Table of Contents
268 relations: Acetylcholine, Acyl group, Adenosine, Adenosine triphosphate, Adenylyl cyclase, Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, Adiponectin receptor 1, Adiponectin receptor 2, Adrenaline, Agonist, Allosteric regulation, Alpha helix, Alternative splicing, Amphiphysin, Anaphylatoxin, Angular resolution, AP2 adaptor complex, Aripiprazole, Arrestin, Beta-2 adrenergic receptor, Biogenic amine, Bombesin, Bradykinin, Bradykinin receptor B2, Brain, Brian Kobilka, C-Raf, C-terminus, Calcitonin, Calcium in biology, Calmodulin, CAMK, Cannabinoid, Carazolol, Catalysis, Cell (biology), Cell membrane, Cell surface receptor, Channelrhodopsin, Chemical compound, Chemokine, Choanoflagellate, Cholesterol, Class (biology), Class C GPCR, Clathrin, Conformational change, Covalent bond, Cryogenic electron microscopy, Crystal structure, ... Expand index (218 more) »
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic compound that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals (including humans) as a neurotransmitter.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Acetylcholine
Acyl group
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Acyl group
Adenosine
Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adenosine
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adenosine triphosphate
Adenylyl cyclase
Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming). G protein-coupled receptor and adenylyl cyclase are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adenylyl cyclase
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (adhesion GPCRs) are a class of 33 human protein receptors with a broad distribution in embryonic and larval cells, cells of the reproductive tract, neurons, leukocytes, and a variety of tumours. G protein-coupled receptor and Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor are g protein-coupled receptors and signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor
Adiponectin receptor 1
Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ADIPOR1 gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adiponectin receptor 1
Adiponectin receptor 2
Adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ADIPOR2 gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adiponectin receptor 2
Adrenaline
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Adrenaline
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Agonist
Allosteric regulation
In the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology an allosteric regulator (or allosteric modulator) is a substance that binds to a site on an enzyme or receptor distinct from the active site, resulting in a conformational change that alters the protein's activity, either enhancing or inhibiting its function.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Allosteric regulation
Alpha helix
An alpha helix (or α-helix) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Alpha helix
Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Alternative splicing
Amphiphysin
Amphiphysin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AMPH gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Amphiphysin
Anaphylatoxin
Anaphylatoxins, or complement peptides, are fragments (C3a, C4a and C5a) that are produced as part of the activation of the complement system. G protein-coupled receptor and Anaphylatoxin are protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Anaphylatoxin
Angular resolution
Angular resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Angular resolution
AP2 adaptor complex
The AP2 adaptor complex is a multimeric protein that works on the cell membrane to internalize cargo in clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
See G protein-coupled receptor and AP2 adaptor complex
Aripiprazole
Aripiprazole, sold under the brand names Abilify and Aristada, among others, is an atypical antipsychotic. It is primarily used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; other uses include as an add-on treatment in major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorders, and irritability associated with autism.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Aripiprazole
Arrestin
Arrestins (abbreviated Arr) are a small family of proteins important for regulating signal transduction at G protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Arrestin
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
The beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2 adrenoreceptor), also known as ADRB2, is a cell membrane-spanning beta-adrenergic receptor that binds epinephrine (adrenaline), a hormone and neurotransmitter whose signaling, via adenylate cyclase stimulation through trimeric Gs proteins, increases cAMP, and, via downstream L-type calcium channel interaction, mediates physiologic responses such as smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
Biogenic amine
A biogenic amine is a biogenic substance with one or more amine groups.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Biogenic amine
Bombesin
Bombesin is a 14-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) by Vittorio Erspamer et al. and named after its source.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Bombesin
Bradykinin
Bradykinin (BK) (from Greek brady- 'slow' + -kinin, kīn(eîn) 'to move') is a peptide that promotes inflammation.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Bradykinin
Bradykinin receptor B2
Bradykinin receptor B2 is a G-protein coupled receptor for bradykinin, encoded by the BDKRB2 gene in humans. G protein-coupled receptor and bradykinin receptor B2 are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Bradykinin receptor B2
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Brain
Brian Kobilka
Brian Kent Kobilka (born May 30, 1955) is an American physiologist and a recipient of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Lefkowitz for discoveries that reveal the workings of G protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Brian Kobilka
C-Raf
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase, also known as proto-oncogene c-RAF or simply c-Raf or even Raf-1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RAF1 gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and C-Raf
C-terminus
The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH).
See G protein-coupled receptor and C-terminus
Calcitonin
Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular cells (also known as C cells) of the thyroid (or endostyle) in humans and other chordates in the ultimopharyngeal body.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Calcitonin
Calcium in biology
Calcium ions (Ca2+) contribute to the physiology and biochemistry of organisms' cells. G protein-coupled receptor and Calcium in biology are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Calcium in biology
Calmodulin
Calmodulin (CaM) (an abbreviation for calcium-modulated protein) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells. G protein-coupled receptor and Calmodulin are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Calmodulin
CAMK
CAMK, also written as CaMK or CCaMK, is an abbreviation for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase class of enzymes.
See G protein-coupled receptor and CAMK
Cannabinoid
Cannabinoids are several structural classes of compounds found in the cannabis plant primarily and most animal organisms (although insects lack such receptors) or as synthetic compounds.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cannabinoid
Carazolol
Carazolol is a high affinity inverse agonist (also referred to as a beta blocker) of the β-adrenergic receptor.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Carazolol
Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Catalysis
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cell (biology)
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cell membrane
Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cell surface receptor
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. G protein-coupled receptor and Channelrhodopsin are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Channelrhodopsin
Chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Chemical compound
Chemokine
Chemokines, or chemotactic cytokines, are a family of small cytokines or signaling proteins secreted by cells that induce directional movement of leukocytes, as well as other cell types, including endothelial and epithelial cells. G protein-coupled receptor and Chemokine are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Chemokine
Choanoflagellate
The choanoflagellates are a group of free-living unicellular and colonial flagellate eukaryotes considered to be the closest living relatives of the animals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Choanoflagellate
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cholesterol
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Class (biology)
Class C GPCR
The class C G-protein-coupled receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors that include the metabotropic glutamate receptors and several additional receptors. G protein-coupled receptor and class C GPCR are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Class C GPCR
Clathrin
Clathrin is a protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Clathrin
Conformational change
In biochemistry, a conformational change is a change in the shape of a macromolecule, often induced by environmental factors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Conformational change
Covalent bond
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Covalent bond
Cryogenic electron microscopy
Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a cryomicroscopy technique applied on samples cooled to cryogenic temperatures.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cryogenic electron microscopy
Crystal structure
In crystallography, crystal structure is a description of ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline material.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Crystal structure
CXCR3
Chemokine receptor CXCR3 is a Gαi protein-coupled receptor in the CXC chemokine receptor family.
See G protein-coupled receptor and CXCR3
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. G protein-coupled receptor and cyclic adenosine monophosphate are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic AMP receptors
Cyclic AMP receptors from slime molds are a distinct family of G-protein coupled receptors. G protein-coupled receptor and Cyclic AMP receptors are g protein-coupled receptors and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cyclic AMP receptors
Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel
Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channels or CNG channels are ion channels that function in response to the binding of cyclic nucleotides.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel
Cysteine
Cysteine (symbol Cys or C) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cysteine
Cytokine receptor
Cytokine receptors are receptors that bind to cytokines.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cytokine receptor
Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cytoskeleton
Cytosol
The cytosol, also known as cytoplasmic matrix or groundplasm, is one of the liquids found inside cells (intracellular fluid (ICF)).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Cytosol
Degradative enzyme
A degradative enzyme is an enzyme (in a broader sense a protein) which degrades biological molecules.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Degradative enzyme
Desensitization (medicine)
In medicine, desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Desensitization (medicine)
Dictyostelium
Dictyostelium is a genus of single- and multi-celled eukaryotic, phagotrophic bacterivores.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dictyostelium
Dictyostelium discoideum
Dictyostelium discoideum is a species of soil-dwelling amoeba belonging to the phylum Amoebozoa, infraphylum Mycetozoa.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dictyostelium discoideum
Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Diffusion
Diglyceride
A diglyceride, or diacylglycerol (DAG), is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. G protein-coupled receptor and diglyceride are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Diglyceride
Dissociation (chemistry)
Dissociation in chemistry is a general process in which molecules (or ionic compounds such as salts, or complexes) separate or split into other things such as atoms, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dissociation (chemistry)
Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a functional group or the anion.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Disulfide
Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dopamine
Dynamic equilibrium
In chemistry, a dynamic equilibrium exists once a reversible reaction occurs.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dynamic equilibrium
Dynamin
Dynamin is a GTPase responsible for endocytosis in the eukaryotic cell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Dynamin
Effector (biology)
In biology, an effector is a general term that can refer to several types of molecules or cells depending on the context: Small molecule effectors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Effector (biology)
Electromagnetic radiation
In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Electromagnetic radiation
Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Endocytosis
Endogeny (biology)
Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Endogeny (biology)
Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Endoplasmic reticulum
Endothelin
Endothelins are peptides with receptors and effects in many body organs.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Endothelin
Eukaryote
The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Eukaryote
Experiment
An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Experiment
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases
In molecular biology, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) or classical MAP kinases are widely expressed protein kinase intracellular signalling molecules that are involved in functions including the regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. G protein-coupled receptor and extracellular signal-regulated kinases are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Extracellular signal-regulated kinases
Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Feedback
Fluticasone/salmeterol
Fluticasone/salmeterol, sold under the brand name Advair among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication containing fluticasone propionate and salmeterol.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Fluticasone/salmeterol
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Follicle-stimulating hormone
Frizzled
Frizzled is a family of atypical G protein-coupled receptors that serve as receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. G protein-coupled receptor and Frizzled are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Frizzled
Functional selectivity
Functional selectivity (or “agonist trafficking”, “biased agonism”, “biased signaling”, "ligand bias" and “differential engagement”) is the ligand-dependent selectivity for certain signal transduction pathways relative to a reference ligand (often the endogenous hormone or peptide) at the same receptor. G protein-coupled receptor and Functional selectivity are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Functional selectivity
Fungal mating pheromone receptors
Fungal pheromone mating factor receptors form a distinct family of G-protein-coupled receptors. G protein-coupled receptor and Fungal mating pheromone receptors are g protein-coupled receptors and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Fungal mating pheromone receptors
Fungus
A fungus (fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Fungus
G beta-gamma complex
The G beta-gamma complex (Gβγ) is a tightly bound dimeric protein complex, composed of one Gβ and one Gγ subunit, and is a component of heterotrimeric G proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G beta-gamma complex
G protein
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. G protein-coupled receptor and g protein are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G protein
G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
The G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) are a family of lipid-gated inward-rectifier potassium ion channels which are activated (opened) by the signaling lipid PIP2 and a signal transduction cascade starting with ligand-stimulated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
See G protein-coupled receptor and G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate cellular responses. G protein-coupled receptor and g protein-coupled receptor are biochemistry, g protein-coupled receptors, integral membrane proteins, molecular biology, protein families, protein superfamilies and signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptor kinase
G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GPCRKs, GRKs) are a family of protein kinases within the AGC (protein kinase A, protein kinase G, protein kinase C) group of kinases.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G protein-coupled receptor kinase
G protein-coupled receptors database
The GPCRdb database is the main repository of curated data for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). G protein-coupled receptor and g protein-coupled receptors database are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G protein-coupled receptors database
G12/G13 alpha subunits
G12/G13 alpha subunits are alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins that link cell surface G protein-coupled receptors primarily to guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho small GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton.
See G protein-coupled receptor and G12/G13 alpha subunits
GABA
GABA (gamma Aminobutyric acid, γ-Aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GABA
GABAB receptor
GABAB receptors (GABABR) are G-protein coupled receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), therefore making them metabotropic receptors, that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels. G protein-coupled receptor and GABAB receptor are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GABAB receptor
GABBR1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor, 1 (GABAB1), is a G-protein coupled receptor subunit encoded by the GABBR1 gene. G protein-coupled receptor and GABBR1 are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GABBR1
GABBR2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 2 (GABAB2) is a G-protein coupled receptor subunit encoded by the GABBR2 gene in humans. G protein-coupled receptor and GABBR2 are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GABBR2
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. G protein-coupled receptor and gene are molecular biology.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gene
Genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Genome
Gi alpha subunit
Gi protein alpha subunit is a family of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gi alpha subunit
Glucagon
Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Glucagon
Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Glutamic acid
Glycosylation
Glycosylation is the reaction in which a carbohydrate (or 'glycan'), i.e. a glycosyl donor, is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of another molecule (a glycosyl acceptor) in order to form a glycoconjugate. G protein-coupled receptor and Glycosylation are biochemistry.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Glycosylation
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a releasing hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Gq alpha subunit
Gq protein alpha subunit is a family of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gq alpha subunit
GRAFS
The GPCR superfamily is the largest gene family in the human genome containing approximately 800 genes.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GRAFS
Growth hormone
Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Growth hormone
Gs alpha subunit
The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα) is a subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs that stimulates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gs alpha subunit
GTPase
GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). G protein-coupled receptor and GTPase are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GTPase
GTPase-activating protein
GTPase-activating proteins or GTPase-accelerating proteins (GAPs) are a family of regulatory proteins whose members can bind to activated G proteins and stimulate their GTPase activity, with the result of terminating the signaling event.
See G protein-coupled receptor and GTPase-activating protein
Guanine
Guanine (symbol G or Gua) is one of the four main nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the others being adenine, cytosine, and thymine (uracil in RNA).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Guanine
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins or protein domains that activate monomeric GTPases by stimulating the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to allow binding of guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine diphosphate, abbreviated GDP, is a nucleoside diphosphate.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor
In molecular biology, the Guanosine dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) constitute a family of small GTPases that serve a regulatory role in vesicular membrane traffic. G protein-coupled receptor and Guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor are protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor
Guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Guanosine triphosphate
Gustducin
Gustducin is a G protein associated with taste and the gustatory system, found in some taste receptor cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Gustducin
Hepatocyte growth factor
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or scatter factor (SF) is a paracrine cellular growth, motility and morphogenic factor.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Hepatocyte growth factor
Heterologous desensitisation
Heterologous desensitization (also known as cross-desensitization) is the term for the unresponsiveness of cells to one or more agonists to which they are normally responsive.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Heterologous desensitisation
Heterotrimeric G protein
Heterotrimeric G protein, also sometimes referred to as the "large" G proteins (as opposed to the subclass of smaller, monomeric small GTPases) are membrane-associated G proteins that form a heterotrimeric complex.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Heterotrimeric G protein
Histamine
Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses communication, as well as regulating physiological functions in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Histamine
Histamine receptor
The histamine receptors are a class of G protein–coupled receptors which bind histamine as their primary endogenous ligand. G protein-coupled receptor and histamine receptor are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Histamine receptor
Homologous desensitization
Homologous desensitization occurs when a receptor decreases its response to an agonist at high concentration. G protein-coupled receptor and Homologous desensitization are g protein-coupled receptors and signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Homologous desensitization
Hormone
A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. G protein-coupled receptor and hormone are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Hormone
Hormone receptor
A hormone receptor is a receptor molecule that binds to a specific hormone. G protein-coupled receptor and hormone receptor are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Hormone receptor
Human
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Human
I-TASSER
I-TASSER (Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement) is a bioinformatics method for predicting three-dimensional structure model of protein molecules from amino acid sequences.
See G protein-coupled receptor and I-TASSER
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Immune system
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif
An immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), is a conserved sequence of amino acids that is found intracellularly in the cytoplasmic domains of many inhibitory receptors of the non-catalytic tyrosine-phosphorylated receptor family found on immune cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif
Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Inflammation
Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3 is an inositol phosphate signaling molecule. G protein-coupled receptor and inositol trisphosphate are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate receptor
Inositol trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) is a membrane glycoprotein complex acting as a Ca2+ channel activated by inositol trisphosphate (InsP3). G protein-coupled receptor and inositol trisphosphate receptor are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Inositol trisphosphate receptor
Integral membrane protein
An integral, or intrinsic, membrane protein (IMP) is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. G protein-coupled receptor and integral membrane protein are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Integral membrane protein
Integrin
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that help cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Integrin
Inverse agonist
In pharmacology, an inverse agonist is a drug that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces a pharmacological response opposite to that of the agonist.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Inverse agonist
JAK-STAT signaling pathway
The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a chain of interactions between proteins in a cell, and is involved in processes such as immunity, cell division, cell death, and tumour formation. G protein-coupled receptor and JAK-STAT signaling pathway are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and JAK-STAT signaling pathway
Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Kinase
Leukotriene
Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Leukotriene
Ligand
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Ligand
Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Ligand (biochemistry)
Lipase
In biochemistry, lipase refers to a class of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Lipase
Lipid
Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Lipid
Lipid raft
The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids, cholesterol and protein receptors organised in glycolipoprotein lipid microdomains termed lipid rafts.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Lipid raft
List of MeSH codes (D12.776)
The following is a partial list of the "D" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM).
See G protein-coupled receptor and List of MeSH codes (D12.776)
List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists in the various fields of physiology or medicine.
See G protein-coupled receptor and List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
Lysosome
A lysosome is a single membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Lysosome
Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Mammal
MAPK/ERK pathway
The MAPK/ERK pathway (also known as the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway) is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell. G protein-coupled receptor and MAPK/ERK pathway are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and MAPK/ERK pathway
MAPK1
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK 1), also known as ERK2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK1 gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and MAPK1
Melanocortin
The melanocortins are a family of neuropeptide hormones which are the ligands of the melanocortin receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Melanocortin
Melatonin
Melatonin, an indoleamine, is a natural compound produced by various organisms, including bacteria and eukaryotes.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Melatonin
Metabotropic glutamate receptor
The metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor that are active through an indirect metabotropic process. G protein-coupled receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptor are protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Metabotropic glutamate receptor
Metabotropic receptor
A metabotropic receptor, also referred to by the broader term G-protein-coupled receptor, is a type of membrane receptor that initiates a number of metabolic steps to modulate cell activity. G protein-coupled receptor and metabotropic receptor are g protein-coupled receptors and signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Metabotropic receptor
Metastasis
Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; the term is typically used when referring to metastasis by a cancerous tumor.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Metastasis
Microbial rhodopsin
Microbial rhodopsins, also known as bacterial rhodopsins, are retinal-binding proteins that provide light-dependent ion transport and sensory functions in halophilic and other bacteria. G protein-coupled receptor and Microbial rhodopsin are integral membrane proteins and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Microbial rhodopsin
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. G protein-coupled receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Mitogen-activated protein kinase
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (also known as MAP2K, MEK, MAPKK) is a dual-specificity kinase enzyme which phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
Molecule
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Molecule
Monomer
A monomer (mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Monomer
Multicellular organism
A multicellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell, unlike unicellular organisms.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Multicellular organism
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, or mAChRs, are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
N-terminus
The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide, referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide.
See G protein-coupled receptor and N-terminus
N-type calcium channel
N-type calcium channels also called Cav2.2 channels are voltage gated calcium channels that are localized primarily on the nerve terminals and dendrites as well as neuroendocrine cells. G protein-coupled receptor and n-type calcium channel are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and N-type calcium channel
Negative feedback
Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Negative feedback
Nematode
The nematodes (or; Νηματώδη; Nematoda), roundworms or eelworms constitute the phylum Nematoda.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Nematode
Neoplasm
A neoplasm is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Neoplasm
Neuropeptide Y
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino-acid neuropeptide that is involved in various physiological and homeostatic processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Neuropeptide Y
Neurotransmitter
A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Neurotransmitter
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase
A non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) is a cytosolic enzyme that is responsible for catalysing the transfer of a phosphate group from a nucleoside triphosphate donor, such as ATP, to tyrosine residues in proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Non-receptor tyrosine kinase
Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Norepinephrine
Odor
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds that are generally found in low concentrations that humans and many animals can perceive via their sense of smell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Odor
Olfactory epithelium
The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Olfactory epithelium
Olfactory receptor
Olfactory receptors (ORs), also known as odorant receptors, are chemoreceptors expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons and are responsible for the detection of odorants (for example, compounds that have an odor) which give rise to the sense of smell. G protein-coupled receptor and olfactory receptor are integral membrane proteins and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Olfactory receptor
Opioid
Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Opioid
Opisthokont
The opisthokonts are a broad group of eukaryotes, including both the animal and fungus kingdoms.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Opisthokont
Opsin
Animal opsins are G-protein-coupled receptors and a group of proteins made light-sensitive via a chromophore, typically retinal. G protein-coupled receptor and opsin are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Opsin
Opsonin
Opsonins are extracellular proteins that, when bound to substances or cells, induce phagocytes to phagocytose the substances or cells with the opsonins bound.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Opsonin
Orphan receptor
In biochemistry, an orphan receptor is a protein that has a similar structure to other identified receptors but whose endogenous ligand has not yet been identified.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Orphan receptor
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Oxytocin
P-type calcium channel
The P-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. G protein-coupled receptor and p-type calcium channel are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and P-type calcium channel
Palmitoylation
Palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine (S-palmitoylation) and less frequently to serine and threonine (O-palmitoylation) residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Palmitoylation
Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the others being the sympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Parasympathetic nervous system
PDZ domain
The PDZ domain is a common structural domain of 80-90 amino-acids found in the signaling proteins of bacteria, yeast, plants, viruses and animals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and PDZ domain
Pepducin
Pepducins are cell-penetrating peptides that act as intracellular modulators of signal transference from receptors to G proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Pepducin
Peptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Peptide
Pheromone
A pheromone is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Pheromone
Phosphatidylinositol
Phosphatidylinositol or inositol phospholipid is a biomolecule.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phosphatidylinositol
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known simply as PIP2 or PI(4,5)P2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. G protein-coupled receptor and phosphodiesterase are molecular biology.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phosphodiesterase
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), also called phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Phospholipase C
Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phospholipase C
Phosphorylation
In biochemistry, phosphorylation is the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Phosphorylation
Photoisomerization
In chemistry, photoisomerization is a form of isomerization induced by photoexcitation.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Photoisomerization
Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Physiology
Platelet-activating factor
Platelet-activating factor, also known as PAF, PAF-acether or AGEPC (acetyl-glyceryl-ether-phosphorylcholine), is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, platelet aggregation and degranulation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Platelet-activating factor
Polymerization
In polymer chemistry, polymerization (American English), or polymerisation (British English), is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Polymerization
Post-translational modification
In molecular biology, post-translational modification (PTM) is the covalent process of changing proteins following protein biosynthesis.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Post-translational modification
Promiscuity
Promiscuity is the practice of engaging in sexual activity frequently with different partners or being indiscriminate in the choice of sexual partners.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Promiscuity
Prostaglandin
Prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids that have diverse hormone-like effects in animals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Prostaglandin
Prostanoid
In molecular biology, prostanoids are active lipid mediators that regulate inflammatory response.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Prostanoid
Protease-activated receptor
Protease-activated receptors (PAR) are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. G protein-coupled receptor and Protease-activated receptor are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protease-activated receptor
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. G protein-coupled receptor and Protein are molecular biology.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein
Protein biosynthesis
Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of new proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein biosynthesis
Protein family
A protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins. G protein-coupled receptor and protein family are protein families and protein superfamilies.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein family
Protein isoform
A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein isoform
Protein kinase
A protein kinase is a kinase which selectively modifies other proteins by covalently adding phosphates to them (phosphorylation) as opposed to kinases which modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein kinase
Protein kinase A
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKA) is a family of serine-threonine kinase whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). G protein-coupled receptor and protein kinase A are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein kinase A
Protein kinase C
In cell biology, Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein kinase C
Protein phosphatase
A protein phosphatase is a phosphatase enzyme that removes a phosphate group from the phosphorylated amino acid residue of its substrate protein. G protein-coupled receptor and protein phosphatase are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein phosphatase
Protein primary structure
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein primary structure
Protein structure
Protein structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid-chain molecule.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein structure
Protein targeting
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein targeting
Protein tertiary structure
Protein tertiary structure is the three-dimensional shape of a protein.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein tertiary structure
Protein trimer
In biochemistry, a protein trimer is a macromolecular complex formed by three, usually non-covalently bound, macromolecules like proteins or nucleic acids.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Protein trimer
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Proteolysis
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, also known as proto-oncogene c-Src, or simply c-Src (cellular Src; pronounced "sarc", as it is short for sarcoma), is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase protein that in humans is encoded by the SRC gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src
Proton
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Proton
Pseudo amino acid composition
Pseudo amino acid composition, or PseAAC, in molecular biology, was originally introduced by Kuo-Chen Chou in 2001 to represent protein samples for improving protein subcellular localization prediction and membrane protein type prediction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Pseudo amino acid composition
PTK2
PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2), also known as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the PTK2 gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and PTK2
Q-type calcium channel
The Q-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. G protein-coupled receptor and q-type calcium channel are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Q-type calcium channel
Ras GTPase
Ras, from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a family of related proteins that are expressed in all animal cell lineages and organs.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Ras GTPase
Reaction rate constant
In chemical kinetics, a reaction rate constant or reaction rate coefficient is a proportionality constant which quantifies the rate and direction of a chemical reaction by relating it with the concentration of reactants.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Reaction rate constant
Receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand
A receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand (RASSL) or designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD), is a class of artificially engineered protein receptors used in the field of chemogenetics which are selectively activated by certain ligands. G protein-coupled receptor and receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand
Receptor antagonist
A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist. G protein-coupled receptor and receptor antagonist are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Receptor antagonist
Receptor theory
Receptor theory is the application of receptor models to explain drug behavior. G protein-coupled receptor and receptor theory are biochemistry.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Receptor theory
Receptor tyrosine kinase
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Receptor tyrosine kinase
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of the plasma membrane (invagination).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Regulator of G protein signaling
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are protein structural domains or the proteins that contain these domains, that function to activate the GTPase activity of heterotrimeric G-protein α-subunits.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Regulator of G protein signaling
Retina
The retina (or retinas) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Retina
Retinal
Retinal (also known as retinaldehyde) is a polyene chromophore. G protein-coupled receptor and retinal are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Retinal
Rho family of GTPases
The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G proteins, and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Rho family of GTPases
Rho-associated protein kinase
Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) is a kinase belonging to the AGC (PKA/ PKG/PKC) family of serine-threonine specific protein kinases. G protein-coupled receptor and Rho-associated protein kinase are protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Rho-associated protein kinase
Rhodopsin
Rhodopsin, also known as visual purple, is a protein encoded by the RHO gene and a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). G protein-coupled receptor and Rhodopsin are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Rhodopsin
Rhodopsin-like receptors
Rhodopsin-like receptors are a family of proteins that comprise the largest group of G protein-coupled receptors. G protein-coupled receptor and Rhodopsin-like receptors are g protein-coupled receptors and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Rhodopsin-like receptors
Robert Lefkowitz
Robert Joseph Lefkowitz (born April 15, 1943) is an American physician (internist and cardiologist) and biochemist.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Robert Lefkowitz
Second messenger system
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers. G protein-coupled receptor and Second messenger system are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Second messenger system
Secretin receptor
The secretin receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCTR gene. G protein-coupled receptor and secretin receptor are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Secretin receptor
Secretin receptor family
Secretin receptor family (class B GPCR subfamily) consists of secretin receptors regulated by peptide hormones from the glucagon hormone family. G protein-coupled receptor and secretin receptor family are g protein-coupled receptors and protein families.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Secretin receptor family
Sense of smell
The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Sense of smell
Sequence analysis
In bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting a DNA, RNA or peptide sequence to any of a wide range of analytical methods to understand its features, function, structure, or evolution.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Sequence analysis
Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Sequence homology
Serine
Serine (symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Serine
Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase
A serine/threonine protein kinase is a kinase enzyme, in particular a protein kinase, that phosphorylates the OH group of the amino-acid residues serine or threonine, which have similar side chains.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase
Serotonin
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Serotonin
Signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. G protein-coupled receptor and signal transduction are biochemistry.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Signal transduction
Slime mold
Slime mold or slime mould is an informal name given to a polyphyletic assemblage of unrelated eukaryotic organisms in the Stramenopiles, Rhizaria, Discoba, Amoebozoa and Holomycota clades.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Slime mold
Small GTPase
Small GTPases, also known as small G-proteins, are a family of hydrolase enzymes that can bind and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
See G protein-coupled receptor and Small GTPase
Smoothened
Smoothened is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMO gene.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Smoothened
Somatostatin
Somatostatin, also known as growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH) or by several other names, is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Somatostatin
Sphingolipid
Sphingolipids are a class of lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases, which are a set of aliphatic amino alcohols that includes sphingosine.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Sphingolipid
Steric effects
Steric effects arise from the spatial arrangement of atoms.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Steric effects
Subcellular localization
The cells of eukaryotic organisms are elaborately subdivided into functionally-distinct membrane-bound compartments.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Subcellular localization
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the others being the parasympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Sympathetic nervous system
Tachykinin peptides
Tachykinin peptides are one of the largest families of neuropeptides, found from amphibians to mammals.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Tachykinin peptides
Taste receptor
A taste receptor or tastant is a type of cellular receptor that facilitates the sensation of taste. G protein-coupled receptor and taste receptor are g protein-coupled receptors.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Taste receptor
Terpenoid
The terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from the 5-carbon compound isoprene and its derivatives called terpenes, diterpenes, etc.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Terpenoid
Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Threonine
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Tissue (biology)
In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Tissue (biology)
TOG superfamily
The transporter-opsin-G protein-coupled receptor (TOG) superfamily is a protein superfamily of integral membrane proteins, usually of 7 or 8 transmembrane alpha-helical segments (TMSs). G protein-coupled receptor and TOG superfamily are protein superfamilies.
See G protein-coupled receptor and TOG superfamily
Toll-like receptor
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. G protein-coupled receptor and Toll-like receptor are signal transduction.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Toll-like receptor
Transducer
A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Transducer
Transmembrane domain
A transmembrane domain (TMD) is a membrane-spanning protein domain.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Transmembrane domain
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, also known as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasopressin
Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized from the AVP gene as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus, and is converted to AVP.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Vasopressin
Vesicle (biology and chemistry)
In cell biology, a vesicle is a structure within or outside a cell, consisting of liquid or cytoplasm enclosed by a lipid bilayer.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Vesicle (biology and chemistry)
Voltage-gated calcium channel
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), also known as voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), are a group of voltage-gated ion channels found in the membrane of excitable cells (e.g., muscle, glial cells, neurons, etc.) with a permeability to the calcium ion Ca2+. G protein-coupled receptor and voltage-gated calcium channel are integral membrane proteins.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Voltage-gated calcium channel
Yeast
Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom.
See G protein-coupled receptor and Yeast
References
Also known as 7 transmembrane, 7 transmembrane receptor, 7-transmembrane, 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled, 7-transmembrane receptor, 7TM, 7TM Receptor, G protein coupled receptor, G protein coupled receptors, G protein-coupled, G protein-coupled receptors, G-protein coupled, G-protein coupled membrane receptors, G-protein coupled receptor, G-protein coupled receptors, G-protein linked receptors, G-protein-coupled, G-protein-coupled receptor, G-protein-coupled receptors, GPCR, GPCRs, Gi coupled receptor, Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein-Coupled Receptor, Heptahelical receptor, Receptors, g-protein-coupled, Serpentine receptor, Seven transmembrane protein, Seven transmembrane receptor, Seven transmembrane region, Seven-transmembrane protein.
, CXCR3, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Cyclic AMP receptors, Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel, Cysteine, Cytokine receptor, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Cytosol, Degradative enzyme, Desensitization (medicine), Dictyostelium, Dictyostelium discoideum, Diffusion, Diglyceride, Dissociation (chemistry), Disulfide, Dopamine, Dynamic equilibrium, Dynamin, Effector (biology), Electromagnetic radiation, Endocytosis, Endogeny (biology), Endoplasmic reticulum, Endothelin, Eukaryote, Experiment, Extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Feedback, Fluticasone/salmeterol, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Frizzled, Functional selectivity, Fungal mating pheromone receptors, Fungus, G beta-gamma complex, G protein, G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel, G protein-coupled receptor, G protein-coupled receptor kinase, G protein-coupled receptors database, G12/G13 alpha subunits, GABA, GABAB receptor, GABBR1, GABBR2, Gene, Genome, Gi alpha subunit, Glucagon, Glutamic acid, Glycosylation, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Gq alpha subunit, GRAFS, Growth hormone, Gs alpha subunit, GTPase, GTPase-activating protein, Guanine, Guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Guanosine diphosphate, Guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, Guanosine triphosphate, Gustducin, Hepatocyte growth factor, Heterologous desensitisation, Heterotrimeric G protein, Histamine, Histamine receptor, Homologous desensitization, Hormone, Hormone receptor, Human, I-TASSER, Immune system, Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, Inflammation, Inositol trisphosphate, Inositol trisphosphate receptor, Integral membrane protein, Integrin, Inverse agonist, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Kinase, Leukotriene, Ligand, Ligand (biochemistry), Lipase, Lipid, Lipid raft, List of MeSH codes (D12.776), List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine, Lysosome, Mammal, MAPK/ERK pathway, MAPK1, Melanocortin, Melatonin, Metabotropic glutamate receptor, Metabotropic receptor, Metastasis, Microbial rhodopsin, Mitogen-activated protein kinase, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, Molecule, Monomer, Multicellular organism, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, N-terminus, N-type calcium channel, Negative feedback, Nematode, Neoplasm, Neuropeptide Y, Neurotransmitter, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Non-receptor tyrosine kinase, Norepinephrine, Odor, Olfactory epithelium, Olfactory receptor, Opioid, Opisthokont, Opsin, Opsonin, Orphan receptor, Oxytocin, P-type calcium channel, Palmitoylation, Parasympathetic nervous system, PDZ domain, Pepducin, Peptide, Pheromone, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, Phosphodiesterase, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Phospholipase C, Phosphorylation, Photoisomerization, Physiology, Platelet-activating factor, Polymerization, Post-translational modification, Promiscuity, Prostaglandin, Prostanoid, Protease-activated receptor, Protein, Protein biosynthesis, Protein family, Protein isoform, Protein kinase, Protein kinase A, Protein kinase C, Protein phosphatase, Protein primary structure, Protein structure, Protein targeting, Protein tertiary structure, Protein trimer, Proteolysis, Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, Proton, Pseudo amino acid composition, PTK2, Q-type calcium channel, Ras GTPase, Reaction rate constant, Receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand, Receptor antagonist, Receptor theory, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Receptor-mediated endocytosis, Regulator of G protein signaling, Retina, Retinal, Rho family of GTPases, Rho-associated protein kinase, Rhodopsin, Rhodopsin-like receptors, Robert Lefkowitz, Second messenger system, Secretin receptor, Secretin receptor family, Sense of smell, Sequence analysis, Sequence homology, Serine, Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, Serotonin, Signal transduction, Slime mold, Small GTPase, Smoothened, Somatostatin, Sphingolipid, Steric effects, Subcellular localization, Sympathetic nervous system, Tachykinin peptides, Taste receptor, Terpenoid, Threonine, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, Tissue (biology), TOG superfamily, Toll-like receptor, Transducer, Transmembrane domain, Vasoactive intestinal peptide, Vasopressin, Vesicle (biology and chemistry), Voltage-gated calcium channel, Yeast.