Communication

324 relations: A1 autoroute, A22 autoroute, A23 autoroute, A25 autoroute, A27 autoroute, Abbey, Abdellah Zoubir, Académie française, Academic art, Achille Liénart, Adélaïde Leroux, Alain Baclet, Alain de Lille, Alain Decaux, Alain Raguel, Alassane Pléa, Albert Calmette, Albert Samain, Alfred Agache (painter), Amandine Henry, Ana Tijoux, André Bizette-Lindet, Antoine Sibierski, Arras, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Association football, Atrebates, Augustin Laurent, Austrians, École centrale de Lille, École nationale supérieure de chimie de Lille, École supérieure de journalisme de Lille, Édouard Chimot, Édouard Lalo, Émile Bernard, Baldwin I, Latin Emperor, Battle of Adrianople (1205), Battle of France, BCG vaccine, Beeldenstorm, Belgium, Black Death, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Bouvines, Braderie, Bruges, Brussels, Buffalo, New York, Calais, Calvinism, ..., Cambrai, Camille Guérin, Canton of Lille-1, Canton of Lille-2, Canton of Lille-3, Canton of Lille-4, Canton of Lille-5, Canton of Lille-6, Carolingian Empire, Carolus-Duran, Centrale Graduate School, Channel Tunnel, Charles Barrois, Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle University – Lille III, Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann, Charles the Bold, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles-Joseph Panckoucke, Chile, Christ Church, Lille, Church of England, Citadel of Lille, Clarck N'Sikulu, Cologne, Column of the Goddess, Communes of France, Constance Jablonski, Constantinople, Continental System, County of Boulogne, County of Flanders, County of Hainaut, Dakar, Désiré Dihau, Deûle, Departments of France, Didier Six, Dijon, Double (association football), Duchy of Burgundy, Dunkirk, Dutch Republic, E-Artsup, Eberhard of Friuli, EDHEC Business School (Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales du Nord), Elizabeth I of England, Epitech, Erfurt, Ernest Joseph Bailly, Esch-sur-Alzette, ESME-Sudria, EuroBasket 2015, European Capital of Culture, European Doctoral College Lille Nord-Pas de Calais, Eurostar, Fall of Constantinople, Feast of the Pheasant, Ferdinand, Count of Flanders, Fives, Nord, Flea market, Food industry, Football in France, France, France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Franco-Flemish War, Franks, French Flanders, French Resistance, French Revolution, Frisians, Gaël Kakuta, Gabriel Grovlez, Gare de Lille Europe, Gare de Lille Flandres, Gargantua and Pantagruel, Gaspard Thémistocle Lestiboudois, Gaul, Genoa, German military administration in occupied France during World War II, Germanic peoples, Ghent, Great Depression, Guy, Count of Flanders, Habsburg Spain, Haifa, Hautes études d'ingénieur, Hauts-de-France, Henri Padé, High-speed rail, Hospice Comtesse, Hungarians, IESEG School of Management, Illustrator, Industrial Revolution, Institut catholique d'arts et métiers, Institut industriel du Nord, Institut supérieur européen de formation par l'action, Institut supérieur européen de gestion group, Iris Mittenaere, Irish College, Ismael Ehui, Jacquemart Giélée, James VI and I, Jardin botanique de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Jardin botanique Nicolas Boulay, Jardin des plantes de Lille, Jean Baptiste Perrin, Jean Dieudonné, Jerry Vandam, Joan, Countess of Flanders, Joseph Kampé de Fériet, Joseph Valentin Boussinesq, Juggling, Julien Duvivier, Kamini (musician), Kharkiv, Kortrijk, La Voix du Nord (daily), Léon Danchin, Leeds, Les Châtiments, Liège, Ligue 1, Lille 2 University of Health and Law, Lille Airport, Lille Cathedral, Lille Catholic University, Lille Metro, Lille OSC, Lille University of Science and Technology, List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants (2006 census), List of French monarchs, Louis Faidherbe, Louis Marie Cordonnier, Louis Pasteur, Louis VIII of France, Louis XIV of France, Low Countries, Lucas Pouille, Lydéric and Phinaert, Lyon, Lys (river), Machine, Madeleine Damerment, Maison Devambez, Margaret II, Countess of Flanders, Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, Marseille, Martine Aubry, Mary of Burgundy, Matthias de l'Obel, Max Immelmann, Maxime Agueh, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Mayor (France), Météo-France, Métropole Européenne de Lille, Menapii, Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France, Minister of the Interior (France), Miss Universe 2016, Morini, Mount of piety, Nabil Bentaleb, Nablus, Napoleon, National Railway Company of Belgium, Neo-impressionism, Nervii, Nobel Prize, Nord (French department), Nord éclair, Normans, Oceanic climate, Old Dutch, Opéra de Lille, Ottoman Empire, Oujda, P'tit Quinquin (song), Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, Paris, Pas-de-Calais, Pasteur Institute, Paul Gachet, Paul Hallez, Paul Painlevé, Philip II of France, Philip II of Spain, Philip the Bold, Philip the Good, Philippe Noiret, Picard language, Pierre De Geyter, Pierre Dubreuil, Pierre Joseph Duhem, Pierre Mauroy, Pierre-Nicolas Legrand de Lérant, Popular Front (France), Prefectures in France, President of France, Prime Minister of France, Prix Breizh, Protestantism, Raoul de Godewaersvelde, Raphaël Varane, Rapid transit, Regions of France, Renée Adorée, Resistance Medal, Roger Salengro, Roman Empire, Rotterdam, Roubaix, Safed, Saint-Louis, Senegal, Saint-Omer, Sanaa Altama, Sarah Ousfar, Saxons, Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, Scarpe (river), Scheldt, Sciences Po Lille, Serge Lutens, Seventeen Provinces, Siege of Lille (1667), Skema Business School, Socialist Party (France), Stade Pierre-Mauroy, State of Palestine, Steam engine, Strasbourg, Street performance, Terraced house, Tertiary sector of the economy, TGV, The Internationale, The Mountain, Tlemcen, Toponymy, Toulouse, Tourcoing, Tournai, Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668), Tuberculosis, Turin, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League, University of Douai, University of Lille Nord de France, Urban area, Vaccine, Valenciennes, Valladolid, Véhicule Automatique Léger, Vichy France, Victor Hugo, Vikings, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, Vincent van Gogh, Wallonia, War of the Spanish Succession, Wazemmes, William Birdwood, World Esperanto Congress, Wrocław, Yvonne Chauffin, Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne Furneaux, 2005 French riots, 2010–11 in French football, 2010–11 Ligue 1, 2011 Coupe de France Final. 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A1 autoroute

The A1 Autoroute, also known as l'autoroute du Nord (the Northern Motorway), is the busiest of France's autoroutes.

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A22 autoroute

The A22 autoroute is a toll free highway in north western France.

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A23 autoroute

The A23 autoroute is a highway in northern France.

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A25 autoroute

The A25 is a long motorway in northern France.

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A27 autoroute

The A27 autoroute is a toll free autoroute in northern France, approximately long.

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Abbey

An abbey is a complex of buildings used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess.

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Abdellah Zoubir

Abdellah Zoubir (عبدالله زوبير; born 5 December 1991) is a French-Moroccan professional footballer who plays mainly as an attacking midfielder for Qarabağ.

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Académie française

The Académie française is the pre-eminent French council for matters pertaining to the French language.

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Academic art

Academic art, or academicism or academism, is a style of painting, sculpture, and architecture produced under the influence of European academies of art.

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Achille Liénart

Achille Liénart (7 February 1884—15 February 1973) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Adélaïde Leroux

Adélaïde Leroux (born 30 December 1982) is a French actress, best known for her role in the 2006 film, Flanders.

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Alain Baclet

Alain-Pierre Baclet (born 26 May 1986) is a French footballer who plays as a striker for Italian club Cosenza.

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Alain de Lille

Alain de Lille (or Alanus ab Insulis) (11281202/03) was a French theologian and poet.

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Alain Decaux

Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French historian by profession.

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Alain Raguel

Alain Raguel (born 6 September 1976 in Lille) is a currently unattached French footballer.

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Alassane Pléa

Alassane Pléa (born 10 March 1993) is a French professional footballer who plays for Nice in Ligue 1.

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Albert Calmette

Léon Charles Albert Calmette ForMemRS (12 July 1863 – 29 October 1933) was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist, and an important officer of the Pasteur Institute.

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Albert Samain

Albert Victor Samain (3 April 185818 August 1900) was a French poet and writer of the Symbolist school.

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Alfred Agache (painter)

Alfred-Pierre Joseph Agache (29 August 1843 – 15 September 1915), also known simply as Alfred Agache, was a French academic painter.

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Amandine Henry

Amandine Chantal Henry (born 28 September 1989) is a French football player who is currently a member of the French senior team.

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Ana Tijoux

Ana María Merino Tijoux, commonly known by her stage name Ana Tijoux or Anita Tijoux, is a French-Chilean musician.

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André Bizette-Lindet

André Bizette-Lindet (1906–1988) was a French sculptor.

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Antoine Sibierski

Antoine Sibierski (born 5 August 1974) is a French former footballer who played as a midfielder for clubs including Manchester City and Newcastle United.

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Arras

Arras (Atrecht) is the capital (chef-lieu/préfecture) of the Pas-de-Calais department, which forms part of the region of Hauts-de-France; prior to the reorganization of 2014 it was located in Nord-Pas-de-Calais.

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Arts et Métiers ParisTech

Arts et Métiers ParisTech is a French engineering and research graduate school (Grande Ecole).

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Association football

Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.

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Atrebates

The Atrebates (singular Atrebas) were a Belgic tribe of Gaul and Britain before the Roman conquests.

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Augustin Laurent

Augustin Laurent (9 September 1896 – 1 October 1990) was a French coal miner, journalist and socialist politician.

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Austrians

Austrians (Österreicher) are a Germanic nation and ethnic group, native to modern Austria and South Tyrol that share a common Austrian culture, Austrian descent and Austrian history.

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École centrale de Lille

Located in the campus of Lille University of Science and Technology in France, École Centrale de Lille is a renowned Graduate Engineering school, with roots back to 1854 as the École des arts industriels et des mines de Lille, re-organised in 1872 as Institut industriel du Nord.

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École nationale supérieure de chimie de Lille

The École nationale supérieure de chimie de Lille (ENSCL or Chimie Lille) was founded in 1894 as the Institut de chimie de Lille within the Université Lille Nord de France.

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École supérieure de journalisme de Lille

The École supérieure de journalisme (ESJ Lille) (in English: Superior School of Journalism of Lille) is an institution of higher education, a French Grande École in Lille dedicated to journalism and related studies.

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Édouard Chimot

Édouard Chimot (26 November 1880 – 7 June 1959) was a French artist, illustrator and editor whose career reached its peak in the 1920s in Paris, through the publication of fine quality art-printed books.

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Édouard Lalo

Édouard-Victoire-Antoine Lalo (27 January 182322 April 1892) was a French composer.

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Émile Bernard

Émile Henri Bernard (28 April 1868 – 16 April 1941) was a French Post-Impressionist painter and writer, who had artistic friendships with Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin and Eugène Boch, and at a later time, Paul Cézanne.

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Baldwin I, Latin Emperor

Baldwin I (Boudewijn; Baudouin; July 1172 –) was the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople.

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Battle of Adrianople (1205)

The Battle of Adrianople occurred around Adrianople on April 14, 1205 between Bulgarians and Cumans under Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, and Crusaders under Baldwin I, who only months before had been crowned Emperor of Constantinople, allied with Venetians under Doge Enrico Dandolo It was won by the Bulgarians, after a successful ambush.

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Battle of France

The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War.

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BCG vaccine

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis (TB).

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Beeldenstorm

Beeldenstorm in Dutch, roughly translatable to "statue storm", or Bildersturm in German ("image/statue storm"), also the Great Iconoclasm or Iconoclastic Fury, is a term used for outbreaks of destruction of religious images that occurred in Europe in the 16th century.

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Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

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Black Death

The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.

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Boulogne-sur-Mer

Boulogne-sur-Mer, often called Boulogne (Latin: Gesoriacum or Bononia, Boulonne-su-Mér, Bonen), is a coastal city in Northern France.

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Bouvines

Bouvines is a commune in the Nord department in northern France, and a village, on the French-Belgian frontier between Lille and Tournay.

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Braderie

A braderie or jaarmarkt (respectively meaning roasting and annual market in Dutch) is a type of grand yearly street fair and street market found in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Northern France, mostly held in the summer months.

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Bruges

Bruges (Brugge; Bruges; Brügge) is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the de jure capital of Belgium.

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Buffalo, New York

Buffalo is the second largest city in the state of New York and the 81st most populous city in the United States.

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Calais

Calais (Calés; Kales) is a city and major ferry port in northern France in the department of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sub-prefecture.

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Calvinism

Calvinism (also called the Reformed tradition, Reformed Christianity, Reformed Protestantism, or the Reformed faith) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice of John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians.

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Cambrai

Cambrai (Kimbré; Kamerijk; historically in English Camerick and Camericke) is a commune in the Nord department and in the Hauts-de-France region of France on the Scheldt river, which is known locally as the Escaut river.

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Camille Guérin

Jean-Marie Camille Guérin (22 December 1872 – 9 June 1961) was a French veterinarian, bacteriologist and immunologist who, together with Albert Calmette, developed the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a vaccine for immunization against tuberculosis.

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Canton of Lille-1

The canton of Lille-1 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Canton of Lille-2

The canton of Lille-2 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Canton of Lille-3

The canton of Lille-3 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Canton of Lille-4

The canton of Lille-4 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Canton of Lille-5

The canton of Lille-5 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Canton of Lille-6

The canton of Lille-6 is an administrative division of the Nord department, northern France.

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Carolingian Empire

The Carolingian Empire (800–888) was a large empire in western and central Europe during the early Middle Ages.

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Carolus-Duran

Charles Auguste Émile Durand, known as Carolus-Duran (Lille 4 July 1837 – 17 February 1917 Paris), was a French painter and art instructor.

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Centrale Graduate School

The Ecoles Centrales Group is an alliance consisting of the following graduate schools of engineering.

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Channel Tunnel

The Channel Tunnel (Le tunnel sous la Manche; also nicknamed the Chunnel) is a rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover.

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Charles Barrois

Charles Eugene Barrois (21 April 18515 November 1939) was a French geologist and palaeontologist.

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Charles de Gaulle

Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the French Resistance against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 in order to reestablish democracy in France.

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Charles de Gaulle University – Lille III

The Charles de Gaulle University – Lille III (Université Charles-de-Gaulle – Université Lille III) is a French university.

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Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann

Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann (22 May 1803 – 27 January 1881) was a French chemist who patented the reaction for converting ammonia to nitric acid, which was later used in the Ostwald process.

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Charles the Bold

Charles the Bold (also translated as Charles the Reckless).

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Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V (Carlos; Karl; Carlo; Karel; Carolus; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and the Spanish Empire (as Charles I of Spain) from 1516, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506.

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Charles-Joseph Panckoucke

Charles-Joseph Panckoucke (26 November 1736 – 19 December 1798) was a French writer and publisher.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Christ Church, Lille

Christ Church Lille is an English-speaking Anglican Church located in the city of Lille in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, the Flemish area of France.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.

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Citadel of Lille

The Citadel of Lille (Citadelle de Lille; Citadel van Rijsel) is a pentagonal citadel of the city wall of Lille, in France.

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Clarck N'Sikulu

Clarck N'Sikulu (born 10 July 1992) is a Congolese footballer who plays for Superleague club Atromitos.

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Cologne

Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).

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Column of the Goddess

The Column of the Goddess is the popular name given by the citizens of Lille (France) to the Memorial of the Siege of 1792.

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Communes of France

The commune is a level of administrative division in the French Republic.

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Constance Jablonski

Constance Jablonski (born 17 April 1991)http://www.vogue.fr/thevoguelist/constance-jablonski/4 is a French model.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis; Constantinopolis) was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire (330–1204 and 1261–1453), and also of the brief Latin (1204–1261), and the later Ottoman (1453–1923) empires.

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Continental System

The Continental System or Continental Blockade (known in French as Blocus continental) was the foreign policy of Napoleon I of France against the United Kingdom during the Napoleonic Wars.

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County of Boulogne

The County of Boulogne was a county within the kingdom of France during the 9th to 15th centuries, centred on the city of Boulogne-sur-Mer.

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County of Flanders

The County of Flanders (Graafschap Vlaanderen, Comté de Flandre) was a historic territory in the Low Countries.

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County of Hainaut

The County of Hainaut (Comté de Hainaut, Graafschap Henegouwen; Grafschaft Hennegau), sometimes given the archaic spellings Hainault and Heynowes, was a historical lordship within the medieval Holy Roman Empire, with its capital at Mons (Bergen).

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Dakar

Dakar is the capital and largest city of Senegal.

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Désiré Dihau

Désiré Dihau (2 August 1833 – 20 August 1909) was a French bassoonist and composer.

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Deûle

The Deûle (Deule) is a river of northern France which is channeled for the main part of its course (from Lens to Lille).

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Departments of France

In the administrative divisions of France, the department (département) is one of the three levels of government below the national level ("territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the commune.

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Didier Six

Didier Six (born 21 August 1954) is a former French international footballer.

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Dijon

Dijon is a city in eastern:France, capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region.

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Double (association football)

The Double, in association football, is the achievement of winning a country's top tier division and its primary cup competition in the same season.

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Duchy of Burgundy

The Duchy of Burgundy (Ducatus Burgundiae; Duché de Bourgogne) emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians, which after its conquest in 532 had formed a constituent part of the Frankish Empire.

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Dunkirk

Dunkirk (Dunkerque; Duinkerke(n)) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Dutch Republic

The Dutch Republic was a republic that existed from the formal creation of a confederacy in 1581 by several Dutch provinces (which earlier seceded from the Spanish rule) until the Batavian Revolution in 1795.

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E-Artsup

E-Artsup is a French private university created in 2001 and specialized in digital creativity and multimedia.

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Eberhard of Friuli

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846.

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EDHEC Business School (Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales du Nord)

EDHEC Business School is a leading French graduate business school specialising in business and management.

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Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death on 24 March 1603.

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Epitech

The Paris Graduate School of Digital Innovation (École pour l'informatique et les nouvelles technologies, or Epitech), formerly European Institute of Information Technology in English is a private institution of higher education in general computer science that was founded in 1999 and has been accredited by the French government.

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Erfurt

Erfurt is the capital and largest city in the state of Thuringia, central Germany.

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Ernest Joseph Bailly

Ernest Joseph Bailly, (or Baillu) who was born at Lille in 1753, studied first in the Academy of Ghent, then at Antwerp, and subsequently at Paris.

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Esch-sur-Alzette

Esch-sur-Alzette (Esch-Uelzecht, Esch-an-der-Alzette or Esch-an-der-Alzig, Esch-sur-Alzette) is a commune with town status in south-western Luxembourg.

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ESME-Sudria

The Ecole Spéciale de Mécanique et d'Electricité (English traduction: Special School of Mechanics and Electricity), called ESME Sudria, is a French private institution of higher education and research (Grande École d'Ingénieurs) located in France (Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon & Lille).

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EuroBasket 2015

FIBA EuroBasket 2015 was the 39th annual edition of the EuroBasket championship that is organised by FIBA Europe.

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European Capital of Culture

The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union (EU) for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events with a strong pan-European dimension.

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European Doctoral College Lille Nord-Pas de Calais

The European Doctoral College Lille Nord-Pas de Calais (French: Collège doctoral de l'université Lille Nord de France) at the University of Lille Nord de France is a European research centre supporting academic and industrial research institutions in the north of France and Belgium.

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Eurostar

Eurostar is a high-speed railway service connecting London with Amsterdam, Avignon, Brussels, Lille, Lyon, Marseille, Paris and Rotterdam.

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Fall of Constantinople

The Fall of Constantinople (Ἅλωσις τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, Halōsis tēs Kōnstantinoupoleōs; İstanbul'un Fethi Conquest of Istanbul) was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by an invading Ottoman army on 29 May 1453.

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Feast of the Pheasant

The Feast of the Pheasant (French: Banquet du Voeu du Faisan, "Banquet of the Oath of the Pheasant") was a banquet given by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy on 17 February 1454 in Lille, now in France.

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Ferdinand, Count of Flanders

Ferdinand (24 March 1188 – 27 July 1233; Portuguese: Fernando, French and Dutch: Ferrand) reigned as jure uxoris Count of Flanders and Hainaut from his marriage to Countess Joan, celebrated in Paris in 1212, until his death.

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Fives, Nord

Fives is a former commune in the Nord department in northern France, since 1858 part of Lille.

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Flea market

A flea market (or swap meet) is a type of bazaar that rents or provides space to people who want to sell or barter merchandise.

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Food industry

The food industry is a complex, global collective of diverse businesses that supplies most of the food consumed by the world population.

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Football in France

Association football is the most popular sport in France, followed by rugby union.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais

France 3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais is one France 3's regional services, broadcasting to people in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region.

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Franco-Flemish War

The Franco-Flemish War (also called Flanders’ War of Liberation) was a conflict between the Kingdom of France and the County of Flanders between 1297 and 1305.

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Franks

The Franks (Franci or gens Francorum) were a collection of Germanic peoples, whose name was first mentioned in 3rd century Roman sources, associated with tribes on the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD, on the edge of the Roman Empire.

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French Flanders

French Flanders (La Flandre française; Frans-Vlaanderen) is a part of the historical County of Flanders in present-day France where Flemings and the Dutch were traditionally the dominant ethnic groups and where Dutch was or still is traditionally spoken.

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French Resistance

The French Resistance (La Résistance) was the collection of French movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.

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Frisians

The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group indigenous to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and northwestern Germany.

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Gaël Kakuta

Gaël Kakuta (born 21 June 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Ligue 1 club Amiens SC, on loan from Hebei China Fortune, and the DR Congo national football team.

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Gabriel Grovlez

Gabriel Marie Grovlez (4 April 1879 – 20 October 1944) was an eminent French composer, conductor, pianist, and music critic.

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Gare de Lille Europe

Lille Europe is a SNCF railway station in Lille, France, on the LGV Nord High Speed railway.

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Gare de Lille Flandres

Lille Flandres is the main railway station of Lille, capital of French Flanders.

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Gargantua and Pantagruel

The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel (La vie de Gargantua et de Pantagruel) is a pentalogy of novels written in the 16th century by François Rabelais, which tells of the adventures of two giants, Gargantua and his son Pantagruel. The text is written in an amusing, extravagant, and satirical vein, and features much crudity, scatological humor, and violence (lists of explicit or vulgar insults fill several chapters).

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Gaspard Thémistocle Lestiboudois

Gaspard Thémistocle Lestiboudois (12 October 1797, Lille – 22 November 1876, Paris) was a French naturalist.

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Gaul

Gaul (Latin: Gallia) was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age that was inhabited by Celtic tribes, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, Northern Italy, as well as the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine.

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Genoa

Genoa (Genova,; Zêna; English, historically, and Genua) is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the sixth-largest city in Italy.

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German military administration in occupied France during World War II

The Military Administration in France (Militärverwaltung in Frankreich; Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne) was an interim occupation authority established by Nazi Germany during World War II to administer the occupied zone in areas of northern and western France.

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.

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Ghent

Ghent (Gent; Gand) is a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

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Guy, Count of Flanders

Guy of Dampierre (Gwijde van Dampierre) (– 7 March 1305, Compiègne) was the Count of Flanders (1251–1305) and Marquis of Namur (1268–1297).

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Habsburg Spain

Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1516–1700), when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg (also associated with its role in the history of Central Europe).

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Haifa

Haifa (חֵיפָה; حيفا) is the third-largest city in Israel – after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv– with a population of in.

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Hautes études d'ingénieur

HEI Lille or École des Hautes Études d’Ingénieur (French for School of High Studies in Engineering) is a private school of engineering located in Lille, France, member of Lille Catholic University and a French Grande École.

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Hauts-de-France

Hauts-de-France (translates to "Upper France" in English; Heuts-d'Franche) is a region of France created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014, from a merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy.

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Henri Padé

Henri Eugène Padé (December 17, 1863 – July 9, 1953) was a French mathematician, who is now remembered mainly for his development of Padé approximation techniques for functions using rational functions.

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High-speed rail

High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.

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Hospice Comtesse

The Hospice Comtesse or Hospice Notre-Dame is a 17th-century hospice on Rue de la Monnaie in the Old Town area of Lille, France, first built in 1236 by Joan, Countess of Flanders.

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Hungarians

Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary (Magyarország) and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history and speak the Hungarian language.

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IESEG School of Management

IÉSEG School of Management (stands for Institut d'Economie Scientifique Et de Gestion) is a post-bac business school in France, established in 1964 in Lille.

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Illustrator

An illustrator is an artist who specializes in enhancing writing or elucidating concepts by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text or idea.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

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Institut catholique d'arts et métiers

Located in six cities in France, Institut catholique d'arts et métiers is a Graduate Engineering school created in 1898.

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Institut industriel du Nord

The Institut industriel du Nord (IDN) was the engineering school and research institute at École Centrale de Lille from 1872 to 1991, within the campus of the Lille University of Science and Technology (France).

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Institut supérieur européen de formation par l'action

The Institut supérieur européen de formation par l'action (ISEFAC) is a French private business school created in 2000.

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Institut supérieur européen de gestion group

The Institut supérieur européen de gestion group (ISEG group, French for Advanced European Institute of Management) is a group of two business schools, ISEG Marketing & Communication School and ISG Programme Business & Management, the former created in 1980, and the latter formed in 2014 when ISEG Business School and ISEG Finance School, each also founded in 1980, merged.

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Iris Mittenaere

Iris Mittenaere (born 25 January 1993) is a French model, television presenter and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe 2016 in Pasay, Philippines.

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Irish College

Irish Colleges is the collective name used for approximately 34 centres of education for Irish Catholic clergy and lay people opened on continental Europe in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.

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Ismael Ehui

Ismaël Ehui (born December 10, 1986) is a French footballer.

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Jacquemart Giélée

Jacquemart Giélée (often spelt Gielée) was a French poet of the Middle Ages born in Lille.

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James VI and I

James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.

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Jardin botanique de la Faculté de Pharmacie

The Jardin botanique de la Faculté de Pharmacie (2 hectares), more formally the Jardin de la Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de l'Université de Lille 2, is a botanical garden and arboretum operated by the Faculty of Pharmacy of the Université de Lille 2.

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Jardin botanique Nicolas Boulay

The Jardin botanique Nicolas Boulay is a botanical garden operated by the Faculty of Medicine at the Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France.

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Jardin des plantes de Lille

The jardin des plantes de Lille (11 hectares) is a municipal botanical garden located on the rue du Jardin des plantes, Lille, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France.

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Jean Baptiste Perrin

Jean Baptiste Perrin (30 September 1870 – 17 April 1942) was a French physicist who, in his studies of the Brownian motion of minute particles suspended in liquids, verified Albert Einstein’s explanation of this phenomenon and thereby confirmed the atomic nature of matter (sedimentation equilibrium).

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Jean Dieudonné

Jean Alexandre Eugène Dieudonné (1 July 1906 – 29 November 1992) was a French mathematician, notable for research in abstract algebra, algebraic geometry, and functional analysis, for close involvement with the Nicolas Bourbaki pseudonymous group and the Éléments de géométrie algébrique project of Alexander Grothendieck, and as a historian of mathematics, particularly in the fields of functional analysis and algebraic topology.

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Jerry Vandam

Jerry Vandam (born 8 December 1988) is a French professional footballer who plays as a right back for Championnat National 2 club Le Puy Foot 43.

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Joan, Countess of Flanders

Joan, often called Joan of Constantinople (1200? – 5 December 1244), ruled as Countess of Flanders and Hainaut from 1205 until her death.

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Joseph Kampé de Fériet

Marie-Joseph Kampé de Fériet (Paris, 14 May 1893 – Villeneuve d'Ascq, 6 April 1982) was professor at Université Lille Nord de France from 1919 to 1969.

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Joseph Valentin Boussinesq

Joseph Valentin Boussinesq (13 March 1842 – 19 February 1929) was a French mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to the theory of hydrodynamics, vibration, light, and heat.

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Juggling

Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.

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Julien Duvivier

Julien Duvivier (8 October 1896, Lille – 29 October 1967, Paris) was a French film director.

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Kamini (musician)

Kamini Zantoko (born 8 December 1979; his surname, of Congolese origin, means "defense") is a French rapper.

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Kharkiv

Kharkiv (Ха́рків), also known as Kharkov (Ха́рьков) from Russian, is the second-largest city in Ukraine.

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Kortrijk

Kortrijk (in English also Courtrai or Courtray; official name in Dutch: Kortrijk,; West Flemish: Kortryk or Kortrik, Courtrai,; Cortoriacum) is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders.

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La Voix du Nord (daily)

La Voix du Nord (lit. The Voice of the North or The Voice of Nord) is a regional daily newspaper from the north of France.

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Léon Danchin

Léon Danchin (21 June 1887 - 4 August 1938) was a French artist known for his drawings of animals, primarily sporting dogs.

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Leeds

Leeds is a city in the metropolitan borough of Leeds, in the county of West Yorkshire, England.

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Les Châtiments

Les Châtiments ("Castigations") is a collection of poems by Victor Hugo that fiercely attack Napoléon III's Second Empire.

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Liège

Liège (Lidje; Luik,; Lüttich) is a major Walloon city and municipality and the capital of the Belgian province of Liège. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east of Belgium, not far from borders with the Netherlands (Maastricht is about to the north) and with Germany (Aachen is about north-east). At Liège, the Meuse meets the River Ourthe. The city is part of the sillon industriel, the former industrial backbone of Wallonia. It still is the principal economic and cultural centre of the region. The Liège municipality (i.e. the city proper) includes the former communes of Angleur, Bressoux, Chênée, Glain, Grivegnée, Jupille-sur-Meuse, Rocourt, and Wandre. In November 2012, Liège had 198,280 inhabitants. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,879 km2 (725 sq mi) and had a total population of 749,110 on 1 January 2008. Population of all municipalities in Belgium on 1 January 2008. Retrieved on 2008-10-19. Definitions of metropolitan areas in Belgium. The metropolitan area of Liège is divided into three levels. First, the central agglomeration (agglomeratie) with 480,513 inhabitants (2008-01-01). Adding the closest surroundings (banlieue) gives a total of 641,591. And, including the outer commuter zone (forensenwoonzone) the population is 810,983. Retrieved on 2008-10-19. This includes a total of 52 municipalities, among others, Herstal and Seraing. Liège ranks as the third most populous urban area in Belgium, after Brussels and Antwerp, and the fourth municipality after Antwerp, Ghent and Charleroi.

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Ligue 1

Ligue 1, also called Ligue 1 Conforama for sponsorship reasons with Conforama, is a French professional league for men's association football clubs.

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Lille 2 University of Health and Law

The Lille 2 University of Health and Law (Université Lille II) is a French university for health, sports, management and law.

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Lille Airport

Lille Airport (Aéroport de Lille) is an airport located in Lesquin, south-southeast of Lille, a city in northern France.

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Lille Cathedral

Lille Cathedral, the Basilica of Notre Dame de la Treille (Basilique-cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-la-Treille de Lille), is a Roman Catholic church and basilica located in Lille, France.

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Lille Catholic University

Lille and Polytechnic University Federation (French: Fédération Universitaire et Polytechnique de Lille), which also goes by the name Lille Catholic University (French: Université Catholique de Lille) ("Catho"), is a federation of Catholic-inspired institutions established in 1973.

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Lille Metro

The Lille Metro (Métro de Lille) is a driverless metro located in Lille, France.

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Lille OSC

LOSC Lille (Lille Olympique Sporting Club,; commonly referred to as Le LOSC, Lille OSC or simply Lille) is a French association football club based in Lille.

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Lille University of Science and Technology

The Lille University of Science and Technology (Université Lille 1: Sciences et Technologies) was a French university located on a dedicated main campus in Villeneuve d'Ascq with 20,000 full-time students plus 14,500 students in continuing education (2004).

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List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants (2006 census)

Below is a list of communes in France (overseas departments included) with a population over 20,000 at the 2006 census.

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List of French monarchs

The monarchs of the Kingdom of France and its predecessors (and successor monarchies) ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of the Franks in 486 until the fall of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.

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Louis Faidherbe

Louis Léon César Faidherbe (3 June 1818 – 29 September 1889) was a French general and colonial administrator.

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Louis Marie Cordonnier

Louis Marie Cordonnier (July 7, 1854, Haubourdin, Nord – 1940) was a French architect, born in Haubourdin and associated principally with Lille and the French Flanders region.

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Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur (December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization.

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Louis VIII of France

Louis VIII the Lion (Louis VIII le Lion; 5 September 1187 – 8 November 1226) was King of France from 1223 to 1226.

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Louis XIV of France

Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), known as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.

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Low Countries

The Low Countries or, in the geographic sense of the term, the Netherlands (de Lage Landen or de Nederlanden, les Pays Bas) is a coastal region in northwestern Europe, consisting especially of the Netherlands and Belgium, and the low-lying delta of the Rhine, Meuse, Scheldt, and Ems rivers where much of the land is at or below sea level.

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Lucas Pouille

Lucas Pouille (born 23 February 1994) is a French professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.

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Lydéric and Phinaert

Lydéric and Phinaert were semi-legendary figures tied to the foundation of the French city of Lille.

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Lyon

Lyon (Liyon), is the third-largest city and second-largest urban area of France.

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Lys (river)

The Lys (French) or Leie (Dutch/German) is a river in France and Belgium, and a left-bank tributary of the Scheldt.

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Machine

A machine uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an intended action.

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Madeleine Damerment

Madeleine Zoe Damerment (11 November 1917 – 13 September 1944) was a French heroine of World War II who served in the French Resistance and Britain’s Special Operations Executive.

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Maison Devambez

Maison Devambez is the name of a fine printer's firm in Paris.

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Margaret II, Countess of Flanders

Margaret, often called Margaret of Constantinople (2 June 1202 – 10 February 1280), ruled as Countess of Flanders during 1244–1278 and Countess of Hainaut during 1244–1253 and 1257–1280.

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Margaret III, Countess of Flanders

Margaret III of Flanders (13 April 1350 – 16/21 March 1405) was the last Countess of Flanders of the House of Dampierre, as well as Countess of Artois and Countess of Burgundy (as Margaret II).

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Marseille

Marseille (Provençal: Marselha), is the second-largest city of France and the largest city of the Provence historical region.

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Martine Aubry

Martine Louise Marie Aubry (née Delors; born 8 August 1950) is a French politician.

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Mary of Burgundy

Mary (Marie; Maria; 13 February 1457 – 27 March 1482), Duchess of Burgundy, reigned over many of the territories of the Duchy of Burgundy, now mainly in France and the Low Countries, from 1477 until her death.

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Matthias de l'Obel

Mathias de l'Obel, Mathias de Lobel or Matthaeus Lobelius (1538 – 3 March 1616) was a Flemish physician and botanist who was born in Lille, Flanders, in what is now Nord-Pas de Calais, France, and died at Highgate, London, England.

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Max Immelmann

Max Immelmann (21 September 1890 – 18 June 1916) PLM was the first German World War I flying ace.

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Maxime Agueh

Maxime Agueh (born April 1, 1978 in Lille) is a French-Beninese former football player.

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Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death, though he was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky.

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Mayor (France)

In France, a mayor (maire in French) is chairperson of the municipal council, which organizes the work and deliberates on municipal matters.

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Météo-France

Météo-France is the French national meteorological service.

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Métropole Européenne de Lille

Métropole Européenne de Lille is the métropole, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Lille.

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Menapii

The Menapii were a Belgic tribe of northern Gaul in pre-Roman and Roman times.

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Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France

The Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France (Militärverwaltung in Belgien und Nordfrankreich) was an interim occupation authority established during the Second World War by Nazi Germany that included present-day Belgium and the French departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais.

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Minister of the Interior (France)

The Minister of the Interior (Ministre de l'Intérieur) is an important position in the Government of France.

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Miss Universe 2016

Miss Universe 2016 was the 65th Miss Universe pageant, was held on 30 January 2017 at the Mall of Asia Arena, Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines.

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Morini

The Morini were a Belgic tribe of northern Gaul.

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Mount of piety

A mount of piety is an institutional pawnbroker run as a charity in Europe from Renaissance times until today, more often referred to by the relevant local term, such as monte di pietà (Italian), mont de piété (French) or monte de piedad (Spanish).

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Nabil Bentaleb

Nabil Bentaleb (نبيل بن طالب; born 24 November 1994) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bundesliga club Schalke 04 and the Algeria national team.

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Nablus

Nablus (نابلس, שכם, Biblical Shechem ISO 259-3 Škem, Νεάπολις Νeapolis) is a city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, (approximately by road), with a population of 126,132.

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Napoleon

Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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National Railway Company of Belgium

NMBS/SNCB (Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen, Société nationale des chemins de fer belges, Nationale Gesellschaft der Belgischen Eisenbahnen) is the national railway company of Belgium.

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Neo-impressionism

Neo-Impressionism is a term coined by French art critic Félix Fénéon in 1886 to describe an art movement founded by Georges Seurat.

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Nervii

The Nervii were one of the most powerful Celtic tribes,; living in northern Gaul at the time of its conquest by Rome.

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Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.

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Nord (French department)

Nord (North; Noorderdepartement) is a department in the far north of France.

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Nord éclair

Nord éclair is a French language regional newspaper in Roubaix, France.

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Normans

The Normans (Norman: Normaunds; Normands; Normanni) were the people who, in the 10th and 11th centuries, gave their name to Normandy, a region in France.

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Oceanic climate

An oceanic or highland climate, also known as a marine or maritime climate, is the Köppen classification of climate typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, and generally features cool summers (relative to their latitude) and cool winters, with a relatively narrow annual temperature range and few extremes of temperature, with the exception for transitional areas to continental, subarctic and highland climates.

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Old Dutch

In linguistics, Old Dutch or Old Low Franconian is the set of Franconian dialects (i.e. dialects that evolved from Frankish) spoken in the Low Countries during the Early Middle Ages, from around the 5th to the 12th century.

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Opéra de Lille

The Opéra de Lille is a neo-classical opera house, built from 1907 to 1913 and officially inaugurated in 1923.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Oujda

Oujda (ūʒda) is the capital city of the Oriental region of eastern Morocco.

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P'tit Quinquin (song)

"P'tit Quinquin" is a song by Alexandre Desrousseaux which was written in the Picard language in 1853.

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Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille

The Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille (Lille Palace of Fine Arts) is a municipal museum dedicated to fine arts, modern art, and antiquities.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Pas-de-Calais

Pas-de-Calais is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders ('pas' meaning passage).

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Pasteur Institute

The Pasteur Institute (Institut Pasteur) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines.

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Paul Gachet

Paul-Ferdinand Gachet (30 July 1828 – 9 January 1909) was a French physician most famous for treating the painter Vincent van Gogh during his last weeks in Auvers-sur-Oise.

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Paul Hallez

Paul Hallez (10 September 1846 - 2 November 1938) was a French zoologist and embryologist born in Lille.

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Paul Painlevé

Paul Painlevé (5 December 1863 – 29 October 1933) was a French mathematician and statesman.

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Philip II of France

Philip II, known as Philip Augustus (Philippe Auguste; 21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), was King of France from 1180 to 1223, a member of the House of Capet.

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Philip II of Spain

Philip II (Felipe II; 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598), called "the Prudent" (el Prudente), was King of Spain (1556–98), King of Portugal (1581–98, as Philip I, Filipe I), King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and jure uxoris King of England and Ireland (during his marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554–58).

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Philip the Bold

Philip the Bold (17 January 1342 – 27 April 1404, Halle) was Duke of Burgundy (as Philip II) and jure uxoris Count of Flanders (as Philip II), Artois and Burgundy (as Philip IV).

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Philip the Good

Philip the Good (Philippe le Bon, Filips de Goede; 31 July 1396 – 15 June 1467) was Duke of Burgundy as Philip III from 1419 until his death.

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Philippe Noiret

Philippe Noiret (1 October 1930 – 23 November 2006) was a French film actor.

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Picard language

Picard is a langues d'oïl dialect spoken in the northernmost part of France and southern Belgium.

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Pierre De Geyter

Pierre Chrétien De Geyter (8 October 1848 – 26 September 1932) was a Belgian socialist (who later became a communist) and a composer, known for writing the music of The Internationale.

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Pierre Dubreuil

Pierre Dubreuil (March 5, 1872 - January 9, 1944) was a French photographer, born in Lille, who spent his career in France and Belgium.

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Pierre Joseph Duhem

Pierre Joseph Duhem (8 July 1758 – 24 March 1807) was a French physician and politician.

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Pierre Mauroy

Pierre Mauroy (5 July 1928 – 7 June 2013) was a French Socialist politician who was Prime Minister of France from 1981 to 1984 under President François Mitterrand.

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Pierre-Nicolas Legrand de Lérant

Pierre-Nicolas Sicot, known as Legrand de Lérant or de Sérant (Pont-l'Évêque, 1758 – Bern, 1829), was a French painter.

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Popular Front (France)

The Popular Front (Front populaire) was an alliance of left-wing movements, including the French Communist Party (PCF), the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and the Radical and Socialist Party, during the interwar period.

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Prefectures in France

A prefecture (préfecture) in France may refer to.

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President of France

The President of the French Republic (Président de la République française) is the executive head of state of France in the French Fifth Republic.

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Prime Minister of France

The French Prime Minister (Premier ministre français) in the Fifth Republic is the head of government.

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Prix Breizh

The prix Breizh is a French literary award bestowed under this name since 2001, on the initiative of Gwenn-Aël Bolloré.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.

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Raoul de Godewaersvelde

Raoul de Godewaersvelde (born Francis Albert Victor Delbarre) (28 January 1928 – 14 April 1977) was a French singer.

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Raphaël Varane

Raphaël Xavier Varane (born 25 April 1993) is a French professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Spanish club Real Madrid and the France national team. He previously played for French club Lens and, ahead of the 2010–11 season, began training with the senior team and appeared on the bench in several league matches. On 7 November 2010, Varane made his professional debut in a league match against Montpellier. After one season with the French club, as a professional footballer, Varane joined Real Madrid in the summer of 2011. Since joining the Spanish giants he has made over 200 appearances for the club and has won 15 major honours including: two La Liga titles and four UEFA Champions League titles. At only 24 years of age, Varane won his third UEFA Champions League trophy making him the youngest defender ever to have won three Champions League trophies since Paolo Maldini who was 26 when he won his third Champions League title. Varane was a France youth international, having earned caps at under-18, under-20 and under-21 level. He made his full international debut in March 2013 and represented the country at the 2014 FIFA World Cup. After an admirable performance during the 2014 FIFA World Cup he was nominated for the Best Young Player award. Varane has been described by Lens youth coach Eric Assadourian as a "truly first class player" who is "comfortable on both the tactical and technical level". In January 2014, he was named by The Guardian as one of the ten most promising young players in Europe. Many ex players and current football managers, such as Fernando Hierro and José Mourinho, consider Varane to be one of the best defenders in world football.

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Rapid transit

Rapid transit or mass rapid transit, also known as heavy rail, metro, MRT, subway, tube, U-Bahn or underground, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas.

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Regions of France

France is divided into 18 administrative regions (région), including 13 metropolitan regions and 5 overseas regions.

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Renée Adorée

Renée Adorée (born Jeanne de la Fonte,30 September 1898 – 5 October 1933) was a French actress who appeared in Hollywood silent movies during the 1920s.

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Resistance Medal

The Resistance medal (Médaille de la Résistance) was a decoration bestowed by the French Committee of National Liberation, based in the United Kingdom, during World War II.

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Roger Salengro

Roger Henri Charles Salengro (30 May 1890 in Lille – 18 November 1936 in Lille) was a French politician.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Rotterdam

Rotterdam is a city in the Netherlands, in South Holland within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt river delta at the North Sea.

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Roubaix

Roubaix is a city in Northern France, located in the Lille metropolitan area.

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Safed

Safed (צְפַת Tsfat, Ashkenazi: Tzfas, Biblical: Ṣ'fath; صفد, Ṣafad) is a city in the Northern District of Israel.

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Saint-Louis, Senegal

Saint-Louis, or Ndar as it is called in Wolof, is the capital of Senegal's Saint-Louis Region.

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Saint-Omer

Saint-Omer (Sint-Omaars) is a commune in France.

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Sanaa Altama

Sanaa Altama (born 23 July 1990 in Lille) is a Chadian professional footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for LB Châteauroux.

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Sarah Ousfar

Sarah Ousfar (born July 28, 1993 in Lille, France) is a French basketball player who plays for club Basket Landes of the League feminine de basket the top league of basketball for women in France.

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Saxons

The Saxons (Saxones, Sachsen, Seaxe, Sahson, Sassen, Saksen) were a Germanic people whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, Saxonia) near the North Sea coast of what is now Germany.

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Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban

Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban (1 May 163330 March 1707), commonly referred to as Vauban, was a French military engineer who rose in the service to the king and was commissioned as a Marshal of France.

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Scarpe (river)

The Scarpe is a river in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

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Scheldt

The Scheldt (l'Escaut, Escô, Schelde) is a long river in northern France, western Belgium and the southwestern part of the Netherlands.

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Sciences Po Lille

Sciences Po Lille - Institut d'études politiques de Lille (Lille Institute of Political Studies), officially referred to as Sciences Po Lille (pronounced see-ohns po), is part of the highly selective grandes écoles and is located in Lille, France.

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Serge Lutens

Serge Lutens (born 14 March 1942 in Lille, France) is a French photographer, filmmaker, hair stylist, perfume creator and fashion designer.

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Seventeen Provinces

The Seventeen Provinces were the Imperial states of the Habsburg Netherlands in the 16th century.

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Siege of Lille (1667)

The Siege of Lille took place during the War of Devolution.

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Skema Business School

SKEMA Business School is a school created by the merger of two French schools, CERAM Business School and Groupe ESC Lille in 2009.

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Socialist Party (France)

The Socialist Party (Parti socialiste, PS) is a social-democratic political party in France, and the largest party of the French centre-left.

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Stade Pierre-Mauroy

The Stade Pierre-Mauroy is a multi-use, retractable roof stadium in Villeneuve-d'Ascq, near Lille, France, that opened in August 2012.

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State of Palestine

Palestine (فلسطين), officially the State of Palestine (دولة فلسطين), is a ''de jure'' sovereign state in the Middle East claiming the West Bank (bordering Israel and Jordan) and Gaza Strip (bordering Israel and Egypt) with East Jerusalem as the designated capital, although its administrative center is currently located in Ramallah.

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Steam engine

A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.

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Strasbourg

Strasbourg (Alsatian: Strossburi; Straßburg) is the capital and largest city of the Grand Est region of France and is the official seat of the European Parliament.

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Street performance

Street performance or busking is the act of performing in public places for gratuities.

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Terraced house

In architecture and city planning, a terraced or terrace house (UK) or townhouse (US) exhibits a style of medium-density housing that originated in Europe in the 16th century, where a row of identical or mirror-image houses share side walls.

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Tertiary sector of the economy

The tertiary sector or service sector is the third of the three economic sectors of the three-sector theory.

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TGV

The TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, "high-speed train") is France's intercity high-speed rail service, operated by the SNCF, the state-owned national rail operator.

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The Internationale

"The Internationale" (L'Internationale) is a left-wing anthem.

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The Mountain

The Mountain (La Montagne) was a political group during the French Revolution, whose members, called Montagnards, sat on the highest benches in the National Assembly.

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Tlemcen

Tlemcen (تلمسان Tlemsan; ⵜⵍⴻⵎⵙⴰⵏ) is a city in north-western Algeria, and the capital of the province of the same name.

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Toponymy

Toponymy is the study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use, and typology.

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Toulouse

Toulouse (Tolosa, Tolosa) is the capital of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the region of Occitanie.

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Tourcoing

Tourcoing is a city in northern France.

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Tournai

Tournai (Latin: Tornacum, Picard: Tornai), known in Dutch as Doornik and historically as Dornick in English, is a Walloon municipality of Belgium, southwest of Brussels on the river Scheldt.

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Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668)

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle or Aachen ended the War of Devolution between France and Spain.

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Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).

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Turin

Turin (Torino; Turin) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.

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UEFA Champions League

The UEFA Champions League is an annual continental club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and contested by top-division European clubs.

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UEFA Europa League

The UEFA Europa League is an annual football club competition organised by UEFA since 1971 for eligible European football clubs.

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University of Douai

The University of Douai (Université de Douai) is a former university in Douai, France.

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University of Lille Nord de France

The University of Lille Nord de France (Université Lille Nord de France) is a French Groups of Universities and Institutions (COMUE) spread over multiple campuses and centered in Lille.

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Urban area

An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment.

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Vaccine

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

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Valenciennes

Valenciennes (Dutch: Valencijn, Latin: Valentianae, Valincyinne) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Valladolid

Valladolid is a city in Spain and the de facto capital of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Véhicule Automatique Léger

Véhicule Automatique Léger (automatic light vehicle), or VAL is a type of automatic rubber-tyred people mover technology, based on an invention by Professor Robert Gabillard from the Université Lille Nord de France.

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Vichy France

Vichy France (Régime de Vichy) is the common name of the French State (État français) headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II.

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Victor Hugo

Victor Marie Hugo (26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic movement.

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Vikings

Vikings (Old English: wicing—"pirate", Danish and vikinger; Swedish and vikingar; víkingar, from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.

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Villeneuve-d'Ascq

Villeneuve-d'Ascq is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Vincent van Gogh

Vincent Willem van Gogh (30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art.

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Wallonia

Wallonia (Wallonie, Wallonie(n), Wallonië, Walonreye, Wallounien) is a region of Belgium.

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War of the Spanish Succession

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700.

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Wazemmes

Wazemmes is a former commune in the Nord department in northern France, merged into Lille in 1858.

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William Birdwood

Field Marshal William Riddell Birdwood, 1st Baron Birdwood, (13 September 1865 – 17 May 1951) was a British Army officer.

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World Esperanto Congress

The World Esperanto Congress (Universala Kongreso de Esperanto, UK) is an annual Esperanto convention.

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Wrocław

Wrocław (Breslau; Vratislav; Vratislavia) is the largest city in western Poland.

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Yvonne Chauffin

Yvonne Chauffin (26 March 1905, Lille – 6 December 1995, Caudan) was a 20th-century French writer.

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Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat

Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat (born 29 December 1923 in Lille) is a French mathematician and physicist.

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Yvonne Furneaux

Yvonne Furneaux (born 11 May 1928, Roubaix, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France) is a French film actress.

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2005 French riots

The 2005 French riots was a three-week period of riots in the suburbs of Paris and other French cities, in October and November 2005, that involved the burning of cars and public buildings at night.

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2010–11 in French football

The 2010–11 season is the 78th season of competitive professional football in France.

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2010–11 Ligue 1

The 2010–11 Ligue 1 season (known as Ligue 1 Orange for sponsorship reasons) was the 73rd since its establishment.

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2011 Coupe de France Final

The 2011 Coupe de France Final was the 93rd final of France's most prestigious football cup competition.

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Redirects here:

History of Lille, Hurlus, Lille, France, Rijsel, Ryssel, The weather in Lille, UN/LOCODE:FRLLE.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lille

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