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Stock

Index Stock

The stock (also capital stock) of a corporation is constituted of the equity stock of its owners. [1]

145 relations: Ab Urbe Condita Libri, American Customer Satisfaction Index, American depositary receipt, Arbitrage, Archipelago, Arrangements between railroads, Australia, Balance sheet, Bank, Bazacle Milling Company, Behavioral economics, Black–Scholes model, Board of directors, Boiler room (business), Bond (finance), Brokerage firm, Bucket shop (stock market), Business, Buying in (securities), California, Call option, Capital gains tax, Class A share, Class B share, Collateral (finance), Common stock, Company, Copper, Corporation, Credit union, Debt, Derivative (finance), Discounts and allowances, Diversification (finance), Dividend, Dot-com bubble, Dutch East India Company, East India Company, East Indies, Economic equilibrium, Economic growth, Edward Stringham, Efficient-market hypothesis, Electronic communication network, Electronic trading, Elizabeth I of England, Employee stock option, Equity (finance), Euronext Amsterdam, Europe, ..., Exchange-traded fund, Expected value, Falun Mine, Fiduciary, Financial instrument, Financial risk, France, Freight transport, Fundamental analysis, Funding, Futures contract, Global Industry Classification Standard, Golden share, Greater fool theory, Hemline index, House stock, Hybrid Investment, India, Individual, Initial public offering, Insider trading, Instinet, Investment, Investor relations, Joint-stock company, Lawsuit, Legal person, Liquidation, Livy, Loan, Long (finance), Management, Management entrenchment, Market capitalization, Martin J. Whitman, Middle Ages, Monopoly, Naked short selling, NASDAQ, Netherlands, Nonprofit organization, Option (finance), OTC Bulletin Board, OTC Markets Group, Over-the-counter (finance), Ownership, Par value, Penny stock, Preferred stock, Principal–agent problem, Privately held company, Public float, Pump and dump, Put option, Random walk, Republic of Ireland, Restricted stock, Return on equity, Royal charter, Scripophily, Security (finance), Share (finance), Share price, Shareholder, Short (finance), Single-stock futures, South Africa, Stakeholder (corporate), Standard deviation, Stock and flow, Stock certificate, Stock dilution, Stock exchange, Stock market index, Stock trader, Stock valuation, Stockbroker, Stora Enso, Stub (stock), Suffrage, Superpower, Supply and demand, Sweden, Technical analysis, Toulouse, Tracking stock, Trade finance, Treasury stock, Underlying, United Kingdom, United States, Voluntary association, Volunteering, Voting interest, Working capital. Expand index (95 more) »

Ab Urbe Condita Libri

Livy's History of Rome, sometimes referred to as Ab Urbe Condita, is a monumental history of ancient Rome, written in Latin, between 27 and 9 BC.

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American Customer Satisfaction Index

The American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) is an economic indicator that measures the satisfaction of consumers across the U.S. economy.

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American depositary receipt

An American depositary receipt (ADR, and sometimes spelled depository) is a negotiable security that represents securities of a non-U.S. company that trades in the U.S. financial markets.

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Arbitrage

In economics and finance, arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a price difference between two or more markets: striking a combination of matching deals that capitalize upon the imbalance, the profit being the difference between the market prices.

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Archipelago

An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands, or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands.

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Arrangements between railroads

Railway companies can interact with and control others in many ways.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Balance sheet

In financial accounting, a balance sheet or statement of financial position is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization, whether it be a sole proprietorship, a business partnership, a corporation, private limited company or other organization such as Government or not-for-profit entity.

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Bank

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit.

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Bazacle Milling Company

The Society of Moulins du Bazacle was founded in Toulouse in the 12th century by the citizens of the city, seven centuries before the Industrial Revolution, to share the operation of a series of mills installed on the site of the Bazacle.

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Behavioral economics

Behavioral economics studies the effects of psychological, cognitive, emotional, cultural and social factors on the economic decisions of individuals and institutions and how those decisions vary from those implied by classical theory.

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Black–Scholes model

The Black–Scholes or Black–Scholes–Merton model is a mathematical model for the dynamics of a financial market containing derivative investment instruments.

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Board of directors

A board of directors is a recognized group of people who jointly oversee the activities of an organization, which can be either a for-profit business, nonprofit organization, or a government agency.

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Boiler room (business)

In business, the term boiler room refers to an outbound call center selling questionable investments by telephone.

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Bond (finance)

In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders.

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Brokerage firm

A brokerage firm, or simply brokerage, is a financial institution that facilitates the buying and selling of financial securities between a buyer and a seller.

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Bucket shop (stock market)

As defined by the U.S. Supreme Court, a bucket shop is "an establishment, nominally for the transaction of a stock exchange business, or business of similar character, but really for the registration of bets, or wagers, usually for small amounts, on the rise or fall of the prices of stocks, grain, oil, etc., there being no transfer or delivery of the stock or commodities nominally dealt in." A person who engages in the practice is referred to as a bucketeer and the practice is sometimes referred to as bucketeering.

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Business

Business is the activity of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (goods and services).

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Buying in (securities)

In the securities market, buying in refers to a process by which the buyer of securities, whose seller fails to deliver the securities contracted for, can buy the securities from a third party and demand the difference in price from the original seller.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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Call option

A call option, often simply labeled a "call", is a financial contract between two parties, the buyer and the seller of this type of option.

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Capital gains tax

A capital gains tax (CGT) is a tax on capital gains, the profit realized on the sale of a non-inventory asset that was greater than the amount realized on the sale.

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Class A share

In finance a class A share refers to a classification of common or preferred stock that typically has weakened voting rights or other benefits compared to Class B or Class C shares.

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Class B share

In finance, a Class B share or Class C share is a designation for a "class" of common or preferred stock that typically has strengthened voting rights or other benefits compared to a Class A share that may have been created.

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Collateral (finance)

In lending agreements, collateral is a borrower's pledge of specific property to a lender, to secure repayment of a loan.

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Common stock

Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security.

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Company

A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity made up of an association of people for carrying on a commercial or industrial enterprise.

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Copper

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.

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Corporation

A corporation is a company or group of people or an organisation authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

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Credit union

A credit union is a member-owned financial cooperative, controlled by its members and operated on the principle of people helping people, providing its members credit at competitive rates as well as other financial services.

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Debt

Debt is when something, usually money, is owed by one party, the borrower or debtor, to a second party, the lender or creditor.

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Derivative (finance)

In finance, a derivative is a contract that derives its value from the performance of an underlying entity.

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Discounts and allowances

Discounts and allowances are reductions to a basic price of goods or services.

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Diversification (finance)

In finance, diversification is the process of allocating capital in a way that reduces the exposure to any one particular asset or risk.

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Dividend

A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually as a distribution of profits.

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Dot-com bubble

The dot-com bubble (also known as the dot-com boom, the dot-com crash, the Y2K crash, the Y2K bubble, the tech bubble, the Internet bubble, the dot-com collapse, and the information technology bubble) was a historic economic bubble and period of excessive speculation that occurred roughly from 1997 to 2001, a period of extreme growth in the usage and adaptation of the Internet.

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Dutch East India Company

The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English-speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 from a government-backed consolidation of several rival Dutch trading companies.

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East India Company

The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company, formed to trade with the East Indies (in present-day terms, Maritime Southeast Asia), but ended up trading mainly with Qing China and seizing control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent.

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East Indies

The East Indies or the Indies are the lands of South and Southeast Asia.

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Economic equilibrium

In economics, economic equilibrium is a state where economic forces such as supply and demand are balanced and in the absence of external influences the (equilibrium) values of economic variables will not change.

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Economic growth

Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time.

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Edward Stringham

Edward Peter Stringham (born January 18, 1975) is an Austrian School American economist.

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Efficient-market hypothesis

The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) is a theory in financial economics that states that asset prices fully reflect all available information.

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Electronic communication network

An electronic communication network (ECN) is a type of computerized forum or network that facilitates the trading of financial products outside traditional stock exchanges.

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Electronic trading

Electronic or scripless trading, sometimes called e-trading or paperless trading is a method of trading securities (such as stocks, and bonds), foreign exchange or financial derivatives electronically.

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Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death on 24 March 1603.

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Employee stock option

An employee stock option (ESO) is commonly viewed as a complex call option on the common stock of a company, granted by the company to an employee as part of the employee's remuneration package.

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Equity (finance)

In accounting, equity (or owner's equity) is the difference between the value of the assets and the value of the liabilities of something owned.

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Euronext Amsterdam

Euronext Amsterdam is a stock exchange based in Amsterdam.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Exchange-traded fund

An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is an investment fund traded on stock exchanges, much like stocks.

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Expected value

In probability theory, the expected value of a random variable, intuitively, is the long-run average value of repetitions of the experiment it represents.

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Falun Mine

Falun Mine (Swedish: Falu Gruva) was a mine in Falun, Sweden, that operated for a millennium from the 10th century to 1992.

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Fiduciary

A fiduciary is a person who holds a legal or ethical relationship of trust with one or more other parties (person or group of persons).

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Financial instrument

Financial instruments are monetary contracts between parties.

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Financial risk

Financial risk is any of various types of risk associated with financing, including financial transactions that include company loans in risk of default.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Freight transport

Freight transport is the physical process of transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo.

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Fundamental analysis

Fundamental analysis, in accounting and finance, is the analysis of a business's financial statements (usually to analyze the business's assets, liabilities, and earnings); health; and its competitors and markets.

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Funding

Funding is the act of providing financial resources, usually in the form of money, or other values such as effort or time, to finance a need, program, and project, usually by an organization or company.

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Futures contract

In finance, a futures contract (more colloquially, futures) is a standardized forward contract, a legal agreement to buy or sell something at a predetermined price at a specified time in the future.

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Global Industry Classification Standard

The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) is an industry taxonomy developed in 1999 by MSCI and Standard & Poor's (S&P) for use by the global financial community.

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Golden share

A golden share is a nominal share which is able to outvote all other shares in certain specified circumstances, often held by a government organization, in a government company undergoing the process of privatization and transformation into a stock-company.

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Greater fool theory

The greater fool theory states that the price of an object is determined not by its intrinsic value, but rather by irrational beliefs and expectations of market participants.

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Hemline index

The hemline index is a theory presented by economist George Taylor in 1926.

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House stock

A house stock is a stock that the management of a brokerage firm or boiler room has instructed all its brokers to promote.

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Hybrid Investment

Hybrid investments, also known as derivatives or just hybrids, are a form of investment that combines equity and debt features, allowing companies to protect themselves against financial risks in securities transactions.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Individual

An individual is that which exists as a distinct entity.

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Initial public offering

Initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also retail (individual) investors; an IPO is underwritten by one or more investment banks, who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges.

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Insider trading

Insider trading is the trading of a public company's stock or other securities (such as bonds or stock options) by individuals with access to nonpublic information about the company.

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Instinet

Instinet is an institutional, agency-only broker that also serves as the independent equity trading arm of its parent, Nomura Group.

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Investment

In general, to invest is to allocate money (or sometimes another resource, such as time) in the expectation of some benefit in the future – for example, investment in durable goods, in real estate by the service industry, in factories for manufacturing, in product development, and in research and development.

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Investor relations

Investor relations (IR) is a strategic management responsibility that is capable of integrating finance, communication, marketing and securities law compliance to enable the most effective two-way communication between a company, the financial community, and other constituencies, which ultimately contributes to a company's securities achieving fair valuation.

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Joint-stock company

A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders.

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Lawsuit

A lawsuit (or suit in law) is "a vernacular term for a suit, action, or cause instituted or depending between two private persons in the courts of law." A lawsuit is any proceeding by a party or parties against another in a court of law.

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Legal person

A legal person (in legal contexts often simply person, less ambiguously legal entity) is any human or non-human entity, in other words, any human being, firm, or government agency that is recognized as having privileges and obligations, such as having the ability to enter into contracts, to sue, and to be sued.

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Liquidation

In United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and United States law and business, liquidation is the process by which a company is brought to an end.

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Livy

Titus Livius Patavinus (64 or 59 BCAD 12 or 17) – often rendered as Titus Livy, or simply Livy, in English language sources – was a Roman historian.

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Loan

In finance, a loan is the lending of money by one or more individuals, organizations, and/or other entities to other individuals, organizations etc.

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Long (finance)

In finance, a long position in a financial instrument, means the holder of the position owns a positive amount of the instrument.

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Management

Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body.

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Management entrenchment

Management is a type of labor but with a special role-coordinating the activities of inputs and carrying out the contracts agreed among inputs, all of which can be characterized as "decision making." Managers usually face disciplinary forces by making themselves irreplaceable in a way that the company would lose without them.

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Market capitalization

Market capitalization (market cap) is the market value of a publicly traded company's outstanding shares.

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Martin J. Whitman

Martin J. Whitman (September 30, 1924 September 05, 1993 – April 16, 2018) was an American investment adviser and a strong critic of the direction of recent changes in Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the U.S. He was founder and Co-Chief Investment Officer of Third Avenue Management, and Portfolio Manager of the Third Avenue Value Fund.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Monopoly

A monopoly (from Greek μόνος mónos and πωλεῖν pōleîn) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity.

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Naked short selling

Naked short selling, or naked shorting, is the practice of short-selling a tradable asset of any kind without first borrowing the security or ensuring that the security can be borrowed, as is conventionally done in a short sale.

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NASDAQ

The Nasdaq Stock Market is an American stock exchange.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Nonprofit organization

A non-profit organization (NPO), also known as a non-business entity or non-profit institution, is dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a shared point of view.

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Option (finance)

In finance, an option is a contract which gives the buyer (the owner or holder of the option) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on a specified date, depending on the form of the option.

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OTC Bulletin Board

The OTC (Over-The-Counter) Bulletin Board or OTCBB is a United States quotation medium operated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) for its subscribing members.

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OTC Markets Group

OTC Markets Group, (previously known as "Pink Sheets") is an American financial market providing price and liquidity information for almost 10,000 over-the-counter (OTC) securities.

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Over-the-counter (finance)

Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading is done directly between two parties, without the supervision of an exchange.

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Ownership

Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive rights and control over property, which may be an object, land/real estate or intellectual property.

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Par value

Par value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value.

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Penny stock

Penny stocks, also known as cent stocks in some countries, are common shares of small public companies that trade at low prices per share.

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Preferred stock

Preferred stock (also called preferred shares, preference shares or simply preferreds) is a type of stock which may have any combination of features not possessed by common stock including properties of both an equity and a debt instrument, and is generally considered a hybrid instrument.

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Principal–agent problem

The principal–agent problem, in political science and economics, (also known as agency dilemma or the agency problem) occurs when one person or entity (the "agent") is able to make decisions and/or take actions on behalf of, or that impact, another person or entity: the "principal".

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Privately held company

A privately held company, private company, or close corporation is a business company owned either by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock (shares) to the general public on the stock market exchanges, but rather the company's stock is offered, owned and traded or exchanged privately.

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Public float

Public float or free float represents the portion of shares of a corporation that are in the hands of public investors as opposed to locked-in stock held by promoters, company officers, controlling-interest investors, or government.

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Pump and dump

"Pump and dump" (P&D) is a form of securities fraud that involves artificially inflating the price of an owned stock through false and misleading positive statements, in order to sell the cheaply purchased stock at a higher price.

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Put option

In finance, a put or put option is a stock market device which gives the owner of a put the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset (the underlying), at a specified price (the strike), by a predetermined date (the expiry or maturity) to a given party (the seller of the put).

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Random walk

A random walk is a mathematical object, known as a stochastic or random process, that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps on some mathematical space such as the integers.

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Republic of Ireland

Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland.

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Restricted stock

Restricted stock, also known as letter stock or restricted securities, is stock of a company that is not fully transferable (from the stock-issuing company to the person receiving the stock award) until certain conditions (restrictions) have been met.

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Return on equity

In corporate finance, the return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to the book value of shareholder equity, also known as net assets or assets minus liabilities.

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Royal charter

A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.

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Scripophily

Scripophily is the study and collection of stock and bond certificates.

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Security (finance)

A security is a tradable financial asset.

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Share (finance)

In financial markets, a share is a unit used as mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts.

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Share price

A share price is the price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company, derivative or other financial asset.

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Shareholder

A shareholder or stockholder is an individual or institution (including a corporation) that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a public or private corporation.

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Short (finance)

In finance, a short sale (also known as a short, shorting, or going short) is the sale of an asset (securities or other financial instrument) that the seller does not own.

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Single-stock futures

In finance, a single-stock future (SSF) is a type of futures contract between two parties to exchange a specified number of stocks in a company for a price agreed today (the futures price or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date, the delivery date.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Stakeholder (corporate)

In a corporation, as defined in its first usage in a 1963 internal memorandum at the Stanford Research Institute, a stakeholder is a member of the "groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist".

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Standard deviation

In statistics, the standard deviation (SD, also represented by the Greek letter sigma σ or the Latin letter s) is a measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values.

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Stock and flow

Economics, business, accounting, and related fields often distinguish between quantities that are stocks and those that are flows.

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Stock certificate

In corporate law, a stock certificate (also known as certificate of stock or share certificate) is a legal document that certifies ownership of a specific number of shares or stock in a corporation.

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Stock dilution

Stock dilution, also known as equity dilution, is the decrease in existing shareholders’ ownership of a company as a result of the company issuing new equity.

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Stock exchange

A stock exchange, securities exchange or bourse, is a facility where stock brokers and traders can buy and sell securities, such as shares of stock and bonds and other financial instruments.

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Stock market index

A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of a section of the stock market.

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Stock trader

A stock trader or equity trader or share trader is a person or company involved in trading equity securities.

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Stock valuation

In financial markets, stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks.

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Stockbroker

A stockbroker is a regulated professional individual, usually associated with a brokerage firm or broker-dealer, who buys and sells stocks and other securities for both retail and institutional clients through a stock exchange or over the counter in return for a fee or commission.

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Stora Enso

Stora Enso Oyj (Stora and Enso) is a pulp and paper manufacturer headquartered in Helsinki, Finland, with significant operations in four continents.

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Stub (stock)

A stub is the stock representing the remaining equity in a corporation left over after a major cash or security distribution from a buyout, a spin-out, a demerger or some other form of restructuring removes most of the company's operations from the parent corporation.

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Suffrage

Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).

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Superpower

Superpower is a term used to describe a state with a dominant position, which is characterised by its extensive ability to exert influence or project power on a global scale.

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Supply and demand

In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Technical analysis

In finance, technical analysis is an analysis methodology for forecasting the direction of prices through the study of past market data, primarily price and volume.

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Toulouse

Toulouse (Tolosa, Tolosa) is the capital of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the region of Occitanie.

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Tracking stock

Tracking stock or targeted stock are specialized equity offerings issued by a company that is based on the operations of a wholly owned subsidiary of a diversified firm.

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Trade finance

Trade finance signifies financing for trade, and it concerns both domestic and international trade transactions.

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Treasury stock

A treasury stock or reacquired stock is stock which is also bought back by the issuing company, reducing the amount of outstanding stock on the open market ("open market" including insiders' holdings).

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Underlying

In finance, the underlying of a derivative is an asset, basket of assets, index, or even another derivative, such that the cash flows of the (former) derivative depend on the value of this underlying.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Voluntary association

A voluntary group or union (also sometimes called a voluntary organization, common-interest association,Prins HEL et al. (2010).. Cengage Learning. association, or society) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose.

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Volunteering

Volunteering is generally considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain "to benefit another person, group or organization".

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Voting interest

Voting interest (or voting power) in business and accounting means the total number, or percent, of votes entitled to be cast on the issue at the time the determination of voting power is made, excluding a vote which is contingent upon the happening of a condition or event which has not occurred at the time.

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Working capital

Working capital (abbreviated WC) is a financial metric which represents operating liquidity available to a business, organisation or other entity, including governmental entities.

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Capital stock, Cash equity, Company stock, Corporate stocks, Equities, Equity securities, Equity security, Stock (finance), Stocks and Shares, Stocks and shares.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock

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