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Galaxy rotation curve

Index Galaxy rotation curve

The rotation curve of a disc galaxy (also called a velocity curve) is a plot of the orbital speeds of visible stars or gas in that galaxy versus their radial distance from that galaxy's centre. [1]

68 relations: American Astronomical Society, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Baryon, Bulge (astronomy), Carnegie Institution for Science, Classical mechanics, Cold dark matter, Cuspy halo problem, Dark matter, Dark matter halo, Disc galaxy, Dwarf galaxy, Dwarf galaxy problem, Einasto profile, Electromagnetic radiation, Erik Verlinde, F(R) gravity, Fritz Zwicky, Galaxy cluster, Galaxy formation and evolution, Gravitational constant, Gravitational potential, Gravity, Horace W. Babcock, Hypothesis, Jan Oort, Kent Ford (astronomer), Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Lambda-CDM model, Lick Observatory, List of Hindawi academic journals, List of unsolved problems in physics, Local Interstellar Cloud, Long-slit spectroscopy, Low-surface-brightness galaxy, Luminosity, Mass distribution, Mass-to-light ratio, Matter, Modified Newtonian dynamics, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Mordehai Milgrom, N-body simulation, NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, Navarro–Frenk–White profile, NGC 3115, Nonsymmetric gravitational theory, Oort constants, Paul McRae, Physical cosmology, ..., Plot (graphics), Polar coordinate system, Scalar–tensor–vector gravity, Singular isothermal sphere profile, Spectrograph, Spiral galaxy, Star, Structure formation, Tensor–vector–scalar gravity, The Astronomical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal, Triangulum Galaxy, Tully–Fisher relation, Universe, University of Groningen, Uppsala General Catalogue, Vera Rubin, W. H. Freeman and Company. Expand index (18 more) »

American Astronomical Society

The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC.

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Astronomy & Astrophysics

Astronomy & Astrophysics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering theoretical, observational, and instrumental astronomy and astrophysics.

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Baryon

A baryon is a composite subatomic particle made up of three quarks (a triquark, as distinct from mesons, which are composed of one quark and one antiquark).

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Bulge (astronomy)

In astronomy, a bulge is a tightly packed group of stars within a larger formation.

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Carnegie Institution for Science

The Carnegie Institution of Washington (the organization's legal name), known also for public purposes as the Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS), is an organization in the United States established to fund and perform scientific research.

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Classical mechanics

Classical mechanics describes the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles to parts of machinery, and astronomical objects, such as spacecraft, planets, stars and galaxies.

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Cold dark matter

In cosmology and physics, cold dark matter (CDM) is a hypothetical form of dark matter whose particles moved slowly compared to the speed of light (the cold in CDM) since the universe was approximately one year old (a time when the cosmic particle horizon contained the mass of one typical galaxy); and interact very weakly with ordinary matter and electromagnetic radiation (the dark in CDM).

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Cuspy halo problem

The cuspy halo problem (also known as the core-cusp problem) refers to a discrepancy between the inferred dark matter density profiles of low-mass galaxies and the density profiles predicted by cosmological N-body simulations.

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Dark matter

Dark matter is a theorized form of matter that is thought to account for approximately 80% of the matter in the universe, and about a quarter of its total energy density.

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Dark matter halo

A dark matter halo is a hypothetical component of a galaxy that envelops the galactic disc and extends well beyond the edge of the visible galaxy.

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Disc galaxy

A disc galaxy is a galaxy characterized by a disc, a flattened circular volume of stars.

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Dwarf galaxy

A dwarf galaxy is a small galaxy composed of about 100 million up to several billion stars, a small number compared to the Milky Way's 200–400 billion stars.

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Dwarf galaxy problem

The dwarf galaxy problem, also known as the missing satellites problem, arises from numerical cosmological simulations that predict the evolution of the distribution of matter in the universe.

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Einasto profile

The Einasto profile (or Einasto model) is a mathematical function that describes how the density \rho of a spherical stellar system varies with distance r from its center.

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Electromagnetic radiation

In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.

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Erik Verlinde

Erik Peter Verlinde (born 21 January 1962) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and string theorist.

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F(R) gravity

f(R) gravity is a type of modified gravity theory which generalizes Einstein's general relativity.

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Fritz Zwicky

Fritz Zwicky (February 14, 1898 – February 8, 1974) was a Swiss astronomer.

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Galaxy cluster

A galaxy cluster, or cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity with typical masses ranging from 1014–1015 solar masses.

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Galaxy formation and evolution

The study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies.

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Gravitational constant

The gravitational constant (also known as the "universal gravitational constant", the "Newtonian constant of gravitation", or the "Cavendish gravitational constant"), denoted by the letter, is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity.

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Gravitational potential

In classical mechanics, the gravitational potential at a location is equal to the work (energy transferred) per unit mass that would be needed to move the object from a fixed reference location to the location of the object.

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Gravity

Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.

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Horace W. Babcock

Horace Welcome Babcock (September 13, 1912 – August 29, 2003) was an American astronomer.

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Hypothesis

A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.

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Jan Oort

Jan Hendrik Oort (or; 28 April 1900 – 5 November 1992) was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy.

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Kent Ford (astronomer)

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Kepler's laws of planetary motion

In astronomy, Kepler's laws of planetary motion are three scientific laws describing the motion of planets around the Sun.

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Lambda-CDM model

The ΛCDM (Lambda cold dark matter) or Lambda-CDM model is a parametrization of the Big Bang cosmological model in which the universe contains a cosmological constant, denoted by Lambda (Greek Λ), associated with dark energy, and cold dark matter (abbreviated CDM).

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Lick Observatory

The Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory, owned and operated by the University of California.

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List of Hindawi academic journals

This is a list of academic journals published by Hindawi.

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List of unsolved problems in physics

Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories seem incapable of explaining a certain observed phenomenon or experimental result.

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Local Interstellar Cloud

The Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC), also known as the Local Fluff, is the interstellar cloud roughly across through which the Solar System is currently moving.

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Long-slit spectroscopy

In astronomy, long-slit spectroscopy involves observing an elongated celestial object (such as a nebula or along the major axis of a disc galaxy at high inclination) through an elongated slit aperture, and refracting this light with a prism or diffraction grating.

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Low-surface-brightness galaxy

A low-surface-brightness galaxy, or LSB galaxy, is a diffuse galaxy with a surface brightness that, when viewed from Earth, is at least one magnitude lower than the ambient night sky.

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Luminosity

In astronomy, luminosity is the total amount of energy emitted per unit of time by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object.

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Mass distribution

In physics and mechanics, mass distribution is the spatial distribution of mass within a solid body.

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Mass-to-light ratio

In astrophysics and physical cosmology the mass to light ratio, normally designated with the Greek upsilon symbol \Upsilon, is the quotient between the total mass of a spatial volume (typically on the scales of a galaxy or a cluster) and its luminosity.

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Matter

In the classical physics observed in everyday life, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.

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Modified Newtonian dynamics

Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties of galaxies.

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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.

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Mordehai Milgrom

Mordehai "Moti" Milgrom is an Israeli physicist and professor in the department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel.

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N-body simulation

In physics and astronomy, an N-body simulation is a simulation of a dynamical system of particles, usually under the influence of physical forces, such as gravity (see ''n''-body problem).

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NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database

The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is an on-line astronomical database for astronomers that collates and cross-correlates astronomical information on extragalactic objects (galaxies, quasars, radio, x-ray and infrared sources, etc.). NED was created in the late 1980s by two Pasadena astronomers, George Helou and Barry F. Madore.

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Navarro–Frenk–White profile

The Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile is a spatial mass distribution of dark matter fitted to dark matter halos identified in N-body simulations by Julio Navarro, Carlos Frenk and Simon White.

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NGC 3115

NGC 3115 (also called the Spindle Galaxy or Caldwell 53) is a field lenticular (S0) galaxy in the constellation Sextans.

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Nonsymmetric gravitational theory

In theoretical physics, the nonsymmetric gravitational theory (NGT) of John Moffat is a classical theory of gravitation that tries to explain the observation of the flat rotation curves of galaxies.

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Oort constants

The Oort constants (discovered by Jan Oort) A and B are empirically derived parameters that characterize the local rotational properties of our galaxy, the Milky Way, in the following manner: \begin & A.

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Paul McRae

Paul Edmund McRae (20 October 1924 – 3 November 1992) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada.

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Physical cosmology

Physical cosmology is the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate.

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Plot (graphics)

A plot is a graphical technique for representing a data set, usually as a graph showing the relationship between two or more variables.

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Polar coordinate system

In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction.

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Scalar–tensor–vector gravity

Scalar–tensor–vector gravity (STVG) is a modified theory of gravity developed by John Moffat, a researcher at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario.

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Singular isothermal sphere profile

The singular isothermal sphere (SIS) profile is the simplest parameterization of the spatial distribution of matter in an astronomical system (e.g. galaxies, clusters of galaxies, etc.).

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Spectrograph

A spectrograph is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal using a camera.

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Spiral galaxy

Spiral galaxies form a class of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in his 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae(pp. 124–151) and, as such, form part of the Hubble sequence.

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Star

A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.

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Structure formation

In physical cosmology, structure formation is the formation of galaxies, galaxy clusters and larger structures from small early density fluctuations.

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Tensor–vector–scalar gravity

Tensor–vector–scalar gravity (TeVeS), developed by Jacob Bekenstein in 2004, is a relativistic generalization of Mordehai Milgrom's Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm.

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The Astronomical Journal

The Astronomical Journal (often abbreviated AJ in scientific papers and references) is a peer-reviewed monthly scientific journal owned by the American Astronomical Society and currently published by IOP Publishing.

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The Astrophysical Journal

The Astrophysical Journal, often abbreviated ApJ (pronounced "ap jay") in references and speech, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.

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Triangulum Galaxy

The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum.

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Tully–Fisher relation

lenticular galaxies In astronomy, the Tully–Fisher relation (TFR) is an empirical relationship between the mass or intrinsic luminosity of a spiral galaxy and its angular velocity or emission line width.

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Universe

The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.

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University of Groningen

The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands.

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Uppsala General Catalogue

The Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies (UGC) is a catalogue of 12,921 galaxies visible from the northern hemisphere.

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Vera Rubin

Vera Florence Cooper Rubin (July 23, 1928 – December 25, 2016) was an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates.

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W. H. Freeman and Company

W.

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Redirects here:

Galactic rotation, Galactic rotation curve, Galactic rotation problem, Galactic-rotation problem, Galaxy rotation curves, Galaxy rotation problem, Galaxy-rotation curve, Rotation curve, Rotation curves, Universal Rotation Curve, Universal rotation curve, Velocity curve.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_rotation_curve

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