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Archaeology and the Book of Mormon

Index Archaeology and the Book of Mormon

Since the publication of the Book of Mormon in 1830, Mormon archaeologists have attempted to find archaeological evidence to support it. [1]

172 relations: American bison, American Museum of Natural History, Americas, Anachronism, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Anthon Transcript, Archaeology, B. H. Roberts, Berm, Biblical archaeology, Bighorn sheep, Bison antiquus, Bombyx mori, Book of Ether, Book of Mormon, Bos, Bovinae, Brigham Young University, Brocket deer, Bruce R. McConkie, Burrows Cave, BYU Studies Quarterly, Captain Moroni, Caribbean, Ceiba, Chasqui, Chiapas, Christopher Columbus, Civilization, Clark Wissler, Cocoa bean, Community of Christ, Copán, Criticism of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Cumorah, Daniel C. Peterson, Davenport Tablets, Deseret Book Company, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Donald W. Parry, Doubleday (publisher), Egyptian language, Elephant, Ensign (LDS magazine), Epigraphy, FairMormon, Fawn M. Brodie, Finger Lakes, ..., Form letter, Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, Frederick G. Williams, Fresco, Great Lakes, Guatemala, Guns, Germs, and Steel, Hampton Sides, Heartland Model, Hebrew language, Hematite, Hernán Cortés, History of the Church (Joseph Smith), Holocene, Homo sapiens, Honduras, Hordeum pusillum, Horse, Hugh Nibley, Improvement Era, Inca Empire, Inca road system, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Institute for Religious Research, Isle Royale, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Izapa, Izapa Stela 5, Jaredites, Jerald and Sandra Tanner, John L. Sorenson, John Lloyd Stephens, John W. Welch, Joseph Fielding Smith, Joseph Smith, Journal of Book of Mormon Studies, Kaminaljuyu, Khirbet Beit Lei, King James Version, KV62, Lake Superior, Lamanite, Latter Day Saint movement, Lehi (Book of Mormon prophet), Limited geography model, List of denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement, Llama, Los Lunas Decalogue Stone, M. Wells Jakeman, Macuahuitl, Malay Peninsula, Mark E. Petersen, Maya calendar, Maya civilization, Maya script, Mayanist, Mesoamerica, Mesoamerican calendars, Mesoamerican chronology, Mexico, Michael D. Coe, Michael R. Ash, Mixtec, Mormon Doctrine (book), Mormons, Mound Builders, Mountain goat, Mulek, Nahom, National Geographic Society, Nazca, Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship, Nephites, New World Archaeological Foundation, No Man Knows My History, Noel B. Reynolds, Numeral system, Oaxaca, Obsidian, Old World, Olmecs, Orson Pratt, Oxford University Press, Palenque, Peccary, Pleistocene, Pre-Columbian era, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories, Purdue University, Quiriguá, Reformed Egyptian, S. Kent Brown, Saint Paul Island (Alaska), Salalah, Signature Books, Studies of the Book of Mormon, Sunstone (magazine), Tabasco, Tapir, Terryl Givens, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The Geographical Journal, The New England Quarterly, Tikal, Times and Seasons, Tower of Babel, Tree of life, Tropical year, Under the Banner of Heaven, University of Texas Press, Valparaíso, Veracruz, Vigesimal, Wheel, Wild silk, William J. Hamblin, Yemen, Yucatán Peninsula, Zapotec civilization, Zarahemla, Zelph, Zion's Camp. Expand index (122 more) »

American bison

The American bison or simply bison (Bison bison), also commonly known as the American buffalo or simply buffalo, is a North American species of bison that once roamed the grasslands of North America in massive herds.

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American Museum of Natural History

The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH), located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is one of the largest museums in the world.

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Americas

The Americas (also collectively called America)"America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language.

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Anachronism

An anachronism (from the Greek ἀνά ana, "against" and χρόνος khronos, "time") is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of persons, events, objects, or customs from different periods of time.

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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.

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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).

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Ancient Rome

In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.

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Anthon Transcript

The "Anthon Transcript" (often identified with the "Caractors document") is a small piece of paper on which Joseph Smith wrote several lines of characters.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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B. H. Roberts

Brigham Henry Roberts (March 13, 1857 – September 27, 1933) was a Mormon leader, historian, and politician.

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Berm

A berm is a level space, shelf, or raised barrier (usually made of compacted soil) separating two areas.

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Biblical archaeology

Biblical archaeology involves the recovery and scientific investigation of the material remains of past cultures that can illuminate the periods and descriptions in the Bible, be they from the Old Testament (Tanakh) or from the New Testament, as well as the history and cosmogony of the Judeo-Christian religions.

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Bighorn sheep

The bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) is a species of sheep native to North America named for its large horns.

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Bison antiquus

Bison antiquus, the ancient or antique bison, was the most common large herbivore of the North American continent for over 10,000 years, and is a direct ancestor of the living American bison.

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Bombyx mori

The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar or imago of the domestic silkmoth, Bombyx mori (Latin: "silkworm of the mulberry tree").

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Book of Ether

The Book of Ether is one of the books of the Book of Mormon.

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Book of Mormon

The Book of Mormon is a sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement, which adherents believe contains writings of ancient prophets who lived on the American continent from approximately 2200 BC to AD 421.

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Bos

Bos (from Latin bōs: cow, ox, bull) is the genus of wild and domestic cattle.

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Bovinae

The biological subfamily Bovinae includes a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including domestic cattle, bison, African buffalo, the water buffalo, the yak, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes.

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Brigham Young University

Brigham Young University (BYU, sometimes referred to colloquially as The Y) is a private, non-profit research university in Provo, Utah, United States completely owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon Church) and run under the auspices of its Church Educational System.

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Brocket deer

Brockets or brocket deer are the species of deer in the genus Mazama.

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Bruce R. McConkie

Bruce Redd McConkie (July 29, 1915 – April 19, 1985) was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1972 until his death.

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Burrows Cave

Burrows Cave is the name given to an alleged cave site in a disputed location in Southern Illinois allegedly discovered by Russell E. Burrows.

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BYU Studies Quarterly

BYU Studies Quarterly is an academic journal covering a broad array of topics related to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon studies).

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Captain Moroni

According to the Book of Mormon, Captain Moroni was an important Nephite military commander and patriot who lived during the 1st century BC.

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Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.

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Ceiba

Ceiba is a genus of trees in the Malvaceace family, native to tropical and subtropical areas of the Americas (from Mexico and the Caribbean to N Argentina) and tropical West Africa.

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Chasqui

The chasquis (also chaskis) were the messengers of the Inca empire.

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Chiapas

Chiapas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.

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Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus (before 31 October 145120 May 1506) was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer.

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Civilization

A civilization or civilisation (see English spelling differences) is any complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification imposed by a cultural elite, symbolic systems of communication (for example, writing systems), and a perceived separation from and domination over the natural environment.

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Clark Wissler

Clark David Wissler (September 18, 1870 – August 25, 1947) was an American anthropologist.

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Cocoa bean

The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa, and cacao, is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.

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Community of Christ

Community of Christ, known from 1872 to 2001 as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS), is an American-based international church with roots in the Latter Day Saint movement.

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Copán

Copán is an archaeological site of the Maya civilization located in the Copán Department of western Honduras, not far from the border with Guatemala.

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Criticism of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) has been the subject of criticism since it was founded by American religious leader Joseph Smith in 1830.

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Cumorah

Cumorah (also known as Mormon Hill,A. P. Kesler,, Young Woman's Journal, 9:73 (February 1898)."Thomas Cook History, 1930", in Dan Vogel ed. (2000). Early Mormon Documents, vol. 3 (Salt Lake City: Signature Books) pp. 243–50.Andrew Jenson, Conference Report (April 1917) p. 99. Gold Bible Hill,, New York Times, 1888-02-26.Bruce E. Dana (2003). Glad Tidings Near Cumorah (CFI) pp. 58–60. and Inspiration Point) is a drumlin in Manchester, New York, United States, where Joseph Smith said he found a set of golden plates which he translated into English and published as the Book of Mormon.

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Daniel C. Peterson

Daniel C. Peterson, born January 15, 1953, is the professor of Islamic Studies and Arabic in the Department of Asian and Near Eastern Languages at Brigham Young University (BYU).

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Davenport Tablets

The Davenport Tablets are three inscribed slate tablets found in mounds near Davenport, Iowa.

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Deseret Book Company

Deseret Book is an American publishing company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, that also operates a chain of bookstores throughout the western United States.

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Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought

Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought is an independent quarterly journal of "Mormon thought" that addresses a wide range of issues on Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint Movement.

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Donald W. Parry

Donald W. Parry Ph.D. is a professor of Hebrew Bible in the Department of Asian and Near Eastern Languages at Brigham Young University. He holds the Abraham O. Smoot Professorship. He is the author and editor of many works related to the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Old Testament. He has been a member of the International Team of Translators of the Dead Sea Scrolls since January 1994. He also serves as a member of the Dead Sea Scrolls Foundation Board of Advisors, 2008–present.BYU Faculty Bio.

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Doubleday (publisher)

Doubleday is an American publishing company founded as Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897 that by 1947 was the largest in the United States.

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Egyptian language

The Egyptian language was spoken in ancient Egypt and was a branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages.

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Elephant

Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.

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Ensign (LDS magazine)

The Ensign of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly shortened to Ensign, is an official periodical of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

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Epigraphy

Epigraphy (ἐπιγραφή, "inscription") is the study of inscriptions or epigraphs as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers.

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FairMormon

FairMormon, formerly known as the Foundation for Apologetic Information & Research (FAIR), is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that specializes in Mormon apologetics and responds to criticism of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

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Fawn M. Brodie

Fawn McKay Brodie (September 15, 1915 – January 10, 1981) was a biographer and one of the first female professors of history at UCLA, who is best known for Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History (1974), a work of psychobiography, and No Man Knows My History (1945), an early and still influential biography of Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement.

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Finger Lakes

The Finger Lakes are a group of 11 long, narrow, roughly north–south lakes in an area called the Finger Lakes region in Central New York, in the United States.

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Form letter

A form letter is a letter written from a template, rather than being specially composed for a specific recipient.

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Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies

The Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS) was an informal collaboration of academics devoted to Latter-day Saint historical scholarship.

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Frederick G. Williams

Frederick Granger Williams (October 28, 1787 – October 10, 1842) was an early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement, serving in the First Presidency of the Church of the Latter Day Saints from 1833 to 1837.

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Fresco

Fresco (plural frescos or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid, or wet lime plaster.

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Great Lakes

The Great Lakes (les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.

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Guatemala

Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala (República de Guatemala), is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast.

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Guns, Germs, and Steel

Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (also titled Guns, Germs and Steel: A short history of everybody for the last 13,000 years) is a 1997 transdisciplinary non-fiction book by Jared Diamond, professor of geography and physiology at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

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Hampton Sides

(Wade) Hampton Sides (born 1962) is an American historian, author and journalist.

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Heartland Model

The Heartland Model (or "Heartland Theory") of Book of Mormon geography postulates that the events described in the Book of Mormon took place, primarily, in the heartland of North America.

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Hebrew language

No description.

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Hematite

Hematite, also spelled as haematite, is the mineral form of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3), one of several iron oxides.

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Hernán Cortés

Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca (1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century.

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History of the Church (Joseph Smith)

History of the Church (cited as HC) (originally entitled History of Joseph Smith; first published under the title History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints; nicknamed Documentary History of the Church or DHC) is a semi-official history of the early Latter Day Saint movement during the lifetime of founder Joseph Smith.

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Holocene

The Holocene is the current geological epoch.

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Homo sapiens

Homo sapiens is the systematic name used in taxonomy (also known as binomial nomenclature) for the only extant human species.

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Honduras

Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras (República de Honduras), is a republic in Central America.

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Hordeum pusillum

Hordeum pusillum, the little barley, is a diploid annual grass native to the United States (except the westernmost parts), which arrived via multiple long-distance dispersals of a southern South American species of Hordeum about one million years ago.

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Horse

The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''.

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Hugh Nibley

Hugh Winder Nibley (March 27, 1910 – February 24, 2005) was an American scholar and Mormon apologist who was a professor at Brigham Young University (BYU) for nearly 50 years.

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Improvement Era

The Improvement Era (often shortened to The Era) was an official magazine of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) between 1897 and 1970.

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Inca Empire

The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, "The Four Regions"), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century.

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Inca road system

The Inca road system was the most extensive and advanced transportation system in pre-Columbian South America.

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Indigenous peoples of the Americas

The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.

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Institute for Religious Research

The Institute for Religious Research is a United States Christian apologetics and counter-cult organization based in Cedar Springs, Michigan.

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Isle Royale

Isle Royale is an island of the Great Lakes, located in the northwest of Lake Superior, and part of the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Isthmus of Tehuantepec

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec is an isthmus in Mexico.

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Izapa

Izapa is a very large pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the Mexican state of Chiapas; it is best known for its occupation during the Late Formative period.

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Izapa Stela 5

Izapa Stela 5 is one of a number of large, carved stelae found in the ancient Mesoamerican site of Izapa, in the Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico along the present-day Guatemalan border.

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Jaredites

The Jaredites as one of four peoples (along with the Nephites, Lamanites, and Mulekites) that Mormons believe settled in the ancient Americas.

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Jerald and Sandra Tanner

Jerald Dee Tanner (June 1, 1938 — October 1, 2006) was an American writer and researcher.

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John L. Sorenson

John L. Sorenson (born April 8, 1924) is an emeritus professor of anthropology at Brigham Young University (BYU) and the author of An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon as well as many other books and articles on the Book of Mormon and archaeology.

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John Lloyd Stephens

John Lloyd Stephens (November 28, 1805 – October 13, 1852) was an American explorer, writer, and diplomat.

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John W. Welch

John Woodland "Jack" Welch (born 1946) is an LDS law and religion scholar who currently teaches at the J. Reuben Clark Law School at Brigham Young University (BYU).

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Joseph Fielding Smith

Joseph Fielding Smith Jr. (July 19, 1876 – July 2, 1972) was an American religious leader and writer who served as the tenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1970 until his death in 1972.

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Joseph Smith

Joseph Smith Jr. (December 23, 1805 – June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader and founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement.

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Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

The Journal of Book of Mormon Studies is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal covering topics surrounding the Book of Mormon.

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Kaminaljuyu

Kaminaljuyu (pronounced) is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization that was primarily occupied from 1500 BC to AD 1200.

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Khirbet Beit Lei

Khirbet Beit Lei or Beth Loya is an archaeological tell in the Judean lowlands of Israel.

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King James Version

The King James Version (KJV), also known as the King James Bible (KJB) or simply the Version (AV), is an English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, begun in 1604 and completed in 1611.

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KV62

KV62 is the standard Egyptological designation for the tomb of the young pharaoh Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings, now renowned for the wealth of valuable antiquities it contained.

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Lake Superior

Lake Superior (Lac Supérieur; ᑭᑦᒉᐁ-ᑲᒣᐁ, Gitchi-Gami) is the largest of the Great Lakes of North America.

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Lamanite

The Lamanites are one of the four civilizations of the Book of Mormon, a sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement, published in 1830 by its founder Joseph Smith, which purports to be an ancient history of God's dealings with people in the Western Hemisphere.

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Latter Day Saint movement

The Latter Day Saint movement (also called the LDS movement, LDS restorationist movement, or Smith–Rigdon movement) is the collection of independent church groups that trace their origins to a Christian primitivist movement founded by Joseph Smith in the late 1820s.

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Lehi (Book of Mormon prophet)

According to the Book of Mormon, Lehi was a prophet who lived in Jerusalem during the reign of king Zedekiah (approximately 600 BC).

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Limited geography model

A limited geography model for the Book of Mormon is one of several theories by Latter Day Saint movement scholars that the book's narrative was a historical record of people in a limited geographical region, rather than of the entire Western Hemisphere as believed by some early Latter Day Saints.

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List of denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement

The denominations in the Latter Day Saint movement are sometimes collectively referred to as Mormonism.

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Llama

The llama (Lama glama) is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a meat and pack animal by Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era.

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Los Lunas Decalogue Stone

The Los Lunas Decalogue Stone is a large boulder on the side of Hidden Mountain, near Los Lunas, New Mexico, about south of Albuquerque, that bears a very regular inscription carved into a flat panel.

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M. Wells Jakeman

Max Wells Jakeman (1910 – July 22, 1998) was the founder of the department of archaeology at Brigham Young University (BYU) and an early member of the advisory board of the New World Archaeology Foundation (NWAF).

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Macuahuitl

A macuahuitl is a wooden club with obsidian blades.

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Malay Peninsula

The Malay Peninsula (Tanah Melayu, تانه ملايو; คาบสมุทรมลายู,, မလေး ကျွန်းဆွယ်, 马来半岛 / 馬來半島) is a peninsula in Southeast Asia.

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Mark E. Petersen

Mark Edward Petersen (November 7, 1900 – January 11, 1984) was an American news editor and religious leader who served as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1944 until his death.

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Maya calendar

The Maya calendar is a system of calendars used in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and in many modern communities in the Guatemalan highlands, Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico.

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Maya civilization

The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.

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Maya script

Maya script, also known as Maya glyphs, was the writing system of the Maya civilization of Mesoamerica and is the only Mesoamerican writing system that has been substantially deciphered.

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Mayanist

A Mayanist (Spanish: "mayista") is a scholar specialising in research and study of the Mesoamerican pre-Columbian Maya civilization.

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Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica is an important historical region and cultural area in the Americas, extending from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, and within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Mesoamerican calendars

Mesoamerican calendars are the calendrical systems devised and used by the pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica.

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Mesoamerican chronology

Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation–3500 BCE), the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Preclassic or Formative (2000 BCE–250 CE), the Classic (250–900CE), and the Postclassic (900–1521 CE), Colonial (1521–1821), and Postcolonial (1821–present).

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Mexico

Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.

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Michael D. Coe

Michael D. Coe (born 1929) is an American archaeologist, anthropologist, epigrapher and author.

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Michael R. Ash

Michael R. Ash (born 12 August 1961) is a Mormon scholar and apologist.

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Mixtec

The Mixtecs, or Mixtecos, are indigenous Mesoamerican peoples of Mexico inhabiting the region known as La Mixteca of Oaxaca and Puebla as well as the state of Guerrero's Región Montañas, and Región Costa Chica, which covers parts of the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Guerrero and Puebla. The Mixtec region and the Mixtec peoples are traditionally divided into three groups, two based on their original economic caste and one based on the region they settled. High Mixtecs or mixteco alto were of the upper class and generally richer; the Low Mixtecs or "mixteco bajo" were generally poorer. In recent times, an economic reversal or equalizing has been seen. The third group is Coastal Mixtecs "mixteco de la costa" whose language is closely related to that of the Low Mixtecs; they currently inhabit the Pacific slope of Oaxaca and Guerrero. The Mixtec languages form a major branch of the Otomanguean language family. In pre-Columbian times, a number of Mixtecan city states competed with each other and with the Zapotec kingdoms. The major Mixtec polity was Tututepec which rose to prominence in the 11th century under the leadership of Eight Deer Jaguar Claw, the only Mixtec king who ever united the Highland and Lowland polities into a single state. Like the rest of the indigenous peoples of Mexico, the Mixtec were conquered by the Spanish invaders and their indigenous allies in the 16th century. Pre-Columbia Mixtecs numbered around 1.5 million. Today there are approximately 800,000 Mixtec people in Mexico, and there are also large populations in the United States.

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Mormon Doctrine (book)

:"Mormon Doctrine" redirects here.

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Mormons

Mormons are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity, initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s.

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Mound Builders

The various cultures collectively termed Mound Builders were inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes.

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Mountain goat

The mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus), also known as the Rocky Mountain goat, is a large hoofed mammal endemic to North America.

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Mulek

Mulek, according to the Book of Mormon, was the only surviving son of Zedekiah, the last King of Judah, after the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem.

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Nahom

Nahom is a place referenced in the Book of Mormon as one of the stops on the Old World segment of Lehi's journey.

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National Geographic Society

The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world.

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Nazca

Nazca (sometimes spelled Nasca) is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru.

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Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

The Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship, or simply the Maxwell Institute, is a research institute at Brigham Young University (BYU) made up of faculty and visiting scholars who study and write about religion, primarily The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

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Nephites

The Nephites are one of many groups (including the Lamanites, Jaredites, and Mulekites) to be mentioned in the Book of Mormon to be settled in the ancient Americas.

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New World Archaeological Foundation

The New World Archaeological Foundation (NWAF) is an archaeological organization run by Brigham Young University.

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No Man Knows My History

No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith is a 1945 book by Fawn McKay Brodie, the first important non-hagiographic biography of Joseph Smith, the founder of Latter Day Saint movement.

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Noel B. Reynolds

Noel Beldon Reynolds (born 1942, Los Angeles, California, United States) is an American political science professor at Brigham Young University (BYU), where he has also served as an associate academic vice president and as director for the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS).

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Numeral system

A numeral system (or system of numeration) is a writing system for expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner.

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Oaxaca

Oaxaca (from Huāxyacac), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca (Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, make up the 32 federative entities of Mexico.

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Obsidian

Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock.

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Old World

The term "Old World" is used in the West to refer to Africa, Asia and Europe (Afro-Eurasia or the World Island), regarded collectively as the part of the world known to its population before contact with the Americas and Oceania (the "New World").

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Olmecs

The Olmecs were the earliest known major civilization in Mexico following a progressive development in Soconusco.

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Orson Pratt

Orson Pratt, Sr. (September 19, 1811 – October 3, 1881) was an American mathematician and religious leader who was an original member of the Quorum of Twelve Apostles of the Church of the Latter Day Saints.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Palenque

Palenque (Yucatec Maya: Bàakʼ /ɓàːkʼ/), also anciently known as Lakamha (literally: "Big Water"), was a Maya city state in southern Mexico that flourished in the 7th century.

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Peccary

A peccary (also javelina or skunk pig) is a medium-sized hoofed mammal of the family Tayassuidae (New World pigs) in the suborder Suina along with the Old World pigs, Suidae.

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Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

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Pre-Columbian era

The Pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continents, spanning the time of the original settlement in the Upper Paleolithic period to European colonization during the Early Modern period.

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Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories

Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories relate to visits or interactions with the Americas and/or indigenous peoples of the Americas by people from Africa, Asia, Europe, or Oceania before Columbus's first voyage to the Caribbean in 1492.

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Purdue University

Purdue University is a public research university in West Lafayette, Indiana and is the flagship campus of the Purdue University system.

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Quiriguá

Quiriguá is an ancient Maya archaeological site in the department of Izabal in south-eastern Guatemala.

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Reformed Egyptian

The Book of Mormon, a work of scripture of the Latter Day Saint movement, describes itself as having originally been written in reformed Egyptian characters on plates of metal or "ore" by prophets living in the Western Hemisphere from perhaps as early as the 4th century BC until as late as the 5th century AD.

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S. Kent Brown

Scott Kent Brown (born 1940) is an American professor of ancient scripture and the director of ancient studies at Brigham Young University.

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Saint Paul Island (Alaska)

Saint Paul Island is the largest of the Pribilof Islands, a group of four Alaskan volcanic islands located in the Bering Sea between the United States and Russia.

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Salalah

Salalah (صلالة transliterated Ṣalālah), is the capital and largest city of the southern Omani governorate of Dhofar.

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Signature Books

Signature Books is a press specializing in subjects related to Utah, Mormonism, and Western Americana.

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Studies of the Book of Mormon

Studies of the Book of Mormon is a collection of essays written at the beginning of the 20th century (though not published until 1985) by B. H. Roberts (1857–1933), a general authority of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which examine the validity of the Book of Mormon as a translation of an ancient American source.

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Sunstone (magazine)

Sunstone is a magazine published by the Sunstone Education Foundation, Inc., a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation, that discusses Mormonism through scholarship, art, short fiction, and poetry.

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Tabasco

Tabasco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco (Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.

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Tapir

A tapir is a large, herbivorous mammal, similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk.

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Terryl Givens

Terryl Lynn Givens is a professor of literature and religion at the University of Richmond, where he holds the James A. Bostwick Chair in English.

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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), often informally known as the Mormon Church, is a nontrinitarian, Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ.

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The Geographical Journal

The Geographical Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers).

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The New England Quarterly

The New England Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal consisting of articles on New England's cultural, literary, political, and social history.

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Tikal

Tikal (Tik’al in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala.

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Times and Seasons

Times and Seasons was a 19th-century Latter Day Saint newspaper published at Nauvoo, Illinois.

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Tower of Babel

The Tower of Babel (מִגְדַּל בָּבֶל, Migdal Bāḇēl) as told in Genesis 11:1-9 is an origin myth meant to explain why the world's peoples speak different languages.

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Tree of life

The tree of life is a widespread myth (mytheme) or archetype in the world's mythologies, related to the concept of sacred tree more generally,Giovino, Mariana (2007).

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Tropical year

A tropical year (also known as a solar year) is the time that the Sun takes to return to the same position in the cycle of seasons, as seen from Earth; for example, the time from vernal equinox to vernal equinox, or from summer solstice to summer solstice.

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Under the Banner of Heaven

Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith is a nonfiction book by best-selling author Jon Krakauer, first published in July 2003.

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University of Texas Press

The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is a university press that is part of the University of Texas at Austin.

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Valparaíso

Valparaíso is a major city, seaport, and educational center in the commune of Valparaíso, Chile.

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Veracruz

Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave,In isolation, Veracruz, de and Llave are pronounced, respectively,, and.

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Vigesimal

The vigesimal or base 20 numeral system is based on twenty (in the same way in which the decimal numeral system is based on ten).

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Wheel

A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axle bearing.

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Wild silk

Wild silks have been known and used in many countries from early times, although the scale of production is far smaller than that from cultivated silkworms.

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William J. Hamblin

William James Hamblin (born 1954) is a professor of history at Brigham Young University (BYU).

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Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially known as the Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūriyyah al-Yamaniyyah), is an Arab sovereign state in Western Asia at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Yucatán Peninsula

The Yucatán Peninsula (Península de Yucatán), in southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico, with the northern coastline on the Yucatán Channel.

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Zapotec civilization

The Zapotec civilization was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica.

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Zarahemla

According to the beliefs of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or "Mormons", Zarahemla refers to a large city in the ancient Americas which is described in the Book of Mormon.

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Zelph

Zelph is a figure of interest in Mormon studies.

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Zion's Camp

Zion's Camp was an expedition of Latter Day Saints, led by Joseph Smith, from Kirtland, Ohio to Clay County, Missouri during May and June 1834 in an unsuccessful attempt to regain land from which the Saints had been expelled by non-Mormon settlers.

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Archaeology & the Book of Mormon, Archaeology and The Book of Mormon, Archaeology and the book of mormon, Archeology and the Book of Mormon, Book of Mormon Horses, Horses in the Book of Mormon, Horses in the book of mormon, Mormon and archaeology, Mormon archaeology, Mormonism and archaeology, Shazer.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology_and_the_Book_of_Mormon

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