Table of Contents
199 relations: Abscisic acid, Academic Press, Adipokine, Adrenaline, Alpha helix, Alternative splicing, Amino acid, Anatomy, Ancient Greek, Animal, Apoptosis, Arachidonic acid, Arnold Adolph Berthold, Autocrine signaling, Autoimmune disease, Auxin, Behavior, Biological life cycle, Biologist, Biosynthesis, Blood sugar level, Brassinosteroid, Brown algae, Cell membrane, Cell nucleus, Cell signaling, Cell surface receptor, Charles Darwin, Chemical substance, Chicken, Circadian rhythm, Circulatory system, CLE peptide, Coleoptile, Combat, Cortisol, Crustacean, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Cyclooxygenase, Cytokine, Cytokinin, Cytoplasm, Dermatology, Development of the human body, Diabetes, Digestion, DNA, Downregulation and upregulation, Duct (anatomy), Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer, ... Expand index (149 more) »
- Hormones
Abscisic acid
Abscisic acid (ABA or abscisin II) is a plant hormone.
Academic Press
Academic Press (AP) is an academic book publisher founded in 1941.
See Hormone and Academic Press
Adipokine
The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek adipo-, fat; cytos-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue.
Adrenaline
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).
Alpha helix
An alpha helix (or α-helix) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).
Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants.
See Hormone and Alternative splicing
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.
Anatomy
Anatomy is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts.
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from falling off) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast. Hormone and Apoptosis are cell signaling and signal transduction.
Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4(ω-6), or 20:4(5,8,11,14).
See Hormone and Arachidonic acid
Arnold Adolph Berthold
Arnold Adolph Berthold (also Arnold Adolf Berthold) (26 February 1803, in Soest – 3 January 1861, in Göttingen) was a German scientist, most notably a physiologist and zoologist.
See Hormone and Arnold Adolph Berthold
Autocrine signaling
Autocrine signaling is a form of cell signaling in which a cell secretes a hormone or chemical messenger (called the autocrine agent) that binds to autocrine receptors on that same cell, leading to changes in the cell. Hormone and autocrine signaling are signal transduction.
See Hormone and Autocrine signaling
Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition that results from an anomalous response of the adaptive immune system, wherein it mistakenly targets and attacks healthy, functioning parts of the body as if they were foreign organisms.
See Hormone and Autoimmune disease
Auxin
Auxins (plural of auxin) are a class of plant hormones (or plant-growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics.
Behavior
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals, organisms, systems or artificial entities in some environment.
Biological life cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of stages of the life of an organism, that begins as a zygote, often in an egg, and concludes as an adult that reproduces, producing an offspring in the form of a new zygote which then itself goes through the same series of stages, the process repeating in a cyclic fashion.
See Hormone and Biological life cycle
Biologist
A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology.
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occuring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex products.
Blood sugar level
The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood.
See Hormone and Blood sugar level
Brassinosteroid
Brassinosteroids (BRs or less commonly BS) are a class of polyhydroxysteroids that have been recognized as a sixth class of plant hormones and may have utility as anticancer drugs for treating endocrine-responsive cancers by inducing apoptosis of cancer cells and inhibiting cancerous growth.
See Hormone and Brassinosteroid
Brown algae
Brown algae (alga) are a large group of multicellular algae comprising the class Phaeophyceae.
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
Cell nucleus
The cell nucleus (nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
Cell signaling
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Hormone and cell signaling are human female endocrine system.
See Hormone and Cell signaling
Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. Hormone and cell surface receptor are cell signaling.
See Hormone and Cell surface receptor
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.
See Hormone and Charles Darwin
Chemical substance
A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties.
See Hormone and Chemical substance
Chicken
The chicken (Gallus domesticus) is a large and round short-winged bird, domesticated from the red junglefowl of Southeast Asia around 8,000 years ago. Most chickens are raised for food, providing meat and eggs; others are kept as pets or for cockfighting. Chickens are common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion, and an annual production of more than 50 billion birds.
Circadian rhythm
A circadian rhythm, or circadian cycle, is a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours. Hormone and circadian rhythm are physiology.
See Hormone and Circadian rhythm
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.
See Hormone and Circulatory system
CLE peptide
CLE peptides (CLAVATA3/Embryo Surrounding Region-Related) are a group of peptides found in plants that are involved with cell signaling. Hormone and CLE peptide are cell signaling.
Coleoptile
Coleoptile is the pointed protective sheath covering the emerging shoot in monocotyledons such as grasses in which few leaf primordia and shoot apex of monocot embryo remain enclosed.
Combat
Combat (French for fight) is a purposeful violent conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition.
Cortisol
Cortisol is a steroid hormone in the glucocorticoid class of hormones and a stress hormone.
Crustacean
Crustaceans are a group of arthropods that are a part of the subphylum Crustacea, a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthropods including decapods (shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish), seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, opossum shrimps, amphipods and mantis shrimp.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. Hormone and cyclic adenosine monophosphate are cell signaling and signal transduction.
See Hormone and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclooxygenase
Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme (specifically, a family of isozymes) that is responsible for biosynthesis of prostanoids, including thromboxane and prostaglandins such as prostacyclin, from arachidonic acid.
See Hormone and Cyclooxygenase
Cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling.
Cytokinin
Cytokinins (CK) are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots.
Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.
Dermatology
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.
Development of the human body
Development of the human body is the process of growth to maturity.
See Hormone and Development of the human body
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels.
Digestion
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food compounds into small water-soluble components so that they can be absorbed into the blood plasma.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
See Hormone and DNA
Downregulation and upregulation
In biochemistry, in the biological context of organisms' regulation of gene expression and production of gene products, downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the production and quantities of its cellular components, such as RNA and proteins, in response to an external stimulus.
See Hormone and Downregulation and upregulation
Duct (anatomy)
In anatomy and physiology, a duct is a circumscribed channel leading from an exocrine gland or organ.
See Hormone and Duct (anatomy)
Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer FRS FRSE FRCP (2 June 1850 – 29 March 1935) was a British physiologist.
See Hormone and Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
Effects of hormones on sexual motivation
Sexual motivation is influenced by hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin, and vasopressin.
See Hormone and Effects of hormones on sexual motivation
Eicosanoid
Eicosanoids are signaling molecules made by the enzymatic or non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid or other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that are, similar to arachidonic acid, around 20 carbon units in length.
Endocrine disease
Endocrine diseases are disorders of the endocrine system.
See Hormone and Endocrine disease
Endocrine gland
Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood.
See Hormone and Endocrine gland
Endocrine system
The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs.
See Hormone and Endocrine system
Endocrinology
Endocrinology (from endocrine + -ology) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones. Hormone and Endocrinology are hormones.
Ernest Starling
Ernest Henry Starling (17 April 1866 – 2 May 1927) was a British physiologist who contributed many fundamental ideas to this subject.
See Hormone and Ernest Starling
Estradiol
Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Hormone and Estradiol are human female endocrine system.
Estrogen
Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Hormone and Estrogen are human female endocrine system.
Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula or.
Ethylene (plant hormone)
Ethylene (.
See Hormone and Ethylene (plant hormone)
Evolution
Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
Excretion
Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms. Hormone and Excretion are physiology.
Exocrine gland
Exocrine glands are glands that secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.
See Hormone and Exocrine gland
Exocytosis
Exocytosis is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis).
Extracellular fluid
In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism.
See Hormone and Extracellular fluid
Fallacy of the single cause
The fallacy of the single cause, also known as complex cause, causal oversimplification, causal reductionism, root cause fallacy, and reduction fallacy, is an informal fallacy of questionable cause that occurs when it is assumed that there is a single, simple cause of an outcome when in reality it may have been caused by a number of only jointly sufficient causes.
See Hormone and Fallacy of the single cause
Fight-or-flight response
The fight-or-flight or the fight-flight-freeze-or-fawn (also called hyperarousal or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
See Hormone and Fight-or-flight response
Francis Darwin
Sir Francis Darwin (16 August 1848 – 19 September 1925) was a British botanist.
See Hormone and Francis Darwin
Frits Warmolt Went
Frits Warmolt Went (May 18, 1903 – May 1, 1990) was a Dutch biologist whose 1928 experiment demonstrated the existence of auxin in plants.
See Hormone and Frits Warmolt Went
Functional analog (chemistry)
In chemistry and pharmacology, functional analogs are chemical compounds that have similar physical, chemical, biochemical, or pharmacological properties.
See Hormone and Functional analog (chemistry)
Fungus
A fungus (fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
G protein-coupled receptor
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate cellular responses. Hormone and g protein-coupled receptor are signal transduction.
See Hormone and G protein-coupled receptor
Gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter.
See Hormone and Gas
Gastric acid
Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining.
Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
See Hormone and Gastrointestinal tract
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings.
See Hormone and Gene
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.
See Hormone and Gene expression
Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.
George Oliver (physician)
George Oliver (13 April 1841 – 27 December 1915) was an English physician.
See Hormone and George Oliver (physician)
Germination
Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore.
Gibberellin
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate various developmental processes, including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence.
Globulin
The globulins are a family of globular proteins that have higher molecular weights than albumins and are insoluble in pure water but dissolve in dilute salt solutions.
Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.
See Hormone and Glossary of biology
Glucocorticoid
Glucocorticoids (or, less commonly, glucocorticosteroids) are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones.
See Hormone and Glucocorticoid
Glycoprotein
Glycoproteins are proteins which contain oligosaccharide (sugar) chains covalently attached to amino acid side-chains.
Growth factor
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation.
Hepatokine
Hepatokines (Greek heapto-, liver; and -kinos, movement) are proteins produced by liver cells (hepatocytes) that are secreted into the circulation and function as hormones across the organism.
Homeostasis
In biology, homeostasis (British also homoeostasis) is the state of steady internal physical and chemical conditions maintained by living systems. Hormone and homeostasis are physiology.
Hormonal contraception
Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Hormone and Hormonal contraception are human female endocrine system.
See Hormone and Hormonal contraception
Hormone replacement therapy
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), also known as menopausal hormone therapy or postmenopausal hormone therapy, is a form of hormone therapy used to treat symptoms associated with female menopause.
See Hormone and Hormone replacement therapy
Human digestive system
The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder).
See Hormone and Human digestive system
Hydrophile
A hydrophile is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to water molecules and tends to be dissolved by water.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones.
See Hormone and Hypothyroidism
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
Insect
Insects (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta.
Insulin
Insulin (from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (INS) gene.
Intracellular receptor
Intracellular receptors are globular protein receptors located inside the cell rather than on its cell membrane.
See Hormone and Intracellular receptor
Intracrine
Intracrine refers to a hormone that acts inside a cell, regulating intracellular events.
Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
Juvenile hormone
Juvenile hormones (JHs) are a group of acyclic sesquiterpenoids that regulate many aspects of insect physiology.
See Hormone and Juvenile hormone
Lactation
Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young. Hormone and Lactation are human female endocrine system.
Leaf
A leaf (leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis.
See Hormone and Leaf
Levothyroxine
Levothyroxine, also known as -thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4).
Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. Hormone and ligand (biochemistry) are cell signaling.
See Hormone and Ligand (biochemistry)
Lipophilicity
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.
Lipoxin
A lipoxin (LX or Lx), an acronym for lipoxygenase interaction product, is a bioactive autacoid metabolite of arachidonic acid made by various cell types.
Lipoxygenase
Lipoxygenases (LOX) are a family of (non-heme) iron-containing enzymes, more specifically oxidative enzymes, most of which catalyze the dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene into cell signaling agents that serve diverse roles as autocrine signals that regulate the function of their parent cells, paracrine signals that regulate the function of nearby cells, and endocrine signals that regulate the function of distant cells.
List of human hormones
The following is a list of hormones found in Homo sapiens. Hormone and list of human hormones are cell signaling and signal transduction.
See Hormone and List of human hormones
List of investigational sex-hormonal agents
This is a list of investigational sex-hormonal agents, or sex-hormonal agents that are currently under development for clinical use but are not yet approved.
See Hormone and List of investigational sex-hormonal agents
Mating
In biology, mating is the pairing of either opposite-sex or hermaphroditic organisms for the purposes of sexual reproduction.
Medication
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
Melatonin
Melatonin, an indoleamine, is a natural compound produced by various organisms, including bacteria and eukaryotes.
Membrane protein
Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes.
See Hormone and Membrane protein
Menopause
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of reproduction. Hormone and Menopause are human female endocrine system.
Meristem
In cell biology, the meristem is a type of tissue found in plants.
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
Metabolomics
Metabolomics is the scientific study of chemical processes involving metabolites, the small molecule substrates, intermediates, and products of cell metabolism.
Mood (psychology)
In psychology, a mood is an affective state.
See Hormone and Mood (psychology)
Mood swing
A mood swing is an extreme or sudden change of mood.
Motor coordination
In physiology, motor coordination is the orchestrated movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions, like walking.
See Hormone and Motor coordination
Multicellular organism
A multicellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell, unlike unicellular organisms.
See Hormone and Multicellular organism
Myokine
A myokine is one of several hundred cytokines or other small proteins (~5–20 kDa) and proteoglycan peptides that are produced and released by skeletal muscle cells (muscle fibers) in response to muscular contractions.
Negative feedback
Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
See Hormone and Negative feedback
Neohormone
Neohormones are a group of recently evolved hormones primarily associated to the success of mammalian development. Hormone and Neohormone are hormones.
Nerve tract
A nerve tract is a bundle of nerve fibers (axons) connecting nuclei of the central nervous system.
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
See Hormone and Nervous system
Neuroendocrinology
Neuroendocrinology is the branch of biology (specifically of physiology) which studies the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system; i.e. how the brain regulates the hormonal activity in the body.
See Hormone and Neuroendocrinology
Neuron
A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.
Neurotransmitter
A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.
See Hormone and Neurotransmitter
Nikolai Cholodny
Mykola Hryhorovych Kholodny (Микола Григорович Холодний.; 22 June 1882 – 4 May 1953) was an influential microbiologist who worked at the University of Kyiv, Ukraine in the USSR during the 1930s.
See Hormone and Nikolai Cholodny
Nitric oxide
Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula.
Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surround the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material.
See Hormone and Nuclear envelope
Nuclear receptor
In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins responsible for sensing steroids, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and certain other molecules.
See Hormone and Nuclear receptor
Nucleic acid sequence
A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases within the nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule.
See Hormone and Nucleic acid sequence
Organ (biology)
In a multicellular organism, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
See Hormone and Organ (biology)
Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology (abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and neck.
See Hormone and Otorhinolaryngology
Ovary
The ovary is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova.
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. Hormone and Oxytocin are human female endocrine system.
Pancreas
The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
Paracrine signaling
In cellular biology, paracrine signaling is a form of cell signaling, a type of cellular communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behaviour of those cells. Hormone and paracrine signaling are signal transduction.
See Hormone and Paracrine signaling
Parenting
Parenting or child rearing promotes and supports the physical, emotional, social, spiritual and cognitive development of a child from infancy to adulthood.
Peptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Peptide hormone
Peptide hormones are hormones whose molecules are peptides.
See Hormone and Peptide hormone
Perception
Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.
Phosphorylation
In biochemistry, phosphorylation is the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion. Hormone and phosphorylation are cell signaling.
See Hormone and Phosphorylation
Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
Plant
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.
Plant hormone
Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations.
Post-translational modification
In molecular biology, post-translational modification (PTM) is the covalent process of changing proteins following protein biosynthesis.
See Hormone and Post-translational modification
Prehormone
A prehormone is a biochemical substance secreted by glandular tissue and has minimal or no significant biological activity, but it is converted in peripheral tissues into an active hormone. Hormone and prehormone are hormones.
Progestogen
Progestogens, also sometimes written progestins, progestagens or gestagens, are a class of natural or synthetic steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptors (PR).
Prohormone
A prohormone is a committed precursor of a hormone consisting of peptide hormones synthesized together that has a minimal hormonal effect by itself because of its expression-suppressing structure, often created by protein folding and binding additional peptide chains to certain ends, that makes hormone receptor binding sites located on its peptide hormone chain segments inaccessible.
Prostaglandin
Prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids that have diverse hormone-like effects in animals.
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Protein complex
A protein complex or multiprotein complex is a group of two or more associated polypeptide chains.
See Hormone and Protein complex
Puberty
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. Hormone and Puberty are human female endocrine system.
Pulmonology
Pulmonology (from Latin pulmō, -ōnis "lung" and the Greek suffix -λογία "study of"), pneumology (built on Greek πνεύμων "lung") or pneumonology is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract.
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems. Hormone and receptor (biochemistry) are cell signaling.
See Hormone and Receptor (biochemistry)
Red algae
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, make up one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae.
Reproduction
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents.
Respiration (physiology)
In physiology, respiration is the movement of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the surrounding environment.
See Hormone and Respiration (physiology)
Second messenger system
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers. Hormone and Second messenger system are signal transduction.
See Hormone and Second messenger system
Secretin
Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver.
Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. Hormone and Secretion are physiology.
Semiochemical
A semiochemical, from the Greek σημεῖον (semeion), meaning "signal", is a chemical substance or mixture released by an organism that affects the behaviors of other individuals.
Senescence
Senescence or biological aging is the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics in living organisms.
Sesquiterpene
Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24.
Sex organ
A sex organ, also known as a reproductive organ, is a part of an organism that is involved in sexual reproduction.
Sex-hormonal agent
A sex-hormonal agent, also known as a sex-hormone receptor modulator, is a type of hormonal agent which specifically modulates the effects of sex hormones and of their biological targets, the sex hormone receptors.
See Hormone and Sex-hormonal agent
Signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events. Hormone and signal transduction are cell signaling.
See Hormone and Signal transduction
Sleep
Sleep is a state of reduced mental and physical activity in which consciousness is altered and certain sensory activity is inhibited.
Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.
Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone.
See Hormone and Steroid hormone
Steroid hormone receptor
Steroid hormone receptors are found in the nucleus, cytosol, and also on the plasma membrane of target cells.
See Hormone and Steroid hormone receptor
Stomach
The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the upper gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates.
Stress (biology)
Stress, whether physiological, biological or psychological, is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.
See Hormone and Stress (biology)
Structural analog
A structural analog, also known as a chemical analog or simply an analog, is a compound having a structure similar to that of another compound, but differing from it in respect to a certain component.
See Hormone and Structural analog
Testicle
A testicle or testis (testes) is the male gonad in all bilaterians, including humans.
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males.
Thromboxane
Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids.
Thyroid
The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in vertebrates.
Thyroid hormones
Thyroid hormones are any hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
See Hormone and Thyroid hormones
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body.
See Hormone and Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Thyroxine-binding globulin
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is a globulin protein that in humans is encoded by the SERPINA7 gene.
See Hormone and Thyroxine-binding globulin
Tissue (biology)
In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.
See Hormone and Tissue (biology)
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
See Hormone and Transcription (biology)
Transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
See Hormone and Transcription factor
Transmembrane protein
A transmembrane protein is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane.
See Hormone and Transmembrane protein
Tropic hormone
Tropic hormones are hormones that have other endocrine glands as their target.
See Hormone and Tropic hormone
Tyrosine
-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins.
Unicellular organism
A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of a single cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells.
See Hormone and Unicellular organism
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and for many other biological effects.
William Bayliss
Sir William Maddock Bayliss (2 May 1860 – 27 August 1924) was an English physiologist.
See Hormone and William Bayliss
Xenohormone
Xenohormones or environmental hormones are compounds produced outside of the human body which exhibit endocrine hormone-like properties. Hormone and Xenohormone are hormones.
Zoology
ZoologyThe pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon.
See also
Hormones
- Acylation stimulating protein
- Adrenal androgen-stimulating hormone
- Adrenocortical hormone
- Brain natriuretic peptide 32
- Breast pain
- Corticosteroid
- Corticotropin-releasing factor family
- Ectopic hormone
- Elabela
- Endocrinology
- Entero-oxyntin
- Gastrin family
- Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone family
- History of catecholamine research
- Hormone
- Juvenile hormone diol kinase
- Lactate shuttle hypothesis
- Lipokine
- Local hormone
- METRNL
- Maternal recognition of pregnancy
- MiR-206
- Motilin
- Neohormone
- Neurohypophysial hormone
- Nipple pigmentation
- Non-tropic hormone
- Norepinephrine
- Organizational-Activational Hypothesis
- Organotherapy
- Parathyroid hormone family
- Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
- Pediatric endocrinology
- Peptide PHI
- Pituitrin
- Placental lactogen
- Postmenopausal confusion
- Prehormone
- Pulsatile secretion
- Releasing and inhibiting hormones
- Somatostatin family
- TRC-150094
- Xenohormone
References
Also known as 1,4-Androstadienedione, Apohormone, Effects of hormones on behavior, Hormonal, Hormonal agent, Hormonal drug, Hormonal medication, Hormonally, Hormone molecule, Hormone precursor, Hormone signalling, Hormones, Hormones and behavior, Horomone, Intestinal hormones, Life hormones, Pro-hormone, Prohormones, Reproductive hormone, Synthetic hormones, Δ1-Androstenediol.