Table of Contents
242 relations: Adipose tissue, Adolescence, Adolf Butenandt, Adrenal cortex, Adrenal gland, Adult, Agonist, Alcohol (chemistry), Amenorrhea, Androstenedione, Animal, Animal sexual behaviour, Anovulation, Antioxidant, Apoptosis, Aromatase, Aromaticity, Artery, Atrophy, Bast fibre, Bile duct, Binding selectivity, Bioconjugation, Biological life cycle, Biosynthesis, Blood vessel, Body shape, Bone, Bone density, Bone fracture, Brain, Breast, Breast development, Capillary, Catechol estrogen, Cell (biology), Chemical reaction, Chemical structure, Chemical synthesis, Childbirth, Cholestasis, Cholesterol, Coagulation, Collagen, Coronary arteries, Crustacean, CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, ... Expand index (192 more) »
- GPER agonists
- Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis
- Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis
- Hormones of the pregnant female
- Prolactin releasers
- Sex hormones
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue (also known as body fat or simply fat) is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes.
See Estradiol and Adipose tissue
Adolescence
Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood (typically corresponding to the age of majority).
Adolf Butenandt
Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt (24 March 1903 – 18 January 1995) was a German biochemist.
See Estradiol and Adolf Butenandt
Adrenal cortex
The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland.
See Estradiol and Adrenal cortex
Adrenal gland
The adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol.
See Estradiol and Adrenal gland
Adult
An adult is a human or other animal that has reached full growth.
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response.
Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group bound to carbon.
See Estradiol and Alcohol (chemistry)
Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea or amenorrhoea is the absence of a menstrual period in a female who has reached reproductive age.
Androstenedione
Androstenedione, or 4-androstenedione (abbreviated as A4 or Δ4-dione), also known as androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Estradiol and Androstenedione are estrogens.
See Estradiol and Androstenedione
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia.
Animal sexual behaviour
Animal sexual behaviour takes many different forms, including within the same species.
See Estradiol and Animal sexual behaviour
Anovulation
Anovulation is when the ovaries do not release an oocyte during a menstrual cycle.
Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals. Estradiol and Antioxidant are Antioxidants.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from falling off) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast.
Aromatase
Aromatase, also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase, is an enzyme responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of estrogens.
Aromaticity
In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected by the stabilization of conjugation alone.
Artery
An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.
Atrophy
Atrophy is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body.
Bast fibre
Bast fibre (also called phloem fibre or skin fibre) is plant fibre collected from the phloem (the "inner bark", sometimes called "skin") or bast surrounding the stem of certain dicotyledonous plants.
Bile duct
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates.
Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex.
See Estradiol and Binding selectivity
Bioconjugation
Bioconjugation is a chemical strategy to form a stable covalent link between two molecules, at least one of which is a biomolecule.
See Estradiol and Bioconjugation
Biological life cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of stages of the life of an organism, that begins as a zygote, often in an egg, and concludes as an adult that reproduces, producing an offspring in the form of a new zygote which then itself goes through the same series of stages, the process repeating in a cyclic fashion.
See Estradiol and Biological life cycle
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occuring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex products.
See Estradiol and Biosynthesis
Blood vessel
Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body.
See Estradiol and Blood vessel
Body shape
Human body shape is a complex phenomenon with sophisticated detail and function.
Bone
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals.
Bone density
Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.
See Estradiol and Bone density
Bone fracture
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, Fx, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body.
See Estradiol and Bone fracture
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
Breast
The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates.
Breast development
Breast development, also known as mammogenesis, is a complex biological process in primates that takes place throughout a female's life.
See Estradiol and Breast development
Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system.
Catechol estrogen
A catechol estrogen is a steroidal estrogen that contains catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) within its structure. Estradiol and catechol estrogen are Estranes and estrogens.
See Estradiol and Catechol estrogen
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.
See Estradiol and Cell (biology)
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
See Estradiol and Chemical reaction
Chemical structure
A chemical structure of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of its atoms and their chemical bonds.
See Estradiol and Chemical structure
Chemical synthesis
Chemical synthesis (chemical combination) is the artificial execution of chemical reactions to obtain one or several products.
See Estradiol and Chemical synthesis
Childbirth
Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section.
Cholestasis
Cholestasis is a condition where the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is impaired.
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
Coagulation
Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot.
Collagen
Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular matrix of a body's various connective tissues.
Coronary arteries
The coronary arteries are the arterial blood vessels of coronary circulation, which transport oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
See Estradiol and Coronary arteries
Crustacean
Crustaceans are a group of arthropods that are a part of the subphylum Crustacea, a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthropods including decapods (shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish), seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, opossum shrimps, amphipods and mantis shrimp.
CYP1A2
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (abbreviated CYP1A2), a member of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system, is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the human body.
CYP2C19
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviated CYP2C19) is an enzyme protein.
CYP2C8
Cytochrome P4502C8 (CYP2C8) is a member of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the body.
CYP2C9
Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 (abbreviated CYP2C9) is an enzyme protein.
CYP3A4
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) is an important enzyme in the body, mainly found in the liver and in the intestine, which in humans is encoded by CYP3A4 gene.
Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases.
See Estradiol and Cytochrome P450
Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
DNA replication
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
See Estradiol and DNA replication
Double bond
In chemistry, a double bond is a covalent bond between two atoms involving four bonding electrons as opposed to two in a single bond.
Edgar Allen
Edgar Allen (May 2, 1892 – February 3, 1943) was an American anatomist and physiologist.
Edward Adelbert Doisy
Edward Adelbert Doisy (November 13, 1893 – October 23, 1986) was an American biochemist.
See Estradiol and Edward Adelbert Doisy
Elasticity (physics)
In physics and materials science, elasticity is the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed.
See Estradiol and Elasticity (physics)
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a disease in which cells like those in the endometrium, the layer of tissue that normally covers the inside of the uterus, grow outside the uterus.
See Estradiol and Endometriosis
Endometrium
The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus.
Enterohepatic circulation
Enterohepatic circulation is the circulation of biliary acids, bilirubin, drugs or other substances from the liver to the bile, followed by entry into the small intestine, absorption by the enterocyte and transport back to the liver.
See Estradiol and Enterohepatic circulation
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
Epidermis
The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis.
Epiphyseal plate
The epiphyseal plate, epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.
See Estradiol and Epiphyseal plate
Epiphysis
An epiphysis (epiphyses) is one of the rounded ends or tips of a long bone that ossify from a secondary center of ossification.
ER-X
ER-X is a membrane-associated receptor that is bound and activated by 17α-estradiol and 17β-estradiol and is a putative membrane estrogen receptor (mER).
ERx
ERx is a putative membrane estrogen receptor (mER) of which little is currently known.
Ester
In chemistry, an ester is a functional group derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group of that acid is replaced by an organyl group.
Estetrol
Estetrol (E4), or oestetrol, is one of the four natural estrogenic steroid hormones found in humans, along with estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). Estradiol and Estetrol are animal reproductive system, Estranes, estrogens, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, hormones of the pregnant female, human female endocrine system, Phenols and sex hormones.
Estradiol (medication)
Estradiol (E2) is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone. Estradiol and Estradiol (medication) are Antigonadotropins, Antioxidants, Estranes, estrogens, GPER agonists, Hepatotoxins, Phenols and Prolactin releasers.
See Estradiol and Estradiol (medication)
Estradiol glucuronide
Estradiol glucuronide, or estradiol 17β-D-glucuronide, is a conjugated metabolite of estradiol. Estradiol and estradiol glucuronide are Estranes, estrogens and Hepatotoxins.
See Estradiol and Estradiol glucuronide
Estradiol palmitate
Estradiol palmitate (brand name Esmopal), or estradiol monopalmitate, also known as estradiol 17β-hexadecanoate, is a naturally occurring steroidal estrogen and an estrogen ester – specifically, the C17β palmitate ester of estradiol.
See Estradiol and Estradiol palmitate
Estradiol stearate
Estradiol stearate (E2-17-St), also known as estradiol octadecanoate and sold under the brand name Depofollan, is a naturally occurring estrogen and an estrogen ester – specifically, the C17β stearate ester of estradiol.
See Estradiol and Estradiol stearate
Estradiol sulfate
Estradiol sulfate (E2S), or 17β-estradiol 3-sulfate, is a natural, endogenous steroid and an estrogen ester.
See Estradiol and Estradiol sulfate
Estrane
Estrane is a C18 steroid derivative, with a gonane core. Estradiol and Estrane are Estranes.
Estriol
Estriol (E3), also spelled oestriol, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. Estradiol and Estriol are Estranes, estrogens, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, hormones of the pregnant female, Phenols and sex hormones.
Estrogen
Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Estradiol and Estrogen are Antigonadotropins, Estranes, estrogens, Hepatotoxins, hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, hormones of the pregnant female, human female endocrine system, Phenols, Prolactin releasers and sex hormones.
Estrogen (medication)
An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. Estradiol and estrogen (medication) are Antigonadotropins, estrogens, Hepatotoxins and Prolactin releasers.
See Estradiol and Estrogen (medication)
Estrogen conjugate
An estrogen conjugate is a conjugate of an endogenous estrogen. Estradiol and estrogen conjugate are Estranes and estrogens.
See Estradiol and Estrogen conjugate
Estrogen receptor
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are a group of proteins found inside cells. Estradiol and Estrogen receptor are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Estrogen receptor
Estrogen receptor alpha
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as NR3A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor (mainly found as a chromatin-binding protein) that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.
See Estradiol and Estrogen receptor alpha
Estrogen receptor beta
Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) also known as NR3A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 2) is one of two main types of estrogen receptor—a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.
See Estradiol and Estrogen receptor beta
Estrone
Estrone (E1), also spelled oestrone, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. Estradiol and Estrone are Estranes, estrogens, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, hormones of the pregnant female, Phenols and sex hormones.
Estrous cycle
The estrous cycle (originally) is a set of recurring physiological changes induced by reproductive hormones in females of mammalian subclass Theria.
See Estradiol and Estrous cycle
Eukaryote
The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Eunuch
A eunuch is a male who has been castrated.
Excretion
Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.
Fat
In nutrition, biology, and chemistry, fat usually means any ester of fatty acids, or a mixture of such compounds, most commonly those that occur in living beings or in food.
Feces
Feces (or faeces;: faex) are the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine.
Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop.
Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.
Feminizing hormone therapy
Feminizing hormone therapy, also known as transfeminine hormone therapy, is hormone therapy and sex reassignment therapy to change the secondary sex characteristics of transgender people from masculine or androgynous to feminine.
See Estradiol and Feminizing hormone therapy
Fibroblast
A fibroblast is a type of biological cell typically with a spindle shape that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, produces the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues, and plays a critical role in wound healing.
Fish
A fish (fish or fishes) is an aquatic, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fins and a hard skull, but lacking limbs with digits.
Follicular phase
The follicular phase, also known as the preovulatory phase or proliferative phase, is the phase of the estrous cycle (or, in primates for example, the menstrual cycle) during which follicles in the ovary mature from primary follicle to a fully mature graafian follicle. Estradiol and follicular phase are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Follicular phase
Functional group
In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions.
See Estradiol and Functional group
Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
See Estradiol and Gastrointestinal tract
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.
See Estradiol and Gene expression
Genetic disorder
A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.
See Estradiol and Genetic disorder
Genomics
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.
Germ cell
A germ cell is any cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually.
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.
Glucuronidation
Glucuronidation is often involved in drug metabolism of substances such as drugs, pollutants, bilirubin, androgens, estrogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, fatty acid derivatives, retinoids, and bile acids.
See Estradiol and Glucuronidation
Glucuronide
A glucuronide, also known as glucuronoside, is any substance produced by linking glucuronic acid to another substance via a glycosidic bond.
Gonad
A gonad, sex gland, or reproductive gland is a mixed gland that produces the gametes and sex hormones of an organism.
Gonadotropin
Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates. Estradiol and gonadotropin are animal reproductive system, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and sex hormones.
See Estradiol and Gonadotropin
GPER
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPER gene.
Gq-mER
The Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor (Gq-mER) is a G protein-coupled receptor present in the hypothalamus that has not yet been cloned.
Granulosa cell
A granulosa cell or follicular cell is a somatic cell of the sex cord that is closely associated with the developing female gamete (called an oocyte or egg) in the ovary of mammals. Estradiol and granulosa cell are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Granulosa cell
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
See Estradiol and Greek language
Ground substance
Ground substance is an amorphous gel-like substance in the extracellular space of animals that contains all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) except for fibrous materials such as collagen and elastin.
See Estradiol and Ground substance
Growth hormone
Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.
See Estradiol and Growth hormone
Gynoid fat distribution
Gynoid fat is the body fat that forms around the lower body, specifically the hips, thighs and buttocks.
See Estradiol and Gynoid fat distribution
Hemodynamics
Hemodynamics or haemodynamics are the dynamics of blood flow.
See Estradiol and Hemodynamics
Hormone
A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. Estradiol and hormone are human female endocrine system.
Hormone replacement therapy
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), also known as menopausal hormone therapy or postmenopausal hormone therapy, is a form of hormone therapy used to treat symptoms associated with female menopause.
See Estradiol and Hormone replacement therapy
Human height
Human height or stature is the distance from the bottom of the feet to the top of the head in a human body, standing erect.
See Estradiol and Human height
Human serum albumin
Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood.
See Estradiol and Human serum albumin
Human skin
The human skin is the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the integumentary system.
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds.
Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom.
See Estradiol and Hydroxy group
Hydroxylation
In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to.
See Estradiol and Hydroxylation
Implantation (embryology)
Implantation, also known as nidation, is the stage in the mammalian embryonic development in which the blastocyst hatches, attaches, adheres, and invades into the endometrium of the female's uterus.
See Estradiol and Implantation (embryology)
In vitro
In vitro (meaning in glass, or in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.
Insect
Insects (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy.
See Estradiol and Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle.
See Estradiol and Intramuscular injection
Intravaginal administration
Intravaginal administration is a route of administration where the substance is applied inside the vagina.
See Estradiol and Intravaginal administration
Intravenous therapy
Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.
See Estradiol and Intravenous therapy
JAMA
JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published 48 times a year by the American Medical Association.
Keratinocyte
Keratinocytes are the primary type of cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.
See Estradiol and Keratinocyte
Kidney
In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.
Klinefelter syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome (KS), also known as 47,XXY, is a chromosome anomaly where a male has an extra X chromosome.
See Estradiol and Klinefelter syndrome
League of Nations
The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.
See Estradiol and League of Nations
Leiomyoma
A leiomyoma, also known as a fibroid, is a benign smooth muscle tumor that very rarely becomes cancer (0.1%).
Leydig cell
Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of the testes and interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). Estradiol and Leydig cell are animal reproductive system.
Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.
See Estradiol and Ligand (biochemistry)
Lipoidal estradiol
Lipoidal estradiol (LE2) is the variety of endogenous C17β long-chain fatty acid esters of estradiol which are formed as metabolites of estradiol. Estradiol and Lipoidal estradiol are Estranes and estrogens.
See Estradiol and Lipoidal estradiol
Lipoprotein
A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat) molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids.
List of estrogen esters
This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. Estradiol and list of estrogen esters are estrogens.
See Estradiol and List of estrogen esters
Liver
The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.
London
London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.
Luteal phase
The menstrual cycle is on average 28 days in length. Estradiol and Luteal phase are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Luteal phase
Luteinizing hormone
Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as luteinising hormone, lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Estradiol and Luteinizing hormone are hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and sex hormones.
See Estradiol and Luteinizing hormone
Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
Mammary gland
A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring. Estradiol and mammary gland are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Mammary gland
Medical laboratory
A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where tests are conducted out on clinical specimens to obtain information about the health of a patient to aid in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
See Estradiol and Medical laboratory
Medication
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
Membrane estrogen receptor
Membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) are a group of receptors which bind estrogen. Estradiol and Membrane estrogen receptor are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Membrane estrogen receptor
Menopause
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of reproduction. Estradiol and Menopause are human female endocrine system.
Menstrual cycle
The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. Estradiol and menstrual cycle are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Menstrual cycle
Metabolic pathway
In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell.
See Estradiol and Metabolic pathway
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
Metabolite
In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.
Morphology (biology)
Morphology in biology is the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.
See Estradiol and Morphology (biology)
Myometrium
The myometrium is the middle layer of the uterine wall, consisting mainly of uterine smooth muscle cells (also called uterine myocytes) but also of supporting stromal and vascular tissue.
Nasal administration
Nasal administration, popularly known as snorting, is a route of administration in which drugs are insufflated through the nose.
See Estradiol and Nasal administration
Neuroprotection
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function.
See Estradiol and Neuroprotection
Nuclear receptor
In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins responsible for sensing steroids, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and certain other molecules.
See Estradiol and Nuclear receptor
Nucleic acid sequence
A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases within the nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule.
See Estradiol and Nucleic acid sequence
Oocyte
An oocyte, oöcyte, or ovocyte is a female gametocyte or germ cell involved in reproduction.
Oophorectomy
Oophorectomy (from Greek ᾠοφόρος,, 'egg-bearing' and ἐκτομή,, 'a cutting out of'), historically also called ovariotomy, is the surgical removal of an ovary or ovaries.
See Estradiol and Oophorectomy
Oral administration
| name.
See Estradiol and Oral administration
Oral contraceptive pill
Oral contraceptives, abbreviated OCPs, also known as birth control pills, are medications taken by mouth for the purpose of birth control.
See Estradiol and Oral contraceptive pill
Osteopenia
Osteopenia, known as "low bone mass" or "low bone density", is a condition in which bone mineral density is low.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to more porous bone, and consequent increase in fracture risk.
See Estradiol and Osteoporosis
Ovarian follicle
An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries.
See Estradiol and Ovarian follicle
Ovary
The ovary is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova.
Ovulation
Ovulation is the release of eggs from the ovaries. Estradiol and Ovulation are human female endocrine system.
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. Estradiol and Oxytocin are hormones of the pregnant female and human female endocrine system.
Oxytocin receptor
The oxytocin receptor, also known as OXTR, is a protein which functions as receptor for the hormone and neurotransmitter oxytocin.
See Estradiol and Oxytocin receptor
Perseus Digital Library
The Perseus Digital Library, formerly known as the Perseus Project, is a free-access digital library founded by Gregory Crane in 1987 and hosted by the Department of Classical Studies of Tufts University.
See Estradiol and Perseus Digital Library
Pig
The pig (Sus domesticus), also called swine (swine) or hog, is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal.
Placenta
The placenta (placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation. Estradiol and placenta are human female endocrine system.
Preadolescence
Preadolescence is a stage of human development following middle childhood and preceding adolescence.
See Estradiol and Preadolescence
Precocious puberty
In medicine, precocious puberty is puberty occurring at an unusually early age. Estradiol and precocious puberty are human female endocrine system.
See Estradiol and Precocious puberty
Prediction interval
In statistical inference, specifically predictive inference, a prediction interval is an estimate of an interval in which a future observation will fall, with a certain probability, given what has already been observed.
See Estradiol and Prediction interval
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb). Estradiol and Pregnancy are human female endocrine system.
Prenatal development
Prenatal development involves the development of the embryo and of the fetus during a viviparous animal's gestation.
See Estradiol and Prenatal development
Progesterone
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. Estradiol and Progesterone are Hepatotoxins, hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, hormones of the pregnant female, human female endocrine system, Prolactin releasers and sex hormones.
See Estradiol and Progesterone
Progesterone receptor
The progesterone receptor (PR), also known as NR3C3 or nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 3, is a protein found inside cells.
See Estradiol and Progesterone receptor
Prohormone
A prohormone is a committed precursor of a hormone consisting of peptide hormones synthesized together that has a minimal hormonal effect by itself because of its expression-suppressing structure, often created by protein folding and binding additional peptide chains to certain ends, that makes hormone receptor binding sites located on its peptide hormone chain segments inaccessible.
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Puberty
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. Estradiol and Puberty are animal reproductive system and human female endocrine system.
Radioactive tracer
A radioactive tracer, radiotracer, or radioactive label is a synthetic derivative of a natural compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radionuclide (a radioactive atom).
See Estradiol and Radioactive tracer
Reaction intermediate
In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction.
See Estradiol and Reaction intermediate
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems.
See Estradiol and Receptor (biochemistry)
Redox
Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.
Reference ranges for blood tests
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples.
See Estradiol and Reference ranges for blood tests
Response element
Response elements are short sequences of DNA within a gene promoter or enhancer region that are able to bind specific transcription factors and regulate transcription of genes.
See Estradiol and Response element
Ring (chemistry)
In chemistry, a ring is an ambiguous term referring either to a simple cycle of atoms and bonds in a molecule or to a connected set of atoms and bonds in which every atom and bond is a member of a cycle (also called a ring system).
See Estradiol and Ring (chemistry)
Scientist
A scientist is a person who researches to advance knowledge in an area of the natural sciences.
Sebaceous gland
A sebaceous gland or oil gland is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin of mammals.
See Estradiol and Sebaceous gland
Secondary sex characteristic
A secondary sex characteristic is a physical characteristic of an organism that is related to or derived from its sex, but not directly part of its reproductive system.
See Estradiol and Secondary sex characteristic
Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland.
Semen
Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is a bodily fluid that contains spermatozoa.
Semen analysis
A semen analysis (plural: semen analyses), also called seminogram or spermiogram, evaluates certain characteristics of a male's semen and the sperm contained therein.
See Estradiol and Semen analysis
Semisynthesis
Semisynthesis, or partial chemical synthesis, is a type of chemical synthesis that uses chemical compounds isolated from natural sources (such as microbial cell cultures or plant material) as the starting materials to produce novel compounds with distinct chemical and medicinal properties.
See Estradiol and Semisynthesis
Sertoli cell
Sertoli cells are a type of sustentacular "nurse" cell found in human testes which contribute to the process of spermatogenesis (the production of sperm) as a structural component of the seminiferous tubules.
See Estradiol and Sertoli cell
Sex chromosome
Sex chromosomes (also referred to as allosomes, heterotypical chromosome, gonosomes, heterochromosomes, or idiochromosomes) are chromosomes that carry the genes that determine the sex of an individual.
See Estradiol and Sex chromosome
Sex hormone
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids, gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. Estradiol and sex hormone are animal reproductive system, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and sex hormones.
Sex organ
A sex organ, also known as a reproductive organ, is a part of an organism that is involved in sexual reproduction.
Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.
See Estradiol and Sexual dimorphism
Sexual maturity
Sexual maturity is the capability of an organism to reproduce.
See Estradiol and Sexual maturity
Sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete (haploid reproductive cells, such as a sperm or egg cell) with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (diploid).
See Estradiol and Sexual reproduction
Side chain
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called the "main chain" or backbone.
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition.
See Estradiol and Signs and symptoms
Skin
Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation.
Species
A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.
Sperm
Sperm (sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).
Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.
Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone.
See Estradiol and Steroid hormone
Steroid hormone receptor
Steroid hormone receptors are found in the nucleus, cytosol, and also on the plasma membrane of target cells.
See Estradiol and Steroid hormone receptor
Subcutaneous administration
Subcutaneous administration is the insertion of medications beneath the skin either by injection or infusion.
See Estradiol and Subcutaneous administration
Subdermal implant
A subdermal implant is a body modification placed under the skin, allowing the body to heal over the implant and creating a raised design.
See Estradiol and Subdermal implant
Sublingual administration
Sublingual (abbreviated SL), from the Latin for "under the tongue", refers to the pharmacological route of administration by which substances diffuse into the blood through tissues under the tongue.
See Estradiol and Sublingual administration
Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula.
Sulfation
Sulfation is the chemical reaction that entails the addition of SO3 group.
Testicle
A testicle or testis (testes) is the male gonad in all bilaterians, including humans.
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. Estradiol and Testosterone are estrogens, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and sex hormones.
See Estradiol and Testosterone
Tissue (biology)
In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.
See Estradiol and Tissue (biology)
Tissue hydration
Tissue hydration is the process of absorbing and retaining water in biological tissues.
See Estradiol and Tissue hydration
Topical medication
A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body.
See Estradiol and Topical medication
Total synthesis
Total synthesis is the complete chemical synthesis of a complex molecule, often a natural product, from simple, commercially-available precursors.
See Estradiol and Total synthesis
Trans woman
A trans woman (short for transgender woman) is a woman who was assigned male at birth.
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
See Estradiol and Transcription (biology)
Transdermal
Transdermal is a route of administration wherein active ingredients are delivered across the skin for systemic distribution.
Ultimatum game
The ultimatum game is a game that has become a popular instrument of economic experiments.
See Estradiol and Ultimatum game
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
See Estradiol and United States
Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.
Uterus
The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.
Vagina
In mammals and other animals, the vagina (vaginas or vaginae) is the elastic, muscular reproductive organ of the female genital tract.
Vaginal bleeding
Vaginal bleeding is any expulsion of blood from the vagina.
See Estradiol and Vaginal bleeding
Venous thrombosis
Venous thrombosis is the blockage of a vein caused by a thrombus (blood clot).
See Estradiol and Venous thrombosis
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Vulva
In mammals, the vulva (vulvas or vulvae) consists of the external female genitalia.
Wrinkle
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric.
Xeroderma
Xeroderma, xerosis or xerosis cutis, or simply dry skin, is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin.
17α-Estradiol
17α-Estradiol (also known as 17α-E2, 17-epiestradiol, alfatradiol, or estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17α-diol) is a minor and weak endogenous steroidal estrogen that is related to 17β-estradiol (better known simply as estradiol). Estradiol and 17α-Estradiol are Estranes, estrogens, hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, secondary alcohols and sex hormones.
See Estradiol and 17α-Estradiol
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSD, HSD17B), also 17-ketosteroid reductases (17-KSR), are a group of alcohol oxidoreductases which catalyze the reduction of 17-ketosteroids and the dehydrogenation of 17β-hydroxysteroids in steroidogenesis and steroid metabolism.
See Estradiol and 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
2-Hydroxyestradiol
2-Hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-2,3,17β-triol, is an endogenous steroid, catechol estrogen, and metabolite of estradiol, as well as a positional isomer of estriol. Estradiol and 2-Hydroxyestradiol are Estranes and estrogens.
See Estradiol and 2-Hydroxyestradiol
See also
GPER agonists
- 2-Methoxyestradiol
- Afimoxifene
- Aldosterone
- Atrazine
- Bisphenol A
- Chlordecone
- DDT
- Daidzein
- Diarylpropionitrile
- Equol
- Estradiol
- Estradiol (medication)
- Ethinylestradiol
- Fulvestrant
- Genistein
- Hydroxytyrosol
- Niacin
- Nicotinamide
- Nonylphenol
- Oleuropein
- Propylpyrazoletriol
- Quercetin
- Raloxifene
- Resveratrol
- Tamoxifen
- Tectoridin
Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis
- Dopamine
- Estradiol
- Estrogen
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis
- Progesterone
- Progestogen
- Prolactin
- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis
- 15α-Hydroxyestradiol
- 17α-Epiestriol
- 17α-Estradiol
- Androgen
- Dehydroandrosterone
- Dehydroepiandrosterone
- Dihydrotestosterone
- Epiestriol
- Equine chorionic gonadotropin
- Estetrol
- Estradiol
- Estriol
- Estriol 3-glucuronide
- Estriol glucuronide
- Estrogen
- Estrone
- Follicle-stimulating hormone
- Gonadotropin
- Gonadotropin preparations
- Gonadotropin release inhibitor
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Luteinizing hormone
- Neuropeptide VF precursor
- Progesterone
- Progestogen
- Sex hormone
- Sex hormones
- Testosterone
Hormones of the pregnant female
- 15α-Hydroxyestradiol
- Estetrol
- Estradiol
- Estriol
- Estriol 3-glucuronide
- Estriol glucuronide
- Estrogen
- Estrone
- Growth hormone 2
- Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Human placental lactogen
- Oxytocin
- Placental lactogen
- Pregnancy hormones
- Progesterone
- Progestogen
- Prolactin
- Relaxin
- Relaxin family peptide hormones
- Uterine serpin
Prolactin releasers
- Chlorpromazine
- Conjugated estrogens
- Cyproterone acetate
- Deudomperidone
- Domperidone
- Estradiol
- Estradiol (medication)
- Estrogen
- Estrogen (medication)
- Ethinylestradiol
- Haloperidol
- Haloperidol decanoate
- Metoclopramide
- Paliperidone
- Progesterone
- Progesterone (medication)
- Progestogen
- Risperidone
- Sulpiride
- Trazpiroben
Sex hormones
- 11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
- 11-Ketodihydrotestosterone
- 11-Ketotestosterone
- 17α-Epiestriol
- 17α-Estradiol
- Adrenosterone
- Androgen
- Antiandrogen
- Antiandrogens
- Antiestrogens
- Antiprogestogens
- Dehydroandrosterone
- Dehydroepiandrosterone
- Dihydrotestosterone
- Epiestriol
- Estetrol
- Estradiol
- Estriol
- Estriol 3-glucuronide
- Estriol glucuronide
- Estrogen
- Estrogen dominance
- Estrogens
- Estrone
- Follicle-stimulating hormone
- Gonadotropin
- Gonadotropin release inhibitor
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- Hormonal contraception
- Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Luteinizing hormone
- Neuropeptide VF precursor
- Nonsteroidal antiandrogen
- Nonsteroidal estrogen
- Prenatal hormones and sexual orientation
- Prenatal testosterone transfer
- Progesterone
- Progestogen
- Progestogens
- Sex hormone
- Sex-hormonal agent
- Steroidal antiandrogen
- Testosterone
- YES and YAS assay
References
Also known as 17 beta estradiol, 17-beta estradiol, 17-beta-estradiol, 17beta-estradiol, 17beta-oestradiol, 17β-Estradiol, Beta-estradiol, Dihydrofolliculin, Dihydrofolliculine, Dihydrotheelin, Dihydroxyestrin, E2 classical pathway, Estradial, Estradiol, free, Estradiol-17beta, Estratriendiol, Estratrienediol, Estrodial, Estrodiol, Free estradiol, Free oestradiol, Oestradiol, Oestradiol, free, Oestradiol-17beta, Oestridol.
, CYP3A4, Cytochrome P450, Cytoplasm, DNA repair, DNA replication, Double bond, Edgar Allen, Edward Adelbert Doisy, Elasticity (physics), Endometriosis, Endometrium, Enterohepatic circulation, Enzyme, Epidermis, Epiphyseal plate, Epiphysis, ER-X, ERx, Ester, Estetrol, Estradiol (medication), Estradiol glucuronide, Estradiol palmitate, Estradiol stearate, Estradiol sulfate, Estrane, Estriol, Estrogen, Estrogen (medication), Estrogen conjugate, Estrogen receptor, Estrogen receptor alpha, Estrogen receptor beta, Estrone, Estrous cycle, Eukaryote, Eunuch, Excretion, Fat, Feces, Feedback, Female, Feminizing hormone therapy, Fibroblast, Fish, Follicular phase, Functional group, Gastrointestinal tract, Gene expression, Genetic disorder, Genomics, Germ cell, Germany, Glucuronidation, Glucuronide, Gonad, Gonadotropin, GPER, Gq-mER, Granulosa cell, Greek language, Ground substance, Growth hormone, Gynoid fat distribution, Hemodynamics, Hormone, Hormone replacement therapy, Human height, Human serum albumin, Human skin, Hydrolysis, Hydroxy group, Hydroxylation, Implantation (embryology), In vitro, Insect, Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, Intramuscular injection, Intravaginal administration, Intravenous therapy, JAMA, Keratinocyte, Kidney, Klinefelter syndrome, League of Nations, Leiomyoma, Leydig cell, Ligand (biochemistry), Lipoidal estradiol, Lipoprotein, List of estrogen esters, Liver, London, Luteal phase, Luteinizing hormone, Mammal, Mammary gland, Medical laboratory, Medication, Membrane estrogen receptor, Menopause, Menstrual cycle, Metabolic pathway, Metabolism, Metabolite, Morphology (biology), Myometrium, Nasal administration, Neuroprotection, Nuclear receptor, Nucleic acid sequence, Oocyte, Oophorectomy, Oral administration, Oral contraceptive pill, Osteopenia, Osteoporosis, Ovarian follicle, Ovary, Ovulation, Oxytocin, Oxytocin receptor, Perseus Digital Library, Pig, Placenta, Preadolescence, Precocious puberty, Prediction interval, Pregnancy, Prenatal development, Progesterone, Progesterone receptor, Prohormone, Protein, Puberty, Radioactive tracer, Reaction intermediate, Receptor (biochemistry), Redox, Reference ranges for blood tests, Response element, Ring (chemistry), Scientist, Sebaceous gland, Secondary sex characteristic, Secretion, Semen, Semen analysis, Semisynthesis, Sertoli cell, Sex chromosome, Sex hormone, Sex organ, Sexual dimorphism, Sexual maturity, Sexual reproduction, Side chain, Signs and symptoms, Skin, Species, Sperm, Steroid, Steroid hormone, Steroid hormone receptor, Subcutaneous administration, Subdermal implant, Sublingual administration, Sulfate, Sulfation, Testicle, Testosterone, Tissue (biology), Tissue hydration, Topical medication, Total synthesis, Trans woman, Transcription (biology), Transdermal, Ultimatum game, United States, Urine, Uterus, Vagina, Vaginal bleeding, Venous thrombosis, Vertebrate, Vulva, Wrinkle, Xeroderma, 17α-Estradiol, 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 2-Hydroxyestradiol.