897 to 1901.
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David W. Blight
David William Blight (born 1949) is a professor of American History at Yale University and Director of the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition.
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Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).
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Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott v. Sandford,, also known as the Dred Scott case, was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on US labor law and constitutional law.
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Dunning School
The Dunning School refers to a group of historians who shared a historiographical school of thought regarding the Reconstruction period of American history (1865–1877).
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Eastern Shore of Maryland
The Eastern Shore of Maryland is a part of the U.S. state of Maryland that lies predominantly on the east side of the Chesapeake Bay and consists of nine counties.
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Edgar D. Crumpacker
Edgar Dean Crumpacker (May 27, 1851 – May 19, 1920) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana, father of Maurice Edgar Crumpacker and cousin of Shepard J. Crumpacker, Jr..
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Edmund Pettus Bridge
The Edmund Pettus Bridge carries U.S. Route 80 Business (US 80 Bus.) across the Alabama River in Selma, Alabama.
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Electoral fusion
Electoral fusion is an arrangement where two or more political parties on a ballot list the same candidate, pooling the votes for that candidate.
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Enforcement Acts
The Enforcement Acts were three bills passed by the United States Congress between 1870 and 1871.
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Executive Order 9981
Executive Order 9981 was an executive order issued on July 26, 1948, by President Harry S. Truman.
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Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.
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Felony disenfranchisement
Felony disenfranchisement is the exclusion from voting of people otherwise eligible to vote (known as disfranchisement) due to conviction of a criminal offense, usually restricted to the more serious class of crimes: felonies (crimes of incarceration for a duration of more than a year).
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Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Fifteenth Amendment (Amendment XV) to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude".
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Filibuster
A filibuster is a political procedure where one or more members of parliament or congress debate over a proposed piece of legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent a decision being made on the proposal.
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First Lady
First Lady is an unofficial title used for the wife of a non-monarchical head of state or chief executive.
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Florida
Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States.
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Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr. (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.
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Free people of color
In the context of the history of slavery in the Americas, free people of color (French: gens de couleur libres, Spanish: gente libre de color) were people of mixed African and European descent who were not enslaved.
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Freedman
A freedman or freedwoman is a former slave who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means.
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Freedom Riders
Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 and subsequent years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions Morgan v. Virginia (1946) and Boynton v. Virginia (1960), which ruled that segregated public buses were unconstitutional.
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Furnifold McLendel Simmons
Furnifold McLendel Simmons (January 20, 1854April 30, 1940) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1887 to March 4, 1889 and U.S. senator from the state of North Carolina between March 4, 1901 and March 4, 1931.
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George Frisbie Hoar
George Frisbie Hoar (August 29, 1826September 30, 1904) was a prominent American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts.
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George H. Tinkham
George Holden Tinkham (October 29, 1870 – August 28, 1956) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Massachusetts.
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George Henry White
George Henry White (December 18, 1852 – December 28, 1918) was an American attorney and politician, elected as a Republican U.S. Congressman from North Carolina's 2nd congressional district between 1897 and 1901.
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Georgetown County, South Carolina
Georgetown County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina.
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Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state in the Southeastern United States.
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Gerrymandering in the United States
Gerrymandering in the United States is the practice of rearranging the boundaries of electoral districts, where it has been practiced since the founding of the country to strengthen the power of particular political interests within legislative bodies.
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Giles v. Harris
Giles v. Harris,, was an early 20th-century United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld a state constitution's requirements for voter registration and qualifications.
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Grandfather clause
A grandfather clause (or grandfather policy) is a provision in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases.
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Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.
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Great Migration (African American)
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1916 and 1970.
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Guinn v. United States
Guinn v. United States,, was a United States Supreme Court decision that dealt with provisions of state constitutions that set qualifications for voters.
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Habeas corpus
Habeas corpus (Medieval Latin meaning literally "that you have the body") is a recourse in law through which a person can report an unlawful detention or imprisonment to a court and request that the court order the custodian of the person, usually a prison official, to bring the prisoner to court, to determine whether the detention is lawful.
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Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was an American statesman who served as the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), taking office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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Henry Cabot Lodge
Henry Cabot Lodge (May 12, 1850 November 9, 1924) was an American Republican Congressman and historian from Massachusetts.
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Herbert Hoover
Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American engineer, businessman and politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression.
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Insurgency
An insurgency is a rebellion against authority (for example, an authority recognized as such by the United Nations) when those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents (lawful combatants).
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Italian Americans
Italian Americans (italoamericani or italo-americani) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have ancestry from Italy.
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J. Morgan Kousser
Joseph Morgan Kousser (born October 7, 1943 in Lewisburg, Tennessee) is an American historian.
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James Chaney
James Earl Chaney (May 30, 1943 – June 21, 1964), from Meridian, Mississippi, was one of three American civil rights workers who was murdered during Freedom Summer by members of the Ku Klux Klan near Philadelphia, Mississippi.
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Jessie De Priest tea at the White House
In 1929, United States First Lady Lou Hoover invited Jessie De Priest, the wife of Chicago congressman Oscar De Priest, to the traditional tea by new administrations for congressional wives at the White House.
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Jim Crow laws
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
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John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963.
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Josephus Daniels
Josephus Daniels (May 18, 1862 – January 15, 1948) was a progressive Democrat, and newspaper editor and publisher from North Carolina who became active in politics.
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Judicial aspects of race in the United States
Race legislation in the United States is defined as legislation seeking to direct relations between races or ethnic groups.
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Jury duty
Jury duty or Jury service is service as a juror in a legal proceeding.
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Knights of the White Camelia
The Knights of the White Camelia was an American political terrorist organization that operated in the southern United States in the 19th century, similar to and associated with the Ku Klux Klan, supporting white supremacy and opposing freedmen's rights.
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Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan, commonly called the KKK or simply the Klan, refers to three distinct secret movements at different points in time in the history of the United States.
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Lane v. Wilson
Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268 (1939), was a United States Supreme Court case that found a 12-day one-time voter registration window to be discriminatory for black citizens and repugnant to the Fifteenth Amendment.
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List of 19th-century African-American civil rights activists
This list contains the names of notable civil rights activists who were active during the 19th century.
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List of ethnic riots
This is a list of ethnic riots, sectarian riots, and race riots, by country.
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List of Governors of New Jersey
The Governor of New Jersey is the head of the executive branch of New Jersey's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.
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Literacy test
A literacy test assesses a person's literacy skills: their ability to read and write.
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Lodge Bill
The Lodge Bill or Federal Elections Bill or Lodge Force Bill of 1890 was a bill drafted by Representative Henry Cabot Lodge (R) of Massachusetts, and sponsored in the Senate by George Frisbie Hoar; it was endorsed by President Benjamin Harrison.
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Louisiana
Louisiana is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.
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Lynching
Lynching is a premeditated extrajudicial killing by a group.
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Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969, assuming the office after having served as the 37th Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963.
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Michael Schwerner
Michael Henry "Mickey" Schwerner (November 6, 1939 – June 21, 1964), was one of three Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) field/social workers killed in Philadelphia, Mississippi, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
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Militia
A militia is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a nation, or subjects of a state, who can be called upon for military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of regular, full-time military personnel, or historically, members of a warrior nobility class (e.g., knights or samurai).
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Miscegenation
Miscegenation (from the Latin miscere "to mix" + genus "kind") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.
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Mississippi
Mississippi is a state in the Southern United States, with part of its southern border formed by the Gulf of Mexico.
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Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), also referred to as the Freedom Democratic Party, was an American political party created in 1964 as a branch of the populist Freedom Democratic organization in the state of Mississippi during the Civil Rights Movement.
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Mississippi's congressional districts
Mississippi is currently divided into 4 congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives.
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Montgomery, Alabama
Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County.
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Multiracial
Multiracial is defined as made up of or relating to people of many races.
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NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a bi-racial organization to advance justice for African Americans by a group, including, W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington and Moorfield Storey.
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NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund
The NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. (NAACP LDF, the Inc. Fund, or LDF) is a leading United States civil rights organization and law firm based in New York City.
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Nadir of American race relations
According to historian Rayford Logan, the nadir of American race relations was the period in the history of the Southern United States from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the early 20th century, when racism in the country was worse than in any other period after the American Civil War.
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Nat Turner
Nat Turner (October 2, 1800 – November 11, 1831) was an American slave who led a rebellion of slaves and free blacks in Southampton County, Virginia on August 21, 1831.
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Neshoba County, Mississippi
Neshoba County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi.
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North Carolina
North Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma (Uukuhuúwa, Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.
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Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. (March 8, 1841 – March 6, 1935) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932, and as Acting Chief Justice of the United States from January–February 1930.
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Oscar Stanton De Priest
Oscar Stanton De Priest (March 9, 1871 – May 12, 1951) was an American Republican politician and civil rights advocate from Chicago who served as a U.S. Representative from Illinois' 1st congressional district from 1929 to 1935.
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Paramilitary
A paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not included as part of a state's formal armed forces.
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People's Party (United States)
The People's Party, also known as the Populist Party or the Populists, was an agrarian-populist political party in the United States.
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Philadelphia, Mississippi
Philadelphia is a city in and the county seat of Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States.
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Planter class
The planter class, known alternatively in the United States as the Southern aristocracy, was a socio-economic caste of pan-American society that dominated seventeenth- and eighteenth-century agricultural markets through the forced labor of enslaved Africans.
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Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896),.
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Poll tax
A poll tax, also known as head tax or capitation, is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual.
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Poll taxes in the United States
A poll tax is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual.
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Poor White
In the United States, Poor White (or Poor Whites of the South for clarity) is the historical classification for an American sociocultural group,Flynt, J. Wayne.
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President of the United States
The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.
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Racial discrimination
Racial discrimination refers to discrimination against individuals on the basis of their race.
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Racial segregation
Racial segregation is the separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life.
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Racial segregation in the United States
Racial segregation in the United States, as a general term, includes the segregation or separation of access to facilities, services, and opportunities such as housing, medical care, education, employment, and transportation along racial lines.
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Ratification
Ratification is a principal's approval of an act of its agent that lacked the authority to bind the principal legally.
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Readjuster Party
The Readjuster Party was a political biracial coalition formed in Virginia in the late 1870s during the turbulent period following the Reconstruction era.
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Reconstruction Acts
The Reconstruction Acts, or Military Reconstruction Acts, (March 2, 1867, 14 Stat. 428-430, c.153; March 23, 1867, 15 Stat. 2-5, c.6; July 19, 1867, 15 Stat. 14-16, c.30; and March 11, 1868, 15 Stat. 41, c.25) were four statutes passed during the Reconstruction Era by the 40th United States Congress addressing requirement for Southern States to be readmitted to the Union.
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Reconstruction era
The Reconstruction era was the period from 1863 (the Presidential Proclamation of December 8, 1863) to 1877.
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Red Shirts (United States)
The Red Shirts or Redshirts of the Southern United States were white supremacist paramilitary groups that were active in the late 19th century in the last years and after the end of the Reconstruction era of the United States.
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Redeemers
In United States history, the Redeemers were a political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction Era that followed the Civil War.
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Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the two major political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party.
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Richard Russell Jr.
Richard Brevard Russell Jr. (November 3, 1897 – January 21, 1971) was an American politician from Georgia.
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Selma, Alabama
Selma is a city in and the county seat of Dallas County, in the Black Belt region of south central Alabama and extending to the west.
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Silver Republican Party
The Silver Republican Party was a United States political party in the 1890s.
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Smith v. Allwright
Smith v. Allwright,, was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court with regard to voting rights and, by extension, racial desegregation.
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Social equality
Social equality is a state of affairs in which all people within a specific society or isolated group have the same status in certain respects, including civil rights, freedom of speech, property rights and equal access to certain social goods and services.
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Solid South
The Solid South or Southern bloc was the electoral voting bloc of the states of the Southern United States for issues that were regarded as particularly important to the interests of Democrats in the southern states.
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South Carolina
South Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.
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South Carolina General Assembly
The South Carolina General Assembly, also called the South Carolina Legislature, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Carolina.
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South Carolina's congressional districts
There are currently seven United States congressional districts in South Carolina.
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South Dakota
South Dakota is a U.S. state in the Midwestern region of the United States.
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Southern United States
The Southern United States, also known as the American South, Dixie, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a region of the United States of America.
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State of the Union
The State of the Union Address is an annual message presented by the President of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress, except in the first year of a new president's term.
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Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.
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Tennessee
Tennessee (translit) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States.
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Texas
Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.
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The Birth of a Nation
The Birth of a Nation (originally called The Clansman) is a 1915 American silent epic drama film directed and co-produced by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish.
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The Carolinas
The Carolinas are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina, considered collectively.
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The News & Observer
The News & Observer is an American regional daily newspaper that serves the greater Triangle area based in Raleigh, North Carolina.
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Timeline of the civil rights movement
This is a timeline of the civil rights movement, a nonviolent freedom movement to gain legal equality and the enforcement of constitutional rights for African Americans.
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Tuskegee University
Tuskegee University is a private, historically black university (HBCU) located in Tuskegee, Alabama, United States.
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Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Twenty-fourth Amendment (Amendment XXIV) of the United States Constitution prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax.
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Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses Simpson Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier and statesman who served as Commanding General of the Army and the 18th President of the United States, the highest positions in the military and the government of the United States.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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United States Congress
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States.
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United States congressional committee
A congressional committee is a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty (rather than the general duties of Congress).
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United States Constitution
The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States.
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United States Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government, responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice in the United States, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries. The department was formed in 1870 during the Ulysses S. Grant administration. The Department of Justice administers several federal law enforcement agencies including the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The department is responsible for investigating instances of financial fraud, representing the United States government in legal matters (such as in cases before the Supreme Court), and running the federal prison system. The department is also responsible for reviewing the conduct of local law enforcement as directed by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The department is headed by the United States Attorney General, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Attorney General is Jeff Sessions.
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United States House Committee on Elections
The United States House Committee on Elections is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
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United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.
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United States presidential election, 1868
The United States presidential election of 1868 was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868.
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United States presidential election, 1876
The United States presidential election of 1876 was the 23rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1876.
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United States presidential election, 1900
The United States presidential election of 1900 was the 29th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1900.
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United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.
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United States v. Cruikshank
United States v. Cruikshank, was an important United States Supreme Court decision in United States constitutional law, one of the earliest to deal with the application of the Bill of Rights to state governments following the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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Vandalism
Vandalism is an "action involving deliberate destruction of or damage to public or private property".
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Vigilante
A vigilante is a civilian or organization acting in a law enforcement capacity (or in the pursuit of self-perceived justice) without legal authority.
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Virginia
Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting.
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Voting rights in the United States
The issue of voting rights in the United States, specifically the enfranchisement and disenfranchisement of different groups, has been contested throughout United States history.
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White League
The White League, also known as the White Man's League, was an American white paramilitary organization started in 1874 to kick Republicans out of office and intimidate freedmen from voting and politically organizing.
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White people
White people is a racial classification specifier, used mostly for people of European descent; depending on context, nationality, and point of view, the term has at times been expanded to encompass certain persons of North African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian descent, persons who are often considered non-white in other contexts.
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White primaries
White primaries were primary elections held in the Southern United States in which only white voters were permitted to participate.
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White supremacy
White supremacy or white supremacism is a racist ideology based upon the belief that white people are superior in many ways to people of other races and that therefore white people should be dominant over other races.
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William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska.
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Williams v. Mississippi
Williams v. Mississippi,, is a United States Supreme Court case that reviewed provisions of the state constitution that set requirements for voter registration.
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Wilmington insurrection of 1898
The Wilmington insurrection of 1898, also known as the Wilmington massacre of 1898 or the Wilmington race riot of 1898, occurred in Wilmington, North Carolina on November 10, 1898.
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Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921.
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World War I
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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1890 United States Census
The Eleventh United States Census was taken beginning June 2, 1890.
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1930 United States Census
The Fifteenth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau one month from April 1, 1930, determined the resident population of the United States to be 122,775,046, an increase of 13.7 percent over the 106,021,537 persons enumerated during the 1920 Census.
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1950 United States Census
The Seventeenth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 150,697,361, an increase of 14.5 percent over the 131,669,275 persons enumerated during the 1940 Census.
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Redirects here:
Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction era, Disfranchisement after Reconstruction era, Disfranchisement after Reconstruction era (United States), Disfranchisement after the American Civil War, Disfranchisement after the Civil War, Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era, Disfranchisement after the civil war.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disenfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_Era
