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79 relations: Actin, Active site, Aldol, Aldol reaction, Aldolase A, Aldolase B, Aldolase C, Anabolism, Animal, Archaea, ARF6, Bacteria, Band 3, Carbon fixation, Carbonyl group, Catabolism, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Divalent, Dynein, Embryophyte, Endosymbiont, Enolase, Enterocyte, Enzyme, Erythrose 4-phosphate, Escherichia coli, Eukaryote, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose 1-phosphate, Fungus, Galactitol, Gene expression, Gibbs free energy, Gluconeogenesis, GLUT4, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating), Glycolysis, Green algae, Guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Hereditary fructose intolerance, Histidine, Inositol trisphosphate, Ketose, Light-independent reactions, Lysine, N-Acetylgalactosamine, Operon, ..., Phosphoenolpyruvic acid, Phosphoglycerate kinase, Phosphoglycerate mutase, Phospholipase D, Plastid, PLD2, Protein domain, Protein quaternary structure, Protein subunit, Protonation, Reaction intermediate, Residue (chemistry), Reversible reaction, Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, RuBisCO, Schiff base, Sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase, Sequence alignment, Sialic acid, Substrate (chemistry), Tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase, TIM barrel, Triose, Triosephosphate isomerase, V-ATPase, Vertebrate, Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein, Zinc, 3-Phosphoglyceric acid. Expand index (29 more) »
Actin
Actin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins that form microfilaments.
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Active site
In biology, the active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
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Aldol
An aldol or aldol adduct (from "Aldehyde alcohol") is a hydroxy ketone or aldehyde, and is the product of aldol addition (as opposed to aldol condensation, which produces an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety).
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Aldol reaction
The aldol reaction is a means of forming carbon–carbon bonds in organic chemistry.
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Aldolase A
Aldolase A (ALDOA, or ALDA), also known as fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDOA gene on chromosome 16.
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Aldolase B
Aldolase B also known as fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B or liver-type aldolase is one of three isoenzymes (A, B, and C) of the class I fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase enzyme (EC 4.1.2.13), and plays a key role in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
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Aldolase C
Aldolase C, fructose-bisphosphate (ALDOC, or ALDC), is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the ALDOC gene on chromosome 17.
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Anabolism
Anabolism (from ἁνά, "upward" and βάλλειν, "to throw") is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Archaea
Archaea (or or) constitute a domain of single-celled microorganisms.
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ARF6
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Band 3
Band 3 anion transport protein, also known as anion exchanger 1 (AE1) or band 3 or solute carrier family 4 member 1 (SLC4A1), is a protein that is encoded by the SLC4A1 gene in humans.
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Carbon fixation
Carbon fixation or сarbon assimilation is the conversion process of inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) to organic compounds by living organisms.
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Carbonyl group
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C.
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Catabolism
Catabolism (from Greek κάτω kato, "downward" and βάλλειν ballein, "to throw") is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.
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Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP, also glycerone phosphate in older texts) is the anion with the formula HOCH2C(O)CH2OPO32-.
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Divalent
In chemistry, a divalent (sometimes bivalent) element, ion, functional group, or molecule has a valence of two.
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Dynein
Dynein is a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins that move along microtubules in cells.
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Embryophyte
The Embryophyta are the most familiar group of green plants that form vegetation on earth.
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Endosymbiont
An endosymbiont or endobiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism in a symbiotic relationship with the host body or cell, often but not always to mutual benefit.
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Enolase
Enolase, also known as phosphopyruvate hydratase, is a metalloenzyme responsible for the catalysis of the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the ninth and penultimate step of glycolysis.
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Enterocyte
Enterocytes, or intestinal absorptive cells, are simple columnar epithelial cells found in the small intestine.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Erythrose 4-phosphate
Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphate of the simple sugar erythrose.
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Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli (also known as E. coli) is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms).
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
Fructose bisphosphatase is an enzyme that converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis and the Calvin cycle which are both anabolic pathways.
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Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, also known as Harden-Young ester, is fructose sugar phosphorylated on carbons 1 and 6 (i.e., is a fructosephosphate).
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Fructose 1-phosphate
Fructose-1-phosphate is a derivative of fructose.
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Fungus
A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
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Galactitol
Galactitol (dulcitol) is a sugar alcohol, the reduction product of galactose.
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Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
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Gibbs free energy
In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (IUPAC recommended name: Gibbs energy or Gibbs function; also known as free enthalpy to distinguish it from Helmholtz free energy) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum of reversible work that may be performed by a thermodynamic system at a constant temperature and pressure (isothermal, isobaric).
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Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis (GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates.
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GLUT4
Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4, is a protein encoded, in humans, by the SLC2A4 gene.
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Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, also known as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and abbreviated as G3P, GA3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP or PGAL, is the metabolite that occurs as an intermediate in several central pathways of all organisms.
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Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (abbreviated as GAPDH or less commonly as G3PDH) is an enzyme of ~37kDa that catalyzes the sixth step of glycolysis and thus serves to break down glucose for energy and carbon molecules.
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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating)
In enzymology, a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction The 3 substrates of this enzyme are D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, phosphate, and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate, NADPH, and H+.
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Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+.
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Green algae
The green algae (singular: green alga) are a large, informal grouping of algae consisting of the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/Streptophyta, which are now placed in separate divisions, as well as the more basal Mesostigmatophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae and Spirotaenia.
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Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins or protein domains that activate monomeric GTPases by stimulating the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to allow binding of guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
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Hereditary fructose intolerance
Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an inborn error of fructose metabolism caused by a deficiency of the enzyme aldolase B. Individuals affected with HFI are asymptomatic until they ingest fructose, sucrose, or sorbitol.
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Histidine
Histidine (symbol His or H) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (also commonly known as triphosphoinositol; abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3), together with diacylglycerol (DAG), is a secondary messenger molecule used in signal transduction and lipid signaling in biological cells.
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Ketose
A ketose is a monosaccharide containing one ketone group per molecule.
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Light-independent reactions
The light-independent reactions, or dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
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Lysine
Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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N-Acetylgalactosamine
N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), is an amino sugar derivative of galactose.
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Operon
In genetics, an operon is a functioning unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter.
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Phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) as the ester derived from the enol of pyruvate and phosphate.
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Phosphoglycerate kinase
Phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK 1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) to ADP producing 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) and ATP: Like all kinases it is a transferase.
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Phosphoglycerate mutase
Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) is any enzyme that catalyzes step 8 of glycolysis.
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Phospholipase D
Phospholipase D (lipophosphodiesterase II, lecithinase D, choline phosphatase) (PLD) is an enzyme of the phospholipase superfamily.
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Plastid
The plastid (Greek: πλαστός; plastós: formed, molded – plural plastids) is a double-membrane organelle found in the cells of plants, algae, and some other eukaryotic organisms.
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PLD2
Phospholipase D2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLD2 gene.
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Protein domain
A protein domain is a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.
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Protein quaternary structure
Protein quaternary structure is the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex.
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Protein subunit
In structural biology, a protein subunit is a single protein molecule that assembles (or "coassembles") with other protein molecules to form a protein complex.
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Protonation
In chemistry, protonation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming the conjugate acid.
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Reaction intermediate
A reaction intermediate or an intermediate is a molecular entity that is formed from the reactants (or preceding intermediates) and reacts further to give the directly observed products of a chemical reaction.
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Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events.
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Reversible reaction
A reversible reaction is a reaction where the reactants form products, which react together to give the reactants back.
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Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an organic substance that is involved in photosynthesis.
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RuBisCO
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, commonly known by the abbreviations RuBisCO, RuBPCase, or RuBPco, is an enzyme involved in the first major step of carbon fixation, a process by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted by plants and other photosynthetic organisms to energy-rich molecules such as glucose.
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Schiff base
A Schiff base (named after Hugo Schiff) is a compound with the general structure R2C.
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Sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase
Sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase (also sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase or SBPase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate to produce sedoheptulose 7-phosphate.
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Sequence alignment
In bioinformatics, a sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences.
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Sialic acid
Sialic acid is a generic term for the N- or O-substituted derivatives of neuraminic acid, a monosaccharide with a nine-carbon backbone.
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Substrate (chemistry)
In chemistry, a substrate is typically the chemical species being observed in a chemical reaction, which reacts with a reagent to generate a product.
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Tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase
In enzymology, a tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, D-tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate, and two products, glycerone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
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TIM barrel
In biochemistry and molecular biology, the TIM barrel is a conserved protein fold consisting of eight α-helices and eight parallel β-strands that alternate along the peptide backbone.
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Triose
A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms.
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Triosephosphate isomerase
Triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI or TIM) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of the triose phosphate isomers dihydroxyacetone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
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V-ATPase
Vacuolar-type -ATPase (V-ATPase) is a highly conserved evolutionarily ancient enzyme with remarkably diverse functions in eukaryotic organisms.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein
The Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp) is a 502-amino acid protein expressed in cells of the hematopoietic system.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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3-Phosphoglyceric acid
3-Phosphoglyceric acid (3PG) is the conjugate acid of glycerate 3-phosphate (GP).
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Redirects here:
Aldehyde lyases, Aldolase, Aldolases, D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming), EC 4.1.2.13, Fructose bisphosphate aldolase.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose-bisphosphate_aldolase
