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29 relations: Animal testing, Anthrax, Bacillus anthracis, Biopsy, Catabolism, Cell (biology), Clinical trial, Drug discovery, Ex situ conservation, Ex vivo, Experiment, Harry Smith (microbiologist), In natura, In ovo, In papyro, In silico, In simulacra, In situ, In utero, In vino veritas, In vitro, Latin, Lipinski's rule of five, Organism, Oxford University Press, Petri dish, Preclinical imaging, Toxin, Vivisection.
Animal testing
Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study.
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Anthrax
Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
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Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is the etiologic agent of anthrax—a common disease of livestock and, occasionally, of humans—and the only obligate pathogen within the genus Bacillus.
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Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist involving extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease.
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Catabolism
Catabolism (from Greek κάτω kato, "downward" and βάλλειν ballein, "to throw") is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Clinical trial
Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.
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Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered.
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Ex situ conservation
Ex situ conservation literally means, "off-site conservation".
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Ex vivo
Ex vivo (Latin: "out of the living") means that which takes place outside an organism.
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Experiment
An experiment is a procedure carried out to support, refute, or validate a hypothesis.
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Harry Smith (microbiologist)
Harry Smith (7 August 1921 – 10 December 2011) was a British microbiologist, and Professor of Microbiology, at the University of Birmingham.
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In natura
In natura (Latin for "in Nature") is a phrase to describe conditions present in a non-laboratory environment, to differentiate it from in vivo (experiments on live organisms in a lab) and ex vivo (experiments on cultivated cells isolated from multicellular organisms) conditions.,.
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In ovo
In ovo is Latin for in the egg.
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In papyro
In papyro (literally, "in/on paper") is a cod Latin term that refers to experiments or studies carried out only on paper.
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In silico
In silico (literally cod Latin for "in silicon", alluding to the mass use of silicon for semiconductor computer chips) is an expression used to mean "performed on computer or via computer simulation." The phrase was coined in 1989 as an allusion to the Latin phrases in vivo, in vitro, and in situ, which are commonly used in biology (see also systems biology) and refer to experiments done in living organisms, outside living organisms, and where they are found in nature, respectively.
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In simulacra
In simulacra is a Latin phrase meaning "within likenesses." The phrase is used similarly to in vivo or ex vivo to denote the context of an experiment.
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In situ
In situ (often not italicized in English) is a Latin phrase that translates literally to "on site" or "in position".
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In utero
In utero is a Latin term literally meaning "in the womb" or "in the uterus".
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In vino veritas
In vino veritas is a Latin phrase that means "in wine, truth", suggesting a person under the influence of alcohol is more likely to speak their hidden thoughts and desires.
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In vitro
In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Lipinski's rule of five
Lipinski's rule of five also known as the Pfizer's rule of five or simply the rule of five (RO5) is a rule of thumb to evaluate druglikeness or determine if a chemical compound with a certain pharmacological or biological activity has chemical properties and physical properties that would make it a likely orally active drug in humans.
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Organism
In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Petri dish
A Petri dish (sometimes spelled "Petrie Dish" and alternatively known as a Petri plate or cell-culture dish), named after the German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri, is a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish that biologists use to culture cellssuch as bacteriaor small mosses.
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Preclinical imaging
Preclinical imaging is the visualization of living animals for research purposes, such as drug development.
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Toxin
A toxin (from toxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded.
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Vivisection
Vivisection is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure.
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