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West African Ebola virus epidemic

Index West African Ebola virus epidemic

The West African Ebola virus epidemic (2013–2016) was the most widespread outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in history—causing major loss of life and socioeconomic disruption in the region, mainly in the countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. [1]

228 relations: ABC News (Australia), Achilles tendon, Africa–China relations, AllAfrica.com, Ameyo Adadevoh, Angolan free-tailed bat, Aqueous humour, Arthralgia, Arthritis, Aspen Medical, Associated Press, Autopsy, Awa Marie Coll-Seck, Équateur (former province), Bamako, Ban Ki-moon, Basic reproduction number, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Blood transfusion, Bloomberg News, Bo District, Boende, Bombali District, Broad Institute, Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, Bundibugyo virus, Case fatality rate, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Central nervous system, Clinical trial, Conakry, Confidence interval, Contact tracing, Cordon sanitaire, Corticosteroid, Current Opinion (Elsevier), Dakar, Dallas, Dehydration, Delirium, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Deutsche Welle, Diarrhea, Disinfectant, Dog meat, Drinking water, Duiker, Ebola virus, Ebola virus cases in the United States, Ebola virus disease, ..., Ebola virus disease in Mali, Ebola virus disease in Nigeria, Ebola virus disease in Spain, Ebola virus disease in the United Kingdom, Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea, Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia, Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone, Ebolavirus, Electrolyte, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Endemic (epidemiology), Enthesitis, Ernest Bai Koroma, Eurosurveillance, Extreme poverty, Fatigue, Fever, Financial Times, Food and Agriculture Organization, Forécariah, Forécariah Prefecture, Freetown, FrontPage Africa, Glasgow, Gonad, Gorilla, Gross domestic product, Group of Seven, Guéckédou Prefecture, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Habitability, Hand washing, Harvard University, Health crisis, Heat map, Herd immunity, Hyaline cartilage, Hypovolemia, Imam, Immune privilege, Incidence (epidemiology), Index case, Indigenous (ecology), Influenza, International Health Regulations, International Monetary Fund, International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Intravenous therapy, Isolation (health care), Isolation ward, Italy, Johns Hopkins University, Kambia District, Kayes, Kenema, Kindia, Kissy, Sierra Leone, Kono District, Koropara, Labyrinthitis, Lagos, Last offices, Latrine, Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Liberia, Liberian Observer, List of Ebola outbreaks, Lofa County, Lunsar, Macenta, Macenta Prefecture, Macky Sall, Magburaka, Mali, Margaret Chan, Marshall Plan, Médecins Sans Frontières, Medical evacuation, Megabat, Meliandou, Meningitis, Microbat, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene (Guinea), Ministry of Health and Sanitation (Sierra Leone), Monrovia, Montserrado County, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Myalgia, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Nausea, NBC News, Nigeria, Nigerian naira, Nimba County, Non-governmental organization, Nzérékoré, Oral rehydration therapy, Oxfam, Paresthesia, Partners In Health, Pathogen, Paul Farmer, Peripherally inserted central catheter, Peter Piot, Phases of clinical research, Placebo, Plan International, Poliomyelitis, Port Loko District, Post-Ebola virus syndrome, Powered air-purifying respirator, Public Health Emergency of International Concern, Public health surveillance, Quran, Randomized controlled trial, Reuters, Ring vaccination, RNA, Rusal, Russia, RVSV-ZEBOV vaccine, Samaritan's Purse, San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation, Sanitation, Sardinia, Semen, Senegal, Sequela, Sequencing, Serostatus, Sheik Umar Khan, Sierra Leone, Smallpox, Social vulnerability, South Sudan, Spain, Sperm, Taï Forest ebolavirus, Tana, Guinea, Tenosynovitis, Texas, The Guardian (Nigeria), The Lancet, The New England Journal of Medicine, The New York Times, Thomas Eric Duncan, Time (magazine), Time Person of the Year, Tonkolili District, Traditional medicine, Triage, Tulane University, Uganda, UNICEF, United Kingdom, United Nations, United Nations Development Group, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, United Nations Security Council, United States, United States Agency for International Development, University of Cambridge, Uveitis, Vaccine, Vertigo, Virus, Water supply, Wellcome Trust, Womey, World Bank, World Health Organization, World War II, Worst-case scenario, Zoonosis, 2009 flu pandemic. Expand index (178 more) »

ABC News (Australia)

ABC News is a national news service in Australia produced by the News and Current Affairs division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

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Achilles tendon

The Achilles tendon or heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon of the back of the leg, and the thickest in the human body.

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Africa–China relations

Sino-African relations refers to the historical, political, economic, military, social and cultural connections between China and the African continent.

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AllAfrica.com

AllAfrica.com is a website that aggregates news produced primarily on the African continent about all areas of African life, politics, issues and culture.

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Ameyo Adadevoh

Ameyo Adadevoh (born Ameyo Stella Shade Adadevoh; 27 October 1956 – 19 August 2014) was a Nigerian physician.

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Angolan free-tailed bat

The Angolan free-tailed bat (Mops condylurus) is a species of bat in the family Molossidae.

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Aqueous humour

The aqueous humour is a transparent, watery fluid similar to plasma, but containing low protein concentrations.

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Arthralgia

Arthralgia (from Greek arthro-, joint + -algos, pain) literally means joint pain; it is a symptom of injury, infection, illnesses (in particular arthritis) or an allergic reaction to medication.

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Arthritis

Arthritis is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints.

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Aspen Medical

Aspen Medical is a global provider of health services, with a focus on assisting rural and remote communities and responding to emergency and critical situations.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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Autopsy

An autopsy (post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a highly specialized surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes.

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Awa Marie Coll-Seck

Awa Marie Coll-Seck (born 1951 in Dakar, Senegal), is former Executive Director of The Roll Back Malaria (RBM) Partnership and is on the Board of Directors at the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Innovative Vector Control Consortium (IVCC) et al.

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Équateur (former province)

Équateur (French for "Equator") was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the new, smaller Équateur province, as well as the Tshuapa, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi and Sud-Ubangi provinces.

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Bamako

Bamako is the capital and largest city of Mali, with a population of 1.8 million (2009 census, provisional).

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Ban Ki-moon

Ban Ki-moon (born 13 June 1944) is a South Korean politician and diplomat who was the eighth Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 2007 to December 2016.

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Basic reproduction number

In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number (sometimes called basic reproductive ratio, or incorrectly basic reproductive rate, and denoted R0, r nought) of an infection can be thought of as the number of cases one case generates on average over the course of its infectious period, in an otherwise uninfected population.

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Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine

Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine; (Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin) (BNI) is a medical institution based in Hamburg, Germany which is dedicated to research, treatment, training and therapy of tropical and infectious diseases.

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Blood transfusion

Blood transfusion is generally the process of receiving blood or blood products into one's circulation intravenously.

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Bloomberg News

Bloomberg News is an international news agency headquartered in New York, United States and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bloomberg Markets, Bloomberg.com and Bloomberg's mobile platforms.

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Bo District

Bo District is a district in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Boende

Boende is a town and capital of Tshuapa Province, lying on the Tshuapa River, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Bombali District

Bombali District is a district in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Broad Institute

The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, often referred to as the Broad Institute, is a biomedical and genomic research center located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God

The Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God (officially the Hospitaller Order of the Brothers of Saint John of God; abbreviated as O.H.) are a Roman Catholic order founded in 1572.

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Bundibugyo virus

Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) is a close relative of the much more commonly known Ebola virus (EBOV).

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Case fatality rate

In epidemiology, a case fatality rate (CFR)—or case fatality risk, case fatality ratio or just fatality rate—is the proportion of deaths within a designated population of "cases" (people with a medical condition) over the course of the disease.

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States.

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Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

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Clinical trial

Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.

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Conakry

Conakry (Sosso: Kɔnakiri) is the capital and largest city of Guinea.

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Confidence interval

In statistics, a confidence interval (CI) is a type of interval estimate, computed from the statistics of the observed data, that might contain the true value of an unknown population parameter.

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Contact tracing

In epidemiology, contact tracing is the identification and diagnosis of people who may have come into contact with an infected person.

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Cordon sanitaire

Cordon sanitaire is a French phrase that, literally translated, means "sanitary cordon".

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Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.

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Current Opinion (Elsevier)

Current Opinion is a collection of review journals on various disciplines of the life sciences published by Elsevier.

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Dakar

Dakar is the capital and largest city of Senegal.

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Dallas

Dallas is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.

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Dehydration

In physiology, dehydration is a deficit of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes.

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Delirium

Delirium, also known as acute confusional state, is an organically caused decline from a previously baseline level of mental function.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Deutsche Welle

Deutsche Welle ("German wave" in German) or DW is Germany's public international broadcaster.

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Diarrhea

Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day.

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Disinfectant

Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied to the surface of non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects.

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Dog meat

Dog meat is the flesh and other edible parts derived from dogs.

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Drinking water

Drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to drink or to use for food preparation.

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Duiker

A duiker is a small to medium-sized brown in colour antelope native to Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Ebola virus

Ebola virus (EBOV, formerly designated Zaire ebolavirus) is one of five known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus.

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Ebola virus cases in the United States

In December 2014, Ebola virus cases in the United States occurred due to four laboratory-confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease (commonly known as "Ebola") in the United States.

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Ebola virus disease

Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) or simply Ebola, is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses.

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Ebola virus disease in Mali

Ebola virus disease in Mali occurred in October 2014, leading to concern about the possibility of an outbreak of Ebola in Mali.

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Ebola virus disease in Nigeria

Ebola virus disease in Nigeria occurred in 2014, a small part of the epidemic of Ebola virus disease (commonly known as "Ebola") beginning in Guinea that represented the first outbreak of the disease in a West African country.

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Ebola virus disease in Spain

In 2014, Ebola virus disease in Spain occurred due to two patients with cases of the disease contracted during the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa; they were medically evacuated.

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Ebola virus disease in the United Kingdom

Ebola virus disease in the United Kingdom, includes an aid worker returning from treating victims of the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa who contracted the disease.

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Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea

An epidemic of Ebola virus disease in Guinea represents the first ever outbreak of Ebola in a West African country.

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Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia

An epidemic of Ebola virus disease occurred in Liberia from 2014 to 2015, along with the neighbouring countries of Guinea and Sierra Leone.

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Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone

An Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone occurred in 2014, along with the neighbouring countries of Guinea and Liberia.

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Ebolavirus

The genus Ebolavirus is a virological taxon included in the family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales.

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Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.

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Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (born 29 October 1938) is a Liberian politician who served as the 24th President of Liberia from 2006 to 2018.

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Endemic (epidemiology)

In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic (from Greek ἐν en "in, within" and δῆμος demos "people") in a population when that infection is constantly maintained at a baseline level in a geographic area without external inputs.

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Enthesitis

Enthesitis is inflammation of the entheses, the sites where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone.

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Ernest Bai Koroma

Ernest Bai Koroma (born 2 October 1953) is a Sierra Leonean politician who served as the 4th President of Sierra Leone from 17 September 2007 to 4 April 2018.

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Eurosurveillance

Eurosurveillance is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal covering epidemiology, with a focus on such topics that are of particular relevance to Europe.

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Extreme poverty

Extreme poverty, abject poverty, absolute poverty, destitution, or penury, was originally defined by the United Nations in 1995 as "a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information.

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Fatigue

Fatigue is a subjective feeling of tiredness that has a gradual onset.

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Fever

Fever, also known as pyrexia and febrile response, is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set-point.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Food and Agriculture Organization

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.

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Forécariah

Forécariah is a sub-prefecture and town located in western Guinea.

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Forécariah Prefecture

Forécariah is a prefecture located in the Kindia Region of Guinea.

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Freetown

Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone.

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FrontPage Africa

FrontPage Africa is a Liberian daily newspaper founded in 2005 by Rodney Sieh.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Gonad

A gonad or sex gland or reproductive gland is a mixed gland that produces the gametes (sex cells) and sex hormones of an organism.

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Gorilla

Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Group of Seven

The Group of Seven (G7) is a group consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

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Guéckédou Prefecture

Guéckédou is a prefecture located in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea.

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Guinea

Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea (République de Guinée), is a country on the western coast of Africa.

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Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a sovereign state in West Africa.

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Habitability

Habitability is the conformance of a residence or abode to the implied warranty of habitability.

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Hand washing

Hand washing, also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and microorganisms.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Health crisis

A health crisis or public health crisis is a difficult situation or complex health system that affects humans in one or more geographic areas (mainly occurred in natural hazards), from a particular locality to encompass the entire planet.

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Heat map

A heat map (or heatmap) is a graphical representation of data where the individual values contained in a matrix are represented as colors.

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Herd immunity

Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune.

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Hyaline cartilage

Hyaline cartilage is glass-like (hyaline) but translucent cartilage.

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Hypovolemia

Hypovolemia is a state of decreased blood volume; more specifically, decrease in volume of blood plasma.

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Imam

Imam (إمام; plural: أئمة) is an Islamic leadership position.

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Immune privilege

Certain sites of the human body have immune privilege, meaning they are able to tolerate the introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune response.

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Incidence (epidemiology)

Incidence in epidemiology is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.

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Index case

The index case is the first documented patient in the onset of an epidemiological investigation, or more generally, the first case of a condition or syndrome (not necessarily contagious) to be described in the medical literature, whether or not the patient is thought to be the first person affected.

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Indigenous (ecology)

In biogeography, a species is defined as indigenous to a given region or ecosystem if its presence in that region is the result of only natural process, with no human intervention.

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Influenza

Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.

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International Health Regulations

The International Health Regulations (2005) are a legally binding instrument of international law that aim to a) assist countries to work together to save lives and livelihoods endangered by the international spread of diseases and other health risks, and b) avoid unnecessary interference with international trade and travel. The purpose and scope of IHR 2005 are to prevent, protect against, control and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks, and which avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade. (Art. 2, IHR (2005)).

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International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.

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International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 17 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering.

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Intravenous therapy

Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers liquid substances directly into a vein (intra- + ven- + -ous).

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Isolation (health care)

In health care facilities, isolation represents one of several measures that can be taken to implement infection control: the prevention of contagious diseases from being spread from a patient to other patients, health care workers, and visitors, or from outsiders to a particular patient (reverse isolation).

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Isolation ward

In hospitals and other medical facilities, an isolation ward is a separate ward used to isolate patients suffering from infectious diseases.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Kambia District

Kambia District is a district in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Kayes

Kayes (Bambara: Kayi, Soninké: Xaayi) is a city in western Mali on the Sénégal River, with a population of 127,368 at the 2009 census.

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Kenema

Kenema is the second largest city in Sierra Leone (after Freetown), and the largest city in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Kindia

Kindia is the fourth largest city in Guinea, lying about 85 miles north east of the nation's capital Conakry.

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Kissy, Sierra Leone

Kissy is a neighborhood on the eastern end of the capital Freetown in Sierra Leone.

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Kono District

Kono District is a diamond-rich district in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Koropara

Koropara is a town and sub-prefecture in the Nzérékoré Prefecture in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea.

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Labyrinthitis

Labyrinthitis, also known as vestibular neuritis, is the inflammation of inner ear.

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Lagos

Lagos is a city in the Nigerian state of Lagos.

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Last offices

The last offices, or laying out, is the procedures performed, usually by a nurse, to the body of a dead person shortly after death has been confirmed.

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Latrine

A latrine is a toilet or an even simpler facility which is used as a toilet within a sanitation system.

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Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases

The Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases (Italian: L'istituto nazionale per le malattie infettive "L. Spallanzani") is an infectious disease hospital in the Italian city of Rome.

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Liberia

Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast.

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Liberian Observer

The Liberian Observer or Daily Observer is a newspaper published in Liberia.

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List of Ebola outbreaks

This list of Ebola outbreaks records the known occurrences of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, a highly infectious and acutely lethal viral disease that has afflicted humans and animals primarily in equatorial Africa.

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Lofa County

Lofa is a county in the northernmost portion of Liberia.

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Lunsar

Lunsar is a town in Port Loko District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Macenta

Macenta is a town in southeastern Guinea, founded by the Toma people.

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Macenta Prefecture

Macenta is a prefecture located in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea.

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Macky Sall

Macky Sall (born 11 December 1961) is a Senegalese politician who has been President of Senegal since April 2012.

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Magburaka

Magburaka is the capital and largest city of Tonkolili District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Mali

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa, a region geologically identified with the West African Craton.

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Margaret Chan

Margaret Chan Fung Fu-chun,, JP (born August 21, 1947) is a Chinese-Canadian physician, who served as the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) delegating the People's Republic of China for 2006–2017.

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Marshall Plan

The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $13 billion (nearly $ billion in US dollars) in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.

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Médecins Sans Frontières

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF; pronounced), also known in English as Doctors Without Borders, is an international humanitarian medical non-governmental organisation (NGO) of French origin best known for its projects in conflict zones and in countries affected by endemic diseases.

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Medical evacuation

Medical evacuation, often shortened to medevac or medivac, is the timely and efficient movement and en route care provided by medical personnel to wounded being evacuated from a battlefield, to injured patients being evacuated from the scene of an accident to receiving medical facilities, or to patients at a rural hospital requiring urgent care at a better-equipped facility using medically equipped ground vehicles (ambulances) or aircraft (air ambulances).

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Megabat

Megabats constitute the suborder Megachiroptera, and its only family Pteropodidae of the order Chiroptera (bats).

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Meliandou

Meliandou is a village in Guéckédou Prefecture, in the Nzérékoré Region of southern Guinea.

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Meningitis

Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges.

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Microbat

The microbats constitute the suborder Microchiroptera within the order Chiroptera (bats).

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Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene (Guinea)

The Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene is a ministry of the government of Guinea, with its headquarters in the capital city Conakry.

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Ministry of Health and Sanitation (Sierra Leone)

The Ministry of Health and Sanitation is the health ministry of Sierra Leone.

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Monrovia

Monrovia is the capital city of the West African country of Liberia.

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Montserrado County

Montserrado County is a county in the northwestern portion of the West African nation of Liberia.

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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report is a weekly epidemiological digest for the United States published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

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Myalgia

Myalgia, or muscle pain, is a symptom of many diseases and disorders.

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

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Nausea

Nausea or queasiness is an unpleasant sense of unease, discomfort, and revulsion towards food.

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NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC, formerly known as the National Broadcasting Company when it was founded on radio.

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Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.

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Nigerian naira

The naira (sign: ₦; code: NGN) is the currency of Nigeria.

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Nimba County

Nimba County is a county in the northeastern Liberia that shares borders with the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire in the East and the Republic of Guinea in the Northeast.

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Non-governmental organization

Non-governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, or nongovernment organizations, commonly referred to as NGOs, are usually non-profit and sometimes international organizations independent of governments and international governmental organizations (though often funded by governments) that are active in humanitarian, educational, health care, public policy, social, human rights, environmental, and other areas to effect changes according to their objectives.

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Nzérékoré

Nzérékoré, also spelled N'Zérékoré, is the second largest city in Guinea by population, after the capital Conakry and the largest city in the Guinée forestière region of south-eastern Guinea.

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Oral rehydration therapy

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially that due to diarrhea.

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Oxfam

Oxfam is a confederation of 20 independent charitable organizations focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International.

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Paresthesia

Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation such as tingling, tickling, pricking, numbness or burning of a person's skin with no apparent physical cause.

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Partners In Health

Partners In Health (PIH) is a Boston-based nonprofit health care organization founded in 1987 by Paul Farmer, Ophelia Dahl, Thomas J. White, Todd McCormack, and Jim Yong Kim.

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Pathogen

In biology, a pathogen (πάθος pathos "suffering, passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") or a '''germ''' in the oldest and broadest sense is anything that can produce disease; the term came into use in the 1880s.

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Paul Farmer

Paul Edward Farmer (born October 26, 1959) is an American anthropologist and physician who is best known for his humanitarian work providing suitable health care to rural and under-resourced areas in developing countries, beginning in Haiti.

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Peripherally inserted central catheter

A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC or PIC line), less commonly called a percutaneous indwelling central catheter, is a form of intravenous access that can be used for a prolonged period of time (e.g., for long chemotherapy regimens, extended antibiotic therapy, or total parenteral nutrition) or for administration of substances that should not be done peripherally (e.g., antihypotensive agents a.k.a. pressors).

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Peter Piot

Baron Peter Karel Piot, KCMG, FRCP, FMedSci (born 1949) is a Belgian microbiologist known for his research into Ebola and AIDS.

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Phases of clinical research

The phases of clinical research are the steps in which scientists do experiments with a health intervention in an attempt to find enough evidence for a process which would be useful as a medical treatment.

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Placebo

A placebo is a substance or treatment of no intended therapeutic value.

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Plan International

Plan International is an independent development and humanitarian organisation which works in 71 countries across the world, in Africa, the Americas, and Asia to advance children’s rights and equality for girls.

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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.

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Port Loko District

Port Loko District is a district in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Post-Ebola virus syndrome

Post-Ebola virus syndrome (or post-Ebola syndrome) is a post-viral syndrome affecting those who have recovered from infection with Ebola.

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Powered air-purifying respirator

A powered, air-purifying respirator (PAPR) is a type of personal protective equipment used to safeguard workers against contaminated air.

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Public Health Emergency of International Concern

A Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) is a formal declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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Public health surveillance

Public health surveillance (also epidemiological surveillance, clinical surveillance or syndromic surveillance) is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), "the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice.", World Health Organization (accessed January 14, 2016).

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Quran

The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).

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Randomized controlled trial

A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment.

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Ring vaccination

Ring vaccination is a strategy to inhibit the spread of a disease by vaccinating only those who are most likely to be infected.

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RNA

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.

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Rusal

United Company RUSAL (OK RUSAL) is the world's second largest aluminium company by primary production output (as of 2016).

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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RVSV-ZEBOV vaccine

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–Zaire Ebola virus (rVSV-ZEBOV) is an experimental vaccine for protection against Ebola virus disease.

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Samaritan's Purse

Samaritan's Purse is an evangelical Christian humanitarian aid organization that provides aid to people in physical need as a key part of Christian missionary work.

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San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation

San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation, Inc. is a private, non-stock, non-profit, joint institute of education and tertiary health sciences operating as a college and hospital in Pasay City, Philippines.

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Sanitation

Sanitation refers to public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage.

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Sardinia

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Semen

Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that may contain spermatozoa.

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Senegal

Senegal (Sénégal), officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country in West Africa.

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Sequela

A sequela (usually used in the plural, sequelae) is a pathological condition resulting from a disease, injury, therapy, or other trauma.

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Sequencing

In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (sometimes falsely called primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer.

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Serostatus

Serostatus refers to the presence or absence of a serological marker in the blood.

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Sheik Umar Khan

Doctor Sheik Umar Khan (6 March 1975 – 29 July 2014) was the chief Sierra Leonean doctor attempting to curb the country's Ebola outbreak in 2014.

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Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa.

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Smallpox

Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.

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Social vulnerability

In its broadest sense, social vulnerability is one dimension of vulnerability to multiple stressors and shocks, including abuse, social exclusion and natural hazards.

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South Sudan

South Sudan, officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Sperm

Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").

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Taï Forest ebolavirus

The species Taï Forest ebolavirus is a virological taxon included in the genus Ebolavirus, family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales.

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Tana, Guinea

Tana is a small rural village in Guinea, nor far from the border with Sierra Leone.

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Tenosynovitis

Tenosynovitis is the inflammation of the fluid-filled sheath (called the synovium) that surrounds a tendon, typically leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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The Guardian (Nigeria)

The Guardian is an independent daily newspaper published in Lagos, Nigeria, by Guardian Newspapers Limited.

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The Lancet

The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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Thomas Eric Duncan

Thomas Eric Duncan (May 2, 1969 – October 8, 2014) was a Liberian who became the first Ebola patient diagnosed in the United States on September 30, 2014.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Time Person of the Year

Person of the Year (called Man of the Year or Woman of the Year until 1999) is an annual issue of the United States news magazine Time that features and profiles a person, a group, an idea, or an object that "for better or for worse...

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Tonkolili District

Tonkolili District is a District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

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Traditional medicine

Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within various societies before the era of modern medicine.

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Triage

Triage is the process of determining the priority of patients' treatments based on the severity of their condition.

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Tulane University

Tulane University is a private, nonsectarian research university in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.

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Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda), is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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UNICEF

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) is a United Nations (UN) program headquartered in New York City that provides humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations Development Group

The United Nations Development Group (UNDG) is a consortium of many United Nations agencies, created by the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 1997 to improve the effectiveness of UN development activities at the country level.

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United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the United Nations' global development network.

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United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée Générale AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), the only one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.

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United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is a United Nations (UN) body formed in December 1991 by General Assembly Resolution 46/182.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Agency for International Development

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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Uveitis

Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer that lies between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea.

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Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

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Vertigo

Vertigo is a symptom where a person feels as if they or the objects around them are moving when they are not.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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Water supply

Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes.

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Wellcome Trust

The Wellcome Trust is a biomedical research charity based in London, United Kingdom.

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Womey

Womey (or Womé or Ouomé) is a town and sub-prefecture in the Nzérékoré Prefecture in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea.

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World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Worst-case scenario

A worst-case scenario is a concept in risk management wherein the planner, in planning for potential disasters, considers the most severe possible outcome that can reasonably be projected to occur in a given situation.

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Zoonosis

Zoonoses are infectious diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans.

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2009 flu pandemic

The 2009 flu pandemic or swine flu was an influenza pandemic, and the second of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus (the first of them being the 1918 flu pandemic), albeit in a new version.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic

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