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Gender policing

Index Gender policing

Gender policing is the imposition or enforcement of normative gender expressions on an individual who is perceived as not adequately performing, through appearance or behavior, the sex that was assigned to them at birth (see gender performativity). [1]

48 relations: Androgyny, C. J. Pascoe, Childhood gender nonconformity, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, Dude, You're a Fag, Eleno de Céspedes, Epithet, Ethnography, Faggot (slang), Gayle Rubin, Gender & Society, Gender binary, Gender expression, Gender mainstreaming, Gender representation in video games, Gender variance, Genderqueer, Hegemonic masculinity, Heteronormativity, Intersectionality, Jack Halberstam, Jacques Lacan, Judith Butler, Karl Marx, Kinship, Levi Strauss, Machismo, Masculinity, Masculism, Michel Foucault, Neurosis, Oedipus complex, Passing (sociology), Patriarchy, Peer group, Phallus, Psychoanalysis, Public policy, SAGE Publications, Sex and gender distinction, Sex assignment, Sigmund Freud, Social construction of gender, Social norm, Sociology of gender, Transfeminine, Transgender, Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer.

Androgyny

Androgyny is the combination of masculine and feminine characteristics.

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C. J. Pascoe

C.J. Pascoe (born June 3, 1974) is an American sociologist and author.

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Childhood gender nonconformity

Childhood gender nonconformity (CGN) is a phenomenon in which prepubescent children do not conform to expected gender-related sociological or psychological patterns, or identify with the opposite sex/gender.

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Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

The Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the United Nations General Assembly.

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Dude, You're a Fag

Dude, You're a Fag: Masculinity and Sexuality in High School is a 2007 book by C. J. Pascoe.

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Eleno de Céspedes

Eleno de Céspedes, also known as Elena de Céspedes was a Spanish surgeon in the 16th century.

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Epithet

An epithet (from ἐπίθετον epitheton, neuter of ἐπίθετος epithetos, "attributed, added") is a byname, or a descriptive term (word or phrase), accompanying or occurring in place of a name and having entered common usage.

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Ethnography

Ethnography (from Greek ἔθνος ethnos "folk, people, nation" and γράφω grapho "I write") is the systematic study of people and cultures.

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Faggot (slang)

Faggot, often shortened to fag, is a pejorative term used chiefly in North America primarily to refer to a gay male.

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Gayle Rubin

Gayle S. Rubin (born 1949) is an American cultural anthropologist best known as an activist and theorist of sex and gender politics.

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Gender & Society

Gender & Society is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research in the field of gender studies.

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Gender binary

The gender binary, also referred to as gender binarism (sometimes shortened to just binarism), is the classification of sex and gender into two distinct, opposite and disconnected forms of masculine and feminine.

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Gender expression

Gender expression are the aspects of a person's behaviour, mannerisms, interests, and appearance that are associated with gender in a particular cultural context, specifically with the categories of femininity or masculinity.

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Gender mainstreaming

Gender mainstreaming is the public policy concept of assessing the different implications for women and men of any planned policy action, including legislation and programmes, in all areas and levels.

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Gender representation in video games

The portrayal of men and women in video games, as in other media, is a subject of research in gender studies and is discussed in the context of sexism in video gaming.

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Gender variance

Gender variance, or gender nonconformity, is behavior or gender expression by an individual that does not match masculine and feminine gender norms.

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Genderqueer

Genderqueer, also known as non-binary, is a catch-all category for gender identities that are not exclusively masculine or feminineidentities which are outside the gender binary and cisnormativity.

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Hegemonic masculinity

In gender studies, hegemonic masculinity is part of R.W. Connell's gender order theory, which recognizes multiple masculinities that vary across time, culture and the individual.

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Heteronormativity

Heteronormativity is the belief that people fall into distinct and complementary genders (male and female) with natural roles in life.

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Intersectionality

Intersectionality is an analytic framework which attempts to identify how interlocking systems of power impact those who are most marginalized in society.

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Jack Halberstam

Jack Halberstam (born December 15, 1961), also known as Judith Halberstam, is a full professor in the Department of English and Comparative Literature and the Institute for Research on Women, Gender, and Sexuality at Columbia University.

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Jacques Lacan

Jacques Marie Émile Lacan (13 April 1901 – 9 September 1981) was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist who has been called "the most controversial psycho-analyst since Freud".

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Judith Butler

Judith Butler FBA (born February 24, 1956) is an American philosopher and gender theorist whose work has influenced political philosophy, ethics and the fields of third-wave feminist, queer and literary theory.

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Karl Marx

Karl MarxThe name "Karl Heinrich Marx", used in various lexicons, is based on an error.

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Kinship

In anthropology, kinship is the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of all humans in all societies, although its exact meanings even within this discipline are often debated.

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Levi Strauss

Levi Strauss (born Löb Strauß,; February 26, 1829 – September 26, 1902) was a German-American businessman who founded the first company to manufacture blue jeans.

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Machismo

Machismo ((from Spanish and Portuguese "macho", male) is the sense of being 'manly' and self-reliant, the concept associated with "a strong sense of masculine pride: an exaggerated masculinity." It is associated with "a man’s responsibility to provide for, protect, and defend his family." In American political usage, William Safire said that it refers to the... "condescension of the swaggering male; the trappings of manliness used to dominate women and keep them 'in their place....'" The word macho has a long history in both Spain and Portugal as well as in Spanish and Portuguese languages. It was originally associated with the ideal societal role men were expected to play in their communities, most particularly, Iberian language-speaking societies and countries. Macho in Portuguese and Spanish is a strictly masculine term, derived from the Latin mascŭlus meaning male (today hombre or varón, c.f. Portuguese homem and now-obsolete for humans varão; macho and varão, in their most common sense, are used for males of non-human animal species). Machos in Iberian-descended cultures are expected to possess and display bravery, courage and strength as well as wisdom and leadership, and ser macho (literally, "to be a macho") was an aspiration for all boys. During the women's liberation movement of the 1960s and 1970s, the term began to be used by Latin American feminists to describe male aggression and violence. The term was used by Latina feminists and scholars to criticize the patriarchal structure of gendered relations in Latino communities. Their goal was to describe a particular Latin American brand of patriarchy.Opazo, R. M (2008). Latino Youth and Machismo: Working Towards a More Complex Understanding of Marginalized Masculinities. Retrieved From Ryerson University Digital Commons Thesis Dissertation Paper 108. http://digitalcommons.ryerson.ca/dissertations/108 The English word "machismo" derives from the identical Spanish and Portuguese word. Portuguese and Spanish machismo refers to the assumption that masculinity is superior to femininity in males, a concept similar to R. W. Connell's hegemonic masculinity.Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. Los Angeles, California, United States: University of California Press Gender roles make an important part of human identity as we conduct our identities through our historical and current social actions. Machismo's attitudes and behaviours may be frowned upon or encouraged at various degrees in various societies or subcultures – albeit it is frequently associated with more patriarchial undertones, primarily in present views on the past.

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Masculinity

Masculinity (manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with boys and men.

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Masculism

Masculism or masculinism may variously refer to advocacy of the rights or needs of men and boys; and the adherence to or promotion of attributes (opinions, values, attitudes, habits) regarded as typical of men and boys.

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Michel Foucault

Paul-Michel Foucault (15 October 1926 – 25 June 1984), generally known as Michel Foucault, was a French philosopher, historian of ideas, social theorist, and literary critic.

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Neurosis

Neurosis is a class of functional mental disorders involving chronic distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations.

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Oedipus complex

The Oedipus complex is a concept of psychoanalytic theory.

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Passing (sociology)

Passing is the ability of a person to be regarded as a member of an identity group or category different from their own, which may include racial identity, ethnicity, caste, social class, sexual orientation, gender, religion, age and/or disability status. Passing may result in privileges, rewards, or an increase in social acceptance,Daniel G. Renfrow, "," Symbolic Interaction, Vol.

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Patriarchy

Patriarchy is a social system in which males hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege and control of property.

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Peer group

In sociology, a peer group is both a social group and a primary group of people who have similar interests (homophily), age, background, or social status.

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Phallus

A phallus is a penis (especially when erect), an object that resembles a penis, or a mimetic image of an erect penis.

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Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis is a set of theories and therapeutic techniques related to the study of the unconscious mind, which together form a method of treatment for mental-health disorders.

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Public policy

Public policy is the principled guide to action taken by the administrative executive branches of the state with regard to a class of issues, in a manner consistent with law and institutional customs.

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SAGE Publications

SAGE Publishing is an independent publishing company founded in 1965 in New York by Sara Miller McCune and now based in California.

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Sex and gender distinction

The distinction between sex and gender differentiates a person's biological sex (the anatomy of an individual's reproductive system, and secondary sex characteristics) from that person's gender, which can refer to either social roles based on the sex of the person (gender role) or personal identification of one's own gender based on an internal awareness (gender identity).

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Sex assignment

Sex assignment (sometimes known as gender assignment) is the determination of an infant's sex at birth.

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Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud (born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.

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Social construction of gender

The social construction of gender is a belief in feminism and sociology about the operation of gender and gender differences in societies.

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Social norm

From a sociological perspective, social norms are informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society.

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Sociology of gender

Sociology of gender is a prominent subfield of sociology.

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Transfeminine

Transfeminine is an umbrella term describing individuals who were assigned male at birth but align more closely with the female side of the gender spectrum.

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Transgender

Transgender people have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex.

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Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer

Since the early 19th century, the western world has adopted a view of male ballet dancers, or danseurs as weak, effeminate or homosexual.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_policing

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