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Harmonic series (music)

Index Harmonic series (music)

A harmonic series is the sequence of sounds—pure tones, represented by sinusoidal waves—in which the frequency of each sound is an integer multiple of the fundamental, the lowest frequency. [1]

73 relations: Amplitude, Arithmetic progression, Bore (wind instruments), Brass instrument, Cent (music), Clarinet, Combination tone, Cone, Consonance and dissonance, Cylinder, David Cope, Equal temperament, Formant, Fourier analysis, Fourier series, Fundamental frequency, Geometric progression, Harmonic, Harmonic series (mathematics), Hertz, Inharmonicity, Integer, Ionian mode, John R. Pierce, Just intonation, Just-noticeable difference, Klang (music), Lesiba, Lipps–Meyer law, Major third, Marimba, Marin Mersenne, Martha Goodway, Minor third, Missing fundamental, Mixolydian mode, Mouthpiece (woodwind), Musical instrument, Noise, Normal mode, Octave, Otonality and Utonality, Overtone, Paul Hindemith, Percussion instrument, Perfect fifth, Perfect fourth, Phase (waves), Piano, Piano acoustics, ..., Pitch (music), Reed (mouthpiece), Resonance, Resonator, Saxophone, Scale of harmonics, Semitone, Sine wave, Sound, Standing bell, Standing wave, Stretched tuning, Synthesizer, Timbre, Timpani, Transient (acoustics), Tritone, Tubular bells, Undertone series, Vibraphone, Vibration, Wave, Western world. Expand index (23 more) »

Amplitude

The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change over a single period (such as time or spatial period).

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Arithmetic progression

In mathematics, an arithmetic progression (AP) or arithmetic sequence is a sequence of numbers such that the difference between the consecutive terms is constant.

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Bore (wind instruments)

In music, the bore of a wind instrument (including woodwind and brass) is its interior chamber.

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Brass instrument

A brass instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound by sympathetic vibration of air in a tubular resonator in sympathy with the vibration of the player's lips.

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Cent (music)

The cent is a logarithmic unit of measure used for musical intervals.

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Clarinet

The clarinet is a musical-instrument family belonging to the group known as the woodwind instruments.

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Combination tone

A combination tone (also called resultant or subjective tone"", Britannica.com. Accessed September 2015.) is a psychoacoustic phenomenon of an additional tone or tones that are artificially perceived when two real tones are sounded at the same time.

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Cone

A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex.

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Consonance and dissonance

In music, consonance and dissonance are categorizations of simultaneous or successive sounds.

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Cylinder

A cylinder (from Greek κύλινδρος – kulindros, "roller, tumbler"), has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes.

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David Cope

David Cope (born May 17, 1941 in San Francisco, California) is an American author, composer, scientist, and former professor of music at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

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Equal temperament

An equal temperament is a musical temperament, or a system of tuning, in which the frequency interval between every pair of adjacent notes has the same ratio.

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Formant

A formant, as defined by James Jeans, is a harmonic of a note that is augmented by a resonance.

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Fourier analysis

In mathematics, Fourier analysis is the study of the way general functions may be represented or approximated by sums of simpler trigonometric functions.

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Fourier series

In mathematics, a Fourier series is a way to represent a function as the sum of simple sine waves.

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Fundamental frequency

The fundamental frequency, often referred to simply as the fundamental, is defined as the lowest frequency of a periodic waveform.

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Geometric progression

In mathematics, a geometric progression, also known as a geometric sequence, is a sequence of numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio.

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Harmonic

A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series, a divergent infinite series.

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Harmonic series (mathematics)

In mathematics, the harmonic series is the divergent infinite series: Its name derives from the concept of overtones, or harmonics in music: the wavelengths of the overtones of a vibrating string are,,, etc., of the string's fundamental wavelength.

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Hertz

The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.

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Inharmonicity

In music, inharmonicity is the degree to which the frequencies of overtones (also known as partials or partial tones) depart from whole multiples of the fundamental frequency (harmonic series).

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Integer

An integer (from the Latin ''integer'' meaning "whole")Integer 's first literal meaning in Latin is "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch").

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Ionian mode

Ionian mode is a musical mode or, in modern usage, a diatonic scale also called the major scale.

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John R. Pierce

John Robinson Pierce (March 27, 1910 – April 2, 2002), was an American engineer and author.

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Just intonation

In music, just intonation (sometimes abbreviated as JI) or pure intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by ratios of small whole numbers.

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Just-noticeable difference

In the branch of experimental psychology focused on sense, sensation, and perception, which is called psychophysics, a just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time (absolute threshold).

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Klang (music)

In music, klang (also "clang") is a term sometimes used to translate the German Klang, a highly polysemic word.

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Lesiba

The lesiba (term adopted in Sotho), and gora or goura (Khoisan, for a type of bird,Levine, L. (2005). The Drum Cafe's Traditional Music of South Africa, p.115. Jacana Media.. term adopted by the Xhosa and Zulu),Afọlayan (2004), p.234.

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Lipps–Meyer law

The Lipps–Meyer law, named for Theodor Lipps (1851–1914) and Max Friedrich Meyer (1873–1967), hypothesizes that the closure of melodic intervals is determined by "whether or not the end tone of the interval can be represented by the number two or a power of two", in the frequency ratio between notes (see octave).

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Major third

In classical music from Western culture, a third is a musical interval encompassing three staff positions (see Interval number for more details), and the major third is a third spanning four semitones.

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Marimba

The marimba is a percussion instrument consisting of a set of wooden bars struck with mallets called knobs to produce musical tones.

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Marin Mersenne

Marin Mersenne, Marin Mersennus or le Père Mersenne (8 September 1588 – 1 September 1648) was a French polymath, whose works touched a wide variety of fields.

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Martha Goodway

Martha Goodway is an American metallurgist, specializing in archaeometallurgy, the study of traditional techniques of mining, smelting, and working metals; and an expert in the use of metals in historical harpsichords.

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Minor third

In the music theory of Western culture, a minor third is a musical interval that encompasses three half steps, or semitones.

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Missing fundamental

A harmonic sound is said to have a missing fundamental, suppressed fundamental, or phantom fundamental when its overtones suggest a fundamental frequency but the sound lacks a component at the fundamental frequency itself.

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Mixolydian mode

Mixolydian mode may refer to one of three things: the name applied to one of the ancient Greek harmoniai or tonoi, based on a particular octave species or scale; one of the medieval church modes; a modern musical mode or diatonic scale, related to the medieval mode.

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Mouthpiece (woodwind)

The mouthpiece of a woodwind instrument is that part of the instrument which is placed partly in the player's mouth.

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Musical instrument

A musical instrument is an instrument created or adapted to make musical sounds.

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Noise

Noise is unwanted sound judged to be unpleasant, loud or disruptive to hearing.

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Normal mode

A normal mode of an oscillating system is a pattern of motion in which all parts of the system move sinusoidally with the same frequency and with a fixed phase relation.

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Octave

In music, an octave (octavus: eighth) or perfect octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with half or double its frequency.

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Otonality and Utonality

Otonality and utonality are terms introduced by Harry Partch to describe chords whose pitch classes are the harmonics or subharmonics of a given fixed tone (identity), respectively.

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Overtone

An overtone is any frequency greater than the fundamental frequency of a sound.

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Paul Hindemith

Paul Hindemith (16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a prolific German composer, violist, violinist, teacher and conductor.

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Percussion instrument

A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater (including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles); struck, scraped or rubbed by hand; or struck against another similar instrument.

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Perfect fifth

In music theory, a perfect fifth is the musical interval corresponding to a pair of pitches with a frequency ratio of 3:2, or very nearly so.

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Perfect fourth

In classical music from Western culture, a fourth spans exactly four letter names (staff positions), while a perfect fourth (harmonic series) always involves the same interval, regardless of key (sharps and flats) between letters. A perfect fourth is the relationship between the third and fourth harmonics, sounding neither major nor minor, but consonant with an unstable quality (additive synthesis). In the key of C, the notes C and F constitute a perfect fourth relationship, as they're separated by four semitones (C, C#, D, D#, E, F). Up until the late 19th century, the perfect fourth was often called by its Greek name, diatessaron. A perfect fourth in just intonation corresponds to a pitch ratio of 4:3, or about 498 cents, while in equal temperament a perfect fourth is equal to five semitones, or 500 cents. The perfect fourth is a perfect interval like the unison, octave, and perfect fifth, and it is a sensory consonance. In common practice harmony, however, it is considered a stylistic dissonance in certain contexts, namely in two-voice textures and whenever it appears above the bass. If the bass note also happens to be the chord's root, the interval's upper note almost always temporarily displaces the third of any chord, and, in the terminology used in popular music, is then called a suspended fourth. Conventionally, adjacent strings of the double bass and of the bass guitar are a perfect fourth apart when unstopped, as are all pairs but one of adjacent guitar strings under standard guitar tuning. Sets of tom-tom drums are also commonly tuned in perfect fourths. The 4:3 just perfect fourth arises in the C major scale between G and C.

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Phase (waves)

Phase is the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle.

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Piano

The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.

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Piano acoustics

Piano acoustics are the physical properties of the piano that affect its sound.

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Pitch (music)

Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.

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Reed (mouthpiece)

A reed is a thin strip of material which vibrates to produce a sound on a musical instrument.

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Resonance

In physics, resonance is a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at specific frequencies.

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Resonator

A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance or resonant behavior, that is, it naturally oscillates at some frequencies, called its resonant frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others.

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Saxophone

The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments.

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Scale of harmonics

The scale of harmonics is a musical scale based on the noded positions of the natural harmonics existing on a string.

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Semitone

A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone, is the smallest musical interval commonly used in Western tonal music, and it is considered the most dissonant when sounded harmonically.

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Sine wave

A sine wave or sinusoid is a mathematical curve that describes a smooth periodic oscillation.

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Sound

In physics, sound is a vibration that typically propagates as an audible wave of pressure, through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.

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Standing bell

A standing bell or resting bell is an inverted bell, supported from below with the rim uppermost.

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Standing wave

In physics, a standing wave – also known as a stationary wave – is a wave which oscillates in time but whose peak amplitude profile does not move in space.

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Stretched tuning

Stretched tuning is a detail of musical tuning, applied to wire-stringed musical instruments, older, non-digital electric pianos (such as the Fender Rhodes piano and Wurlitzer electric piano), and some sample-based synthesizers based on these instruments, to accommodate the natural inharmonicity of their vibrating elements.

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Synthesizer

A synthesizer (often abbreviated as synth, also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates electric signals that are converted to sound through instrument amplifiers and loudspeakers or headphones.

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Timbre

In music, timbre (also known as tone color or tone quality from psychoacoustics) is the perceived sound quality of a musical note, sound or tone.

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Timpani

Timpani or kettledrums (also informally called timps) are musical instruments in the percussion family.

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Transient (acoustics)

In acoustics and audio, a transient is a high amplitude, short-duration sound at the beginning of a waveform that occurs in phenomena such as musical sounds, noises or speech.

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Tritone

In music theory, the tritone is defined as a musical interval composed of three adjacent whole tones.

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Tubular bells

Tubular bells (also known as chimes) are musical instruments in the percussion family.

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Undertone series

In music, the undertone series or subharmonic series is a sequence of notes that results from inverting the intervals of the overtone series.

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Vibraphone

The vibraphone (also known as the vibraharp or simply the vibes) is a musical instrument in the struck idiophone subfamily of the percussion family.

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Vibration

Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium point.

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Wave

In physics, a wave is a disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space, with little or no associated mass transport.

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Western world

The Western world refers to various nations depending on the context, most often including at least part of Europe and the Americas.

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21st harmonic, Audio spectrum, Harmonic (music), Harmonic (musical), Harmonic music, Music harmonic, Musical harmonic, Natural scale (Harmonic series in music), Overtone series, Partial (music), Sound spectrum, Spectrum (music), Twenty-first harmonic, Zonic Spectrum.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_series_(music)

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