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Punched card

Index Punched card

A punched card or punch card is a piece of stiff paper that can be used to contain digital data represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. [1]

106 relations: Addison-Wesley, Aperture card, Automation, Baen Books, Basile Bouchon, BCD (character encoding), Binary number, Bit, Bit field, Bletchley Park, Brian De Palma, British Tabulating Machine Company, Card image, Central Bureau, Chad (paper), Character encoding, Characters per line, Charles Babbage, Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, Columbia University, Computer, Computer data storage, Computer program, Computer programming in the punched card era, Computer terminal, Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, Conductor (rail), Consent decree, Consolidation (business), Continuous stationery, Data (computing), Data processing, Data processing system, Data storage, Dehomag, Digital data, Disk storage, Do Not Fold, Spindle or Mutilate, Doris Miles Disney, Draft-card burning, EBCDIC, Electromechanics, Engineering drawing, Federal government of the United States, FITS, Free Speech Movement, George Cogar, Graphical user interface, Groupe Bull, Herman Hollerith, ..., History of computing hardware, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, IBM, IBM 3270, IBM card sorter, IBM System/3, Jacques de Vaucanson, Joseph Marie Jacquard, Jules Carpentier, Keypunch, Kimball tag, Lace card, Leslie Comrie, Loom, Magnetic tape data storage, Manila paper, Mark sense, Maya Lin, Microform, Minicomputer, MIT Press, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Mother's Day (Futurama), Much Apu About Nothing, Pantograph, Paper data storage, Paperboard, PDF, Penny, Pound sterling, Powers Accounting Machine, Public art, Pump organ, Punched card input/output, Punched tape, Put Your Head on My Shoulders, Relay logic, Remington Rand, Rescue Party, Reynold B. Johnson, Semyon Korsakov, Shed (weaving), Shilling, Spindle (stationery), Tabulating machine, Text mode, The New York Times, Thomas J. Watson, Ticket punch, Unit record equipment, United States Census Bureau, UNITYPER, Voting machine, World War II, Yes–no question, 1890 United States Census. Expand index (56 more) »

Addison-Wesley

Addison-Wesley is a publisher of textbooks and computer literature.

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Aperture card

An aperture card is a type of punched card with a cut-out window into which a chip of microfilm is mounted.

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Automation

Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed without human assistance.

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Baen Books

Baen Books is an American publishing house for science fiction and fantasy.

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Basile Bouchon

Basile Bouchon was a textile worker in the silk center in Lyon who invented a way to control a loom with a perforated paper tape in 1725.

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BCD (character encoding)

BCD ("Binary-Coded Decimal"), also called alphanumeric BCD, alphameric BCD, BCD Interchange Code, or BCDIC, is a family of representations of numerals, uppercase Latin letters, and some special and control characters as six-bit character codes.

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Binary number

In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one).

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Bit

The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.

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Bit field

A bit field is a data structure used in computer programming.

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Bletchley Park

Bletchley Park was the central site for British (and subsequently, Allied) codebreakers during World War II.

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Brian De Palma

Brian Russell De Palma (born September 11, 1940) is an American film director and screenwriter.

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British Tabulating Machine Company

The British Tabulating Machine Company (BTM) was a firm which manufactured and sold Hollerith unit record equipment and other data-processing equipment.

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Card image

Card image is an archaic term for a character string, usually 80 characters in length, that was, or could be, contained on a single punched card.

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Central Bureau

The Central Bureau was one of two Allied Signals intelligence (SIGINT) organisations in the South West Pacific area (SWPA) during World War II.

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Chad (paper)

Chad refers to fragments sometimes created when holes are made in a paper, card or similar synthetic materials, such as computer punched tape or punched cards.

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Character encoding

Character encoding is used to represent a repertoire of characters by some kind of encoding system.

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Characters per line

In typography and computing characters per line (CPL) or terminal width refers to the maximal number of monospaced characters that may appear on a single line.

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Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage (26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English polymath.

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Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914

The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 (codified at), was a part of United States antitrust law with the goal of adding further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime; the Clayton Act sought to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency.

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Columbia University

Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.

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Computer

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.

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Computer data storage

Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.

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Computer program

A computer program is a collection of instructions for performing a specific task that is designed to solve a specific class of problems.

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Computer programming in the punched card era

From the invention of computer programming languages up to the mid-1970s, many if not most computer programmers created, edited and stored their programs line by line on punched cards.

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Computer terminal

A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying or printing data from, a computer or a computing system.

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Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company

The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) was a holding company of manufacturers of record-keeping and measuring systems subsequently known as IBM.

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Conductor (rail)

A conductor (American and Canadian English) or guard (Commonwealth English) is a train crew member responsible for operational and safety duties that do not involve actual operation of the train.

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Consent decree

A consent decree is an agreement or settlement that resolves a dispute between two parties without admission of guilt (in a criminal case) or liability (in a civil case), and most often refers to such a type of settlement in the United States.

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Consolidation (business)

In business, consolidation or amalgamation is the merger and acquisition of many smaller companies into a few much larger ones.

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Continuous stationery

Continuous stationery (UK) or continuous form paper (US) is paper which is designed for use with dot-matrix and line printers with appropriate paper-feed mechanisms.

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Data (computing)

Data (treated as singular, plural, or as a mass noun) is any sequence of one or more symbols given meaning by specific act(s) of interpretation.

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Data processing

Data processing is, generally, "the collection and manipulation of items of data to produce meaningful information." In this sense it can be considered a subset of information processing, "the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer." Data processing is distinct from word processing, which is manipulation of text specifically rather than data generally.

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Data processing system

A data processing system is a combination of machines, people, and processes that for a set of inputs produces a defined set of outputs.

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Data storage

Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium.

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Dehomag

Dehomag was a German subsidiary of IBM with monopoly in the German market before and during World War II.

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Digital data

Digital data, in information theory and information systems, is the discrete, discontinuous representation of information or works.

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Disk storage

Disk storage (also sometimes called drive storage) is a general category of storage mechanisms where data is recorded by various electronic, magnetic, optical, or mechanical changes to a surface layer of one or more rotating disks.

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Do Not Fold, Spindle or Mutilate

Do Not Fold, Spindle or Mutilate is an American television film made for the 90-minute series ABC Movie of the Week which broadcast it on November 9, 1971.

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Doris Miles Disney

Doris Miles Disney (December 22, 1907 – March 9, 1976) was an American mystery writer.

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Draft-card burning

Draft-card burning was a symbol of protest performed by thousands of young men in the US and Australia in the 1960s and early 1970s.

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EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer operating systems.

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Electromechanics

In engineering, electromechanics combines processes and procedures drawn from electrical engineering and mechanical engineering.

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Engineering drawing

An engineering drawing, a type of technical drawing, is used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items.

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Federal government of the United States

The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.

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FITS

Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is an open standard defining a digital file format useful for storage, transmission and processing of data: formatted as N-dimensional arrays (for example a 2D image), or tables.

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Free Speech Movement

The Free Speech Movement (FSM) was a massive, long-lasting student protest which took place during the 1964–65 academic year on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.

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George Cogar

George R. Cogar (born 1932) was the head of the UNIVAC 1004 electronic design team code named the "bumblebee project", and later the "barn project", and co-founder of Mohawk Data Sciences Corporation, a Herkimer, N.Y.-based multimillion-dollar business built largely on his invention of the magnetic tape encoder, which was introduced in 1965 and eliminated the need for keypunches and punched cards by direct encoding on tape.

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Graphical user interface

The graphical user interface (GUI), is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.

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Groupe Bull

Bull SAS (also known as Groupe Bull, Bull Information Systems, or simply Bull) is a French-owned computer company headquartered in Les Clayes-sous-Bois, in the western suburbs of Paris.

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Herman Hollerith

Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was an American inventor who developed an electromechanical punched card tabulator to assist in summarizing information and, later, accounting.

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History of computing hardware

The history of computing hardware covers the developments from early simple devices to aid calculation to modern day computers.

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Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH) is an educational and trade publisher in the United States.

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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IBM 3270

The IBM 3270 is a class of block oriented computer terminal (sometimes called display devices) introduced by IBM in 1971 normally used to communicate with IBM mainframes.

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IBM card sorter

An IBM card sorter is a machine for sorting decks of punched cards in the format popularized by the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), which dominated the punched card data processing industry for much of the twentieth century.

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IBM System/3

The IBM System/3 was an IBM midrange computer introduced in 1969, and marketed until 1985.

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Jacques de Vaucanson

Jacques de Vaucanson (February 24, 1709 – November 21, 1782) was a French inventor and artist who was responsible for the creation of impressive and innovative automata.

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Joseph Marie Jacquard

Joseph Marie Charles dit (called or nicknamed) Jacquard (7 July 1752 – 7 August 1834), was a French weaver and merchant.

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Jules Carpentier

Jules Carpentier (1851 – 1921) was a French engineer and inventor.

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Keypunch

A keypunch is a device for precisely punching holes into stiff paper cards at specific locations as determined by keys struck by a human operator.

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Kimball tag

A Kimball tag was a cardboard tag that included both human and machine-readable data to support punched card processing.

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Lace card

A lace card is a punched card with all holes punched (also called a whoopee card, ventilator card, flyswatter card, or IBM doily).

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Leslie Comrie

Leslie John Comrie FRS (15 August 1893 – 11 December 1950) was an astronomer and a pioneer in mechanical computation.

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Loom

A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry.

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Magnetic tape data storage

Magnetic tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording.

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Manila paper

Manila paper is a relatively inexpensive type of paper, generally made through a less refined process than other types of paper.

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Mark sense

Electrographic is a term used for punched-card and page-scanning technology that allowed cards or pages marked with a pencil to be processed or converted into punched cards.

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Maya Lin

Maya Ying Lin (born October 5, 1959) is an American designer, architect and artist who is known for her work in sculpture and land art.

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Microform

Microforms are scaled-down reproductions of documents, typically either films or paper, made for the purposes of transmission, storage, reading, and printing.

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Minicomputer

A minicomputer, or colloquially mini, is a class of smaller computers that was developed in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframe and mid-size computers from IBM and its direct competitors.

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MIT Press

The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States).

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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.

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Mother's Day (Futurama)

"Mother's Day" is fourteenth episode in the second broadcast season of the American animated television series Futurama.

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Much Apu About Nothing

"Much Apu About Nothing" is the 23rd episode of The Simpsons' seventh season.

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Pantograph

A pantograph (Greek roots παντ- "all, every" and γραφ- "to write", from their original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one pen, in tracing an image, produces identical movements in a second pen.

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Paper data storage

Paper data storage refers to the use of paper as a data storage device.

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Paperboard

Paperboard is a thick paper-based material.

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PDF

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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Penny

A penny is a coin (. pennies) or a unit of currency (pl. pence) in various countries.

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Pound sterling

The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known as the pound and less commonly referred to as Sterling, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha.

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Powers Accounting Machine

The Powers Accounting Machine was an information processing device developed in the early 20th century for the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Public art

Public art is art in any media that has been planned and executed with the intention of being staged in the physical public domain, usually outside and accessible to all.

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Pump organ

The pump organ, reed organ, harmonium, or melodeon is a type of free-reed organ that generates sound as air flows past a vibrating piece of thin metal in a frame.

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Punched card input/output

A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards.

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Punched tape

Punched tape or perforated paper tape is a form of data storage, consisting of a long strip of paper in which holes are punched to store data.

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Put Your Head on My Shoulders

"Put Your Head on My Shoulders" is the seventh episode in the second season of the American animated television series Futurama.

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Relay logic

Relay logic is a method of implementing combinational logic in electrical control circuits by using several electrical relays wired in a particular configuration.

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Remington Rand

Remington Rand (1927–1955) was an early American business machines manufacturer, best known originally as a typewriter manufacturer and in a later incarnation as the manufacturer of the UNIVAC line of mainframe computers.

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Rescue Party

"Rescue Party" is a short story by Arthur C. Clarke, first published in Astounding Science Fiction in May 1946.

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Reynold B. Johnson

Reynold B. Johnson (July 16, 1906September 15, 1998) was an American inventor and computer pioneer.

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Semyon Korsakov

Semyon Nikolaevich Korsakov (Семён Николаевич Корсаков, Semyon Nikolayevich Korsakov) (January 14, 1787 – December 1, 1853 OS) was a Russian government official, noted both as a homeopath and an inventor who was involved with an early version of information technology.

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Shed (weaving)

In weaving, the shed is the temporary separation between upper and lower warp yarns through which the weft is woven.

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Shilling

The shilling is a unit of currency formerly used in Austria, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, United States, and other British Commonwealth countries.

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Spindle (stationery)

A spindle (or colloquially, a spike) is an upright spike used to hold papers waiting for processing.

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Tabulating machine

The tabulating machine was an electromechanical machine designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punched cards.

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Text mode

Text mode is a computer display mode in which content is internally represented on a computer screen in terms of characters rather than individual pixels.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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Thomas J. Watson

Thomas John Watson Sr. (February 17, 1874 – June 19, 1956) was an American businessman.

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Ticket punch

A ticket punch (or control nippers) is a hand tool for permanently marking admission tickets and similar items of paper or card stock.

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Unit record equipment

Starting at the end of the nineteenth century, well before the advent of electronic computers, data processing was performed using electromechanical machines called unit record equipment, electric accounting machines (EAM) or tabulating machines.

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United States Census Bureau

The United States Census Bureau (USCB; officially the Bureau of the Census, as defined in Title) is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy.

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UNITYPER

The UNITYPER was an input device for the UNIVAC I computer.

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Voting machine

A voting machine is a machine used to register and tabulate votes.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yes–no question

In linguistics, a yes–no question, formally known as a polar question or a general question, is a question whose expected answer is either "yes" or "no".

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1890 United States Census

The Eleventh United States Census was taken beginning June 2, 1890.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card

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