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Graphics Environment Manager

Index Graphics Environment Manager

Graphics Environment Manager (GEM) was an operating environment created by Digital Research (DRI) for use with the DOS operating system on Intel 8088 and Motorola 68000 microprocessors. [1]

103 relations: Amstrad, Amstrad CPC, Amstrad PCW, APC III, Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp., Apple Inc., Apple Inc. litigation, Apple Lisa, Apricot Computers, Atari Falcon, Atari ST, Atari ST character set, Atari TOS, Bézier curve, BBC Micro, BIOS, Byte (magazine), Calcomp, Centronics, Color Graphics Adapter, COMDEX, Compaq, Computerworld, Corel, Corel Ventura, CP/M, CP/M-86, Desktop publishing, Digital Equipment Corporation, Digital Research, Direct Rendering Manager, DOS, DOS Plus, Dot matrix printing, DR-DOS, Dr. Dobb's Journal, EmuTOS, Enhanced Graphics Adapter, Epson QX-10, FlexOS, FreeGEM, GEM character set, GNU General Public License, Graphical Kernel System, Graphical user interface, Graphics Environment Manager, GST Computer Systems, Hewlett-Packard, HP 7470, HP-GL, ..., IBM, IBM PC compatible, IBM Personal Computer, Image resolution, Instant camera, Intel 8088, International Data Group, Itochu, Lineo, Macintosh, MarioNet split web browser, Microprocessor, MiNT, Motorola 68000, MS-DOS, NCR Corporation, NEC µPD7220, Novell, Oki Electric Industry, OpenGEM, Operating environment, Operating system, OS/2, PARC (company), Polaroid Palette, PostScript, Presentation Manager, Printronix, QuickDraw, Raster graphics, Ratfor, Real-time operating system, ReGIS, Regnecentralen, Seiko Epson, Seikosha, Source code, Static build, Stewart Alsop II, Tektronix 4010, TeleVideo, Timeworks Publisher, Typeface, Vector graphics, Video Graphics Array, ViewMAX, Viewport, Volkswriter, VT100, Windowing system, X Window System, XaAES, Xerox. Expand index (53 more) »

Amstrad

Amstrad is a British electronics company.

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Amstrad CPC

The Amstrad CPC (short for Colour Personal Computer) is a series of 8-bit home computers produced by Amstrad between 1984 and 1990.

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Amstrad PCW

The Amstrad PCW series is a range of personal computers produced by British company Amstrad from 1985 to 1998, and also sold under licence in Europe as the "Joyce" by the German electronics company Schneider in the early years of the series' life.

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APC III

The APC III (Advanced Personal Computer) was released by NEC in 1984.

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Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp.

Apple Computer, Inc.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Apple Inc. litigation

The multinational technology corporation Apple Inc. has been a participant in various legal proceedings and claims since it began operation and, like its competitors and peers, engages in litigation in its normal course of business for a variety of reasons.

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Apple Lisa

The Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, released on January 19, 1983.

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Apricot Computers

Apricot Computers was a British company that produced desktop personal computers in the mid-1980s.

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Atari Falcon

The Atari Falcon030 Computer System is a personal computer released by Atari Corporation in 1992.

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Atari ST

The Atari ST is a line of home computers from Atari Corporation and the successor to the Atari 8-bit family.

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Atari ST character set

The Atari ST character set is the character set of the Atari ST personal computer family including the Atari STE, TT and Falcon.

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Atari TOS

TOS (The Operating System also Tramiel Operating System from Jack Tramiel, owner of Atari Corp. at the time) is the operating system of the Atari ST range of computers.

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Bézier curve

A Bézier curve (pronounced in French) is a parametric curve frequently used in computer graphics and related fields.

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BBC Micro

The British Broadcasting Corporation Microcomputer System, or BBC Micro, is a series of microcomputers and associated peripherals designed and built by the Acorn Computer company for the BBC Computer Literacy Project, operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation.

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BIOS

BIOS (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS) is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.

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Byte (magazine)

Byte was an American microcomputer magazine, influential in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s because of its wide-ranging editorial coverage.

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Calcomp

Calcomp Technology, Inc., usually known as Calcomp, was a company best known for its Calcomp plotters.

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Centronics

Centronics Data Computer Corporation was an American manufacturer of computer printers, now remembered primarily for the parallel interface that bears its name, the Centronics connector.

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Color Graphics Adapter

The Color Graphics Adapter (CGA), originally also called the Color/Graphics Adapter or IBM Color/Graphics Monitor Adapter, introduced in 1981, was IBM's first graphics card and first color display card for the IBM PC.

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COMDEX

COMDEX (an abbreviation of Computer Dealers' Exhibition) was a computer expo trade show held at various locations in the Las Vegas Valley of Nevada, USA, each November from 1979 to 2003.

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Compaq

Compaq (a portmanteau of Compatibility And Quality; occasionally referred to as CQ prior to its final logo) was a company founded in 1982 that developed, sold, and supported computers and related products and services.

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Computerworld

Computerworld is a publication website and digital magazine for information technology (IT) and business technology professionals.

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Corel

No description.

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Corel Ventura

Ventura Publisher was the first popular desktop publishing package for IBM PC compatible computers running the GEM extension to the DOS operating system.

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CP/M

CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created for Intel 8080/85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc.

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CP/M-86

CP/M-86 was a version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088.

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Desktop publishing

Desktop publishing (abbreviated DTP) is the creation of documents using page layout skills on a personal computer primarily for print.

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Digital Equipment Corporation

Digital Equipment Corporation, also known as DEC and using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1950s to the 1990s.

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Digital Research

Digital Research, Inc. (also known as DR or DRI) was a company created by Gary Kildall to market and develop his CP/M operating system and related 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit systems like MP/M, Concurrent DOS, Multiuser DOS, DOS Plus, DR DOS and GEM.

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Direct Rendering Manager

In computing, the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM), a subsystem of the Linux kernel, interfaces with the GPUs of modern video cards.

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DOS

DOS is a family of disk operating systems.

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DOS Plus

DOS Plus (erroneously also known as DOS+) was the first operating system developed by Digital Research's OEM Support Group in Newbury, Berkshire, UK, first released in 1985.

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Dot matrix printing

Dot matrix printing is the process of computer printing from a collection of dot matrix data to a device, which can be one of.

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DR-DOS

DR-DOS (DR DOS, without hyphen up to and including version 6.0) is an operating system of the DOS family, written for IBM PC-compatible personal computers.

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Dr. Dobb's Journal

Dr.

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EmuTOS

EmuTOS is a replacement for TOS (the operating system of the Atari ST and its successors), released as free software.

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Enhanced Graphics Adapter

The Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) is an IBM PC computer display standard from 1984 that superseded and exceeded the capabilities of the CGA standard introduced with the original IBM PC, and was itself superseded by the VGA standard in 1987.

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Epson QX-10

The Epson QX-10 is a microcomputer running CP/M or TPM-III (CP/M-80 compatible) which was introduced in 1983.

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FlexOS

FlexOS is a discontinued modular real-time multi-user multi-tasking operating system (RTOS) designed for computer-integrated manufacturing, laboratory, retail and financial markets.

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FreeGEM

FreeGEM released in 1999 is a windowing system based on Digital Research's GEM which was first released in 1985.

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GEM character set

The GEM character set is the character set of Digital Research's graphical user interface GEM on Intel platforms.

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GNU General Public License

The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or GPL) is a widely used free software license, which guarantees end users the freedom to run, study, share and modify the software.

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Graphical Kernel System

The Graphical Kernel System (GKS) was the first ISO standard for low-level computer graphics, introduced in 1977.

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Graphical user interface

The graphical user interface (GUI), is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.

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Graphics Environment Manager

Graphics Environment Manager (GEM) was an operating environment created by Digital Research (DRI) for use with the DOS operating system on Intel 8088 and Motorola 68000 microprocessors.

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GST Computer Systems

GST was a group of computer companies based in Cambridge, England, founded by Dr Jeff Fenton in June 1979.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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HP 7470

The HP 7470 was a small low-cost desktop pen plotter introduced by Hewlett Packard's San Diego division in 1982.

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HP-GL

HP-GL (Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language; often written as HPGL) is a printer control language created by Hewlett-Packard (HP).

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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IBM PC compatible

IBM PC compatible computers are computers similar to the original IBM PC, XT, and AT, able to use the same software and expansion cards.

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IBM Personal Computer

The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.

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Image resolution

Image resolution is the detail an image holds.

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Instant camera

The instant camera is a type of camera which uses self-developing film to create a chemically developed print shortly after taking the picture.

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Intel 8088

The Intel 8088 ("eighty-eighty-eight", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086.

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International Data Group

International Data Group, Inc. (IDG) is a Chinese-owned, American-based media, data and marketing services and venture capital organization.

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Itochu

is a Japanese corporation based in Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka and Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo.

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Lineo

Lineo was a thin client and embedded systems company spun out of Caldera Thin Clients, on 20 July 1999.

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Macintosh

The Macintosh (pronounced as; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.

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MarioNet split web browser

The MarioNet Internet Appliance is an application that runs on a server and sends pre-rendered graphical images to a light-weight client for display.

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Microprocessor

A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.

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MiNT

MiNT is Now TOS (MiNT) is a free software alternative operating system kernel for the Atari ST system and its successors.

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Motorola 68000

The Motorola 68000 ("'sixty-eight-thousand'"; also called the m68k or Motorola 68k, "sixty-eight-kay") is a 16/32-bit CISC microprocessor, which implements a 32-bit instruction set, with 32-bit registers and 32-bit internal data bus, but with a 16-bit data ALU and two 16-bit arithmetic ALUs and a 16-bit external data bus, designed and marketed by Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector.

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MS-DOS

MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.

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NCR Corporation

The NCR Corporation (originally National Cash Register) is a company that makes self-service kiosks, point-of-sale terminals, automated teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanners, and business consumables.

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NEC µPD7220

The High-Performance Graphics Display Controller 7220 (commonly µPD7220 or NEC 7220) is a video interface controller capable of drawing lines, circles, arcs, and character graphics to a bit-mapped display.

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Novell

Novell, Inc. was a software and services company headquartered in Provo, Utah.

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Oki Electric Industry

, commonly referred to as OKI, OKI Electric or the OKI Group, is a Japanese company manufacturing and selling info-telecom and printer products.

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OpenGEM

OpenGEM is a non-multitasking 16-bit graphical user interface (GUI) for DOS.

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Operating environment

In computer software, an operating environment or integrated applications environment is the environment in which users run application software.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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OS/2

OS/2 is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci.

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PARC (company)

PARC (Palo Alto Research Center; formerly Xerox PARC) is a research and development company in Palo Alto, California, with a distinguished reputation for its contributions to information technology and hardware systems.

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Polaroid Palette

The Polaroid Palette and Polaroid ProPalette are a series of digital film recorders from Polaroid Corporation.

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PostScript

PostScript (PS) is a page description language in the electronic publishing and desktop publishing business.

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Presentation Manager

Presentation Manager (PM) is the graphical user interface (GUI) that IBM and Microsoft introduced in version 1.1 of their operating system OS/2 in late 1988.

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Printronix

Printronix is an American supplier of line matrix printers.The company offers enterprise grade industrial printing solutions.

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QuickDraw

QuickDraw is the 2D graphics library and associated Application Programming Interface (API) which is a core part of the classic Mac OS operating system.

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Raster graphics

In computer graphics, a raster graphics or bitmap image is a dot matrix data structure that represents a generally rectangular grid of pixels (points of color), viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium.

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Ratfor

Ratfor (short for Rational Fortran) is a programming language implemented as a preprocessor for Fortran 66.

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Real-time operating system

A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an operating system (OS) intended to serve real-time applications that process data as it comes in, typically without buffer delays.

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ReGIS

ReGIS, short for Remote Graphic Instruction Set, was a vector graphics markup language developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for later models of their famous VT series of computer terminals.

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Regnecentralen

Regnecentralen, or RC for short, was the first Danish computer company, founded on October 12, 1955.

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Seiko Epson

(Epson being an abbreviation for "Son of Electronic Printer"), or simply Epson, is a Japanese electronics company and one of the world's largest manufacturers of computer printers, and information and imaging related equipment.

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Seikosha

was a branch of the Japanese company Seiko that produced clocks, watches, shutters, computer printers and other devices.

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Source code

In computing, source code is any collection of code, possibly with comments, written using a human-readable programming language, usually as plain text.

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Static build

A static build is a compiled version of a program which has been statically linked against libraries.

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Stewart Alsop II

Stewart Johonnot Oliver Alsop, Jr. (born January 7, 1952)Rebello, Kathy.

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Tektronix 4010

The Tektronix 4010 series was a family of text and graphics computer terminals based on the company's storage tube technology.

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TeleVideo

TeleVideo Corporation was a U.S. company that achieved its peak of success in the early 1980s producing computer terminals.

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Timeworks Publisher

Timeworks Publisher was a desktop publishing (DTP) program produced by GST Software in the United Kingdom.

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Typeface

In typography, a typeface (also known as font family) is a set of one or more fonts each composed of glyphs that share common design features.

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Vector graphics

Vector graphics are computer graphics images that are defined in terms of 2D points, which are connected by lines and curves to form polygons and other shapes.

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Video Graphics Array

Video Graphics Array (VGA) is the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987, following CGA and EGA introduced in earlier IBM personal computers.

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ViewMAX

ViewMAX is a CUA-compliant file manager supplied with DR DOS versions 5.0 and 6.0.

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Viewport

A viewport is a polygon viewing region in computer graphics.

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Volkswriter

Volkswriter was a 1980s-era word processor for the IBM PC written by Camilo Wilson and distributed by Lifetree Software, Inc.

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VT100

The VT100 is a video terminal, introduced in August 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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Windowing system

In computing, a windowing system (or window system) is software that manages separately different parts of display screens.

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X Window System

The X Window System (X11, or shortened to simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like computer operating systems.

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XaAES

FreeMint, MultiTOS, and MagiC are all successors to TOS, the proprietary operating system of the Atari ST computer and compatibles.

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Xerox

Xerox Corporation (also known as Xerox, stylized as xerox since 2008, and previously as XEROX or XeroX from 1960 to 2008) is an American global corporation that sells print and digital document solutions, and document technology products in more than 160 countries.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Environment_Manager

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