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20 relations: Afimoxifene, Agonist, Cell surface receptor, ER-X, ERx, Estradiol, Estrogen receptor, Fulvestrant, G protein–coupled receptor, GPER, Gq alpha subunit, Homeostasis, Hypothalamus, Ligand (biochemistry), Membrane estrogen receptor, Nonsteroidal, Phospholipase C, Protein kinase A, Protein kinase C, Receptor antagonist.
Afimoxifene
Afimoxifene, also known as 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT, 4-HT, OHTAM, others), is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of the triphenylethylene group and the major active metabolite of tamoxifen.
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Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response.
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Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the membranes of cells.
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ER-X
ER-X is a membrane-associated receptor that is bound and activated by 17α-estradiol and 17β-estradiol and is a putative membrane estrogen receptor (mER).
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ERx
ERx is a putative membrane estrogen receptor (mER) of which little is currently known.
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Estradiol
Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone.
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Estrogen receptor
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are a group of proteins found inside cells.
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Fulvestrant
Fulvestrant, sold under the brand name Faslodex among others, is a medication used to treat hormone receptor (HR)-positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression as well as HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer in combination with palbociclib in women with disease progression after endocrine therapy.
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G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate internal signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses.
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GPER
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPER gene.
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Gq alpha subunit
Gq protein (Gαq, or Gq/11) is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that activates phospholipase C (PLC).
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the tendency of organisms to auto-regulate and maintain their internal environment in a stable state.
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Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus(from Greek ὑπό, "under" and θάλαμος, thalamus) is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions.
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Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.
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Membrane estrogen receptor
Membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) are a group of receptors which bind estrogen.
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Nonsteroidal
Nonsteroidal is a term which is used to describe a compound that is not a steroid.
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Phospholipase C
Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure).
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Protein kinase A
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKANot to be confused with pKa, the symbol for the acid dissociation constant.) is a family of enzymes whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
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Protein kinase C
Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family.
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Receptor antagonist
A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist.
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Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor.
