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Gramicidin

Index Gramicidin

Gramicidin is a heterogeneous mixture of three antibiotic compounds, gramicidins A, B and C, making up 80%, 6%, and 14%, respectively, all of which are obtained from the soil bacterial species Bacillus brevis and called collectively gramicidin D. Gramicidin D contains linear pentadecapeptides, that is chains made up of 15 amino acids. [1]

34 relations: Active transport, Amino acid, Bacilli, Bacitracin/polymyxin B, Bacteria, Bactericide, Beta helix, Brevibacillus brevis, Cytoplasm, Epithelium, Extracellular, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Gramicidin S, Hemolysis, Inorganic compound, Ion, Isoleucine, Lipid bilayer, Micelle, Neisseria, Nonactin, Peptide, Phenylalanine, Protein dimer, René Dubos, Solvation shell, Stereochemistry, Tryptophan, Tyrocidine, Tyrosine, Valence (chemistry), Valine, Valinomycin.

Active transport

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration—in the direction against the concentration gradient.

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Amino acid

Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.

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Bacilli

Bacilli refers to a taxonomic class of bacteria.

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Bacitracin/polymyxin B

Bacitracin/polymyxin B (trade name Polysporin among others) is a topical antibiotic cream or ointment.

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Bacteria

Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.

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Bactericide

A bactericide or bacteriocide, sometimes abbreviated Bcidal, is a substance that kills bacteria.

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Beta helix

A beta helix is a protein structure formed by the association of parallel beta strands in a helical pattern with either two or three faces.

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Brevibacillus brevis

Brevibacillus brevis is a Gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming bacillus commonly found in soil, air, water, and decaying matter.

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Cytoplasm

In cell biology, the cytoplasm is the material within a living cell, excluding the cell nucleus.

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Epithelium

Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.

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Extracellular

In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word extracellular (or sometimes extracellular space) means "outside the cell".

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Gram-negative bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the gram-staining method of bacterial differentiation.

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Gram-positive bacteria

Gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their cell wall.

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Gramicidin S

Gramicidin S or Gramicidin Soviet is an antibiotic that is effective against some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some fungi.

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Hemolysis

Hemolysis or haemolysis, also known by several other names, is the rupturing (lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma).

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Inorganic compound

An inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks C-H bonds, that is, a compound that is not an organic compound, but the distinction is not defined or even of particular interest.

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Ion

An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).

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Isoleucine

Isoleucine (symbol Ile or I) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Lipid bilayer

The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.

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Micelle

A micelle or micella (plural micelles or micellae, respectively) is an aggregate (or supramolecular assembly) of surfactant molecules dispersed in a liquid colloid.

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Neisseria

Neisseria is a large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucosal surfaces of many animals.

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Nonactin

Nonactin is a member of a family of naturally occurring cyclic ionophores known as the macrotetrolide antibiotics.

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Peptide

Peptides (from Gr.: πεπτός, peptós "digested"; derived from πέσσειν, péssein "to digest") are short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide (amide) bonds.

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Phenylalanine

Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an α-amino acid with the formula.

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Protein dimer

In biochemistry, a protein dimer is a macromolecular complex formed by two protein monomers, or single proteins, which are usually non-covalently bound.

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René Dubos

René Jules Dubos (February 20, 1901 – February 20, 1982) was a French-born American microbiologist, experimental pathologist, environmentalist, humanist, and winner of the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for his book So Human An Animal.

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Solvation shell

A solvation shell is the solvent interface of any chemical compound or biomolecule that constitutes the solute.

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Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation.

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Tryptophan

Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Tyrocidine

Tyrocidine is a mixture of cyclic decapeptides produced by the bacteria Bacillus brevis found in soil.

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Tyrosine

Tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins.

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Valence (chemistry)

In chemistry, the valence or valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules.

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Valine

Valine (symbol Val or V) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Valinomycin

Valinomycin is a naturally occurring dodecadepsipeptide used in the transport of potassium and as an antibiotic.

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Redirects here:

ATC code R02AB30, ATCvet code QR02AB30, Bafucin, Gramicidin A, Gramicidin C, Gramicidin D, Kenacombin.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramicidin

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