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Hough riots

Index Hough riots

The Hough riots were riots in the predominantly African-American community of Hough (pronounced "Huff") in Cleveland, Ohio, which took place from July 18 to July 23, 1966. [1]

93 relations: African Americans, All-white jury, Arson, Bar, Bayonet, Black nationalism, Bruce W. Klunder, Carl Stokes, Central, Cleveland, Cleveland, Cleveland Division of Fire, Cleveland Division of Police, Cleveland Metropolitan School District, Cleveland Press, Cleveland Scene, COINTELPRO, Common-law marriage, Communism, Communist front, Communist Party USA, Congress of Racial Equality, Deindustrialization, Democratic Party (United States), Disaster area, East Cleveland, Ohio, Erieview Tower, Ethnic group, Euclid Avenue (Cleveland), False arrest, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Felony, Fire engine, Firecracker, First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Glenville shootout, Glenville, Cleveland, Grand jury, Hough, Cleveland, Hubert Humphrey, Hung jury, Jeep, Jim Rhodes, Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya, Law and order (politics), List of Governors of Ohio, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, List of mayors of Cleveland, M1 Garand, Machine gun, ..., Martial law, McCarran Internal Security Act, Median income, Michael A. Feighan, Model Cities Program, Molotov cocktail, Motion to quash, NAACP, National Association of Social Workers, National Council of Churches, National Urban League, Nicholas Katzenbach, Nonprofit organization, Ohio, Ohio Army National Guard, Ohio Courts of Common Pleas, Organized crime, Patronage, Political culture, Populism, President of the United States, Racial segregation, Ralph S. Locher, Riot, Ruger Model 44, Seth Taft, Small arms, Street sweeper, The New York Times, The Plain Dealer, Trade union, United Freedom Movement, United States Attorney General, United States Commission on Civil Rights, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, United States Department of Justice, United States House Committee on the Judiciary, United States House of Representatives, University Circle, Vice President of the United States, W.E.B. Du Bois Clubs of America, Welfare, 30 mm caliber. Expand index (43 more) »

African Americans

African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.

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All-white jury

An all-white jury is a sworn body composed only of white people convened to render an impartial verdict in a legal proceeding.

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Arson

Arson is a crime of intentionally, deliberately and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wildland areas, abandoned homes, vehicles or other property with the intent to cause damage or enjoy the act.

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Bar

A bar (also known as a saloon or a tavern or sometimes a pub or club, referring to the actual establishment, as in pub bar or savage club etc.) is a retail business establishment that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks and often sell snack foods such as crisps (potato chips) or peanuts, for consumption on premises.

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Bayonet

A bayonet (from French baïonnette) is a knife, sword, or spike-shaped weapon designed to fit on the end of a rifles muzzle, allowing it to be used as a pike.

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Black nationalism

Black nationalism is a type of nationalism which espouses the belief that black people are a nation and seeks to develop and maintain a black identity.

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Bruce W. Klunder

Reverend Bruce W. Klunder (July 12, 1937 – April 7, 1964) was a Presbyterian minister and civil right activist, born in Colorado.

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Carl Stokes

Carl Burton Stokes (June 21, 1927 – April 3, 1996) was an American politician and diplomat of the Democratic party who served as the 51st mayor of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Central, Cleveland

Central is a neighborhood on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio, and the county seat of Cuyahoga County.

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Cleveland Division of Fire

The Cleveland Division of Fire provides fire protection and emergency medical service to the city of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Cleveland Division of Police

The Cleveland Division of Police is the governmental agency responsible for law enforcement in the city of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Cleveland Metropolitan School District

Cleveland Metropolitan School District, formerly the Cleveland Municipal School District, is a public school district in the U.S. state of Ohio that serves almost all of the city of Cleveland.

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Cleveland Press

The Cleveland Press was a daily American newspaper published in Cleveland, Ohio from November 2, 1878, through June 17, 1982.

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Cleveland Scene

The Cleveland Scene is an alternative weekly newspaper based in Cleveland, Ohio.

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COINTELPRO

COINTELPRO (Portmanteau derived from '''CO'''unter '''INTEL'''ligence PROgram) (1956-1971) was a series of covert, and at times illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political organizations.

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Common-law marriage

Common-law marriage, also known as sui iuris marriage, informal marriage, marriage by habit and repute, or marriage in fact, is a legal framework in a limited number of jurisdictions where a couple is legally considered married, without that couple having formally registered their relation as a civil or religious marriage.

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Communism

In political and social sciences, communism (from Latin communis, "common, universal") is the philosophical, social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose ultimate goal is the establishment of the communist society, which is a socioeconomic order structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money and the state.

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Communist front

A Communist front organization is an organization identified as a front organization under the effective control of a Communist party, the Communist International or other Communist organizations.

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Communist Party USA

The Communist Party USA (CPUSA) is a communist political party in the United States established in 1919 after a split in the Socialist Party of America.

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Congress of Racial Equality

The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States that played a pivotal role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement.

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Deindustrialization

Deindustrialization or deindustrialisation is a process of social and economic change caused by the removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity in a country or region, especially heavy industry or manufacturing industry.

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Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).

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Disaster area

A disaster area is a region or a locale, heavily damaged by either natural, technological or social hazards.

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East Cleveland, Ohio

East Cleveland is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States, and is the first suburb of Cleveland.

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Erieview Tower

The Erieview Tower (also known as the Tower at Erieview, 100 Erieview, or the Erieview Plaza Tower) is a skyscraper featuring elements of the International style located in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States.

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Ethnic group

An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

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Euclid Avenue (Cleveland)

Euclid Avenue is a major street in Cleveland, Ohio.

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False arrest

False arrest is a common law tort, where a plaintiff alleges he or she was held in custody without probable cause, or without an order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Felony

The term felony, in some common law countries, is defined as a serious crime.

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Fire engine

A fire engine (also known in some territories as a fire truck or fire appliance) is a vehicle designed primarily for firefighting operations.

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Firecracker

A firecracker (cracker, noise maker, banger, or bunger) is a small explosive device primarily designed to produce a large amount of noise, especially in the form of a loud bang; any visual effect is incidental to this goal.

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First Amendment to the United States Constitution

The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances.

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Glenville shootout

The Glenville shootout was a gun battle which occurred on the night of July 23–24, 1968, in the Glenville section of Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States.

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Glenville, Cleveland

Glenville is a neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Grand jury

A grand jury is a legal body empowered to conduct official proceedings and investigate potential criminal conduct, and determine whether criminal charges should be brought.

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Hough, Cleveland

Hough is a neighborhood situated along the midtown corridor on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Hubert Humphrey

Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (May 27, 1911January 13, 1978) was an American politician who served as the 38th Vice President of the United States from 1965 to 1969.

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Hung jury

A hung jury or deadlocked jury is a judicial jury that cannot agree upon a verdict after extended deliberation and is unable to reach the required unanimity or supermajority.

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Jeep

Jeep is a brand of American automobiles that is a division of FCA US LLC (formerly Chrysler Group, LLC), a wholly owned subsidiary of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.

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Jim Rhodes

James Allen Rhodes (September 13, 1909 – March 4, 2001) was an American Republican politician from Ohio, and one of only six US state governors to serve 4 four-year terms in office.

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Jomo Kenyatta

Jomo Kenyatta (– 22 August 1978) was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to his death in 1978.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.

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Law and order (politics)

In politics, law and order (also known as tough on crime and the War on Crime) refers to demands for a strict criminal justice system, especially in relation to violent and property crime, through stricter criminal penalties.

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List of Governors of Ohio

The Governor of Ohio is the head of the executive branch of Ohio's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

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List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States

Wikipedia has articles on most of the major episodes of civil unrest.

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List of mayors of Cleveland

The Mayor of Cleveland is the chief executive of the city's government.

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M1 Garand

The M1 GarandOfficially designated as U.S. rifle, caliber.30, M1, later simply called Rifle, Caliber.30, M1, also called US Rifle, Cal.

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Machine gun

A machine gun is a fully automatic mounted or portable firearm designed to fire bullets in rapid succession from an ammunition belt or magazine, typically at a rate of 300 rounds per minute or higher.

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Martial law

Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions of government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. Martial law can be used by governments to enforce their rule over the public.

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McCarran Internal Security Act

The Internal Security Act of 1950, (Public Law 81-831), also known as the Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950 or the McCarran Act, after its principal sponsor Sen.

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Median income

Median income is the amount that divides the income distribution into two equal groups, half having income above that amount, and half having income below that amount.

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Michael A. Feighan

Michael Aloysius Feighan (February 16, 1905 – March 19, 1992) was an American politician from Lakewood, Ohio, near Cleveland.

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Model Cities Program

The Model Cities Program was an element of U.S. President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society and War on Poverty.

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Molotov cocktail

A Molotov cocktail, also known as a petrol bomb, bottle bomb, poor man's grenade, Molotovin koktaili (Finnish), polttopullo (Finnish), fire bomb (not to be confused with an actual fire bomb) or just Molotov, commonly shortened as Molly, is a generic name used for a variety of bottle-based improvised incendiary weapons.

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Motion to quash

A motion to quash is a request to a court to render a previous decision of that court or a lower judicial body null or invalid.

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NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a bi-racial organization to advance justice for African Americans by a group, including, W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington and Moorfield Storey.

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National Association of Social Workers

The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) is a professional organization of social workers in the United States.

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National Council of Churches

The National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA, usually identified as the National Council of Churches (NCC), is the largest ecumenical body in the United States.

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National Urban League

The National Urban League (NUL), formerly known as the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes, is a nonpartisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States.

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Nicholas Katzenbach

Nicholas deBelleville "Nick" Katzenbach (January 17, 1922 – May 8, 2012) was an American lawyer who served as United States Attorney General during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration.

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Nonprofit organization

A non-profit organization (NPO), also known as a non-business entity or non-profit institution, is dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a shared point of view.

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Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.

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Ohio Army National Guard

The Ohio Army National Guard is a part of the Ohio National Guard and the Army National Guard of the United States Army.

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Ohio Courts of Common Pleas

The Ohio Courts of Common Pleas are the trial courts of the state court system of Ohio.

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Organized crime

Organized crime is a category of transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals who intend to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for money and profit.

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Patronage

Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another.

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Political culture

Political culture is defined by the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences as the "set of attitudes, beliefs and sentiments that give order and meaning to a political process and which provide the underlying assumptions and rules that govern behavior in the political system".

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Populism

In politics, populism refers to a range of approaches which emphasise the role of "the people" and often juxtapose this group against "the elite".

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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Racial segregation

Racial segregation is the separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life.

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Ralph S. Locher

Ralph Sidney Locher (July 24, 1915 – June 18, 2004) was a Romanian-born American politician of the Democratic Party who served as the 50th mayor of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Riot

A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property or people.

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Ruger Model 44

The Ruger Model 44 is a semi-automatic rifle chambered in.44 Remington Magnum.

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Seth Taft

Seth Chase Taft (December 31, 1922 – April 14, 2013) was an American politician of the Republican party.

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Small arms

Small arms include handguns (revolvers and pistols) and long guns, such as rifles, carbines, shotguns, submachine guns, assault rifles, personal defense weapons, and light machine guns.

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Street sweeper

A street sweeper or street cleaner may refer to a person's occupation, or a machine that cleans streets.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Plain Dealer

The Plain Dealer is the major daily newspaper of Cleveland, Ohio, United States.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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United Freedom Movement

The United Freedom Movement (UFM) was a coalition of about 60 African American civic, religious, cultural, and other groups founded in June 1963 to oppose legal and institutional racism in public schools, employment, housing, and other areas.

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United States Attorney General

The United States Attorney General (A.G.) is the head of the United States Department of Justice per, concerned with all legal affairs, and is the chief lawyer of the United States government.

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United States Commission on Civil Rights

The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is a bipartisan, independent commission of the United States federal government, created in 1957, that is charged with the responsibility for investigating, reporting on, and making recommendations concerning civil rights issues in the United States.

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United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is a Cabinet department in the Executive branch of the United States federal government.

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United States Department of Justice

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government, responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice in the United States, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries. The department was formed in 1870 during the Ulysses S. Grant administration. The Department of Justice administers several federal law enforcement agencies including the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The department is responsible for investigating instances of financial fraud, representing the United States government in legal matters (such as in cases before the Supreme Court), and running the federal prison system. The department is also responsible for reviewing the conduct of local law enforcement as directed by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The department is headed by the United States Attorney General, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Attorney General is Jeff Sessions.

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United States House Committee on the Judiciary

The U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House of Representatives

The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.

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University Circle

University Circle is a district in the neighborhood of University on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio.

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Vice President of the United States

The Vice President of the United States (informally referred to as VPOTUS, or Veep) is a constitutional officer in the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States as the President of the Senate under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4, of the United States Constitution, as well as the second highest executive branch officer, after the President of the United States.

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W.E.B. Du Bois Clubs of America

The W.E.B. Du Bois Clubs of America was a national youth organization sponsored by the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) and launched at a national convention held in San Francisco in June 1964.

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Welfare

Welfare is a government support for the citizens and residents of society.

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30 mm caliber

The 30 mm caliber is a specific size of autocannon ammunition.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hough_riots

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