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40 relations: Allotropy, Arrow's impossibility theorem, Atom, Bucket brigade, Carbon, Chemistry, Condorcet paradox, Converse (logic), Cricket, Diamond, Division of labour, Electoral system, Emergence, Fallacy, Fallacy of division, Faulty generalization, Free-rider problem, Graphite, Hatpin, Human, Keynesian economics, Life, Majority rule, Materials science, Matter, Mereology, Metaphysical naturalism, Motion (physics), Paradox of thrift, Pars pro toto, Preference, Representative agent, Social choice theory, Social network, Social welfare function, Subatomic particle, Synecdoche, Totum pro parte, Tragedy of the commons, Zero-sum game.
Allotropy
Allotropy or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of these elements.
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Arrow's impossibility theorem
In social choice theory, Arrow's impossibility theorem, the general possibility theorem or Arrow's paradox is an impossibility theorem stating that when voters have three or more distinct alternatives (options), no ranked voting electoral system can convert the ranked preferences of individuals into a community-wide (complete and transitive) ranking while also meeting a specified set of criteria: unrestricted domain, non-dictatorship, Pareto efficiency and independence of irrelevant alternatives.
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Atom
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
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Bucket brigade
A bucket brigade or human chain is a method for transporting items where items are passed from one (relatively stationary) person to the next.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds.
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Condorcet paradox
The Condorcet paradox (also known as voting paradox or the paradox of voting) in social choice theory is a situation noted by the Marquis de Condorcet in the late 18th century, in which collective preferences can be cyclic, even if the preferences of individual voters are not cyclic.
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Converse (logic)
In logic, the converse of a categorical or implicational statement is the result of reversing its two parts.
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Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).
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Diamond
Diamond is a solid form of carbon with a diamond cubic crystal structure.
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Division of labour
The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialize.
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Electoral system
An electoral system is a set of rules that determines how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.
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Emergence
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when "the whole is greater than the sum of the parts," meaning the whole has properties its parts do not have.
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Fallacy
A fallacy is the use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning, or "wrong moves" in the construction of an argument.
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Fallacy of division
A fallacy of division occurs when one reasons logically that something true for the whole must also be true of all or some of its parts.
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Faulty generalization
A faulty generalization is a conclusion about all or many instances of a phenomenon that has been reached on the basis of just one or just a few instances of that phenomenon.
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Free-rider problem
In economics, the free-rider problem occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods, or services do not pay for them, which results in an underprovision of those goods or services.
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Graphite
Graphite, archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline allotrope of carbon, a semimetal, a native element mineral, and a form of coal.
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Hatpin
A hatpin is a decorative and functional pin for holding a hat to the head, usually by the hair.
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Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
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Keynesian economics
Keynesian economics (sometimes called Keynesianism) are the various macroeconomic theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand (total demand in the economy).
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Life
Life is a characteristic that distinguishes physical entities that do have biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate.
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Majority rule
Majority rule is a decision rule that selects alternatives which have a majority, that is, more than half the votes.
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Materials science
The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering is the design and discovery of new materials, particularly solids.
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Matter
In the classical physics observed in everyday life, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.
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Mereology
In philosophy and mathematical logic, mereology (from the Greek μέρος meros (root: μερε- mere-, "part") and the suffix -logy "study, discussion, science") is the study of parts and the wholes they form.
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Metaphysical naturalism
Metaphysical naturalism, also called ontological naturalism, philosophical naturalism, and scientific materialism is a philosophical worldview, which holds that there is nothing but natural elements, principles, and relations of the kind studied by the natural sciences.
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Motion (physics)
In physics, motion is a change in position of an object over time.
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Paradox of thrift
The paradox of thrift (or paradox of saving) is a paradox of economics.
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Pars pro toto
Pars pro toto, Latin for "a part (taken) for the whole", is a figure of speech where the name of a portion of an object, place, or concept represents its entirety.
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Preference
A preference is a technical term in psychology, economics and philosophy usually used in relation to choosing between alternatives; someone has a preference for A over B if they would choose A rather than B.
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Representative agent
Economists use the term representative agent to refer to the typical decision-maker of a certain type (for example, the typical consumer, or the typical firm).
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Social choice theory
Social choice theory or social choice is a theoretical framework for analysis of combining individual opinions, preferences, interests, or welfares to reach a collective decision or social welfare in some sense.
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Social network
A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors.
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Social welfare function
In welfare economics, a social welfare function is a function that ranks social states (alternative complete descriptions of the society) as less desirable, more desirable, or indifferent for every possible pair of social states.
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Subatomic particle
In the physical sciences, subatomic particles are particles much smaller than atoms.
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Synecdoche
A synecdoche (from Greek συνεκδοχή, synekdoche,. "simultaneous understanding") is a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa.
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Totum pro parte
Totum pro parte is Latin for "the whole for a part"; it refers to a kind of metonymy.
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Tragedy of the commons
The tragedy of the commons is a term used in social science to describe a situation in a shared-resource system where individual users acting independently according to their own self-interest behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling that resource through their collective action.
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Zero-sum game
In game theory and economic theory, a zero-sum game is a mathematical representation of a situation in which each participant's gain or loss of utility is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the utility of the other participants.
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Redirects here:
Composition (logical fallacy), Composition fallacy, Fallacy of Composition, Modo hoc fallacy, Tail wagging the dog.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy_of_composition
