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38 relations: Amino acid, Antibody, Antigen, Antigen-presenting cell, B cell, Biomolecular structure, Conformational epitope, ELISA, Epitope, Epitope binning, Epitope mapping, FLAG-tag, Glutathione S-transferase, Glycolipid, Glycosylation, HA-tag, Immune system, Linear epitope, Major histocompatibility complex, Mimotope, Mutagenesis, Myc-tag, Niels Kaj Jerne, Odotope theory, Paratope, Phosphorylation, Polyclonal B cell response, Polyhistidine-tag, Protein, Protein biosynthesis, Protein microarray, Protein tag, Proteolysis, Proteomics, Recombinant DNA, Somatic cell, T cell, Tumor antigen.
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Antibody
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Antigen
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.
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Antigen-presenting cell
An antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell is a cell that displays antigen complexed with major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on their surfaces; this process is known as antigen presentation.
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B cell
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype.
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Biomolecular structure
Biomolecular structure is the intricate folded, three-dimensional shape that is formed by a molecule of protein, DNA, or RNA, and that is important to its function.
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Conformational epitope
A conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids) composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system.
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ELISA
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a test that uses antibodies and color change to identify a substance.
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Epitope
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells.
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Epitope binning
Epitope binning is a competitive immunoassay used to characterize and then sort a library of monoclonal antibodies against a target protein.
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Epitope mapping
Epitope mapping is the process of experimentally identifying the binding sites, or 'epitopes', of antibodies on their target antigens.
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FLAG-tag
FLAG-tag, or FLAG octapeptide, or FLAG epitope, is a polypeptide protein tag that can be added to a protein using recombinant DNA technology, having the sequence motif DYKDDDDK (where D.
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Glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of eukaryotic and prokaryotic phase II metabolic isozymes best known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification.
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Glycolipid
Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic bond or covalently bonded.
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Glycosylation
Glycosylation (see also chemical glycosylation) is the reaction in which a carbohydrate, i.e. a glycosyl donor, is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of another molecule (a glycosyl acceptor).
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HA-tag
Human influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is a surface glycoprotein required for the infectivity of the human virus.
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Immune system
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
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Linear epitope
A linear or a sequential epitope is an epitope that is recognized by antibodies by its linear sequence of amino acids, or primary structure.
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Major histocompatibility complex
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of cell surface proteins essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules in vertebrates, which in turn determines histocompatibility.
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Mimotope
A mimotope is a macromolecule, often a peptide, which mimics the structure of an epitope.
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Mutagenesis
Mutagenesis is a process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed, resulting in a mutation.
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Myc-tag
A myc tag is a polypeptide protein tag derived from the c-myc gene product that can be added to a protein using recombinant DNA technology.
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Niels Kaj Jerne
Niels Kaj Jerne, FRS (23 December 1911 – 7 October 1994) was a Danish immunologist.
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Odotope theory
Odotope theory, also known as weak shape theory, is a theory of how olfactory receptors bind to odor molecules.
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Paratope
A paratope, also called an antigen-binding site, is a part of an antibody which recognizes and binds to an antigen.
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Phosphorylation
In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group.
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Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals.
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Polyhistidine-tag
A polyhistidine-tag is an amino acid motif in proteins that consists of at least six histidine (His) residues, often at the N- or C-terminus of the protein.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Protein biosynthesis
Protein synthesis is the process whereby biological cells generate new proteins; it is balanced by the loss of cellular proteins via degradation or export.
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Protein microarray
A protein microarray (or protein chip) is a high-throughput method used to track the interactions and activities of proteins, and to determine their function, and determining function on a large scale.
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Protein tag
Protein tags are peptide sequences genetically grafted onto a recombinant protein.
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Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids.
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Proteomics
Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins.
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Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.
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Somatic cell
A somatic cell (from the Greek σῶμα sôma, meaning "body") or vegetal cell is any biological cell forming the body of an organism; that is, in a multicellular organism, any cell other than a gamete, germ cell, gametocyte or undifferentiated stem cell.
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T cell
A T cell, or T lymphocyte, is a type of lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.
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Tumor antigen
Tumor antigen is an antigenic substance produced in tumor cells, i.e., it triggers an immune response in the host.
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Antigenic determinant, Antigenic determinants, Epitopes, Neoantigenic determinant.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitope
