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37 relations: Albert Fert, Antiparallel (electronics), Biosensor, Colossal magnetoresistance, Data storage, Density of states, Drude model, Electrical mobility, Electrical resistance and conductance, Electronic band structure, Fermi level, Ferromagnetism, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fujitsu, Hard disk drive, Magnetic domain, Magnetization, Magnetometer, Magnetoresistance, Magnetoresistive random-access memory, Mean free path, Microelectromechanical systems, Miller index, Molecular beam epitaxy, Multilayer medium, Nature Materials, Nobel Prize in Physics, Oersted, Opto-isolator, Permalloy, Peter Grünberg, Physical Review B, Quantum mechanics, Spin valve, Tantalum, Tunnel magnetoresistance, University of Paris-Sud.
Albert Fert
Albert Fert (born 7 March 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks.
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Antiparallel (electronics)
In electronics, two anti-parallel or inverse-parallel devices are connected in parallel but with their polarities reversed.
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Biosensor
A biosensor is an analytical device, used for the detection of an analyte, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector.
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Colossal magnetoresistance
Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is a property of some materials, mostly manganese-based perovskite oxides, that enables them to dramatically change their electrical resistance in the presence of a magnetic field.
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Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium.
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Density of states
In solid-state and condensed matter physics, the density of states (DOS) of a system describes the number of states per interval of energy at each energy level available to be occupied.
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Drude model
The Drude model of electrical conduction was proposed in 1900 by Paul Drude to explain the transport properties of electrons in materials (especially metals).
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Electrical mobility
Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them.
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Electrical resistance and conductance
The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor.
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Electronic band structure
In solid-state physics, the electronic band structure (or simply band structure) of a solid describes the range of energies that an electron within the solid may have (called energy bands, allowed bands, or simply bands) and ranges of energy that it may not have (called band gaps or forbidden bands).
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Fermi level
The Fermi level chemical potential for electrons (or electrochemical potential for electrons), usually denoted by µ or EF, of a body is a thermodynamic quantity, whose significance is the thermodynamic work required to add one electron to the body (not counting the work required to remove the electron from wherever it came from).
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Ferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets.
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Forschungszentrum Jülich
Forschungszentrum Jülich ("Jülich Research Centre") is a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres and is one of the largest interdisciplinary research centres in Europe.
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Fujitsu
is a Japanese multinational information technology equipment and services company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
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Hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is an electromechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.
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Magnetic domain
A magnetic domain is a region within a magnetic material in which the magnetization is in a uniform direction.
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Magnetization
In classical electromagnetism, magnetization or magnetic polarization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material.
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Magnetometer
A magnetometer is an instrument that measures magnetism—either the magnetization of a magnetic material like a ferromagnet, or the direction, strength, or relative change of a magnetic field at a particular location.
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Magnetoresistance
Magnetoresistance is the tendency of a material (preferably ferromagnetic) to change the value of its electrical resistance in an externally-applied magnetic field.
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Magnetoresistive random-access memory
Magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) is a non-volatile random-access memory technology available today that began its development in mid-1980s.
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Mean free path
In physics, the mean free path is the average distance traveled by a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, a photon) between successive impacts (collisions), which modify its direction or energy or other particle properties.
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Microelectromechanical systems
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS, also written as micro-electro-mechanical, MicroElectroMechanical or microelectronic and microelectromechanical systems and the related micromechatronics) is the technology of microscopic devices, particularly those with moving parts.
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Miller index
Miller indices form a notation system in crystallography for planes in crystal (Bravais) lattices.
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Molecular beam epitaxy
Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is an epitaxy method for thin-film deposition of single crystals.
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Multilayer medium
In the physical sciences, a multilayer or stratified medium is a stack of different thin films.
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Nature Materials
Nature Materials, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group.
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Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.
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Oersted
The oersted (symbol Oe) is the unit of the auxiliary magnetic field '''H''' in the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS).
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Opto-isolator
In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light.
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Permalloy
Permalloy is a nickel–iron magnetic alloy, with about 80% nickel and 20% iron content.
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Peter Grünberg
Peter Andreas Grünberg (18 May 1939 – 7 April 2018) was a German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Albert Fert of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disk drives.
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Physical Review B
Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (also known as PRB) is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal, published by the American Physical Society (APS).
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Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.
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Spin valve
A spin valve is a device, consisting of two or more conducting magnetic materials, whose electrical resistance can change between two values depending on the relative alignment of the magnetization in the layers.
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Tantalum
Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73.
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Tunnel magnetoresistance
Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is a magnetoresistive effect that occurs in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), which is a component consisting of two ferromagnets separated by a thin insulator.
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University of Paris-Sud
University of Paris-Sud (French: Université Paris-Sud), also known as University of Paris XI, is a French university distributed among several campuses in the southern suburbs of Paris including Orsay, Cachan, Châtenay-Malabry, Sceaux and Kremlin-Bicêtre campuses.
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GMR (physics), Giant Magneto Resistance, Giant Magneto-Resistance, Giant Magnetoresistance, Giant magnetoresistive, Giant magnetoresistive effect, Magnetocouplers.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_magnetoresistance
