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37 relations: Academy of Persian Language and Literature, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ali Khamenei, Ali Shariatmadari, Assembly of Experts for Constitution, Council of the Islamic Revolution, Esmail Shooshtari, Executives of Construction Party, Expediency Discernment Council, Freedom Movement of Iran, Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist, Iran, Iranian Cultural Revolution, Iranian presidential election, 1980, Iranian Revolution, Islam, Islamic Consultative Assembly, Islamic Republican Party, Jalaleddin Farsi, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Mehdi Bazargan, Ministry of Justice (Iran), Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran), Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Mohammad Beheshti, Mohammad Khatami, Mohammad Reza Aref, Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Order of Independence (Iran), Paris, Politics of Iran, President of Iran, Ruhollah Khomeini, Tasnim News Agency, Tehran, Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr (electoral district), Vice President of Iran.
Academy of Persian Language and Literature
The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (acronym: APLL) (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی) is the official regulatory body of the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran.
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Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (Akbar Hāshemī Rafsanjānī or Hashemi Bahramani; 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an influential Iranian politician, writer and one of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic who was the fourth President of Iran from 3 August 1989 until 3 August 1997.
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Ali Khamenei
Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei (سید علی حسینی خامنهای,; born 17 July 1939) is a ''marja'' and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
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Ali Shariatmadari
Ali Shariatmadari (1924 – 9 January 2017) was an Iranian academic and educationist who was Minister of Culture in the interim government of Mehdi Bazargan in 1979.
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Assembly of Experts for Constitution
Assembly of Experts for Constitution (مجلس خبرگان قانون اساسی), also translated the Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution (AFRC), was a constituent assembly in Iran, elected in the summer of 1979 to write a new constitution for the Islamic Republic Government.
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Council of the Islamic Revolution
The Council of the Islamic Revolution (Šūrā-ye enqelāb-e eslāmī) was a group formed by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini to manage the Iranian Revolution on 10 January 1979, shortly before he returned to Iran.
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Esmail Shooshtari
Esmail Shooshtari (born 1949 in Quchan, Khorasan province) was the Minister of Justice of the Islamic Republic of Iran for 1997-2005.
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Executives of Construction Party
The Executives of Construction of Iran Party (حزب کارگزاران سازندگی ایران) is a reformist political party in Iran, founded by 16 members of the cabinet of the then President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in 1996.
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Expediency Discernment Council
The Expediency Discernment Council of the System (مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام Majma' Taškhīs Maṣlaḥat Nezām) is an administrative assembly appointed by the Supreme Leader and was created upon the revision to the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran on 6 February 1988.
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Freedom Movement of Iran
The Freedom Movement of Iran (FMI) or Liberation Movement of Iran (LMI; Nahżat-e āzādi-e Irān) is an Iranian pro-democracy political organization which was founded in 1961, by members describing themselves as "Muslims, Iranians, Constitutionalists and Mossadeghists".
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Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist
The Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist, also called the Governance of the Jurist (ولایت فقیه, Vilayat-e Faqih; ولاية الفقيه, Wilayat al-Faqih), is a post-Age-of-Occultation theory in Shia Islam which holds that Islam gives a faqīh (Islamic jurist) custodianship over people.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iranian Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution (1980–1983) (انقلاب فرهنگی.) was a period following the Iranian Revolution, when the academia of Iran was purged of Western and non-Islamic influences (even traditionalist unpolitical Islamic doctrines) to bring it in line with the revolutionary and Political Islam.
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Iranian presidential election, 1980
The First Iranian presidential election was held on January 25, 1980, one year after the Iranian Revolution when the Council of Islamic Revolution was in power.
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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (Enqelāb-e Iran; also known as the Islamic Revolution or the 1979 Revolution), Iran Chamber.
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Islam
IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).
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Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majlis (or Majles, مجلس), is the national legislative body of Iran.
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Islamic Republican Party
The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated Islamic Republic Party) formed in mid-1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini establish theocracy in Iran.
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Jalaleddin Farsi
Jaleleddin Farsi (جلالالدین فارسی) was an Iranian politician who served as a member of the parliament from 1984 to 1988.
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Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (Mahmūd Ahmadinezhād, born Mahmoud Sabbaghian (Sabbāghyān) on 28 October 1956) is an Iranian politician who was the sixth President of Iran from 2005 to 2013.
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Mehdi Bazargan
Mehdi Bazargan (مهدی بازرگان; 1 September 1907 – 20 January 1995) was an Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government, making him Iran's first prime minister after the Iranian Revolution of 1979.
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Ministry of Justice (Iran)
Established in 1906, the Minister of Justice is responsible for prosecuting government cases.
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Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran)
The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) is the government ministry of science, research and technology in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Mir-Hossein Mousavi
Mir-Hossein Mousavi Khameneh (Mīr-Hoseyn Mūsavī Khāmené,; born 2 March 1942) is an Iranian reformist politician, artist and architect who served as the seventy-ninth and last Prime Minister of Iran from 1981 to 1989.
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Mohammad Beheshti
Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti (سیّد محمد حسینی بهشتی; 24 October 1928 – 28 June 1981) was an Iranian jurist, philosopher, cleric and politician who was known as the second person in the political hierarchy of Iran after the revolution.
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Mohammad Khatami
Seyyed Mohammad Khatami (سید محمد خاتمی,; born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian scholar, Shia theologian, and reformist politician.
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Mohammad Reza Aref
Mohammad Reza Aref (محمدرضا عارف, born 19 December 1951) is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who is currently parliamentary leader of reformists' Hope fraction in the Iranian Parliament, representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr.
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Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Mohammad-Ali Rajai (محمدعلی رجائی; 15 June 1933 – 30 August 1981) was the second President of Iran from 2 to 30 August 1981 after serving as prime minister under Abolhassan Banisadr.
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Order of Independence (Iran)
The Excellent Order of Independence (نشان عالی استقلال) is an Iranian state order to recognize "taking important offices and playing a key role in achieving high goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran with all–lateral effort in enlightening positions, distinguished innovations to reach self–sufficiency and independence in different aspects, saving the government from potential threats, helping global proliferation of Islamic revolution principles and other valuable services in critical and decisive periods of time".
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Politics of Iran
The politics of Iran take place in a framework of a theocracy in a format of syncretic politics that is guided by Islamic ideology.
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President of Iran
The President of Iran (Persian: رییسجمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Ruhollah Khomeini
Sayyid Ruhollah Mūsavi Khomeini (سید روحالله موسوی خمینی; 24 September 1902 – 3 June 1989), known in the Western world as Ayatollah Khomeini, was an Iranian Shia Islam religious leader and politician.
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Tasnim News Agency
Tasnim News Agency is a private news agency in Iran launched in 2012.
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Tehran
Tehran (تهران) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province.
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Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr (electoral district)
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr (تهران، ری، شمیرانات و اسلامشهر) is a constituency for the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
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Vice President of Iran
The Vice President of Iran (معاون ریاست جمهوری اسلامی ایران) is defined by article 124 of the Constitution of Iran, as anyone appointed by the President of Iran to lead an organization related to Presidential affairs.
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Redirects here:
Hasan Ebrahim Habeebee, Hasan Habibi, Hassan Ebrahim Habibi, Hassan Ibrahim Habibi.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassan_Habibi
