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Quantum key distribution

Index Quantum key distribution

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method which implements a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics. [1]

120 relations: Advanced Encryption Standard, Alice and Bob, Artur Ekert, Austria, Austrian Institute of Technology, Avalanche photodiode, Basis (linear algebra), Battelle Memorial Institute, BB84, BBN Technologies, Beijing, Bell test experiments, Bell's theorem, Binary search algorithm, Bit, Boston University, Canary Islands, Charles H. Bennett (computer scientist), China, Circular polarization, Communication channel, Computer network, Conjugate variables, Corning Inc., Counterfactual definiteness, Cryptographic protocol, DARPA, Decoy state, Denial-of-service attack, Eavesdropping, Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester, Encryption, ETSI, European Union, Forward secrecy, Gilles Brassard, Hardware random number generator, Harvard University, Hefei, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, ID Quantique, Information theory, Institute for Quantum Computing, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Interaction-free measurement, Jinan, Key (cryptography), Leftover hash lemma, ..., Linear polarization, List of quantum key distribution protocols, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MagiQ Technologies, Inc., Man-in-the-middle attack, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Message, Mitsubishi, Mitsubishi Electric, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NEC, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone, No-cloning theorem, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, One-time pad, One-way function, Optical fiber, Optical fiber cable, Orthogonality, Pan Jianwei, Parity bit, Photon, Photon polarization, Physical system, Poisson distribution, Provable security, Public-key cryptography, Qinetiq, Quantum channel, Quantum computing, Quantum cryptography, Quantum entanglement, Quantum Experiments at Space Scale, Quantum indeterminacy, Quantum information science, Quantum mechanics, Quantum network, Quantum state, Quantum superposition, Qubit, QuintessenceLabs, Random number generator attack, Randomness, Sankt Pölten, SARG04, Science News, Secure communication, Secure Communication based on Quantum Cryptography, Shanghai, Stephen Wiesner, Symmetric-key algorithm, Télécom ParisTech, Theoretical Computer Science (journal), Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Thomas Jennewein, Toshiba, Trojan Horse, Universal hashing, Université de Montréal, University of Cambridge, University of Geneva, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Vienna, University of Waterloo, Vacuum, Vienna, Waterloo, Ontario, Wolfson College, Oxford, Wuhu. Expand index (70 more) »

Advanced Encryption Standard

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael, is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001.

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Alice and Bob

Alice and Bob are fictional characters commonly used as placeholder names in cryptology, as well as science and engineering literature.

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Artur Ekert

Artur Konrad Ekert FRS (born 19 September 1961 in Wrocław, Poland) is a British-Polish professor of quantum physics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, professorial fellow in quantum physics and cryptography at Merton College, Oxford, Lee Kong Chian Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore and director of the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT).

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Austrian Institute of Technology

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology is Austria's largest Research and Technology Organization (RTO), employing about 1,300 people mostly based at the main facilities Vienna Tech Gate, Vienna TECHbase, Seibersdorf, Wiener Neustadt, Ranshofen and Graz.

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Avalanche photodiode

An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive semiconductor electronic device that exploits the photoelectric effect to convert light to electricity.

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Basis (linear algebra)

In mathematics, a set of elements (vectors) in a vector space V is called a basis, or a set of, if the vectors are linearly independent and every vector in the vector space is a linear combination of this set.

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Battelle Memorial Institute

Battelle Memorial Institute (more widely known as simply Battelle) is a private nonprofit applied science and technology development company headquartered in Columbus, Ohio.

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BB84

BB84 is a quantum key distribution scheme developed by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984.

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BBN Technologies

BBN Technologies (originally Bolt, Beranek and Newman) is an American high-technology company which provides research and development services.

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Beijing

Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.

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Bell test experiments

A Bell test experiment or Bell's inequality experiment, also simply a Bell test, is a real-world physics experiment designed to test the theory of quantum mechanics in relation to two other concepts: the principle of locality and Einstein's concept of "local realism".

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Bell's theorem

Bell's theorem is a "no-go theorem" that draws an important distinction between quantum mechanics and the world as described by classical mechanics.

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Binary search algorithm

In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search,logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array.

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Bit

The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.

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Boston University

Boston University (commonly referred to as BU) is a private, non-profit, research university in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Canary Islands

The Canary Islands (Islas Canarias) is a Spanish archipelago and autonomous community of Spain located in the Atlantic Ocean, west of Morocco at the closest point.

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Charles H. Bennett (computer scientist)

Charles Henry Bennett (b. 1943) is a physicist, information theorist and IBM Fellow at IBM Research.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Circular polarization

In electrodynamics, circular polarization of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization state in which, at each point, the electric field of the wave has a constant magnitude but its direction rotates with time at a steady rate in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

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Communication channel

A communication channel or simply channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking.

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Computer network

A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources.

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Conjugate variables

Conjugate variables are pairs of variables mathematically defined in such a way that they become Fourier transform duals, or more generally are related through Pontryagin duality.

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Corning Inc.

Corning Incorporated is an American multinational technology company that specializes in specialty glass, ceramics, and related materials and technologies including advanced optics, primarily for industrial and scientific applications.

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Counterfactual definiteness

In quantum mechanics, counterfactual definiteness (CFD) is the ability to speak "meaningfully" of the definiteness of the results of measurements that have not been performed (i.e., the ability to assume the existence of objects, and properties of objects, even when they have not been measured).

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Cryptographic protocol

A security protocol (cryptographic protocol or encryption protocol) is an abstract or concrete protocol that performs a security-related function and applies cryptographic methods, often as sequences of cryptographic primitives.

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DARPA

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.

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Decoy state

Decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is the most widely implemented QKD scheme.

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Denial-of-service attack

In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to the Internet.

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Eavesdropping

Eavesdropping is secretly or stealthily listening to the private conversation or communications of others without their consent.

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Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester

The Elitzur–Vaidman bomb-tester is a quantum mechanics thought experiment that uses interaction-free measurements to verify that a bomb is functional without having to detonate it.

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Encryption

In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding a message or information in such a way that only authorized parties can access it and those who are not authorized cannot.

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ETSI

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, headquartered in Sophia-Antipolis, France, with worldwide projection.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Forward secrecy

In cryptography, forward secrecy (FS), also known as perfect forward secrecy (PFS), is a feature of specific key agreement protocols that gives assurances your session keys will not be compromised even if the private key of the server is compromised.

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Gilles Brassard

Gilles Brassard, is a faculty member of the Université de Montréal, where he has been a Full Professor since 1988 and Canada Research Chair since 2001.

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Hardware random number generator

In computing, a hardware random number generator (true random number generator, TRNG) is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process, rather than a computer program.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Hefei

Hefei is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province in China.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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ID Quantique

ID Quantique (IDQ) is a Swiss company, based in Geneva, Switzerland, and provides quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, quantum safe network encryption, single photon counters, and hardware random number generators.

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Information theory

Information theory studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information.

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Institute for Quantum Computing

The Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) is an affiliate scientific research institute of the University of Waterloo in located in Waterloo, Ontario with a multidisciplinary approach to the field of quantum information processing.

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Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information

The Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI) (Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation) is a subsidiary institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and was founded in November 2003.

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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey.

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Interaction-free measurement

In physics, interaction-free measurement is a type of measurement in quantum mechanics that detects the position, presence, or state of an object without an interaction occurring between it and the measuring device.

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Jinan

Jinan, formerly romanized as Tsinan, is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China.

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Key (cryptography)

In cryptography, a key is a piece of information (a parameter) that determines the functional output of a cryptographic algorithm.

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Leftover hash lemma

The leftover hash lemma is a lemma in cryptography first stated by Russell Impagliazzo, Leonid Levin, and Michael Luby.

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Linear polarization

In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation.

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List of quantum key distribution protocols

Quantum key distribution protocols are used in quantum key distribution.

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Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos or LANL for short) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory initially organized during World War II for the design of nuclear weapons as part of the Manhattan Project.

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MagiQ Technologies, Inc.

MagiQ Technologies, Inc., or MagiQ, is an American technology development company headquartered in Somerville, Massachusetts.

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Man-in-the-middle attack

In cryptography and computer security, a man-in-the-middle attack (MITM) is an attack where the attacker secretly relays and possibly alters the communication between two parties who believe they are directly communicating with each other.

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Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light

The Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light (MPL) performs basic research in optical metrology, optical communication, new optical materials, plasmonics and nanophotonics and optical applications in biology and medicine.

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Message

A message is a discrete unit of communication intended by the source for consumption by some recipient or group of recipients.

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Mitsubishi

The is a group of autonomous Japanese multinational companies in a variety of industries.

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Mitsubishi Electric

is a Japanese multinational electronics and electrical equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

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National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

The is Japan's primary national research institute for information and communications.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States.

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NEC

is a Japanese multinational provider of information technology (IT) services and products, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.

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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone

, commonly known as NTT, is a Japanese telecommunications company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

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No-cloning theorem

In physics, the no-cloning theorem states that it is impossible to create an identical copy of an arbitrary unknown quantum state.

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Norwegian University of Science and Technology

The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, abbreviated NTNU) is a public research university with campuses in the cities of Trondheim, Gjøvik, and Ålesund in Norway, and has become the largest university in Norway, following the university merger in 2016.

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One-time pad

In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a one-time pre-shared key the same size as, or longer than, the message being sent.

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One-way function

In computer science, a one-way function is a function that is easy to compute on every input, but hard to invert given the image of a random input.

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Optical fiber

An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.

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Optical fiber cable

An optical fiber cable, also known as a fiber optic cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light.

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Orthogonality

In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the notion of perpendicularity to the linear algebra of bilinear forms.

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Pan Jianwei

Pan Jianwei is a Chinese quantum physicist.

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Parity bit

A parity bit, or check bit, is a bit added to a string of binary code to ensure that the total number of 1-bits in the string is even or odd.

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Photon

The photon is a type of elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force (even when static via virtual particles).

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Photon polarization

Photon polarization is the quantum mechanical description of the classical polarized sinusoidal plane electromagnetic wave.

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Physical system

In physics, a physical system is a portion of the physical universe chosen for analysis.

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Poisson distribution

In probability theory and statistics, the Poisson distribution (in English often rendered), named after French mathematician Siméon Denis Poisson, is a discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space if these events occur with a known constant rate and independently of the time since the last event.

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Provable security

Provable security refers to any type or level of security that can be proved.

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Public-key cryptography

Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is any cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys which may be disseminated widely, and private keys which are known only to the owner.

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Qinetiq

Qinetiq (as in kinetic; styled as QinetiQ) is a British multinational defence technology company headquartered in Farnborough, Hampshire.

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Quantum channel

In quantum information theory, a quantum channel is a communication channel which can transmit quantum information, as well as classical information.

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Quantum computing

Quantum computing is computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement.

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Quantum cryptography

Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks.

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Quantum entanglement

Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon which occurs when pairs or groups of particles are generated, interact, or share spatial proximity in ways such that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the state of the other(s), even when the particles are separated by a large distance—instead, a quantum state must be described for the system as a whole.

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Quantum Experiments at Space Scale

Quantum Experiments at Space Scale (QUESS), is an international research project in the field of quantum physics.

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Quantum indeterminacy

Quantum indeterminacy is the apparent necessary incompleteness in the description of a physical system, that has become one of the characteristics of the standard description of quantum physics.

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Quantum information science

Quantum information science is an area of study based on the idea that information science depends on quantum effects in physics.

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Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.

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Quantum network

Quantum networks form an important element of quantum computing and quantum communication systems.

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Quantum state

In quantum physics, quantum state refers to the state of an isolated quantum system.

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Quantum superposition

Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics.

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Qubit

In quantum computing, a qubit or quantum bit (sometimes qbit) is a unit of quantum information—the quantum analogue of the classical binary bit.

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QuintessenceLabs

QuintessenceLabs Pty Ltd. (or QuintessenceLabs) is a cybersecurity company headquartered in Canberra, Australia with offices in San Jose, California.

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Random number generator attack

The security of cryptographic systems depends on some secret data that is known to authorized persons but unknown and unpredictable to others.

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Randomness

Randomness is the lack of pattern or predictability in events.

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Sankt Pölten

Sankt Pölten, mostly abbreviated to the official name St.

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SARG04

SARG04 is a quantum cryptography protocol derived from the first protocol of that kind, BB84.

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Science News

Science News is an American bi-weekly magazine devoted to short articles about new scientific and technical developments, typically gleaned from recent scientific and technical journals.

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Secure communication

Secure communication is when two entities are communicating and do not want a third party to listen in.

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Secure Communication based on Quantum Cryptography

Secure Communication based on Quantum Cryptography (SECOQC) is a project that aims to develop quantum cryptography (see there for further details).

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Shanghai

Shanghai (Wu Chinese) is one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of China and the most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million.

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Stephen Wiesner

Stephen J. Wiesner (born 1942) is a research physicist currently living in Israel.

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Symmetric-key algorithm

Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both encryption of plaintext and decryption of ciphertext.

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Télécom ParisTech

Télécom ParisTech (also known as ENST or Télécom or École nationale supérieure des télécommunications) is one of the top French public institutions of higher education and research (Grandes Écoles) of engineering in France.

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Theoretical Computer Science (journal)

Theoretical Computer Science (TCS) is a computer science journal published by Elsevier, started in 1975 and covering theoretical computer science.

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Thomas J. Watson Research Center

The Thomas J. Watson Research Center is the headquarters for IBM Research.

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Thomas Jennewein

Thomas Jennewein is an Austrian physicist who conducts research in quantum communication and quantum key distribution.

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Toshiba

, commonly known as Toshiba, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

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Trojan Horse

The Trojan Horse is a tale from the Trojan War about the subterfuge that the Greeks used to enter the independent city of Troy and win the war.

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Universal hashing

In mathematics and computing universal hashing (in a randomized algorithm or data structure) refers to selecting a hash function at random from a family of hash functions with a certain mathematical property (see definition below).

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Université de Montréal

The Université de Montréal (UdeM) is a public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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University of Geneva

The University of Geneva (French: Université de Genève) is a public research university located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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University of Science and Technology of China

The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a national research university in Hefei, Anhui, China, under the direct leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

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University of Vienna

The University of Vienna (Universität Wien) is a public university located in Vienna, Austria.

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University of Waterloo

The University of Waterloo (commonly referred to as Waterloo, UW, or UWaterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario.

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Vacuum

Vacuum is space devoid of matter.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.

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Waterloo, Ontario

Waterloo is a city in Southern Ontario, Canada.

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Wolfson College, Oxford

Wolfson College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England.

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Wuhu

Wuhu (literally "Weedy Lake") is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Anhui province, China.

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Redirects here:

E91 protocol, Photon number splitting, QKD, QKDN, Quantum encryption, Quantum key distribution network, S09.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_key_distribution

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