Table of Contents
67 relations: Adaptive immune system, Alpha-synuclein, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Atomic force microscopy, B cell, Blood, Caenorhabditis elegans, Cancer, Cell culture, Cell membrane, Cerebrospinal fluid, Chagas disease, Clinical trial, Coagulation, Cytokine, Cytoskeleton, Dendritic cell, DNA, Endosome, Eukaryote, ExoCarta, Extracellular matrix, Extracellular vesicle, Flow cytometry, Growth medium, Immune system, International Society for Extracellular Vesicles, Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Lipid, Lipoprotein, Lumen (anatomy), Mass spectrometry, Membrane vesicle trafficking, Messenger RNA, MHC class I, MHC class II, MicroRNA, Microvesicle, Multicellular organism, Nanometre, Nanoparticle tracking analysis, Neoplasm, Nucleic acid, Ovarian cancer, Oxidative stress, Pathogen, Prostasomes, Protein, Proteomics, Reactive oxygen species, ... Expand index (17 more) »
- Vesicles
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Adaptive immune system
Alpha-synuclein
Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SNCA gene.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Alpha-synuclein
Antonio Vidal-Puig
Antonio Vidal-Puig (born Valencia, Spain June 12, 1962) is a Spanish medical doctor and scientist who works as a Professor of Molecular Nutrition and Metabolism at the University of Cambridge (UK), best known for advancing the concept that pharmacological targeting of brown fat may serve to treat overweight and obesity in affected individuals, as well as for introducing the concept of adipose tissue "expandability" as an important factor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in the context of positive energy balance.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Antonio Vidal-Puig
Atomic force microscopy
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Atomic force microscopy
B cell
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype.
See Exosome (vesicle) and B cell
Blood
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Exosome (vesicle) and Blood are body fluids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Blood
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Caenorhabditis elegans
Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cancer
Cell culture
Cell culture or tissue culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cell culture
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cell membrane
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates. Exosome (vesicle) and Cerebrospinal fluid are body fluids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cerebrospinal fluid
Chagas disease
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Chagas disease
Clinical trial
Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices) and known interventions that warrant further study and comparison.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Clinical trial
Coagulation
Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Coagulation
Cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cytokine
Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Cytoskeleton
Dendritic cell
A dendritic cell (DC) is an antigen-presenting cell (also known as an accessory cell) of the mammalian immune system.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Dendritic cell
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
Endosome
Endosomes are a collection of intracellular sorting organelles in eukaryotic cells. Exosome (vesicle) and Endosome are vesicles.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Endosome
Eukaryote
The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Eukaryote
ExoCarta
ExoCarta is a manually curated database of exosomal proteins, RNA and lipids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and ExoCarta
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM), also called intercellular matrix (ICM), is a network consisting of extracellular macromolecules and minerals, such as collagen, enzymes, glycoproteins and hydroxyapatite that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Extracellular matrix
Extracellular vesicle
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles that are naturally released from almost all types of cells but, unlike a cell, cannot replicate. Exosome (vesicle) and Extracellular vesicle are vesicles.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Extracellular vesicle
Flow cytometry
Flow cytometry (FC) is a technique used to detect and measure the physical and chemical characteristics of a population of cells or particles.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Flow cytometry
Growth medium
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid, or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Growth medium
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Immune system
International Society for Extracellular Vesicles
The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) is an international scientific organization that focuses on the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These membrane-bound particles are released from all known cells and include exosomes, ectosomes, exophers, oncosomes, and more. Established in 2011, the society is a nonprofit organization.
See Exosome (vesicle) and International Society for Extracellular Vesicles
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
The Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, JEV, is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV).
See Exosome (vesicle) and Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
Lipid
Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Lipid
Lipoprotein
A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat) molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Lipoprotein
Lumen (anatomy)
In biology, a lumen (lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Lumen (anatomy)
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Mass spectrometry
Membrane vesicle trafficking
Membrane vesicle trafficking in eukaryotic animal cells involves movement of biochemical signal molecules from synthesis-and-packaging locations in the Golgi body to specific release locations on the inside of the plasma membrane of the secretory cell.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Membrane vesicle trafficking
Messenger RNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Messenger RNA
MHC class I
MHC class I molecules are one of two primary classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (the other being MHC class II) and are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of vertebrates.
See Exosome (vesicle) and MHC class I
MHC class II
MHC Class II molecules are a class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules normally found only on professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, some endothelial cells, thymic epithelial cells, and B cells.
See Exosome (vesicle) and MHC class II
MicroRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides.
See Exosome (vesicle) and MicroRNA
Microvesicle
Microvesicles (ectosomes, or microparticles) are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) that are released from the cell membrane. Exosome (vesicle) and Microvesicle are vesicles.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Microvesicle
Multicellular organism
A multicellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell, unlike unicellular organisms.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Multicellular organism
Nanometre
molecular scale. The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) of a meter (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Nanometre
Nanoparticle tracking analysis
Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) is a method for visualizing and analyzing particles in liquids that relates the rate of Brownian motion to particle size.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Nanoparticle tracking analysis
Neoplasm
A neoplasm is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Neoplasm
Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Nucleic acid
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Ovarian cancer
Oxidative stress
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Oxidative stress
Pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and -γενής, "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Pathogen
Prostasomes
Prostasomes are extracellular vesicles (40-500 nm in diameter) secreted by the prostate gland epithelial cells into seminal fluid.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Prostasomes
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Protein
Proteomics
Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Proteomics
Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen, water, and hydrogen peroxide.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Reactive oxygen species
Red blood cell
Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Red blood cell
Refractive index
In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Refractive index
Reticulocyte
In hematology, reticulocytes are immature red blood cells (RBCs).
See Exosome (vesicle) and Reticulocyte
RNA-induced silencing complex
The RNA-induced silencing complex, or RISC, is a multiprotein complex, specifically a ribonucleoprotein, which functions in gene silencing via a variety of pathways at the transcriptional and translational levels.
See Exosome (vesicle) and RNA-induced silencing complex
Saliva
Saliva (commonly referred to as spit or drool) is an extracellular fluid produced and secreted by salivary glands in the mouth. Exosome (vesicle) and saliva are body fluids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Saliva
Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide anion radical into normal molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Superoxide dismutase
T cell
T cells are one of the important types of white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response.
See Exosome (vesicle) and T cell
Transcriptomics technologies
Transcriptomics technologies are the techniques used to study an organism's transcriptome, the sum of all of its RNA transcripts.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Transcriptomics technologies
Transferrin receptor
Transferrin receptor (TfR) is a carrier protein for transferrin.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Transferrin receptor
Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Transmission electron microscopy
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma cruzi is a species of parasitic euglenoids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Trypanosoma cruzi
Tunable resistive pulse sensing
Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) is a single-particle technique used to measure the size, concentration and zeta potential of particles as they pass through a size-tunable nanopore.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Tunable resistive pulse sensing
Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals. Exosome (vesicle) and Urine are body fluids.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Urine
Vaccination
Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop immunity from a disease.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Vaccination
Vesicle (biology and chemistry)
In cell biology, a vesicle is a structure within or outside a cell, consisting of liquid or cytoplasm enclosed by a lipid bilayer.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Vesicle (biology and chemistry)
Western blot
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot), or western blotting, is a widely used analytical technique in molecular biology and immunogenetics to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Western blot
Zeta potential
Zeta potential is the electrical potential at the slipping plane.
See Exosome (vesicle) and Zeta potential
See also
Vesicles
- Endosome
- Exopher
- Exosome (vesicle)
- Extracellular vesicle
- Ferlins
- Gas vesicle
- Lysosome
- Microvesicle
- Parasitophorous vacuole
- Phagosome
- Secretory vesicles
- Vacuole
- Vesicular transport proteins
References
Also known as Exovesicle.