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102 relations: Actinomycetales, Algae, Alloenzyme, Amphiprioninae, Anatomy, Animal, Ascomycota, Basic Books, Basidiomycota, Benjamin Cummings, Brown algae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Cancer, Cell (biology), Cell division, Cell nucleus, Cell type, Cellular differentiation, Chlorella, Chloroplast, Choanoflagellate, Chytridiomycota, Ciliate, Cnidaria, Coenocyte, Colony (biology), Competition (biology), Convergent evolution, Cryptococcus, Cyanobacteria, Cytokinesis, Deltaproteobacteria, Demosponge, Dictyostelium, Diffusion, Divergent evolution, Doushantuo Formation, Drosophila, Egg cell, Embryo, Embryogenesis, Embryology, Embryophyte, Endomembrane system, Endosymbiont, Ernst Haeckel, Eudorina, Eukaryote, Evolutionary developmental biology, Francevillian biota, ..., Fungus, Gabon, Gall, Genome, Germ cell, Green algae, Grex (biology), Grypania, Guanylate kinase, Heteractis magnifica, Hypothesis, Integrative Biology, Lichen, Macronucleus, Methanosarcina, Micronucleus, Microsporidia, Mitochondrion, Mitosis, Mosby (imprint), Mycetozoa, Myxobacteria, Myxozoa, Nature (journal), Organism, Organogenesis, Paleoproterozoic, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, Phylogenetics, Plant, Porphyridium cruentum, Prokaryote, Protist, Red algae, Saccharomycotina, Satellite DNA, Slime mold, Somatic cell, Somatic embryogenesis, Sperm, Symbiosis, Syncytium, The New York Times, Ulvophyceae, Unicellular organism, Urmetazoan, Viridiplantae, Volvocaceae, Volvox, Weismann barrier, Wild type, Yeast. Expand index (52 more) »
Actinomycetales
The Actinomycetales are an order of Actinobacteria.
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Algae
Algae (singular alga) is an informal term for a large, diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that are not necessarily closely related, and is thus polyphyletic.
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Alloenzyme
Alloenzymes (or also called allozymes) are variant forms of an enzyme which differs structurally but not functionally from other allozymes coded for by different alleles at the same locus.
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Amphiprioninae
Clownfish or anemonefish are fishes from the subfamily Amphiprioninae in the family Pomacentridae.
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Anatomy
Anatomy (Greek anatomē, “dissection”) is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, form the subkingdom Dikarya.
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Basic Books
Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1952 and located in New York, now an imprint of Hachette Books.
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Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi.
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Benjamin Cummings
Benjamin Cummings specializes in science and is a publishing imprint of Pearson Education, the world's largest education publishing and technology company, which is part of Pearson PLC, the global publisher and former owner of Penguin Books and the Financial Times.
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Brown algae
The brown algae (singular: alga), comprising the class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, including many seaweeds located in colder waters within the Northern Hemisphere.
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Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living (not parasitic), transparent nematode (roundworm), about 1 mm in length, that lives in temperate soil environments.
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Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Cell division
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
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Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
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Cell type
A cell type is a classification used to distinguish between morphologically or phenotypically distinct cell forms within a species.
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Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation is the process where a cell changes from one cell type to another.
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Chlorella
Chlorella is a genus of single-celled green algae belonging to the division Chlorophyta.
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Chloroplast
Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.
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Choanoflagellate
The choanoflagellates are a group of free-living unicellular and colonial flagellate eukaryotes considered to be the closest living relatives of the animals.
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Chytridiomycota
Chytridiomycota is a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids.
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Ciliate
The ciliates are a group of protozoans characterized by the presence of hair-like organelles called cilia, which are identical in structure to eukaryotic flagella, but are in general shorter and present in much larger numbers, with a different undulating pattern than flagella.
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Cnidaria
Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic (freshwater and marine) environments: they are predominantly marine species.
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Coenocyte
A coenocyte (from Greek: κοινός (koinós).
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Colony (biology)
In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another.
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Competition (biology)
Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed.
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Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
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Cryptococcus
Cryptococcus (Greek for "hidden sphere") is a genus of fungi, which grow in culture as yeasts.
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Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria, also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, and are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes able to produce oxygen.
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Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells.
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Deltaproteobacteria
The Deltaproteobacteria are a class of Proteobacteria.
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Demosponge
Demospongiae is the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera.
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Dictyostelium
Dictyostelium is a genus of single- and multi-celled eukaryotic, phagotrophic bacterivores.
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Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration (or high chemical potential) to a region of low concentration (or low chemical potential) as a result of random motion of the molecules or atoms.
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Divergent evolution
Divergent evolution is the accumulation of differences between groups, leading to the formation of new species.
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Doushantuo Formation
The Doushantuo Formation is a fossil Lagerstätte in Weng'an County, Guizhou Province, China that is notable for being one of the oldest beds to contain minutely preserved microfossils, phosphatic fossils that are so characteristic they have given their name to "Doushantuo type preservation".
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Drosophila
Drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
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Egg cell
The egg cell, or ovum (plural ova), is the female reproductive cell (gamete) in oogamous organisms.
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Embryo
An embryo is an early stage of development of a multicellular diploid eukaryotic organism.
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Embryogenesis
Embryogenesis is the process by which the embryo forms and develops.
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Embryology
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, "the unborn, embryo"; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses.
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Embryophyte
The Embryophyta are the most familiar group of green plants that form vegetation on earth.
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Endomembrane system
The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell.
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Endosymbiont
An endosymbiont or endobiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism in a symbiotic relationship with the host body or cell, often but not always to mutual benefit.
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Ernst Haeckel
Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (16 February 1834 – 9 August 1919) was a German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, marine biologist, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the influential but no longer widely held recapitulation theory ("ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.
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Eudorina
Eudorina is a paraphyletic genus in the volovocine green algae clade.
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Evolutionary developmental biology
Evolutionary developmental biology (informally, evo-devo) is a field of biological research that compares the developmental processes of different organisms to infer the ancestral relationships between them and how developmental processes evolved.
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Francevillian biota
The Francevillian biota (also known as Gabon macrofossils or Gabonionta) is a group of 2.1-billion-year-old Palaeoproterozoic, macroscopic organisms known from fossils found in Gabon in the Palaeoproterozoic Francevillian B Formation, a black shale province.
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Fungus
A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
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Gabon
Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic (République gabonaise), is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa.
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Gall
Galls or cecidia are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants or animals.
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Genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is the genetic material of an organism.
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Germ cell
A germ cell is any biological cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually.
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Green algae
The green algae (singular: green alga) are a large, informal grouping of algae consisting of the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/Streptophyta, which are now placed in separate divisions, as well as the more basal Mesostigmatophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae and Spirotaenia.
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Grex (biology)
A grex, (also called a pseudoplasmodium, or slug) starts as a crowd of single-celled amoebae of the groups Acrasiomycota or Dictyosteliida; grex is the Latin word for flock.
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Grypania
Grypania is an early, tube-shaped fossil from the Proterozoic eon.
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Guanylate kinase
In enzymology, a guanylate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and GMP, whereas its two products are ADP and GDP.
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Heteractis magnifica
Heteractis magnifica, also known by the common names magnificent sea anemone or Ritteri anemone, is a species of sea anemone belonging to the Stichodactylidae family native to the Indo-Pacific area.
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Hypothesis
A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
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Integrative Biology
Integrative Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the interface between biology and the fields of physics, chemistry, engineering, imaging, and informatics.
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Lichen
A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi in a symbiotic relationship.
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Macronucleus
A macronucleus (formerly also meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates.
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Methanosarcina
Methanosarcina is a genus of euryarchaeote archaea that produce methane.
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Micronucleus
Micronucleus is the name given to the small nucleus that forms whenever a chromosome or a fragment of a chromosome is not incorporated into one of the daughter nuclei during cell division.
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Microsporidia
Microsporidia are a group of spore-forming unicellular parasites.
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Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
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Mitosis
In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.
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Mosby (imprint)
Mosby is an academic publisher of textbooks and academic journals based in the United States.
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Mycetozoa
Mycetozoa is a grouping of slime molds.
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Myxobacteria
The myxobacteria ("slime bacteria") are a group of bacteria that predominantly live in the soil and feed on insoluble organic substances.
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Myxozoa
Myxozoa (etymology: Greek: μύξα myxa "slime" or "mucus" + thematic vowel o + ζῷον zoon "animals") is a class of aquatic, obligately parasitic cnidarian animals.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.
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Organism
In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.
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Organogenesis
In animal development, organogenesis is the phase of embryonic development that starts at the end of gastrulation and goes until birth.
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Paleoproterozoic
Paleoproterozoic Era, spanning the time period from (2.5–1.6 Ga), is the first of the three sub-divisions (eras) of the Proterozoic Eon.
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society.
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Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.
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Plant
Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.
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Porphyridium cruentum
Porphyridium cruentum is a species of red alga in the family Porphyridiophyceae.
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Prokaryote
A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.
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Protist
A protist is any eukaryotic organism that has cells with nuclei and is not an animal, plant or fungus.
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Red algae
The red algae, or Rhodophyta, are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae.
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Saccharomycotina
Saccharomycotina is a subdivision (subphylum) of the division (phylum) Ascomycota in the Kingdom Fungi.
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Satellite DNA
Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA.
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Slime mold
Slime mold or slime mould is an informal name given to several kinds of unrelated eukaryotic organisms that can live freely as single cells, but can aggregate together to form multicellular reproductive structures.
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Somatic cell
A somatic cell (from the Greek σῶμα sôma, meaning "body") or vegetal cell is any biological cell forming the body of an organism; that is, in a multicellular organism, any cell other than a gamete, germ cell, gametocyte or undifferentiated stem cell.
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Somatic embryogenesis
Somatic embryogenesis is an artificial process in which a plant or embryo is derived from a single somatic cell or group of somatic cells.
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Sperm
Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").
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Symbiosis
Symbiosis (from Greek συμβίωσις "living together", from σύν "together" and βίωσις "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
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Syncytium
A syncytium or symplasm (plural syncytia; from Greek: σύν (syn).
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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Ulvophyceae
The Ulvophyceae or ulvophytes are a class of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology, life cycle and molecular phylogenetic data.
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Unicellular organism
A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of only one cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of more than one cell.
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Urmetazoan
The Urmetazoan is the name for the hypothetical last common ancestor of all animals.
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Viridiplantae
Viridiplantae (literally "green plants") are a clade of eukaryotic organisms made up of the green algae, which are primarily aquatic, and the land plants (embryophytes), which emerged within them.
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Volvocaceae
The Volvocaceae are a family of unicellular or colonial biflagellates, including the typical genus Volvox.
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Volvox
Volvox is a polyphyletic genus of chlorophyte green algae in the family Volvocaceae.
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Weismann barrier
The Weismann barrier, proposed by August Weismann, is the strict distinction between the "immortal" germ cell lineages producing gametes and "disposable" somatic cells.
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Wild type
Wild type (WT) refers to the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature.
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Yeast
Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom.
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Cellularisation theory, Cellularization theory, Colonial theory, Complex life, Evolution of Multicellularity, Evolution of multicellular organisms, Evolution of multicellularity, GK-PID, Multi-cell organism, Multi-celled organism, Multi-cellular, Multi-cellular life, Multi-cellular organism, Multicellular, Multicellular Specialization, Multicellular animal, Multicellular evolution, Multicellular life, Multicellular organisms, Multicellularity, Pluricellularity, Syncytial theory.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicellular_organism
