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European Convention on Human Rights

Index European Convention on Human Rights

The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR; formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international convention to protect human rights and political freedoms in Europe. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 146 relations: Abu Qatada al-Filistini, Allies of World War II, Appeal, Assanidze v. Georgia, Azerbaijan, Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgian Linguistic Case (No. 2), Bill of Rights 1689, Bowman v United Kingdom, British National (Overseas), British nationality law, Bulgaria, Buscarini and Others v San Marino, Capital punishment, Capital punishment in Europe, Catch-22 (logic), Chahal v United Kingdom, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Civil liberties, Claim of Right 1689, Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, Communist Party of Germany, Communist Party of Germany v. the Federal Republic of Germany, Congress of Europe, Conscription, Council of Europe, Council of the European Union, Czech Republic, David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Denmark, Derogation, Discrimination, Double jeopardy, Europe, European Commission of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003, European Council, European Court of Human Rights, European Movement International, European Social Charter, Evans v United Kingdom, Eweida v United Kingdom, Extradition, Five techniques, Forced labour, François Mitterrand, France, Freedom of assembly, Freedom of education, ... Expand index (96 more) »

  2. 1950 in Italy
  3. 1950s in Rome
  4. Anti–death penalty treaties
  5. Treaties concluded in 1950
  6. Treaties entered into force in 1953

Abu Qatada al-Filistini

Omar Mahmoud Othman (translit; born 30 December 1960), better known as Abu Qatada al-Filistini (translit), is a Salafi cleric and Jordanian national.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Abu Qatada al-Filistini

Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Allies of World War II

Appeal

In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Appeal

Assanidze v. Georgia

Assanidze v. Georgia is a decision of the European Court of Human Rights concerning the illegal incarceration of a Georgia national by the Ajarian authorities in violation of the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Assanidze v. Georgia

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and West Asia.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Azerbaijan

Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany

The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany

Belgian Linguistic Case (No. 2)

The Belgian Linguistic case (No. 2) (1968) is a formative case on the right to education and the right to freedom from discrimination under the European Convention of Human Rights, Protocol 1, art 2.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Belgian Linguistic Case (No. 2)

Bill of Rights 1689

The Bill of Rights 1689 (sometimes known as the Bill of Rights 1688) is an Act of the Parliament of England that set out certain basic civil rights and clarified who would be next to inherit the Crown.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Bill of Rights 1689

Bowman v United Kingdom

Bowman v United Kingdom is a case in the European Court of Human Rights, concerning the legitimate limits on campaign finance spending.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Bowman v United Kingdom

British National (Overseas)

British National (Overseas), abbreviated BN(O), is a class of British nationality associated with the former colony of Hong Kong.

See European Convention on Human Rights and British National (Overseas)

British nationality law

The primary law governing nationality in the United Kingdom is the British Nationality Act 1981, which came into force on 1 January 1983.

See European Convention on Human Rights and British nationality law

Bulgaria

Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the 16th largest country in Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Bulgaria

Buscarini and Others v San Marino

Buscarini and Others v. San Marino (application No. 24645/94) was a case decided by the European Court of Human Rights in 1999.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Buscarini and Others v San Marino

Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Capital punishment

Capital punishment in Europe

Capital punishment has been completely abolished in all European countries except for Belarus and Russia, the latter of which has a moratorium and has not carried out an execution since September 1996.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Capital punishment in Europe

Catch-22 (logic)

A catch-22 is a paradoxical situation from which an individual cannot escape because of contradictory rules or limitations.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Catch-22 (logic)

Chahal v United Kingdom

Chahal v United Kingdom (23 EHRR 413) was a 1996 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights which applied Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, prohibiting the deportation of Sikh separatist Mr Chahal to India because of the risk of violations of Article 3, in the form of torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Chahal v United Kingdom

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR) enshrines certain political, social, and economic rights for European Union (EU) citizens and residents into EU law. European Convention on Human Rights and Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union are human rights instruments.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

Civil liberties

Civil liberties are guarantees and freedoms that governments commit not to abridge, either by constitution, legislation, or judicial interpretation, without due process.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Civil liberties

Claim of Right 1689

The Claim of Right (c. 28) is an Act passed by the Convention of the Estates, a sister body to the Parliament of Scotland (or Three Estates), in April 1689.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Claim of Right 1689

Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe

The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (French: Comité des ministres du Conseil de l'Europe) or Committee of Ministers (French: Comité des ministres) is the Council of Europe's decision-making body.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe

Communist Party of Germany

The Communist Party of Germany (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands,, KPD) was a major far-left political party in the Weimar Republic during the interwar period, an underground resistance movement in Nazi Germany, and a minor party in West Germany during the postwar period until it was banned by the Federal Constitutional Court in 1956.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Communist Party of Germany

Communist Party of Germany v. the Federal Republic of Germany

Communist Party of Germany v. the Federal Republic of Germany was a 1957 European Commission of Human Rights decision which upheld the dissolution of the Communist Party of Germany by the Federal Constitutional Court a year earlier.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Communist Party of Germany v. the Federal Republic of Germany

Congress of Europe

The Hague Congress or the Congress of Europe was a conference that was held in The Hague from 7–11 May 1948 with 750 delegates participating from around Europe as well as observers from Canada and the United States of America.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Congress of Europe

Conscription

Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Conscription

Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe, CdE) is an international organisation with the goal of upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Council of Europe

Council of the European Union

The Council of the European Union, often referred to in the treaties and other official documents simply as the Council, and informally known as the Council of Ministers, is the third of the seven Institutions of the European Union (EU) as listed in the Treaty on European Union.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Council of the European Union

Czech Republic

The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Czech Republic

David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir

David Patrick Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir, (29 May 1900 – 27 January 1967), known as Sir David Maxwell Fyfe from 1942 to 1954 and as Viscount Kilmuir from 1954 to 1962, was a British Conservative politician, lawyer and judge who combined an industrious and precocious legal career with political ambitions that took him to the offices of Solicitor General, Attorney General, Home Secretary and Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.

See European Convention on Human Rights and David Maxwell Fyfe, 1st Earl of Kilmuir

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du citoyen de 1789), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. European Convention on Human Rights and Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen are human rights instruments.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Denmark

Denmark (Danmark) is a Nordic country in the south-central portion of Northern Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Denmark

Derogation

Derogation is a legal term of art, which allows for part or all of a provision in a legal measure to be applied differently, or not at all, in certain cases.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Derogation

Discrimination

Discrimination is the process of making unfair or prejudicial distinctions between people based on the groups, classes, or other categories to which they belong or are perceived to belong, such as race, gender, age, religion, physical attractiveness or sexual orientation.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Discrimination

Double jeopardy

In jurisprudence, double jeopardy is a procedural defence (primarily in common law jurisdictions) that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges following an acquittal or conviction and in rare cases prosecutorial and/or judge misconduct in the same jurisdiction.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Double jeopardy

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Europe

European Commission of Human Rights

The European Commission of Human Rights was a special body of the Council of Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Commission of Human Rights

European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003

The European Convention of Human Rights Act 2003 is an act of the Irish parliament, the Oireachtas, which gave further effect to the European Convention on Human Rights in Irish law.

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003

European Council

The European Council (informally EUCO) is a collegiate body (directorial system) that defines the overall political direction and priorities of the European Union.

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Council

European Court of Human Rights

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), also known as the Strasbourg Court, is an international court of the Council of Europe which interprets the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Court of Human Rights

European Movement International

The European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it.

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Movement International

European Social Charter

The European Social Charter is a Council of Europe treaty which was opened for signature on 18 October 1961 and initially became effective on 26 February 1965, after West Germany had become the fifth of the 13 signing nations to ratify it. European Convention on Human Rights and European Social Charter are council of Europe treaties, human rights instruments, treaties of Austria, treaties of Belgium, treaties of Croatia, treaties of Cyprus, treaties of Finland, treaties of France, treaties of Greece, treaties of Hungary, treaties of Ireland, treaties of Italy, treaties of Latvia, treaties of Luxembourg, treaties of Malta, treaties of North Macedonia, treaties of Norway, treaties of Poland, treaties of Portugal, treaties of Slovakia, treaties of Spain, treaties of Sweden, treaties of Turkey, treaties of West Germany, treaties of the Czech Republic, treaties of the Netherlands and treaties of the United Kingdom.

See European Convention on Human Rights and European Social Charter

Evans v United Kingdom

Evans v. the United Kingdom was a key case at the European Court of Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Evans v United Kingdom

Eweida v United Kingdom

Eweida v United Kingdom is a UK labour law decision of the European Court of Human Rights, concerning the duty of the government of the United Kingdom to protect the religious rights of individuals under the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Eweida v United Kingdom

Extradition

In an extradition, one jurisdiction delivers a person accused or convicted of committing a crime in another jurisdiction, into the custody of the other's law enforcement.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Extradition

Five techniques

The five techniques, also known as deep interrogation, are a group of interrogation methods developed by the United Kingdom during the 20th century and are currently regarded as a form of torture.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Five techniques

Forced labour

Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Forced labour

François Mitterrand

François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest holder of that position in the history of France.

See European Convention on Human Rights and François Mitterrand

France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and France

Freedom of assembly

Freedom of peaceful assembly, sometimes used interchangeably with the freedom of association, is the individual right or ability of people to come together and collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend their collective or shared ideas.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of assembly

Freedom of education

Freedom of education is the right for parents to have their children educated in accordance with their religious and other views, allowing groups to be able to educate children without being impeded by the nation state.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of education

Freedom of movement

Freedom of movement, mobility rights, or the right to travel is a human rights concept encompassing the right of individuals to travel from place to place within the territory of a country,Jérémiee Gilbert, Nomadic Peoples and Human Rights (2014), p. 73: "Freedom of movement within a country encompasses both the right to travel freely within the territory of the State and the right to relocate oneself and to choose one's place of residence".

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of movement

Freedom of religion

Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of religion

Freedom of speech

Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of speech

Freedom of thought

Freedom of thought is the freedom of an individual to hold or consider a fact, viewpoint, or thought, independent of others' viewpoints.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Freedom of thought

French language

French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

See European Convention on Human Rights and French language

Giovanni Bonello

Giovanni Bonello (born 11 June 1936 in Floriana) is a Maltese judge, judge of the European Court of Human Rights from 1998 until 2004, then extended till 2010.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Giovanni Bonello

Goodwin v United Kingdom

Christine Goodwin v. United Kingdom is a case decided by the European Court of Human Rights on 11 July 2002.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Goodwin v United Kingdom

Government of Ireland

The Constitution of Ireland vests executive authority in the Government of Ireland (Rialtas na hÉireann), which is headed by the italic, the head of government.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Government of Ireland

Greece

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Greece

Greek case

In September 1967, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands brought the Greek case to the European Commission of Human Rights, alleging violations of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) by the Greek junta, which had taken power earlier that year.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Greek case

Guido Raimondi

Guido Raimondi (born 22 October 1953) is an Italian judge born in Naples and former judge and President of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).

See European Convention on Human Rights and Guido Raimondi

Hearing (law)

In law, a hearing is the formal examination of a case (civil or criminal) before a judge.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Hearing (law)

Hooding

Hooding is the placing of a hood over the entire head of a prisoner.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Hooding

Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Human rights

Human Rights Act 1998

The Human Rights Act 1998 (c. 42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received royal assent on 9 November 1998, and came into force on 2 October 2000.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Human Rights Act 1998

Human rights in Europe

Human rights in Europe are generally upheld.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Human rights in Europe

International Institute of Human Rights

The International Institute of Human Rights (French: Institut international des droits de l'homme, IIDH) is an association under French local law based in Strasbourg, France.

See European Convention on Human Rights and International Institute of Human Rights

International law

International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards that states and other actors feel an obligation to obey in their mutual relations and generally do obey.

See European Convention on Human Rights and International law

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Italy

Kokkinakis v. Greece

Kokkinakis v. Greece (application No. 14307/88) is a landmark case of the European Court of Human Rights, decided in 1993 and concerning compatibility of certain sanctions for proselytism with Articles 7 and 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Kokkinakis v. Greece

Konrad Adenauer

Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1963.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Konrad Adenauer

Lautsi v. Italy

Lautsi v. Italy was a case brought before the European Court of Human Rights, which, on 18 March 2011, ruled that the requirement in Italian law that crucifixes be displayed in classrooms of schools does not violate the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Lautsi v. Italy

Leela Förderkreis E.V. and Others v. Germany

Leela Förderkreis e.V. and Others v. Germany (application No. 58911/00) was a case decided by the European Court of Human Rights in 2008.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Leela Förderkreis E.V. and Others v. Germany

In law, a legal person is any person or 'thing' (less ambiguously, any legal entity) that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, and so on.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Legal person

A legal remedy, also referred to as judicial relief or a judicial remedy, is the means with which a court of law, usually in the exercise of civil law jurisdiction, enforces a right, imposes a penalty, or makes another court order to impose its will in order to compensate for the harm of a wrongful act inflicted upon an individual.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Legal remedy

Leyla Şahin v Turkey

Leyla Şahin v. Turkey was a 2004 European Court of Human Rights case brought against Turkey by a medical student challenging a Turkish law which bans wearing the Islamic headscarf at universities and other educational and state institutions.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Leyla Şahin v Turkey

Liberty

Liberty is the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Liberty

Lingens v. Austria

Lingens v Austria (1986) 8 EHRR 407 was a 1986 European Court of Human Rights case that placed restrictions on libel laws because of the freedom of expression provisions of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Lingens v. Austria

Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Lithuania

Loizidou v. Turkey

Loizidou v. Turkey is a landmark legal case regarding the rights of refugees wishing to return to their former homes and properties.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Loizidou v. Turkey

Malone v United Kingdom

Malone v United Kingdom is a UK constitutional law case, concerning the rule of law.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Malone v United Kingdom

Margin of appreciation

The margin of appreciation (or margin of state discretion) is a legal doctrine with a wide scope in international human rights law.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Margin of appreciation

Marriage

Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Marriage

Marriageable age

Marriageable age, marriage age, or the age of marriage is the general age, a legal age or the minimum age marriage.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Marriageable age

Matthews v United Kingdom

Matthews v United Kingdom is a human rights case (18 February 1999) on the right to vote, under the European Convention on Human Rights.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Matthews v United Kingdom

McCann and Others v United Kingdom

McCann and Others v United Kingdom 21 ECHR 97 GC is a legal case tried in 1995 before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) regarding a purported breach of Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) by the United Kingdom.

See European Convention on Human Rights and McCann and Others v United Kingdom

McLibel case

, known as "the McLibel case", was an English lawsuit for libel filed by McDonald's Corporation against environmental activists Helen Steel and David Morris (often referred to as "The McLibel Two") over a factsheet critical of the company.

See European Convention on Human Rights and McLibel case

Member states of the Council of Europe

The Council of Europe was founded on 5 May 1949 by ten western and northern European states, with Greece joining three months later, and Iceland, Turkey and West Germany joining the next year.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Member states of the Council of Europe

Monaco

Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, on the Mediterranean Sea.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Monaco

Necessary in a democratic society

"Necessary in a democratic society" is a test found in Articles 8–11 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which provides that the state may impose restrictions of these rights only if such restrictions are "necessary in a democratic society" and proportional to the legitimate aims enumerated in each article.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Necessary in a democratic society

Nulla poena sine lege

Nulla poena sine lege (Latin for "no penalty without law", Anglicized pronunciation) is a legal formula which, in its narrow interpretation, states that one can only be punished for doing something if a penalty for this behavior is fixed in criminal law.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Nulla poena sine lege

Nuremberg trials

The Nuremberg trials were held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries across Europe and atrocities against their citizens in World War II.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Nuremberg trials

Oliari and Others v. Italy

Oliari and Others v. Italy (Application nos. 18766/11 and 36030/11) is a case decided in 2015 by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in which the Court established a positive obligation upon member states to provide legal recognition for same-sex couples.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Oliari and Others v. Italy

Operation Demetrius

Operation Demetrius was a British Army operation in Northern Ireland on 9–10 August 1971, during the Troubles.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Operation Demetrius

Othman (Abu Qatada) v United Kingdom

Othman (Abu Qatada) v. United Kingdom was a 2012 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights which stated that under Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights the United Kingdom could not lawfully deport Abu Qatada to Jordan, because of the risk of the use of evidence obtained by torture.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Othman (Abu Qatada) v United Kingdom

Permanent residency

Permanent residency is a person's legal resident status in a country or territory of which such person is not a citizen but where they have the right to reside on a permanent basis.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Permanent residency

Pierre-Henri Teitgen

Pierre-Henri Teitgen (29 May 1908 – 6 April 1997) was a French lawyer, professor and politician.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Pierre-Henri Teitgen

Poland

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Poland

Political freedom

Political freedom (also known as political autonomy or political agency) is a central concept in history and political thought and one of the most important features of democratic societies.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Political freedom

Positive obligations

Positive obligations in human rights law denote a State's obligation to engage in an activity to secure the effective enjoyment of a fundamental right, as opposed to the classical negative obligation to merely abstain from human rights violations.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Positive obligations

Presumption of innocence

The presumption of innocence is a legal principle that every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Presumption of innocence

Right to a fair trial

A fair trial is a trial which is "conducted fairly, justly, and with procedural regularity by an impartial judge".

See European Convention on Human Rights and Right to a fair trial

Right to an effective remedy

The right to an effective remedy is the right of a person whose human rights have been violated to legal remedy.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Right to an effective remedy

Right to privacy

The right to privacy is an element of various legal traditions that intends to restrain governmental and private actions that threaten the privacy of individuals.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Right to privacy

Right to property

The right to property, or the right to own property (cf. ownership), is often classified as a human right for natural persons regarding their possessions.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Right to property

Rishi Sunak

Rishi Sunak (born 12 May 1980) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2022 to 2024.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Rishi Sunak

S.A.S. v. France

S.A.S. v. France was a case brought for the European Court of Human Rights which ruled that the French ban on face covering did not violate European Convention on Human Rights's (ECHR) provisions on right to privacy or freedom of religion, nor other invoked provisions.

See European Convention on Human Rights and S.A.S. v. France

Same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is the marriage of two people of the same legal sex.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Same-sex marriage

Schalk and Kopf v Austria

Schalk and Kopf v Austria (Application no. 30141/04) is a case decided in 2010 by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in which it was clarified that the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) does not oblige member states to legislate for or legally recognize same-sex marriages.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Schalk and Kopf v Austria

Secrecy of correspondence

The secrecy of correspondence (Briefgeheimnis, secret de la correspondance) or literally translated as secrecy of letters, is a fundamental legal principle enshrined in the constitutions of several European countries.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Secrecy of correspondence

Secretary General of the Council of Europe

The Secretary General of the Council of Europe (Secrétaire général du Conseil de l'Europe) is elected by the Parliamentary Assembly from a shortlist proposed by the Committee of Ministers for a term of five years.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Secretary General of the Council of Europe

Sejdić and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sejdić and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina (27996/06 and 34836/06) was a case (merged from two) decided by the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights in December 2009, in the first judgment finding a violation of Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights taken in conjunction with Article 3 of Protocol No.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Sejdić and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sensory overload

Sensory overload occurs when one or more of the body's senses experiences over-stimulation from the environment.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Sensory overload

September 11 attacks

The September 11 attacks, commonly known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks carried out by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001.

See European Convention on Human Rights and September 11 attacks

Slavery

Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Slavery

Sleep deprivation

Sleep deprivation, also known as sleep insufficiency or sleeplessness, is the condition of not having adequate duration and/or quality of sleep to support decent alertness, performance, and health.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Sleep deprivation

Soering v United Kingdom

Soering v United Kingdom 161 Eur.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Soering v United Kingdom

Spouse

A spouse is a significant other in a marriage.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Spouse

Spycatcher

Spycatcher: The Candid Autobiography of a Senior Intelligence Officer (1987) is a memoir written by Peter Wright, former MI5 officer and Assistant Director, and co-author Paul Greengrass.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Spycatcher

Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Stalinism

Starvation

Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Starvation

State of emergency

A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens.

See European Convention on Human Rights and State of emergency

Strappado

The strappado, also known as corda, is a form of torture in which the victim's hands are tied behind their back and the victim is suspended by a rope attached to the wrists, typically resulting in dislocated shoulders.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Strappado

Strasbourg Observers

Strasbourg Observers is an academic blog published in English, which focuses on recent developments relating to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR).

See European Convention on Human Rights and Strasbourg Observers

Stress position

A stress position, also known as a submission position, places the human body in such a way that a great amount of weight is placed on very few muscles.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Stress position

Sweden

Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Sweden

Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Switzerland

Territorial scope of European Convention on Human Rights

This table illustrates the extent to which the substantive provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights and its Protocols are ratified (and therefore in force) for territories under the control of the members of the Council of Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Territorial scope of European Convention on Human Rights

The Hague

The Hague is the capital city of the South Holland province of the Netherlands.

See European Convention on Human Rights and The Hague

Torture

Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, intimidating third parties, or entertainment.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Torture

Trade union

A trade union (British English) or labor union (American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain or improve the conditions of their employment, such as attaining better wages and benefits, improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting and increasing the bargaining power of workers.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Trade union

Transsexual

A transsexual person is someone who experiences a gender identity that is inconsistent with their assigned sex, and desires to permanently transition to the sex or gender with which they identify, usually seeking medical assistance (including gender affirming therapies, such as hormone replacement therapy and gender affirming surgery) to help them align their body with their identified sex or gender.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Transsexual

Treaty

A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement concluded by sovereign states in international law.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Treaty

Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Turkey

TV Vest and Rogaland Pensioners Party v. Norway

TV Vest and Rogaland Pensioners Party v. Norway is a case argued before the European Court of Human Rights during late 2008.

See European Convention on Human Rights and TV Vest and Rogaland Pensioners Party v. Norway

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

See European Convention on Human Rights and United Kingdom

United Kingdom constitutional law

The United Kingdom constitutional law concerns the governance of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

See European Convention on Human Rights and United Kingdom constitutional law

United States Bill of Rights

The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.

See European Convention on Human Rights and United States Bill of Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings. European Convention on Human Rights and Universal Declaration of Human Rights are human rights instruments.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Universelles Leben e.V. v. Germany

Universelles Leben e.V. v. Germany (application No. 29745/96) was a case decided by the European Commission of Human Rights in 1996.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Universelles Leben e.V. v. Germany

University of Richmond School of Law

The University of Richmond School of Law (abbreviated as Richmond Law) is the law school of the University of Richmond, a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Virginia.

See European Convention on Human Rights and University of Richmond School of Law

Vavřička and Others v. the Czech Republic

Vavřička and Others v. the Czech Republic, applications 47621/13, 3867/14, 73094/14, 19306/15, 19298/15, and 43883/15 (ECtHR April 8, 2021), is a 2021 case decided by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), holding that the nation of the Czech Republic did not violate the European Convention on Human Rights by imposing a vaccination mandate on children in that country.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Vavřička and Others v. the Czech Republic

Vogt v. Germany

Vogt v. Germany (1996) 21 EHRR 205, (17851/91) was a case decided by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in 1995.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Vogt v. Germany

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and 1951 to 1955.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Winston Churchill

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See European Convention on Human Rights and World War II

Zakharov v. Russia

Zakharov v. Russia was a 2015 court case before the European Court of Human Rights involving Roman Zakharov and the Russian Federation.

See European Convention on Human Rights and Zakharov v. Russia

See also

1950 in Italy

1950s in Rome

Anti–death penalty treaties

Treaties concluded in 1950

Treaties entered into force in 1953

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights

Also known as A1P1, Article 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 16 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Article 17 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, ECHR 1950, ECHR article 14, ECHR article 15, European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, European Convention of Human Rights, European Convention on Human Rights 1950, European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, European Union Charter of Human Rights, European convention on fundamental human rights, HUDOC, Human Rights Convention, Protocol 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Protocol 4 to the European Convention on Human Rights, Protocol Six of the European Convention on Human Rights, The 13th Protocol, The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, The European Convention on Human Rights.

, Freedom of movement, Freedom of religion, Freedom of speech, Freedom of thought, French language, Giovanni Bonello, Goodwin v United Kingdom, Government of Ireland, Greece, Greek case, Guido Raimondi, Hearing (law), Hooding, Human rights, Human Rights Act 1998, Human rights in Europe, International Institute of Human Rights, International law, Italy, Kokkinakis v. Greece, Konrad Adenauer, Lautsi v. Italy, Leela Förderkreis E.V. and Others v. Germany, Legal person, Legal remedy, Leyla Şahin v Turkey, Liberty, Lingens v. Austria, Lithuania, Loizidou v. Turkey, Malone v United Kingdom, Margin of appreciation, Marriage, Marriageable age, Matthews v United Kingdom, McCann and Others v United Kingdom, McLibel case, Member states of the Council of Europe, Monaco, Necessary in a democratic society, Nulla poena sine lege, Nuremberg trials, Oliari and Others v. Italy, Operation Demetrius, Othman (Abu Qatada) v United Kingdom, Permanent residency, Pierre-Henri Teitgen, Poland, Political freedom, Positive obligations, Presumption of innocence, Right to a fair trial, Right to an effective remedy, Right to privacy, Right to property, Rishi Sunak, S.A.S. v. France, Same-sex marriage, Schalk and Kopf v Austria, Secrecy of correspondence, Secretary General of the Council of Europe, Sejdić and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sensory overload, September 11 attacks, Slavery, Sleep deprivation, Soering v United Kingdom, Spouse, Spycatcher, Stalinism, Starvation, State of emergency, Strappado, Strasbourg Observers, Stress position, Sweden, Switzerland, Territorial scope of European Convention on Human Rights, The Hague, Torture, Trade union, Transsexual, Treaty, Turkey, TV Vest and Rogaland Pensioners Party v. Norway, United Kingdom, United Kingdom constitutional law, United States Bill of Rights, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Universelles Leben e.V. v. Germany, University of Richmond School of Law, Vavřička and Others v. the Czech Republic, Vogt v. Germany, Winston Churchill, World War II, Zakharov v. Russia.