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74 relations: Antibody, Antigen, Antigenic drift, Antigenic shift, Antimicrobial resistance, Baltimore, Bandwagon effect, Basic reproduction number, Blood plasma, Bone marrow, Capsid, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ceteris paribus, Chemotherapy, Contagious disease, Contraindication, Cost–benefit analysis, Cowpox, Diphtheria, Ebola virus disease, Endemic (epidemiology), Epidemiology, Epitope, Eradication of infectious diseases, Evolutionary pressure, Free-rider problem, Groupthink, HIV/AIDS, Immune system, Immunity (medical), Immunoglobulin G, Incidence (epidemiology), Infection, Influenza, Influenza pandemic, Influenza vaccine, Inoculation, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Measles, Measles vaccine, Memory T cell, Mouse, Mumps, Mutation, Norovirus, Peer pressure, Pneumococcal vaccine, Poliomyelitis, Premunity, ..., Prevalence, Public health, Radiation therapy, Rinderpest, Ring vaccination, Rotavirus, Rubella, Serotype, Serum (blood), Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Sexually transmitted infection, Smallpox, Social immunity, Spleen, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Susceptible individual, Tetanus, Vaccination, Vaccination policy, Vaccine controversies, Viral evolution, West African Ebola virus epidemic, Whooping cough, World Health Organization. Expand index (24 more) »
Antibody
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Antigen
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.
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Antigenic drift
Antigenic drift is a mechanism for variation in viruses that involves the accumulation of mutations within the genes that code for antibody-binding sites.
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Antigenic shift
Antigenic shift is the process by which two or more different strains of a virus, or strains of two or more different viruses, combine to form a new subtype having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two or more original strains.
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Antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR or AR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microbe.
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Baltimore
Baltimore is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maryland, and the 30th-most populous city in the United States.
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Bandwagon effect
The bandwagon effect is a phenomenon whereby the rate of uptake of beliefs, ideas, fads and trends increases the more that they have already been adopted by others.
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Basic reproduction number
In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number (sometimes called basic reproductive ratio, or incorrectly basic reproductive rate, and denoted R0, r nought) of an infection can be thought of as the number of cases one case generates on average over the course of its infectious period, in an otherwise uninfected population.
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Blood plasma
Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells.
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Bone marrow
Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue which may be found within the spongy or cancellous portions of bones.
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Capsid
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States.
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Ceteris paribus
Ceteris paribus or caeteris paribus is a Latin phrase meaning "other things equal".
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Contagious disease
A contagious disease is a subset category of transmissible diseases, which are transmitted to other persons, either by physical contact with the person suffering the disease, or by casual contact with their secretions or objects touched by them or airborne route among other routes.
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Contraindication
In medicine, a contraindication is a condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient.
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Cost–benefit analysis
Cost–benefit analysis (CBA), sometimes called benefit costs analysis (BCA), is a systematic approach to estimate the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives (for example in transactions, activities, functional business requirements or projects investments); it is used to determine options that provide the best approach to achieve benefits while preserving savings.
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Cowpox
Cowpox is an infectious disease caused by the cowpox virus.
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Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
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Ebola virus disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) or simply Ebola, is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses.
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Endemic (epidemiology)
In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic (from Greek ἐν en "in, within" and δῆμος demos "people") in a population when that infection is constantly maintained at a baseline level in a geographic area without external inputs.
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Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where) and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
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Epitope
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells.
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Eradication of infectious diseases
Eradication is the reduction of an infectious disease's prevalence in the global host population to zero.
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Evolutionary pressure
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a portion of a population potentially exerts evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure.
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Free-rider problem
In economics, the free-rider problem occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods, or services do not pay for them, which results in an underprovision of those goods or services.
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Groupthink
Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.
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HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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Immune system
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
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Immunity (medical)
In biology, immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases.
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Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody.
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Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence in epidemiology is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.
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Influenza pandemic
An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads on a worldwide scale and infects a large proportion of the world population.
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Influenza vaccine
Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots or flu jabs, are vaccines that protect against infection by Influenza viruses.
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Inoculation
The terms inoculation, vaccination and immunization are often used synonymously to refer to artificial induction of immunity against various infectious diseases.
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Leukemia
Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.
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Lymphoma
Lymphoma is a group of blood cancers that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell).
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Measles
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.
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Measles vaccine
Measles vaccine is a vaccine that prevents measles.
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Memory T cell
Memory T cells are a subset of infection- and cancer-fighting T cells (also known as a T lymphocyte) that have previously encountered and responded to their cognate antigen; thus, the term antigen-experienced T cell is often applied.
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Mouse
A mouse (Mus), plural mice, is a small rodent characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail and a high breeding rate.
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Mumps
Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus.
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Mutation
In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
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Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes referred to as the winter vomiting bug, is the most common cause of gastroenteritis.
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Peer pressure
Peer pressure (or social pressure) is the direct influence on people by peers, or the effect on an individual who gets encouraged to follow their peers by changing their attitudes, values or behaviors to conform to those of the influencing group or individual.
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Pneumococcal vaccine
Pneumococcal vaccines are vaccines against the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.
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Premunity
Premunity is a term used to signify progressive development of immunity in individuals exposed to an infective agent, mainly belonging to protozoa and Rickettsia, but not in viruses.
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Prevalence
Prevalence in epidemiology is the proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seat-belt use).
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Public health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".
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Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.
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Rinderpest
Rinderpest (also cattle plague or steppe murrain) was an infectious viral disease of cattle, domestic buffalo, and many other species of even-toed ungulates, including buffaloes, large antelope and deer, giraffes, wildebeests, and warthogs.
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Ring vaccination
Ring vaccination is a strategy to inhibit the spread of a disease by vaccinating only those who are most likely to be infected.
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Rotavirus
Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhoeal disease among infants and young children.
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Rubella
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by the rubella virus.
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Serotype
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals.
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Serum (blood)
In blood, the serum is the component that is neither a blood cell (serum does not contain white or red blood cells) nor a clotting factor; it is the blood plasma not including the fibrinogens.
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
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Sexually transmitted infection
Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex.
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Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Social immunity
Social immunity is any antiparasite defence which is mounted for the benefit of individuals other than the actor.
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Spleen
The spleen is an organ found in virtually all vertebrates.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic (under aerobic conditions) or beta-hemolytic (under anaerobic conditions), facultative anaerobic member of the genus Streptococcus.
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Susceptible individual
In epidemiology a susceptible individual (sometimes known simply as a susceptible) is a member of a population who is at risk of becoming infected by a disease.
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Tetanus
Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms.
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Vaccination
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen.
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Vaccination policy
Vaccination policy refers to the health policy a government adopts in relation to vaccination.
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Vaccine controversies
Vaccine controversies have occurred since almost 80 years before the terms vaccine and vaccination were introduced, and continue to this day.
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Viral evolution
Viral evolution is a subfield of evolutionary biology and virology that is specifically concerned with the evolution of viruses.
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West African Ebola virus epidemic
The West African Ebola virus epidemic (2013–2016) was the most widespread outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in history—causing major loss of life and socioeconomic disruption in the region, mainly in the countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.
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Whooping cough
Whooping cough (also known as pertussis or 100-day cough) is a highly contagious bacterial disease.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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Redirects here:
Community immunity, Herd effect, Herd immunity level, Herd immunity threshold, Herding immunity, Immunity, herd.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd_immunity
