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Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

Index Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, (20 October 1784 – 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister in the mid-19th century. [1]

408 relations: A. J. P. Taylor, Abolitionism in the United Kingdom, Abraham Lincoln, Acre, Israel, Adam Ferguson, Adam Smith, Admiral (Royal Navy), Admiralty, Adolphe Thiers, Alabama Claims, Albert, Prince Consort, Alexander II of Russia, Alexis de Tocqueville, Alternate history, American Civil War, Anglo-Irish people, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, Appeasement, Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, Armand Marrast, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Augustus Clifford, Austrian Empire, Barney Gumble, Baron Mount Temple, Baronet, Battle of Balaclava, Battle of Copenhagen (1807), Battle of Nezib, Beirut, Belfast, Belgian Revolution, Belgium, Belligerent, Benjamin Disraeli, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Birkenhead, Black Sea, Bletchingley (UK Parliament constituency), Bosporus, Bourbon Restoration, British anti-invasion preparations of 1803–05, British nationalism, British people, Broadlands, Brocket Hall, C. S. Forester, Cambridge House, Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency), Canningite, ..., Canton System, Carlism, Catholic emancipation, Cecil Bisshopp, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Charge of the Light Brigade, Charles Albert of Sardinia, Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning, Charles de Brouckère, Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg, Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Charles Pelham Villiers, Charles Rogier, Charles Tennyson d'Eyncourt, Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, Chief Secretary for Ireland, Christian Zionism, Church of England, Circassia, Civis romanus sum, Classiebawn Castle, Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde, Companies Act 1862, Confederate States of America, Congress of Paris (1856), Congress Poland, Convention of London (1840), County Sligo, Crimean War, Criminal Law Consolidation Acts 1861, CSS Alabama, Dardanelles, Dartmouth Park, Darwin, Northern Territory, David Pacifico, David Urquhart, Derby, Don Carlos, Dublin, Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby, Dugald Stewart, East India Company, East Sheen, Edmund Burke, Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons, Edward Baines (1800–1890), Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell, Edward Seymour, 12th Duke of Somerset, Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley, Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–33), Eider (river), Emancipation Proclamation, Emily Temple, Viscountess Palmerston, Estate (land), Evelyn Ashley, F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Factory Acts, Fagging, Felice Orsini, Felony, Fenian, Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies, Filibuster, First Battle of Bull Run, First Commissioner of Works, First Lord of the Admiralty, First Lord of the Treasury, First Opium War, Flashman in the Great Game, Florence Nightingale, Flying Colours (novel), Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie, François Guizot, France, French Constitution of 1848, George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, George Canning, George Cornewall Lewis, George Denman, George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton, George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, George IV of the United Kingdom, George Peabody Gooch, George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon, George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon, Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto, Glorious Revolution, Government of India Act 1858, Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville, Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville, Greek War of Independence, Gunboat diplomacy, Harrow School, Harry Flashman, Harry Potter, Harry Smith Parkes, Henry Bulwer, 1st Baron Dalling and Bulwer, Henry Combe Compton, Henry Goulburn, Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey, Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton, Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne, Henry Pottinger, Henry Temple, 2nd Viscount Palmerston, Hertfordshire, History of Spain (1810–73), HM Prison Parkhurst, Home Secretary, Homer at the Bat, Hong Kong, Horatio Hornblower, Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, Horsham (UK Parliament constituency), House of Commons of the United Kingdom, Hungary, Independent Irish Party, India, Indian Rebellion of 1857, Interventionism (politics), Ireland, Isaac Corry, Isaac Newton, Isabella II of Spain, Istanbul, Italy, J. K. Rowling, James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury, Jan Smuts, Jasper Ridley, John Arthur Roebuck, John Bright, John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell, John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll, John Charles Herries, John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst, John Heathcoat, John Inglis, Lord Glencorse, John Phillip, John Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Ponsonby, John Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough, John Ponsonby, 5th Earl of Bessborough, John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer, John Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley, John Willis Fleming, John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley, Jonathan Peel, Kiel, Kingdom of Portugal, Kingdom of Prussia, Kingdom of Sardinia, Lajos Kossuth, Leader of the House of Commons, Leader of the House of Lords, Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom), Leaders of the British Whig Party, Leopold I of Belgium, Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Wars, List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by age, List of senior members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, London Conference of 1830, London Conference of 1864, London Straits Convention, Lord Chancellor, Lord Dudley Stuart, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, Louis Philippe I, Mahmud II, Maine, Maria II of Portugal, Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin), Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, Matthew Talbot Baines, Mayfair, Middlesex, Miguel I of Portugal, Ministry of Magic, Minnesota, Mission of the Vixen, Moldavia, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Naples, Napoleon, Napoleon III, Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom, New Brunswick, New Zealand, Newport (Isle of Wight) (UK Parliament constituency), Nicholas Conyngham Tindal, North Island, November Uprising, Offences Against the Person Act 1861, Order of the Garter, Orsini affair, Otto von Bismarck, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Syria, Palmerston Boulevard, Palmerston Forts, Palmerston Island, Palmerston North, Palmerston, New Zealand, Palmerston, Northern Territory, Palmerston, Ontario, Paris, Parliament Square, Peelite, Peerage of England, Peerage of Great Britain, Peerage of Ireland, Peerage of Scotland, Peerage of the United Kingdom, Piccadilly, Poor Law Board, Portsmouth, Postmaster General of the United Kingdom, Pottermore, Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, President of the Board of Control, President of the Board of Trade, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg, Province of Canada, Queen Victoria, Radicals (UK), Rathmines, Rector of the University of Glasgow, Reform Act 1832, Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury, Richard Cobden, Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, Robert Conroy, Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden, Robert Peel, Robert Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth, Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Robert Vernon, 1st Baron Lyveden, Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, Romsey, Romsey Abbey, Rotten and pocket boroughs, Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom, Royal Navy Dockyard, Russian Empire, Schleswig-Holstein Question, Second Italian War of Independence, Second Opium War, Second Schleswig War, Secretary at War, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Secretary of State for India, Secretary of State for the Colonies, Secretary of State for War, Self-determination, Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea, Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55), Sir George Grey, 2nd Baronet, Sir George Staunton, 2nd Baronet, Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet, Sir John Doyle, 1st Baronet, Sir John Walrond, 1st Baronet, Sir William Molesworth, 8th Baronet, Skyfall, Solitary confinement, South Hampshire (UK Parliament constituency), South Island, Southampton, Southsea, Spain, Spencer Horatio Walpole, Spencer Perceval, St John's College, Cambridge, State funeral, Sublime Porte, Taiping Rebellion, Tasmania, The Right Honourable, The Simpsons, The Times, Thirteen Factories, Thomas Barnes (journalist), Thomas Chisholm Anstey, Thomas Hyde Villiers, Thomas Milner Gibson, Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester, Thomas Woolner, Tiverton (UK Parliament constituency), Tiverton, Devon, Tories (British political party), Toronto, Townhouse (Great Britain), Treaties of Tilsit, Treaty of Constantinople (1832), Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi, Treaty of Nanking, Treaty of Paris (1856), Treaty of Utrecht, Treaty ports, Trent Affair, Truck Acts, Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, Union (American Civil War), United Kingdom general election, 1806, United Kingdom general election, 1807, United Kingdom general election, 1857, United Kingdom general election, 1859, United Kingdom general election, 1865, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom of the Netherlands, United States, United States Secretary of State, University of Edinburgh, Vaccination Act, Vicary Gibbs, Vienna, Viscount, Viscount Palmerston, Wade Boggs, Wallachia, Walthamstow, Webster–Ashburton Treaty, West End, Edinburgh, Westminster, Westminster Abbey, Whigs (British political party), William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire, William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, William Cowper-Temple, 1st Baron Mount Temple, William Ewart Gladstone, William H. Seward, William Henry Gregory, William Huskisson, William I of the Netherlands, William John Bankes, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, William Napier, 9th Lord Napier, William Pitt the Younger, William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, William Yates Peel, Winston Churchill, Ye Mingchen, Young Ireland, Zhoushan, 10 Downing Street, 1862 (novel). Expand index (358 more) »

A. J. P. Taylor

Alan John Percivale Taylor (25 March 1906 – 7 September 1990) was an English historian who specialised in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy.

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Abolitionism in the United Kingdom

Abolitionism in the United Kingdom was the movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries to end the practice of slavery, whether formal or informal, in the United Kingdom, the British Empire and the world, including ending the Atlantic slave trade.

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Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

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Acre, Israel

Acre (or, עַכּוֹ, ʻAko, most commonly spelled as Akko; عكّا, ʻAkkā) is a city in the coastal plain region of Israel's Northern District at the extremity of Haifa Bay.

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Adam Ferguson

Adam Ferguson, FRSE (Scottish Gaelic: Adhamh MacFhearghais), also known as Ferguson of Raith (1 JulyGregorian Calendar/20 JuneJulian Calendar 1723 – 22 February 1816), was a Scottish philosopher and historian of the Scottish Enlightenment.

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Adam Smith

Adam Smith (16 June 1723 NS (5 June 1723 OS) – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish economist, philosopher and author as well as a moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and a key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment era.

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Admiral (Royal Navy)

Admiral is a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank admiral of the fleet.

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Admiralty

The Admiralty, originally known as the Office of the Admiralty and Marine Affairs, was the government department responsible for the command of the Royal Navy firstly in the Kingdom of England, secondly in the Kingdom of Great Britain, and from 1801 to 1964, the United Kingdom and former British Empire.

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Adolphe Thiers

Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers (15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian.

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Alabama Claims

The Alabama Claims were a series of demands for damages sought by the government of the United States from the United Kingdom in 1869, for the attacks upon Union merchant ships by Confederate Navy commerce raiders built in British shipyards during the American Civil War.

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Albert, Prince Consort

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria.

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Alexander II of Russia

Alexander II (p; 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881) was the Emperor of Russia from the 2nd March 1855 until his assassination on 13 March 1881.

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Alexis de Tocqueville

Alexis Charles Henri Clérel, Viscount de Tocqueville (29 July 180516 April 1859) was a French diplomat, political scientist and historian.

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Alternate history

Alternate history or alternative history (Commonwealth English), sometimes abbreviated as AH, is a genre of fiction consisting of stories in which one or more historical events occur differently.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.

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Anglo-Irish people

Anglo-Irish is a term which was more commonly used in the 19th and early 20th centuries to identify a social class in Ireland, whose members are mostly the descendants and successors of the English Protestant Ascendancy.

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Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury

Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury (28 April 1801 – 1 October 1885), styled Lord Ashley from 1811 to 1851 and then Lord Shaftesbury following the death of his father, was a British politician, philanthropist and social reformer.

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Appeasement

Appeasement in an international context is a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.

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Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, 1st Earl of Midlothian, (7 May 1847 – 21 May 1929) was a British Liberal politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from March 1894 to June 1895.

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Armand Marrast

Armand Marrast (June 5, 1801, Saint-Gaudens–April 12, 1852, Paris) was a French politician and mayor of Paris.

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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as Prime Minister.

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Augustus Clifford

Admiral Sir Augustus William James Clifford, 1st Baronet, (26 May 1788 – 8 February 1877) was a British Royal Navy officer, court official, and usher of the Black Rod.

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Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire (Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich) was a Central European multinational great power from 1804 to 1919, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

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Barney Gumble

Barnard Arnold "Barney" Gumble is a fictional character in the American animated sitcom The Simpsons.

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Baron Mount Temple

Baron Mount Temple was a title that was created twice in British history, both times in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

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Baronet

A baronet (or; abbreviated Bart or Bt) or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess (or; abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a baronetcy, an hereditary title awarded by the British Crown.

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Battle of Balaclava

The Battle of Balaclava, fought on 25 October 1854 during the Crimean War, was part of Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) to capture the port and fortress of Sevastopol, Russia's principal naval base on the Black Sea.

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Battle of Copenhagen (1807)

The Second Battle of Copenhagen (or the Bombardment of Copenhagen) (16 August – 5 September 1807) was a British bombardment of the Danish capital, Copenhagen in order to capture or destroy the Dano-Norwegian fleet, during the Napoleonic Wars.

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Battle of Nezib

The Battle of Nezib or Battle of Nisib or Battle of Nizib (present-day Nizip) was fought on 24 June 1839 between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire.

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Beirut

Beirut (بيروت, Beyrouth) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon.

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Belfast

Belfast (is the capital city of Northern Ireland, located on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast of Ireland.

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Belgian Revolution

The Belgian Revolution (Belgische Revolution) was the conflict which led to the secession of the southern provinces (mainly the former Southern Netherlands) from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the establishment of an independent Kingdom of Belgium.

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Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

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Belligerent

A belligerent (lat. bellum gerere, "to wage war") is an individual, group, country, or other entity that acts in a hostile manner, such as engaging in combat.

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Benjamin Disraeli

Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

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Bethlem Royal Hospital

Bethlem Royal Hospital, also known as St Mary Bethlehem, Bethlehem Hospital and Bedlam, is a psychiatric hospital in London.

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Birkenhead

Birkenhead is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in Merseyside, England.

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Black Sea

The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.

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Bletchingley (UK Parliament constituency)

Bletchingley was a parliamentary borough in Surrey.

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Bosporus

The Bosporus or Bosphorus;The spelling Bosporus is listed first or exclusively in all major British and American dictionaries (e.g.,,, Merriam-Webster,, and Random House) as well as the Encyclopædia Britannica and the.

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Bourbon Restoration

The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history following the fall of Napoleon in 1814 until the July Revolution of 1830.

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British anti-invasion preparations of 1803–05

British anti-invasion preparations of 1803–05 were the military and civilian responses in the United Kingdom to Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom.

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British nationalism

British nationalism asserts that the British are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of the British,Guntram H. Herb, David H. Kaplan.

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British people

The British people, or the Britons, are the citizens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the British Overseas Territories, and the Crown dependencies.

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Broadlands

Broadlands is an English country house, located in the civil parish of Romsey Extra, near the town of Romsey in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England.

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Brocket Hall

Brocket Hall is a Grade I-listed classical country house set in a large park at the northern end of the urban area of Hatfield in Hertfordshire, England.

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C. S. Forester

Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), known by his pen name Cecil Scott "C. S." Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series, depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic wars.

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Cambridge House

Cambridge House is a grade I listed townhouse in central London.

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Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)

Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.

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Canningite

Canningites was the name used for a faction of British Tories in the first decade of the 19th century through the 1820s who were led by George Canning.

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Canton System

The Canton System (1757–1842) served as a means for China to control trade with the west within its own country by focusing all trade on the southern port of Canton (now Guangzhou).

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Carlism

Carlism (Karlismo; Carlisme) is a Traditionalist and legitimist political movement in Spain seeking the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon dynasty on the Spanish throne.

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Catholic emancipation

Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws.

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Cecil Bisshopp

Lieutenant-Colonel Cecil Bisshopp (25 June 1783 – c. 16 July 1813) was a British army officer and onetime Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom who came to Canada in 1812 and died in the Anglo-American War.

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Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster

The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is a ministerial office in the Government of the United Kingdom that includes as part of its duties, the administration of the estates and rents of the Duchy of Lancaster.

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Chancellor of the Exchequer

The Chancellor and Under-Treasurer of Her Majesty's Exchequer, commonly known as the Chancellor of the Exchequer, or simply the Chancellor, is a senior official within the Government of the United Kingdom and head of Her Majesty's Treasury.

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Charge of the Light Brigade

The Charge of the Light Brigade was a charge of British light cavalry led by Lord Cardigan against Russian forces during the Battle of Balaclava on 25 October 1854 in the Crimean War.

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Charles Albert of Sardinia

Charles Albert (2 October 1798 – 28 July 1849) was the King of Sardinia from 27 April 1831 to 23 March 1849.

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Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning

Charles John Canning, 1st Earl Canning (14 December 1812 – 17 June 1862), known as The Viscount Canning from 1837 to 1859, was an English statesman and Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

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Charles de Brouckère

Jonkheer Charles Joseph Marie Ghislain de Brouckère (18 January 1796 – 20 April 1860) was a Belgian nobleman and liberal politician.

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Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg

Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg PC FRS (26 October 1778 – 23 April 1866) was a Scottish politician and colonial administrator.

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Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey

Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, (13 March 1764 – 17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from November 1830 to July 1834.

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Charles Pelham Villiers

Charles Pelham Villiers (3 January 1802 – 16 January 1898) was a British lawyer and politician from the aristocratic Villiers family who sat in the House of Commons from 1835 to 1898, making him the longest-serving Member of Parliament (MP).

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Charles Rogier

Charles Latour Rogier (17 August 1800 – 27 May 1885) was a Belgian liberal statesman and a leader in the Belgian Revolution of 1830.

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Charles Tennyson d'Eyncourt

Charles Tennyson d'Eyncourt (20 July 1784 – 21 July 1861), born Charles Tennyson, was a British politician, landowner and Member of Parliament (MP) for Stamford from 1831 to 1832 and for Lambeth from 1832 to 1852.

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Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax

Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, GCB, PC (20 December 1800 – 8 August 1885), known as Sir Charles Wood, 3rd Bt between 1846 and 1866, was a British Whig politician and Member of Parliament.

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Chief Secretary for Ireland

The Chief Secretary for Ireland was a key political office in the British administration in Ireland.

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Christian Zionism

Christian Zionism is a belief among some Christians that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land and the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 were in accordance with Bible prophecy.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.

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Circassia

Circassia (Адыгэ Хэку, Черке́сия, ჩერქეზეთი, شيركاسيا, Çerkesya) is a region in the and along the northeast shore of the Black Sea.

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Civis romanus sum

The Latin phrase civis romanus sum (cīvis rōmānus sum) ("I am (a) Roman citizen") is a phrase used in Cicero's In Verrem as a plea for the legal rights of a Roman citizen.

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Classiebawn Castle

Classiebawn Castle is a country house built for Viscount Palmerston on what was formerly a estate on the Mullaghmore peninsula near the village of Cliffoney, County Sligo, in the Republic of Ireland.

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Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde

Field Marshal Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde, (20 October 1792– 14 August 1863), was a British Army officer.

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Companies Act 1862

The Companies Act 1862 (25 & 26 Vict. c.89) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom regulating UK company law, whose descendant is the Companies Act 2006.

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Confederate States of America

The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.

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Congress of Paris (1856)

The Congress of Paris was a diplomatic meeting held in Paris, France, in 1856,"Paris, Treaty of(1856)".

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Congress Poland

The Kingdom of Poland, informally known as Congress Poland or Russian Poland, was created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a sovereign state of the Russian part of Poland connected by personal union with the Russian Empire under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland until 1832.

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Convention of London (1840)

The Convention of London of 1840 was a treaty with the title of Convention for the Pacification of the Levant, signed on 15 July 1840 between the Great Powers of United Kingdom, Austria, Prussia, Russia on one hand and the Ottoman Empire on the other.

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County Sligo

County Sligo (Contae Shligigh) is a county in Ireland.

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Crimean War

The Crimean War (or translation) was a military conflict fought from October 1853 to February 1856 in which the Russian Empire lost to an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, Britain and Sardinia.

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Criminal Law Consolidation Acts 1861

The Criminal Law Consolidation Acts 1861 (24 & 25 Vict. cc. 94 - 100) were Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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CSS Alabama

CSS Alabama was a screw sloop-of-war built in 1862 for the Confederate States Navy at Birkenhead on the River Mersey opposite Liverpool, England by John Laird Sons and Company.

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Dardanelles

The Dardanelles (Çanakkale Boğazı, translit), also known from Classical Antiquity as the Hellespont (Ἑλλήσποντος, Hellespontos, literally "Sea of Helle"), is a narrow, natural strait and internationally-significant waterway in northwestern Turkey that forms part of the continental boundary between Europe and Asia, and separates Asian Turkey from European Turkey.

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Dartmouth Park

Dartmouth Park is a district of north London in the London Borough of Camden, on the slope of the hill that rises up to Highgate from Kentish Town.

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Darwin, Northern Territory

Darwin is the capital city of the Northern Territory of Australia.

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David Pacifico

David Pacifico, known as Don Pacifico (1784? – 12 April 1854), was a Portuguese Jewish merchant and diplomat.

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David Urquhart

David Urquhart (1 July 180516 May 1877) was a Scottish diplomat, writer and politician, serving as a Member of Parliament from 1847 to 1852.

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Derby

Derby is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire, England.

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Don Carlos

Don Carlos is a five-act grand opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French-language libretto by Joseph Méry and Camille du Locle, based on the dramatic play Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien (Don Carlos, Infante of Spain) by Friedrich Schiller.

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Dublin

Dublin is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.

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Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby

Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby KG, PC, FRS (19 May 179819 November 1882), styled Viscount Sandon between 1809 and 1847, was a British politician.

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Dugald Stewart

Dugald Stewart (22 November 175311 June 1828) was a Scottish philosopher and mathematician.

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East India Company

The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company, formed to trade with the East Indies (in present-day terms, Maritime Southeast Asia), but ended up trading mainly with Qing China and seizing control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent.

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East Sheen

East Sheen, also known as Sheen, is a suburb of London in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.

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Edmund Burke

Edmund Burke (12 January 17309 July 1797) was an Anglo-Irish statesman born in Dublin, as well as an author, orator, political theorist and philosopher, who after moving to London in 1750 served as a member of parliament (MP) between 1766 and 1794 in the House of Commons with the Whig Party.

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Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons

Admiral Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons (21 November 1790 – 23 November 1858) was an eminent British Admiral of the Royal Navy, and an eminent British diplomat, who was responsible for encouraging the Crimean War, during which he was Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet, and for the securing the subsequent allied victory in the conflict, through his efforts at the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) with both the Navy and the British Army.

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Edward Baines (1800–1890)

Sir Edward Baines, also known as Edward Baines junior (1800–1890) was a nonconformist English newspaper editor and Member of Parliament.

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Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell

Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell, PC, PC (Ire), FRS (24 July 1813 – 15 February 1886) was a prominent British politician in the Peelite and Liberal parties during the middle of the 19th century.

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Edward Seymour, 12th Duke of Somerset

Edward Adolphus Seymour (later St. Maur), 12th Duke of Somerset, etc., (20 December 1804 – 28 November 1885), styled Lord Seymour until 1855, was a British Whig aristocrat and politician, who served in various cabinet positions in the mid-19th century, including that of First Lord of the Admiralty.

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Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby

Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, (29 March 1799 – 23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three-time Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and, to date, the longest-serving leader of the Conservative Party.

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Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley

Edward John Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley, PC (13 November 1802 – 16 June 1869), known as The Lord Eddisbury between 1848 and 1850, was a British politician.

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Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–33)

The First Egyptian-Ottoman War, First Turco-Egyptian War or First Syrian War (1831–1833) was a military conflict between the Ottoman Empire and Egypt brought about by Muhammad Ali Pasha's demand to the Sublime Porte for control of Greater Syria, as reward for aiding the Sultan during the Greek War of Independence.

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Eider (river)

The Eider (Die Eider; Ejderen; Latin: Egdor or Egdore) is the longest river in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Emancipation Proclamation

The Emancipation Proclamation, or Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863.

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Emily Temple, Viscountess Palmerston

Emily Temple, Viscountess Palmerston (1787–1869), (previously Emily Clavering-Cowper, Countess Cowper), née The Honourable Emily Lamb, was a leading figure of the Almack's social set, sister to Prime Minister Lord Melbourne, wife to the 5th Earl Cowper, and subsequently wife to Lord Palmerston.

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Estate (land)

Historically, an estate comprises the houses, outbuildings, supporting farmland, and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property, such as a country house or mansion.

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Evelyn Ashley

(Anthony) Evelyn Melbourne Ashley PC (24 July 1836 – 16 November 1907), was British barrister and Liberal politician.

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F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich

Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon, (1 November 1782 – 28 January 1859), styled The Honourable F. J. Robinson until 1827 and known as The Viscount Goderich between 1827 and 1833, the name by which he is best known to history, was a British politician of the Regency era.

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Factory Acts

The Factory Acts were a series of UK labour law Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to regulate the conditions of industrial employment.

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Fagging

Fagging was a traditional practice in British boarding private schools (nearly all "public schools" in the English sense) and also many other boarding schools, whereby younger pupils were required to act as personal servants to the most senior boys.

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Felice Orsini

Felice Orsini (10 December 1819 – 13 March 1858) was an Italian revolutionary and leader of the Carbonari who tried to assassinate Napoleon III, Emperor of the French.

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Felony

The term felony, in some common law countries, is defined as a serious crime.

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Fenian

Fenian was an umbrella term for the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB), fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies

Ferdinand II (Ferdinando Carlo; Ferdinannu Carlu; 12 January 1810 – 22 May 1859) was King of the Two Sicilies from 1830 until his early death in 1859.

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Filibuster

A filibuster is a political procedure where one or more members of parliament or congress debate over a proposed piece of legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent a decision being made on the proposal.

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First Battle of Bull Run

The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the First Battle of Manassas.

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First Commissioner of Works

The First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings was a position within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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First Lord of the Admiralty

The First Lord of the Admiralty, or formally the Office of the First Lord of the Admiralty, was the political head of the Royal Navy who was the government's senior adviser on all naval affairs and responsible for the direction and control of Admiralty Department as well as general administration of the Naval Service of the United Kingdom, that encompassed the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines and other services.

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First Lord of the Treasury

The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the commission exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, and is now always also the Prime Minister.

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First Opium War

The First Opium War (第一次鴉片戰爭), also known as the Opium War or the Anglo-Chinese War, was a series of military engagements fought between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China over their conflicting viewpoints on diplomatic relations, trade, and the administration of justice in China.

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Flashman in the Great Game

Flashman in the Great Game is a 1975 novel by George MacDonald Fraser.

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Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale, (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing.

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Flying Colours (novel)

Flying Colours is a Horatio Hornblower novel by C. S. Forester, originally published 1938 as the third in the series, but now eighth by internal chronology.

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Foreign and Commonwealth Office

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), commonly called the Foreign Office, is a department of the Government of the United Kingdom.

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Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie

Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie, (22 April 18016 July 1874), known as Fox Maule before 1852, as The Lord Panmure between 1852 and 1860, was a British politician.

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François Guizot

François Pierre Guillaume Guizot (4 October 1787 – 12 September 1874) was a French historian, orator, and statesman.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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French Constitution of 1848

The Constitution of 1848 is the constitution passed in France on 4 November 1848 by the National Assembly, the constituent body of the Second French Republic.

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George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll

George John Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, (30 April 1823 – 24 April 1900), styled Marquess of Lorne until 1847, was a Scottish peer and Liberal politician as well as a writer on science, religion, and the politics of the 19th century.

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George Canning

George Canning (11 April 17708 August 1827) was a British statesman and Tory politician who served in various senior cabinet positions under numerous Prime Ministers, before himself serving as Prime Minister for the final four months of his life.

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George Cornewall Lewis

Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 2nd Baronet, (21 April 180613 April 1863) was a British statesman and man of letters.

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George Denman

George Denman PC (23 December 1819 – 21 September 1896) was an English barrister, High Court judge, and Liberal politician.

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George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton

George Henry FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton, KG (14 January 1760 – 28 September 1844), styled Earl of Euston until 1811, was a British peer and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1782 to 1811 when he succeeded to the Dukedom.

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George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, (28 January 178414 December 1860), styled Lord Haddo from 1791 to 1801, was a British politician, diplomat and landowner, successively a Tory, Conservative and Peelite, who served as Prime Minister from 1852 until 1855 in a coalition between the Whigs and Peelites, with Radical and Irish support.

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George IV of the United Kingdom

George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover following the death of his father, King George III, on 29 January 1820, until his own death ten years later.

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George Peabody Gooch

George Peabody Gooch (21 October 1873 – 31 August 1968) was a British journalist, historian and Liberal Party politician.

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George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon

George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon, (24 October 1827 – 9 July 1909), styled Viscount Goderich from 1833 to 1859 and known as the Earl of Ripon in 1859 and as the Earl de Grey and Ripon from 1859 to 1871, was a British politician who served in every Liberal cabinet from 1861 until the year before his death, which took place forty-eight years later.

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George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon

George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon, (12 January 180027 June 1870) was an English diplomat and statesman from the Villiers family.

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Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto

Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto, PC, FRSE (23 April 1751 – 21 June 1814), known as Sir Gilbert Elliott between 1777 and 1797 and as The Lord Minto between 1797 and 1813, was a Scottish diplomat and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1776 and 1795.

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Glorious Revolution

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III, Prince of Orange, who was James's nephew and son-in-law.

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Government of India Act 1858

The Government of India Act 1858 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (21 & 22 Vict. c. 106) passed on August 2, 1858.

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Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville

Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville GCB PC (12 October 1773 – 8 January 1846), known as Lord Granville Leveson-Gower from 1786 to 1815, as Viscount Granville from 1815 to 1833, and as Earl Granville from 1833 onwards, was a British Whig statesman and diplomat from the Leveson-Gower family.

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Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville

Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville, (11 May 1815 – 31 March 1891), styled Lord Leveson until 1846, was a British Liberal statesman from the Leveson-Gower family.

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Greek War of Independence

The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση, Elliniki Epanastasi, or also referred to by Greeks in the 19th century as the Αγώνας, Agonas, "Struggle"; Ottoman: يونان عصياني Yunan İsyanı, "Greek Uprising"), was a successful war of independence waged by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1830.

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Gunboat diplomacy

In international politics, gunboat diplomacy (or "Big Stick ideology" in U.S. history) refers to the pursuit of foreign policy objectives with the aid of conspicuous displays of naval powerimplying or constituting a direct threat of warfare, should terms not be agreeable to the superior force.

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Harrow School

Harrow School is an independent boarding school for boys in Harrow, London, England.

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Harry Flashman

Sir Harry Paget Flashman is a fictional character created by Thomas Hughes (1822–1896) in the semi-autobiographical Tom Brown's School Days (1857) and later developed by George MacDonald Fraser (1925–2008).

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Harry Potter

Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.

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Harry Smith Parkes

Sir Harry Smith Parkes (24 February 1828 – 22 March 1885) was a British diplomat who served as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary and Consul General of the United Kingdom to the Empire of Japan from 1865 to 1883 and the Chinese Qing Empire from 1883 to 1885, and Minister to Korea in 1884.

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Henry Bulwer, 1st Baron Dalling and Bulwer

(William) Henry Lytton Earle Bulwer, 1st Baron Dalling and Bulwer GCB, PC (13 February 180123 May 1872) was a British Liberal politician, diplomat and writer.

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Henry Combe Compton

Henry Combe Compton (1789 – 27 November 1866) was a British Conservative Party politician.

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Henry Goulburn

Henry Goulburn PC FRS (19 March 1784 – 12 January 1856) was an English Conservative statesman and a member of the Peelite faction after 1846.

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Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey

Henry George Grey, 3rd Earl Grey (28 December 18029 October 1894), known as Viscount Howick from 1807 until 1845, was an English statesman.

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Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge

Field Marshal Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, (30 March 1785 – 24 September 1856) was a British Army officer and politician.

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Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, (20 October 1784 – 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister in the mid-19th century.

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Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton

Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton, PC (15 August 179813 July 1869) was a prominent British Whig and Liberal Party politician of the mid-19th century.

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Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle

Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne KG, PC (22 May 1811 – 18 October 1864), styled Earl of Lincoln before 1851, was a British politician.

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Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne

Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne, (2 July 1780 – 31 January 1863), known as Lord Henry Petty from 1784 to 1809, was a British statesman.

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Henry Pottinger

Lieutenant General Sir Henry Pottinger, 1st Baronet, GCB, PC (Chinese: 砵甸乍; 3 October 1789 – 18 March 1856), was an Anglo-Irish soldier and colonial administrator who became the first Governor of Hong Kong.

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Henry Temple, 2nd Viscount Palmerston

Henry Temple, 2nd Viscount Palmerston, FRS (4 December 1739 – 17 April 1802), was a British politician.

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Hertfordshire

Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south.

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History of Spain (1810–73)

Spain in the 19th century was a country in turmoil.

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HM Prison Parkhurst

HMP Isle of Wight – Parkhurst Barracks is a prison situated in Parkhurst on the Isle of Wight, operated by Her Majesty's Prison Service.

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Home Secretary

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department, normally referred to as the Home Secretary, is a senior official as one of the Great Offices of State within Her Majesty's Government and head of the Home Office.

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Homer at the Bat

"Homer at the Bat" is the seventeenth episode of The Simpsons' third season.

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Hong Kong

Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory of China on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary in East Asia.

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Horatio Hornblower

Horatio Hornblower is a fictional Napoleonic Wars-era Royal Navy officer who is the protagonist of a series of novels by C. S. Forester.

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Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson

Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Duke of Bronté, (29 September 1758 – 21 October 1805) was a British flag officer in the Royal Navy.

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Horsham (UK Parliament constituency)

Horsham is a constituency centred on the satellite town to London, its rural district and part of another rural district in West Sussex represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament between 1997 and 2015 by Francis Maude, and since 2015 by Jeremy Quin, both of the Conservative Party.

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House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Hungary

Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.

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Independent Irish Party

The Independent Irish Party (1852–1858) was an Irish political party founded in July 1852 by 40 Liberal Irish MPs who had been elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India between 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.

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Interventionism (politics)

Interventionism is a policy of non-defensive (proactive) activity undertaken by a nation-state, or other geo-political jurisdiction of a lesser or greater nature, to manipulate an economy and/or society.

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Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.

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Isaac Corry

Isaac Corry FRS, PC (I), PCThorne, The House of Commons 1790–1820, Vol.

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Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

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Isabella II of Spain

Isabella II (Isabel; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until 1868.

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Istanbul

Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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J. K. Rowling

Joanne Rowling, ("rolling";Rowling, J.K. (16 February 2007).. Accio Quote (accio-quote.org). Retrieved 28 April 2008. born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, philanthropist, film and television producer and screenwriter best known for writing the Harry Potter fantasy series.

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James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie

James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie (22 April 1812 – 19 December 1860), styled Lord Ramsay until 1838 and known as The Earl of Dalhousie between 1838 and 1849, was a Scottish statesman, and a colonial administrator in British India.

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James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin

James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine, (20 July 1811 – 20 November 1863) was a British colonial administrator and diplomat. He served as Governor of Jamaica (1842–1846), Governor General of the Province of Canada (1847–1854), and Viceroy of India (1862–1863). In 1857, he was appointed High Commissioner and Plenipotentiary in China and the Far East to assist in the process of opening up China and Japan to Western trade. In 1860, during the Second Opium War in China, in the retaliation of the torture and execution of almost twenty European and Indian prisoners, he ordered the destruction of the Old Summer Palace in Beijing, an architectural wonder with immeasurable collections of artworks and historic antiques, inflicting invaluable loss of cultural heritage. Subsequently, he submitted the Qing Dynasty to the unequal treaty of the Convention of Peking, adding Kowloon Peninsula to the British crown colony of Hong Kong.

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James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury

James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury, GCB (21 April 1746 – 21 November 1820) was an English diplomat.

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Jan Smuts

Field Marshal Jan Christiaan Smuts (24 May 1870 11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and British Commonwealth statesman, military leader and philosopher.

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Jasper Ridley

Jasper Ridley (25 May 1920 – 1 July 2004) was a British writer, known for historical biographies.

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John Arthur Roebuck

John Arthur Roebuck (28 December 1802 – 30 November 1879), British politician, was born at Madras, in India.

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John Bright

John Bright (16 November 1811 – 27 March 1889) was a British Radical and Liberal statesman, one of the greatest orators of his generation and a promoter of free trade policies.

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John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell

John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell, PC, QC, FRSE (15 September 1779 – 23 June 1861) was a British Liberal politician, lawyer and man of letters.

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John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll

John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll, (6 August 1845 – 2 May 1914), usually better known by the courtesy title Marquess of Lorne, by which he was known between 1847 and 1900, was a British nobleman and was the fourth Governor General of Canada from 1878 to 1883.

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John Charles Herries

John Charles Herries PC (November 1778 – 24 April 1855), known as J. C. Herries, was a British politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid-19th century.

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John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst

John Singleton Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst, (21 May 1772 – 12 October 1863) was a British lawyer and politician.

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John Heathcoat

John Heathcoat (7 August 1783 – 18 January 1861) was an English inventor from Duffield, Derbyshire.

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John Inglis, Lord Glencorse

Rt Hon John Inglis, Lord Glencorse FRSE DCL LLD (21 August 1810 – 20 August 1891) was a Scottish politician and judge.

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John Phillip

John Phillip (19 April 1817–1867) was a Victorian era Scottish painter best known for his portrayals of Spanish life.

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John Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Ponsonby

John Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Ponsonby, GCB (1770 – 22 February 1855) was a longtime British diplomat and politician.

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John Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough

John William Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough, PC (31 August 1781 – 16 May 1847), known as Viscount Duncannon from 1793 to 1844, was a British Whig politician.

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John Ponsonby, 5th Earl of Bessborough

John George Brabazon Ponsonby, 5th Earl of Bessborough PC (14 October 1809 – 28 January 1880), styled Viscount Duncannon from 1844 until 1847, was a British cricketer, courtier and Liberal politician.

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John Russell, 1st Earl Russell

John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, (18 August 1792 – 28 May 1878), known by his courtesy title Lord John Russell before 1861, was a leading Whig and Liberal politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom on two occasions during the early Victorian era.

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John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer

John Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer PC DL FRS (30 May 1782 – 1 October 1845), styled Viscount Althorp from 1783 to 1834, was a British statesman.

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John Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley

John William Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley, PC, FRS (9 August 1781 – 6 March 1833), known as the Honourable John Ward from 1788 to 1823 and as the 4th Viscount Dudley and Ward from 1823 to 1827, was a British politician.

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John Willis Fleming

John Willis Fleming (28 November 1781 – 4 September 1844) was an English landed proprietor and Conservative Member of Parliament.

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John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley

John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley, (7 January 18268 April 1902), known as the Lord Wodehouse from 1846 to 1866, was a British Liberal politician.

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Jonathan Peel

Jonathan Peel, PC (12 October 1799 – 13 February 1879) was a British soldier, Conservative politician and racehorse owner.

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Kiel

Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 249,023 (2016).

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Kingdom of Portugal

The Kingdom of Portugal (Regnum Portugalliae, Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy on the Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of modern Portugal.

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Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

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Kingdom of Sardinia

The Kingdom of SardiniaThe name of the state was originally Latin: Regnum Sardiniae, or Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae when the kingdom was still considered to include Corsica.

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Lajos Kossuth

Lajos Kossuth de Udvard et Kossuthfalva (Slovak: Ľudovít Košút, archaically English: Louis Kossuth) 19 September 1802 – 20 March 1894) was a Hungarian nobleman, lawyer, journalist, politician, statesman and Governor-President of the Kingdom of Hungary during the revolution of 1848–49. With the help of his talent in oratory in political debates and public speeches, Kossuth emerged from a poor gentry family into regent-president of Kingdom of Hungary. As the most influential contemporary American journalist Horace Greeley said of Kossuth: "Among the orators, patriots, statesmen, exiles, he has, living or dead, no superior." Kossuth's powerful English and American speeches so impressed and touched the most famous contemporary American orator Daniel Webster, that he wrote a book about Kossuth's life. He was widely honored during his lifetime, including in Great Britain and the United States, as a freedom fighter and bellwether of democracy in Europe. Kossuth's bronze bust can be found in the United States Capitol with the inscription: Father of Hungarian Democracy, Hungarian Statesman, Freedom Fighter, 1848–1849.

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Leader of the House of Commons

The Leader of the House of Commons is generally a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom who is responsible for arranging government business in the House of Commons.

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Leader of the House of Lords

The Leader of the House of Lords is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom who is responsible for arranging government business in the House of Lords.

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Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)

The Leader of Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition (more commonly known as the Leader of the Opposition) is the politician who leads the official opposition in the United Kingdom.

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Leaders of the British Whig Party

This is a list of the Leaders of the British Whig Party.

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Leopold I of Belgium

Leopold I (Léopold Ier; German and Leopold I; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was a German prince who became the first King of the Belgians following the country's independence in 1830.

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Liberal Party (UK)

The Liberal Party was one of the two major parties in the United Kingdom – with the opposing Conservative Party – in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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Liberal Wars

The Liberal Wars, also known as the Portuguese Civil War, the War of the Two Brothers or Miguelite War, was a war between progressive constitutionalists and authoritarian absolutists in Portugal over royal succession that lasted from 1828 to 1834.

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List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by age

This is a list of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by age.

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List of senior members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom

This is a list of the most senior Privy Counsellors in length of service of England, Great Britain and the United Kingdom since 1708.

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London Conference of 1830

The London Conference of 1830 brought together representatives of the five major European powers Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and Russia.

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London Conference of 1864

The London conference of 1864 was a peace conference about the Second Schleswig War.

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London Straits Convention

In the London Straits Convention concluded on 13 July 1841 between the Great Powers of Europe at the time—Russia, the United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia—the "ancient rule" of the Ottoman Empire was re-established by closing the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus and Dardanelles), which link the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, from all warships whatsoever, barring those of the Sultan's allies during wartime.

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Lord Chancellor

The Lord Chancellor, formally the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest ranking among those Great Officers of State which are appointed regularly in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking even the Prime Minister.

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Lord Dudley Stuart

Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart (11 January 1803, London – 17 November 1854, Stockholm) was a British politician.

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Lord Lieutenant of Ireland

Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the title of the chief governor of Ireland from the Williamite Wars of 1690 till the Partition of Ireland in 1922.

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Lord President of the Council

The Lord President of the Council is the fourth of the Great Officers of State of the United Kingdom, ranking below the Lord High Treasurer but above the Lord Privy Seal.

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Lord Privy Seal

The Lord Privy Seal (or, more formally, the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal) is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and above the Lord Great Chamberlain.

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Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports

The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is a ceremonial official in the United Kingdom.

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Louis Philippe I

Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 as the leader of the Orléanist party.

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Mahmud II

Mahmud II (Ottoman Turkish: محمود ثانى Mahmud-u sānī, محمود عدلى Mahmud-u Âdlî) (İkinci Mahmut) (20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839.

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Maine

Maine is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Maria II of Portugal

Dona Maria II (4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853) "the Educator" ("a Educadora") or "the Good Mother" ("a Boa Mãe"), was Queen regnant of the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves from 1826 to 1828, and again from 1834 to 1853.

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Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin)

In the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, Bachelors of Arts with Honours of these universities are promoted to the title of Master of Arts or Master in Arts (MA) on application after six or seven years' seniority as members of the university (including years as an undergraduate).

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Matrimonial Causes Act 1857

The Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Matthew Talbot Baines

Matthew Talbot Baines QC, DL (17 February 1799 – 22 January 1860) was a British lawyer and Liberal politician.

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Mayfair

Mayfair is an affluent area in the West End of London towards the east edge of Hyde Park, in the City of Westminster, between Oxford Street, Regent Street, Piccadilly and Park Lane.

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Middlesex

Middlesex (abbreviation: Middx) is an historic county in south-east England.

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Miguel I of Portugal

Dom Miguel I (English: Michael I; 26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866), "the Absolutist" ("o Absolutista") or "the Traditionalist" ("o Tradicionalista"), was the King of Portugal between 1828 and 1834, the seventh child and third son of King João VI (John VI) and his queen, Carlota Joaquina of Spain.

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Ministry of Magic

The Ministry of Magic is the government of the Magical community of Britain in J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World.The magical government in Britain is first mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, the Ministry makes its first proper appearance in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.

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Minnesota

Minnesota is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States.

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Mission of the Vixen

The mission of the Vixen was a conflict between the Russian Empire and the United Kingdom that occurred in 1836.

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Moldavia

Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei (in Romanian Latin alphabet), Цара Мѡлдовєй (in old Romanian Cyrillic alphabet) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertza. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.

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Muhammad Ali of Egypt

Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha (محمد علی پاشا المسعود بن آغا; محمد علي باشا / ALA-LC: Muḥammad ‘Alī Bāshā; Albanian: Mehmet Ali Pasha; Turkish: Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian commander in the Ottoman army, who rose to the rank of Pasha, and became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan with the Ottomans' temporary approval.

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Naples

Naples (Napoli, Napule or; Neapolis; lit) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.

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Napoleon

Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Napoleon III

Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the President of France from 1848 to 1852 and as Napoleon III the Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870.

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Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom

Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom at the start of the War of the Third Coalition, although never carried out, was a major influence on British naval strategy and the fortification of the coast of southeast England.

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New Brunswick

New Brunswick (Nouveau-Brunswick; Canadian French pronunciation) is one of three Maritime provinces on the east coast of Canada.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Newport (Isle of Wight) (UK Parliament constituency)

Newport was a parliamentary borough located in Newport (Isle of Wight), which was abolished in for the 1885 general election.

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Nicholas Conyngham Tindal

Sir Nicholas Conyngham Tindal, PC (12 December 1776 – 6 July 1846) was a celebrated English lawyer who successfully defended the then Queen of the United Kingdom, Caroline of Brunswick, at her trial for adultery in 1820.

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North Island

The North Island (Māori: Te Ika-a-Māui) is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the slightly larger but much less populous South Island by Cook Strait.

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November Uprising

The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire.

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Offences Against the Person Act 1861

The Offences against the Person Act 1861 (24 & 25 Vict c 100) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Order of the Garter

The Order of the Garter (formally the Most Noble Order of the Garter) is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III in 1348 and regarded as the most prestigious British order of chivalry (though in precedence inferior to the military Victoria Cross and George Cross) in England and the United Kingdom.

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Orsini affair

The Orsini affair comprised the diplomatic, political and legal consequences of the "Orsini attempt" (attentat d'Orsini): the attempt made on 14 January 1858 by Felice Orsini, with other Italian nationalists and backed by English radicals, to assassinate Napoleon III in Paris.

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Otto von Bismarck

Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), known as Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890 and was the first Chancellor of the German Empire between 1871 and 1890.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Ottoman Syria

Ottoman Syria refers to the parts of modern-day Syria or of Greater Syria which were subjected to Ottoman rule, anytime between the Ottoman conquests on the Mamluk Sultanate in the early 16th century and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in 1922.

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Palmerston Boulevard

Palmerston Boulevard is a residential street located in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, two blocks west of Bathurst Street, between Koreatown and Little Italy.

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Palmerston Forts

The Palmerston Forts are a group of forts and associated structures, around the coast of Britain.

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Palmerston Island

Palmerston Island is a coral atoll in the Cook Islands in the Pacific Ocean about 500 km northwest of Rarotonga.

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Palmerston North

Palmerston North (Te Papa-i-Oea) is a city in the North Island of New Zealand and the seat of the Manawatu-Wanganui region.

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Palmerston, New Zealand

The town of Palmerston, in New Zealand's South Island, lies 50 kilometres to the north of the city of Dunedin.

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Palmerston, Northern Territory

Palmerston is situated near Darwin Harbour and had a population of 33,695 at the 2016 census, making it the second largest city in the sparsely populated Northern Territory.

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Palmerston, Ontario

Palmerston (population 2,599) is an unincorporated community located at the south end of the town of Minto in northern part of Wellington County in southern Ontario, Canada.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Parliament Square

Parliament Square is a square at the northwest end of the Palace of Westminster in central London.

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Peelite

The Peelites were a breakaway faction of the British Conservative Party from 1846 to 1859 who joined with the Whigs and Radicals to form the Liberal Party.

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Peerage of England

The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707.

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Peerage of Great Britain

The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Acts of Union 1707 but before the Acts of Union 1800.

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Peerage of Ireland

The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Peerage of Scotland

The Peerage of Scotland (Moraireachd na h-Alba) is the section of the Peerage of the British Isles for those peers created by the King of Scots before 1707.

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Peerage of the United Kingdom

The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Acts of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain.

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Piccadilly

Piccadilly is a road in the City of Westminster, London to the south of Mayfair, between Hyde Park Corner in the west and Piccadilly Circus in the east.

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Poor Law Board

The Poor Law Board was established in the United Kingdom in 1847 as a successor body to the Poor Law Commission overseeing the administration of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834.

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Portsmouth

Portsmouth is a port city in Hampshire, England, mainly on Portsea Island, south-west of London and south-east of Southampton.

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Postmaster General of the United Kingdom

The Postmaster General of the United Kingdom was a Cabinet-level ministerial position in HM Government.

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Pottermore

Pottermore is the digital publishing, e-commerce, entertainment, and news company from J. K. Rowling and is a global digital publisher of Harry Potter and the Wizarding World.

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Pragmatic Sanction of 1830

The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, issued on 29 March 1830 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain, ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain, which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain with the mixed succession system that predated the Bourbon monarchy (see also Carlism).

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President of the Board of Control

The President of the Board of Control was a British government official in the late 18th and early 19th century responsible for overseeing the British East India Company and generally serving as the chief official in London responsible for Indian affairs.

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President of the Board of Trade

The President of the Board of Trade is head of the Board of Trade.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the United Kingdom government.

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Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg

Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg (Felix Prinz zu Schwarzenberg; 2 October 1800 – 5 April 1852) was a Bohemian nobleman and an Austrian statesman who restored the Habsburg Empire as a European great power following the Revolutions of 1848.

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Province of Canada

The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in North America from 1841 to 1867.

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Queen Victoria

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death.

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Radicals (UK)

The Radicals were a loose parliamentary political grouping in Great Britain and Ireland in the early to mid-19th century, who drew on earlier ideas of radicalism and helped to transform the Whigs into the Liberal Party.

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Rathmines

Rathmines is an inner suburb on the southside of Dublin, about 3 kilometres south of the city centre.

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Rector of the University of Glasgow

The Lord Rector (more commonly known just as the Rector) of the University of Glasgow is one of the most senior posts within that institution, elected every three years by students.

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Reform Act 1832

The Representation of the People Act 1832 (known informally as the 1832 Reform Act, Great Reform Act or First Reform Act to distinguish it from subsequent Reform Acts) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom (indexed as 2 & 3 Will. IV c. 45) that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales.

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Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury

Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury, (30 June 1800 – 20 July 1873) was a British lawyer, judge and Liberal politician.

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Richard Cobden

Richard Cobden (3 June 1804 – 2 April 1865) was an English manufacturer and Radical and Liberal statesman, associated with two major free trade campaigns, the Anti-Corn Law League and the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty.

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Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons

Richard Bickerton Pemell Lyons, 1st Earl Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, 2nd Baron Lyons, 2nd Baronet, of Christchurch (26 April 1817 – 5 December 1887) was an eminent British diplomat, the favourite of Queen Victoria.

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Robert Conroy

Joseph Robert Conroy (August 24, 1938 – December 30, 2014) was an author of alternate history novels.

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Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool

Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was a British statesman and Prime Minister (1812–27).

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Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden

Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden, (27 October 1788 – 20 March 1870), styled Viscount Jocelyn between 1797 and 1820, was an Irish Tory politician and supporter of Protestant causes.

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Robert Peel

Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, (5 February 17882 July 1850) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1834–35 and 1841–46) and twice as Home Secretary (1822–27 and 1828–30).

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Robert Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth

Robert Monsey Rolfe, 1st Baron Cranworth, PC (18 December 1790 – 26 July 1868) was a British lawyer and Liberal politician.

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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh

Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, (18 June 1769 – 12 August 1822), usually known as Lord Castlereagh, which is derived from his courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh,The name Castlereagh derives from the baronies of Castlereagh (or Castellrioughe) and Ards, in which the manors of Newtownards and Comber were located.

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Robert Vernon, 1st Baron Lyveden

Robert Vernon, 1st Baron Lyveden, GCB, PC (23 February 1800 – 10 November 1873), known as Robert Vernon Smith until 1859, was a British Liberal Party politician.

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Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829

The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, passed by Parliament in 1829, was the culmination of the process of Catholic Emancipation throughout the UK.

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Romsey

Romsey is a market town in the county of Hampshire, England.

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Romsey Abbey

Romsey Abbey is a parish church of the Church of England in Romsey, a market town in Hampshire, England.

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Rotten and pocket boroughs

A rotten or pocket borough, more formally known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act 1832, which had a very small electorate and could be used by a patron to gain unrepresentative influence within the unreformed House of Commons.

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Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom

The Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom was a committee formed in 1859 to enquire into the ability of the United Kingdom to defend itself against an attempted invasion by a foreign power, and to advise the British Government on the remedial action required.

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Royal Navy Dockyard

Royal Navy Dockyards were harbour facilities where commissioned ships were either built or based, or where ships were overhauled and refitted.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.

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Schleswig-Holstein Question

The Schleswig-Holstein Question (Schleswig-Holsteinische Frage; Spørgsmålet om Sønderjylland og Holsten) was a complex set of diplomatic and other issues arising in the 19th century from the relations of two duchies, Schleswig (Sønderjylland/Slesvig) and Holstein (Holsten), to the Danish crown and to the German Confederation.

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Second Italian War of Independence

The Second Italian War of Independence, also called the Franco-Austrian War, Austro-Sardinian War or Italian War of 1859 (Campagne d'Italie), was fought by the French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859 and played a crucial part in the process of Italian unification.

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Second Opium War

The Second Opium War (第二次鴉片戰爭), the Second Anglo-Chinese War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a war pitting the United Kingdom and the French Empire against the Qing dynasty of China, lasting from 1856 to 1860.

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Second Schleswig War

The Second Schleswig War (2., Deutsch-Dänischer Krieg) was the second military conflict over the Schleswig-Holstein Question of the nineteenth century.

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Secretary at War

The Secretary at War was a political position in the English and later British government, with some responsibility over the administration and organization of the Army, but not over military policy.

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Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, normally referred to as the Foreign Secretary, is a senior, high-ranking official within the Government of the United Kingdom and head of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.

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Secretary of State for India

The Secretary of State for India or India Secretary was the British Cabinet minister and the political head of the India Office responsible for the governance of the British Raj (India), Aden, and Burma.

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Secretary of State for the Colonies

The Secretary of State for the Colonies or Colonial Secretary was the British Cabinet minister in charge of managing the United Kingdom's various colonial dependencies.

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Secretary of State for War

The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a British cabinet-level position, first held by Henry Dundas (appointed in 1794).

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Self-determination

The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.

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Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea

Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Lea, PC (16 September 1810 – 2 August 1861) was an English statesman and a close ally and confidant of Florence Nightingale.

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Siege of Sevastopol (1854–55)

The Siege of Sevastopol (at the time called in English the Siege of Sebastopol) lasted from September 1854 until September 1855, during the Crimean War.

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Sir George Grey, 2nd Baronet

Sir George Grey, 2nd Baronet, PC (11 May 1799 – 9 September 1882) was a British Whig politician.

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Sir George Staunton, 2nd Baronet

Sir George Thomas Staunton, 2nd Baronet (26 May 1781 – 10 August 1859) was an English traveller and Orientalist.

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Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet

Sir James Robert George Graham, 2nd Baronet GCB PC (1 June 1792 – 25 October 1861) was a British statesman.

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Sir John Doyle, 1st Baronet

General Sir John Doyle, 1st Baronet GCB, KCH (17568 August 1834) was an officer in the British Army, which he joined in March 1771.

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Sir John Walrond, 1st Baronet

Sir John Walrond Walrond, 1st Baronet (1 March 1818 – 23 April 1889), known as John Walrond Dickinson until 22 April 1845, was a British Conservative Party politician.

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Sir William Molesworth, 8th Baronet

Sir William Molesworth, 8th Baronet PC (23 May 1810 – 22 October 1855), was a Radical British politician, who served in the coalition cabinet of The Earl of Aberdeen from 1853 until his death in 1855 as First Commissioner of Works and then Colonial Secretary.

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Skyfall

Skyfall is a 2012 spy film, the twenty-third in the ''James Bond'' series produced by Eon Productions.

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Solitary confinement

Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an inmate is isolated from any human contact, often with the exception of members of prison staff, for 22–24 hours a day, with a sentence ranging from days to decades.

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South Hampshire (UK Parliament constituency)

South Hampshire (formally the Southern division of Hampshire) was a parliamentary constituency in the county of Hampshire, which returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.

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South Island

The South Island (Māori: Te Waipounamu) is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the smaller but more populous North Island.

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Southampton

Southampton is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire, England.

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Southsea

Southsea is a seaside resort and geographic area, located in Portsmouth at the southern end of Portsea Island, Hampshire, England.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Spencer Horatio Walpole

Spencer Horatio Walpole (11 September 1806 – 22 May 1898) was a British Conservative Party politician who served three times as Home Secretary in the administrations of Lord Derby.

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Spencer Perceval

Spencer Perceval (1 November 1762 – 11 May 1812) was a British statesman who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from October 1809 until his assassination in May 1812.

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St John's College, Cambridge

St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge (the full, formal name of the college is The Master, Fellows and Scholars of the College of St John the Evangelist in the University of Cambridge).

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State funeral

A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance.

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Sublime Porte

The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (باب عالی Bāb-ı Ālī or Babıali, from باب, bāb "gate" and عالي, alī "high"), is a synecdochic metonym for the central government of the Ottoman Empire.

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Taiping Rebellion

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion or total civil war in China that was waged from 1850 to 1864 between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom under Hong Xiuquan.

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Tasmania

Tasmania (abbreviated as Tas and known colloquially as Tassie) is an island state of Australia.

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The Right Honourable

The Right Honourable (The Rt Hon. or Rt Hon.) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and to certain collective bodies in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, India, some other Commonwealth realms, the Anglophone Caribbean, Mauritius, and occasionally elsewhere.

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The Simpsons

The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.

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Thirteen Factories

The Thirteen Factories also known as the, was a neighbourhood along the Pearl River in southwestern Guangzhou in the Qing Empire from to 1856.

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Thomas Barnes (journalist)

Thomas Barnes (11 September 1785 – 7 May 1841) was an English journalist, essayist, and editor.

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Thomas Chisholm Anstey

Thomas Chisholm Anstey (born London 1816 – died 12 August 1873) was an English lawyer and one of the first Catholic parliamentarians in the nineteenth century.

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Thomas Hyde Villiers

Thomas Hyde Villiers MP (24 January 1801 – 3 December 1832) was a British politician from the Villiers family.

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Thomas Milner Gibson

Thomas Milner Gibson PC (3 September 1806 – 25 February 1884) was a British politician.

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Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester

Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester PC, PC (Ire), FRS (28 April 1756 – 4 July 1826), styled The Honourable Thomas Pelham from 1768 until 1783, The Right Honourable Thomas Pelham from 1783 to 1801, and then known as Lord Pelham until 1805, was a British Whig politician.

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Thomas Woolner

Thomas Woolner (17 December 1825 – 7 October 1892) was an English sculptor and poet who was one of the founder-members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.

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Tiverton (UK Parliament constituency)

Tiverton was a constituency located in Tiverton in east Devon, formerly represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Tiverton, Devon

Tiverton is a town in the English county of Devon and the main commercial and administrative centre of the Mid Devon district.

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Tories (British political party)

The Tories were members of two political parties which existed sequentially in the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain and later the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from the 17th to the early 19th centuries.

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Toronto

Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario and the largest city in Canada by population, with 2,731,571 residents in 2016.

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Townhouse (Great Britain)

In British usage, the term "townhouse" originally refers to the town or city residence, in practice normally in London, of a member of the nobility or gentry, as opposed to their country seat, generally known as a country house or, colloquially, for the larger ones, stately home.

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Treaties of Tilsit

The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July 1807 in the aftermath of his victory at Friedland.

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Treaty of Constantinople (1832)

The Τreaty of Constantinople was the product of the Constantinople Conference which opened in February 1832 with the participation of the Great Powers (Britain, France and Russia) on the one hand and the Ottoman Empire on the other.

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Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi

The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi (once commonly spelled Unkiar Skelessi, and translating to The Treaty of "the Royal Pier" or "the Sultan's Pier") was a treaty signed between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire on July 8, 1833, following the military aid of Russia against Mehmed Ali that same year.

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Treaty of Nanking

The Treaty of Nanking or Nanjing was a peace treaty which ended the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China on 29 August 1842.

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Treaty of Paris (1856)

The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire, the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia.

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Treaty of Utrecht

The Treaty of Utrecht, which established the Peace of Utrecht, is a series of individual peace treaties, rather than a single document, signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713.

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Treaty ports

The treaty ports was the name given to the port cities in China and Japan that were opened to foreign trade by the unequal treaties with the Western powers.

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Trent Affair

The Trent Affair was a diplomatic incident in 1861 during the American Civil War that threatened a war between the United States and the United Kingdom.

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Truck Acts

Truck Acts is the name given to legislation that outlaws truck systems, which are also known as "company store" systems, commonly leading to debt bondage.

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Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde

Ulick John de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde KP, PC (20 December 1802 – 10 April 1874), styled Lord Dunkellin until 1808 and known as The Earl of Clanricarde between 1808 and 1825, was a British Whig politician.

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Union (American Civil War)

During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the Union, also known as the North, referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of President Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states, as well as 4 border and slave states (some with split governments and troops sent both north and south) that supported it.

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United Kingdom general election, 1806

The 1806 United Kingdom general election was the election of members to the 3rd Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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United Kingdom general election, 1807

The 1807 United Kingdom general election was the third general election to be held after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland.

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United Kingdom general election, 1857

In the 1857 United Kingdom general election, the Whigs, led by Lord Palmerston, finally won a majority in the House of Commons as the Conservative vote fell significantly.

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United Kingdom general election, 1859

In the 1859 United Kingdom general election, the Whigs, led by Lord Palmerston, held their majority in the House of Commons over the Earl of Derby's Conservatives.

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United Kingdom general election, 1865

The 1865 United Kingdom general election saw the Liberals, led by Lord Palmerston, increase their large majority over the Earl of Derby's Conservatives to more than 80.

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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.

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United Kingdom of the Netherlands

The United Kingdom of the Netherlands (Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden; Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas) is the unofficial name given to the Kingdom of the Netherlands as it existed between 1815 and 1839.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Secretary of State

The Secretary of State is a senior official of the federal government of the United States of America, and as head of the U.S. Department of State, is principally concerned with foreign policy and is considered to be the U.S. government's equivalent of a Minister for Foreign Affairs.

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University of Edinburgh

The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities.

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Vaccination Act

The UK Vaccination Acts of 1840, 1853, 1867 and 1898 were a series of legislative Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom regarding the vaccination policy of the country.

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Vicary Gibbs

Sir Vicary Gibbs (27 October 1751 – 8 February 1820) was an English judge and politician.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.

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Viscount

A viscount (for male) or viscountess (for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status.

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Viscount Palmerston

Viscount Palmerston was a title in the Peerage of Ireland.

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Wade Boggs

Wade Anthony Boggs (born June 15, 1958) is an American former professional baseball third baseman.

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Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia (Țara Românească; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania.

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Walthamstow

Walthamstow is the largest district of the London Borough of Waltham Forest in north-east London.

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Webster–Ashburton Treaty

The Webster–Ashburton Treaty, signed August 9, 1842, was a treaty that resolved several border issues between the United States and the British North American colonies (the region that became Canada).

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West End, Edinburgh

The West End (An Ceann Siar) of Edinburgh, Scotland, forms a large part of the city centre.

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Westminster

Westminster is an area of central London within the City of Westminster, part of the West End, on the north bank of the River Thames.

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Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster.

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Whigs (British political party)

The Whigs were a political faction and then a political party in the parliaments of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom.

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William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire

William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire (27 April 1808 – 21 December 1891), styled as Lord Cavendish of Keighley between 1831 and 1834 and known as The Earl of Burlington between 1834 and 1858, was a British landowner, benefactor, nobleman, and politician.

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William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland

William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (14 April 1738 – 30 October 1809) was a British Whig and Tory politician of the late Georgian era.

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William Cowper-Temple, 1st Baron Mount Temple

William Francis Cowper-Temple, 1st Baron Mount Temple PC (13 December 1811 – 16 October 1888), known as William Cowper (pronounced "Cooper") before 1869 and as William Cowper-Temple between 1869 and 1880, was a British Liberal statesman.

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William Ewart Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone, (29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party.

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William H. Seward

William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as Governor of New York and United States Senator.

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William Henry Gregory

Sir William Henry Gregory PC (Ire) KCMG (13 July 1816 – 6 March 1892) was an Anglo-Irish writer and politician, who is now less remembered than his wife Augusta, Lady Gregory, the playwright, co-founder and Director of Dublin's Abbey Theatre, literary hostess and folklorist.

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William Huskisson

William Huskisson PC (11 March 1770 – 15 September 1830) was a British statesman, financier, and Member of Parliament for several constituencies, including Liverpool.

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William I of the Netherlands

William I (Willem Frederik, Prince of Orange-Nassau; 24 August 1772 – 12 December 1843) was a Prince of Orange and the first King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg.

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William John Bankes

William John Bankes (11 December 1786 – 15 April 1855), the second, but first surviving, son of Henry Bankes MP, was a notable explorer, Egyptologist and adventurer.

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William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne

William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, (15 March 1779 – 24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830–1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835–1841).

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William Napier, 9th Lord Napier

William John Napier, 9th Lord Napier, Baron Napier FRSE (13 October 1786 – 11 October 1834) was a British Royal Navy officer and trade envoy in China.

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William Pitt the Younger

William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806) was a prominent British Tory statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham

William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, (15 November 1708 – 11 May 1778) was a British statesman of the Whig group who led the government of Great Britain twice in the middle of the 18th century.

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William Yates Peel

William Yates Peel (3 August 1789 – 1 June 1858), was a British Tory politician.

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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Ye Mingchen

Ye Mingchen (葉名琛, 18071859), also romanized as Yeh Ming-ch'en, was a high-ranking Chinese official during the Qing dynasty, known for his resistance to British influence in Canton (now known as Guangzhou) in the aftermath of the First Opium War and his role in the beginning of the Second Opium War.

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Young Ireland

Young Ireland (Éire Óg) was a political, cultural and social movement of the mid-19th century.

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Zhoushan

, formerly romanized as Chusan, is a prefecture-level "city" in northeastern Zhejiang Province in eastern China.

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10 Downing Street

10 Downing Street, colloquially known in the United Kingdom as Number 10, is the headquarters of the Government of the United Kingdom and the official residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury, a post which, for much of the 18th and 19th centuries and invariably since 1905, has been held by the Prime Minister.

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1862 (novel)

1862 is an alternate history novel by Robert Conroy.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston

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