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Gadolinium

Index Gadolinium

Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64. [1]

114 relations: Alloy, Ammonium oxalate, Anaphylaxis, Arsenic, Atomic mass, Atomic number, Barn (unit), Bastnäsite, Beta decay, Bubble memory, Calcium, CANDU reactor, Carbon nanotube, Cerite, Cerium, Cerium(IV) oxide, Chelation, Chemical element, Chemist, Chromium, Coordination complex, Coordination number, CT scan, Cubic crystal system, Curie temperature, Denticity, Dopant, Doping (semiconductor), DOTA (chelator), Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Ductility, Electrolyte, Electron capture, Europium, Ferromagnetism, Finland, Fullerene, Gadodiamide, Gadolinite, Gadolinium gallium garnet, Gadolinium oxysulfide, Gadolinium yttrium garnet, Gadolinium(III) chloride, Gadolinium(III) nitrate, Gadolinium(III) oxide, Gadolinium-doped ceria, Gadonanotube, Gadopentetic acid, Gamma ray, Geologist, ..., Germanium, Hakai magazine, Half-life, Hexagonal crystal family, Hydrochloric acid, Intravenous therapy, Ion channel, Ion exchange, Ionic conductivity (solid state), Iron, Isotope, Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac, Johan Gadolin, Kelvin, Kidney, Lepersonnite-(Gd), Magnesium nitrate, Magnetic resonance angiography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Median lethal dose, Metallurgy, Microwave, Monazite, MRI contrast agent, Natural abundance, Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, Neutron, Neutron capture, Neutron imaging, Neutron temperature, Nitric acid, Nuclear isomer, Nuclear marine propulsion, Nuclear reactor, Organic chemistry, Osteoporosis, Oxalate, Oxidation state, Papular mucinosis, Paramagnetism, Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Phosphor, Positron emission tomography, Radioactive decay, Radiography, Radionuclide, Rare-earth element, Redox, Reducing agent, Samarium, Scintillator, Scleroderma, Silicon, Solid oxide fuel cell, Sulfuric acid, Tantalum, Tarnish, Television, Terbium, Thorium, Transmission electron microscopy, Valence (chemistry), X-ray, Xenon-135. Expand index (64 more) »

Alloy

An alloy is a combination of metals or of a metal and another element.

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Ammonium oxalate

Ammonium oxalate, C2H8N2O4 – more commonly written as (NH4)2C2O4 – is an oxalate salt with ammonium (sometimes as a monohydrate).

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Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death.

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Arsenic

Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.

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Atomic mass

The atomic mass (ma) is the mass of an atom.

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Atomic number

The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Barn (unit)

A barn (symbol: b) is a unit of area equal to 10−28 m2 (100 fm2).

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Bastnäsite

The mineral bastnäsite (or bastnaesite) is one of a family of three carbonate-fluoride minerals, which includes bastnäsite-(Ce) with a formula of (Ce, La)CO3F, bastnäsite-(La) with a formula of (La, Ce)CO3F, and bastnäsite-(Y) with a formula of (Y, Ce)CO3F.

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Beta decay

In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta ray (fast energetic electron or positron) and a neutrino are emitted from an atomic nucleus.

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Bubble memory

Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that uses a thin film of a magnetic material to hold small magnetized areas, known as bubbles or domains, each storing one bit of data.

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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CANDU reactor

The CANDU, for Canada Deuterium Uranium, is a Canadian pressurized heavy-water reactor design used to generate electric power.

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Carbon nanotube

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.

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Cerite

Cerite is a complex silicate mineral group containing cerium, formula (Ce,La,Ca)9(Mg,Fe+3)(SiO4)6(SiO3OH)(OH)3.

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Cerium

Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58.

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Cerium(IV) oxide

Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceric dioxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare-earth metal cerium.

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Chelation

Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and molecules to metal ions.

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Chemical element

A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).

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Chemist

A chemist (from Greek chēm (ía) alchemy; replacing chymist from Medieval Latin alchimista) is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry.

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Chromium

Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.

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Coordination complex

In chemistry, a coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.

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Coordination number

In chemistry, crystallography, and materials science the coordination number, also called ligancy, of a central atom in a molecule or crystal is the number of atoms, molecules or ions bonded to it.

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CT scan

A CT scan, also known as computed tomography scan, makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object, allowing the user to see inside the object without cutting.

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Cubic crystal system

In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube.

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Curie temperature

In physics and materials science, the Curie temperature (TC), or Curie point, is the temperature above which certain materials lose their permanent magnetic properties, to be replaced by induced magnetism.

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Denticity

Denticity refers to the number of donor groups in a single ligand that bind to a central atom in a coordination complex.

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Dopant

A dopant, also called a doping agent, is a trace impurity element that is inserted into a substance (in very low concentrations) to alter the electrical or optical properties of the substance.

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Doping (semiconductor)

In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical properties.

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DOTA (chelator)

DOTA (also known as tetraxetan) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2CH2NCH2CO2H)4.

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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, previously DEXA) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD).

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Ductility

Ductility is a measure of a material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture, which may be expressed as percent elongation or percent area reduction from a tensile test.

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Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.

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Electron capture

Electron capture (K-electron capture, also K-capture, or L-electron capture, L-capture) is a process in which the proton-rich nucleus of an electrically neutral atom absorbs an inner atomic electron, usually from the K or L electron shell.

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Europium

Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63.

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Ferromagnetism

Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets.

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Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

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Fullerene

A fullerene is a molecule of carbon in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, tube, and many other shapes.

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Gadodiamide

Gadodiamide is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent, used in MR imaging procedures to assist in the visualization of blood vessels.

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Gadolinite

Gadolinite, sometimes known as ytterbite, is a silicate mineral consisting principally of the silicates of cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium, beryllium, and iron with the formula (Ce,La,Nd,Y)2FeBe2Si2O10.

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Gadolinium gallium garnet

Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group, with good mechanical, thermal, and optical properties.

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Gadolinium oxysulfide

Gadolinium oxysulfide (Gd2O2S), also called gadolinium sulfoxylate, GOS or Gadox, is an inorganic compound, a mixed oxide-sulfide of gadolinium.

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Gadolinium yttrium garnet

Gadolinium Yttrium Garnet (Gd:YAG) is a variation of Nd:YAG with microwave and laser applications.

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Gadolinium(III) chloride

Gadolinium(III) chloride, also known as gadolinium trichloride, is GdCl3.

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Gadolinium(III) nitrate

Gadolinium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound of gadolinium.

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Gadolinium(III) oxide

Gadolinium(III) oxide (archaically gadolinia) is an inorganic compound with the formula Gd2O3.

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Gadolinium-doped ceria

Gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) (known alternatively as gadolinia-doped ceria, gadolinium-doped cerium oxide, cerium(IV) oxide, gadolinium-doped, and GCO, formula Gd:CeO2) is a ceramic electrolyte used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).

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Gadonanotube

Gadonanotube are carbon nanotubes containing superparamagnetic clusters of Gd3+ ions.

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Gadopentetic acid

Gadopentetic acid is one of the trade names for a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent, usually administered as a salt of a complex of gadolinium with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentacetate) with the chemical formula A2; when cation A is the protonated form of the amino sugar meglumine the salt goes under the name "gadopentetate dimeglumine".

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Gamma ray

A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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Geologist

A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes that shape it.

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Germanium

Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32.

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Hakai magazine

Hakai Magazine in an online magazine which publishes short and feature length journalistic stories on topics related to coastal science, ecology and communities.

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Half-life

Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.

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Hexagonal crystal family

In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal family is one of the 6 crystal families, which includes 2 crystal systems (hexagonal and trigonal) and 2 lattice systems (hexagonal and rhombohedral).

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Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula.

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Intravenous therapy

Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers liquid substances directly into a vein (intra- + ven- + -ous).

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Ion channel

Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.

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Ion exchange

Ion exchange is an exchange of ions between two electrolytes or between an electrolyte solution and a complex.

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Ionic conductivity (solid state)

Ionic conduction (denoted by -lambda) is the movement of an ion from one site to another through defects in the crystal lattice of a solid or aqueous solution.

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Iron

Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.

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Isotope

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.

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Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (24 April 1817 – 15 April 1894) was a Swiss chemist whose work with atomic weights suggested the possibility of isotopes and the packing fraction of nuclei and whose study of the rare earth elements led to his discovery of ytterbium in 1878 and co-discovery of gadolinium in 1880.

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Johan Gadolin

Johan Gadolin (5 June 1760 – 15 August 1852) was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist.

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Kelvin

The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.

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Kidney

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in left and right sides of the body in vertebrates.

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Lepersonnite-(Gd)

Lepersonnite-(Gd) is a very rare rare-earth and uranium mineral with the formula Ca(Gd,Dy)2(UO2)24(SiO4)4(CO3)8(OH)24·48H2O.

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Magnesium nitrate

Magnesium nitrate refers to inorganic compounds with the formula Mg(NO3)2(H2O)x, where x.

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Magnetic resonance angiography

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a group of techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to image blood vessels.

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Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease.

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Median lethal dose

In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 is a measure of the lethal dose of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen.

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Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.

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Microwave

Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter; with frequencies between and.

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Monazite

Monazite is a reddish-brown phosphate mineral containing rare-earth metals.

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MRI contrast agent

MRI contrast agents are contrast agents used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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Natural abundance

In physics, natural abundance (NA) refers to the abundance of isotopes of a chemical element as naturally found on a planet.

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Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) or nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NFD) is a rare and serious syndrome that involves fibrosis of skin, joints, eyes, and internal organs.

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Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

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Neutron capture

Neutron capture is a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus and one or more neutrons collide and merge to form a heavier nucleus.

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Neutron imaging

Neutron imaging is the process of making an image with neutrons.

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Neutron temperature

The neutron detection temperature, also called the neutron energy, indicates a free neutron's kinetic energy, usually given in electron volts.

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Nitric acid

Nitric acid (HNO3), also known as aqua fortis (Latin for "strong water") and spirit of niter, is a highly corrosive mineral acid.

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Nuclear isomer

A nuclear isomer is a metastable state of an atomic nucleus caused by the excitation of one or more of its nucleons (protons or neutrons).

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Nuclear marine propulsion

Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship or submarine with heat provided by a nuclear power plant.

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Nuclear reactor

A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.

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Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a chemistry subdiscipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.

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Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a disease where increased bone weakness increases the risk of a broken bone.

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Oxalate

Oxalate (IUPAC: ethanedioate) is the dianion with the formula, also written.

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Oxidation state

The oxidation state, sometimes referred to as oxidation number, describes degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound.

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Papular mucinosis

Papular mucinosis (also known as Scleromyxedema, "Generalized lichen myxedematosus," and "Sclerodermoid lichen myxedematosus") is a rare skin disease.

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Paramagnetism

Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby certain materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field.

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Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, also called François Lecoq de Boisbaudran (18 April 1838 – 28 May 1912), was a French chemist known for his discoveries of the chemical elements gallium, samarium and dysprosium.

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Phosphor

A phosphor, most generally, is a substance that exhibits the phenomenon of luminescence.

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Positron emission tomography

Positron-emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine functional imaging technique that is used to observe metabolic processes in the body as an aid to the diagnosis of disease.

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Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.

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Radiography

Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays to view the internal form of an object.

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Radionuclide

A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable.

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Rare-earth element

A rare-earth element (REE) or rare-earth metal (REM), as defined by IUPAC, is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium.

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Redox

Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.

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Reducing agent

A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is an element (such as calcium) or compound that loses (or "donates") an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction.

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Samarium

Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62.

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Scintillator

A scintillator is a material that exhibits scintillation—the property of luminescence, when excited by ionizing radiation.

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Scleroderma

Scleroderma is a group of autoimmune diseases that may result in changes to the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs.

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Silicon

Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.

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Solid oxide fuel cell

A solid oxide fuel cell (or SOFC) is an electrochemical conversion device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing a fuel.

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Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a mineral acid with molecular formula H2SO4.

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Tantalum

Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73.

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Tarnish

Tarnish is a thin layer of corrosion that forms over copper, brass, silver, aluminum, magnesium, neodymium and other similar metals as their outermost layer undergoes a chemical reaction.

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Television

Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in colour, and in two or three dimensions and sound.

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Terbium

Terbium is a chemical element with symbol Tb and atomic number 65.

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Thorium

Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.

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Transmission electron microscopy

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, also sometimes conventional transmission electron microscopy or CTEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image.

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Valence (chemistry)

In chemistry, the valence or valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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Xenon-135

Xenon-135 (135Xe) is an unstable isotope of xenon with a half-life of about 9.2 hours.

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Redirects here:

Element 64, Gadolinic, Gadolininum, Gadolinum, Gd (element).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadolinium

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