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79 relations: Act of Independence of Central America, Agustín de Iturbide, Antigua Guatemala, Atlantic Ocean, Aztecs, Banana Republic, Belize, Braulio Carrillo Colina, British Honduras, Captaincy General of Guatemala, Cédula de identidad, Central America, Central American Integration System, Central American Parliament, Chiapas, Chibchan languages, Cholera, Civil war, Cortes of Cádiz, Costa Rica, Criollo people, Declaration of independence, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Federal republic, Ferdinand VII of Spain, First Mexican Empire, Flag, Football War, Francisco Morazán, Free trade, French Revolution, Gabino Gaínza, Greater Republic of Central America, Guatemala, Guatemala City, History of Belize, History of Costa Rica, History of El Salvador, History of Guatemala, History of Honduras, History of Nicaragua, History of Panama, Honduras, Import substitution industrialization, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, International Organization for Migration, Isthmo-Colombian Area, John Tate Lanning, José Santos Zelaya, ..., Justo Rufino Barrios, Liberalism, List of national independence days, Los Altos, Central America, Marco Aurelio Soto, Maya peoples, Mesoamerica, Mexico City, Murdo J. MacLeod, New Spain, Nicaragua, Pacific Ocean, Panama, Peninsular War, Phrygian cap, Pre-Columbian era, Privatization, Quetzaltenango, Rafael Zaldívar, Republic, Spanish Constitution of 1812, Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, United Fruit Company, United States, Vicente Filisola, Viceroy, Western Caribbean Zone, William Walker (filibuster), 1811 Independence Movement. Expand index (29 more) »
Act of Independence of Central America
The Act of Independence of Central America, also known as the Act of Independence of Guatemala, is the legal document by which the Provincial Council of the Province of Guatemala proclaimed the independence of Central America from the Spanish Empire and invited the other provinces of the Captaincy General of Guatemala to send envoys to a congress to decide the form of the region's independence.
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Agustín de Iturbide
Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu (27 September 178319 July 1824), also known as Augustine of Mexico, was a Mexican army general and politician.
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Antigua Guatemala
Antigua Guatemala, commonly referred to as just Antigua or la Antigua, is a city in the central highlands of Guatemala famous for its well-preserved Spanish Baroque-influenced architecture as well as a number of ruins of colonial churches.
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Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.
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Aztecs
The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521.
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Banana Republic
Banana Republic is an American clothing and accessories retailer owned by American multinational corporation, Gap Inc. It was founded in 1978, by Mel and Patricia Ziegler with the name "Banana Republic Travel & Safari Clothing Company", with a safari theme; in 1983, Gap purchased the company, changed the name to simply "Banana Republic", and gave it a more upscale image.
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Belize
Belize, formerly British Honduras, is an independent Commonwealth realm on the eastern coast of Central America.
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Braulio Carrillo Colina
Braulio Evaristo Carrillo Colina (March 20, 1800, Cartago, Costa Rica – May 15, 1845) was the Head of State of Costa Rica (the title as it was known before the reform of 1848) during two periods: the first between 1835 and 1837, and the de facto between 1838 and 1842.
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British Honduras
British Honduras was a British Crown colony on the east coast of Central America, south of Mexico, from 1862 to 1964, then a self-governing colony, renamed Belize in June 1973,, Caribbean Community.
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Captaincy General of Guatemala
The Captaincy General of Guatemala (Capitanía General de Guatemala), also known as the Kingdom of Guatemala (Spanish: Reino de Guatemala), was an administrative division of the Spanish Empire, under the viceroyalty of New Spain in Central America, including the present-day nations of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Belize and Guatemala, and the Mexican state of Chiapas.
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Cédula de identidad
Cedula (Latin) means, in general, an order or authorization; in earlier times such a document on the authority of a king, or a royal decree, which for Spain and Spanish America was a decree issued directly by the monarch.
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Central America
Central America (América Central, Centroamérica) is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with the South American continent on the southeast.
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Central American Integration System
The Central American Integration System (Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, or SICA) has been the economic and political organization of Central American states since February 1, 1993.
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Central American Parliament
The Central American Parliament (Parlamento Centroamericano), also known as PARLACEN, is the political institution and parliamentary body of the Central American Integration System (SICA).
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Chiapas
Chiapas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.
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Chibchan languages
The Chibchan languages (also Chibchan, Chibchano) make up a language family indigenous to the Isthmo-Colombian Area, which extends from eastern Honduras to northern Colombia and includes populations of these countries as well as Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.
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Cholera
Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
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Civil war
A civil war, also known as an intrastate war in polemology, is a war between organized groups within the same state or country.
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Cortes of Cádiz
The Cádiz Cortes was the first national assembly to claim sovereignty in Spain.
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Costa Rica
Costa Rica ("Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica (República de Costa Rica), is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island.
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Criollo people
The Criollo is a term which, in modern times, has diverse meanings, but is most commonly associated with Latin Americans who are of full or near full Spanish descent, distinguishing them from both multi-racial Latin Americans and Latin Americans of post-colonial (and not necessarily Spanish) European immigrant origin.
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Declaration of independence
A declaration of independence or declaration of statehood is an assertion by a defined territory that it is independent and constitutes a state.
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic (República Dominicana) is a sovereign state located in the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region.
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El Salvador
El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador (República de El Salvador, literally "Republic of The Savior"), is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America.
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Federal republic
A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government.
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Ferdinand VII of Spain
Ferdinand VII (Fernando; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was twice King of Spain: in 1808 and again from 1813 to his death.
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First Mexican Empire
The Mexican Empire (Imperio Mexicano) was a short-lived monarchy and the first independent post-colonial state in Mexico.
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Flag
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colors.
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Football War
The Football War (La guerra del fútbol), also known as the Soccer War or the 100 Hour War, was a brief war fought between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969.
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Francisco Morazán
Francisco Morazán (born October 3, 1792 – September 15, 1842) was a Honduran politician who was president of the Federal Republic of Central America from 1830 to 1839.
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Free trade
Free trade is a free market policy followed by some international markets in which countries' governments do not restrict imports from, or exports to, other countries.
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French Revolution
The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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Gabino Gaínza
Gabino or Gavino Gaínza y Fernández de Medrano (October 20, 1753 or 1760, depending on the source, Guipúzcoa, País Vasco, Spain – c. 1829, México City) was a Spanish military officer and politician in Spain's American colonies.
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Greater Republic of Central America
The Greater Republic of Central America was a short-lived union between Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador, lasting from 1896 to 1898.
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Guatemala
Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala (República de Guatemala), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast.
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Guatemala City
Guatemala City (Ciudad de Guatemala), locally known as Guatemala or Guate, officially Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción (New Guatemala of the Assumption), is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Guatemala, and the most populous in Central America.
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History of Belize
The History of Belize dates back thousands of years.
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History of Costa Rica
The first natives in Costa Rica were hunters and gatherers, and Costa Rica served as an intermediate region between Mesoamerican and Andean native cultures.
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History of El Salvador
The history of El Salvador begins with several Mesoamerican nations, especially the Cuzcatlecs, as well as the Lenca and Maya.
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History of Guatemala
The Maya civilization (2,000 BC – 250 AD) was among those that flourished in the region, with little contact with cultures outside Mesoamerica.
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History of Honduras
Honduras was already occupied by many indigenous peoples when the Spanish arrived in the 16th century.
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History of Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the third least densely populated nation in Central America, with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors.
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History of Panama
The History of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama.
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Honduras
Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras (República de Honduras), is a republic in Central America.
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Import substitution industrialization
Import substitution industrialization (ISI) is a trade and economic policy which advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production.
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Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.
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International Organization for Migration
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is an intergovernmental organization that provides services and advice concerning migration to governments and migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees, and migrant workers.
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Isthmo-Colombian Area
The Isthmo-Colombian Area is defined as a cultural area encompassing those territories occupied predominantly by speakers of the Chibchan languages at the time of European contact.
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John Tate Lanning
John Tate Lanning (born 1902, died 15 August 1976, Durham, North Carolina) was a historian of Spanish America and held the James B. Duke Professor Emeritus position at Duke University.
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José Santos Zelaya
José Santos Zelaya López (1 November 1853 Managua – 17 May 1919 New York City) was the President of Nicaragua from 25 July 1893 to 21 December 1909.
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Justo Rufino Barrios
Justo Rufino Barrios (July 19, 1835 – April 2, 1885) was a Guatemalan politician who was President of Guatemala from 1873 to 1885.
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Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality.
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List of national independence days
An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state; more rarely after the end of a military occupation; and in the unique case of Singapore, expulsion from Malaysia.
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Los Altos, Central America
Los Altos (Spanish for "the highlands" or "the heights") was the sixth state of the Federal Republic of Central America, and a short-lived independent republic.
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Marco Aurelio Soto
Marco Aurelio Soto (13 November, 1846—25 February, 1908) was President of Honduras from 27 August 1876 until 19 October 1883.
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Maya peoples
The Maya peoples are a large group of Indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica.
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Mesoamerica
Mesoamerica is an important historical region and cultural area in the Americas, extending from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, and within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.
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Mexico City
Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Ciudad de México,; abbreviated as CDMX), is the capital of Mexico and the most populous city in North America.
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Murdo J. MacLeod
Murdo J. MacLeod is a Scottish historian of Latin America, publishing extensively on the history of colonial-era Central America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic world.
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New Spain
The Viceroyalty of New Spain (Virreinato de la Nueva España) was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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Nicaragua
Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the largest country in the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
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Panama
Panama (Panamá), officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá), is a country in Central America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south.
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Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was a military conflict between Napoleon's empire (as well as the allied powers of the Spanish Empire), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Kingdom of Portugal, for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars.
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Phrygian cap
The Phrygian cap or liberty cap is a soft conical cap with the top pulled forward, associated in antiquity with several peoples in Eastern Europe and Anatolia, including Phrygia, Dacia, and the Balkans.
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Pre-Columbian era
The Pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continents, spanning the time of the original settlement in the Upper Paleolithic period to European colonization during the Early Modern period.
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Privatization
Privatization (also spelled privatisation) is the purchase of all outstanding shares of a publicly traded company by private investors, or the sale of a state-owned enterprise to private investors.
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Quetzaltenango
Quetzaltenango, also known by its Maya name, Xelajú or Xela, is the second largest city of Guatemala.
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Rafael Zaldívar
Rafael Zaldívar (San Alejo, 1834 – Paris, 2 March 1903) was President of El Salvador from 1 May 1876 until 21 June 1885, and later a diplomat.
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Republic
A republic (res publica) is a form of government in which the country is considered a "public matter", not the private concern or property of the rulers.
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Spanish Constitution of 1812
The Political Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy (Constitución Política de la Monarquía Española), also known as the Constitution of Cádiz (Constitución de Cádiz) and as La Pepa, was the first Constitution of Spain and one of the earliest constitutions in world history.
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Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez
General Tomás Miguel Guardia Gutiérrez (December 16, 1831 – July 6, 1882) was President of Costa Rica on two occasions: from 1870 to 1876, and from 1877 to 1882.
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United Fruit Company
The United Fruit Company was an American corporation that traded in tropical fruit (primarily bananas), grown on Central and South American plantations, and sold in the United States and Europe.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Vicente Filisola
Vicente Filisola (sometimes Vicente Filísola, with an acute accent on the second syllable) (c. 1789, Ravello, Italy – July 23, 1850, Mexico City) was a Spanish military figure, Mexican military and political figure in the 19th century.
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Viceroy
A viceroy is a regal official who runs a country, colony, city, province, or sub-national state, in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory.
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Western Caribbean Zone
The Western Caribbean Zone is a region consisting of the Caribbean coasts of Central America, from Yucatán in Mexico to northern Colombia, and also the islands west of Jamaica.
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William Walker (filibuster)
William Walker (May 8, 1824 – September 12, 1860) was an American physician, lawyer, journalist and mercenary who organized several private military expeditions into Latin America, with the intention of establishing English-speaking slave colonies under his personal control, an enterprise then known as "filibustering".
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1811 Independence Movement
The 1811 Independence Movement known in El Salvador as the Primer grito de independencia (First Shout of Independence) was the first of a series of revolts in Central America in El Salvador against Spanish colonialism and dependency on the Captaincy General of Guatemala.
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Redirects here:
Central American Republic, Central American declarations of independence, Confederation of Central America, Federacion de Centro America, Federation of Central America, History of central america.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Central_America
