239 relations: ACE inhibitor, Adenosine triphosphate, Advanced glycation end-product, Aerobic exercise, Age-Related Eye Disease Study, Ageing, Ageless, Aging brain, Aging-associated diseases, Alcor Life Extension Foundation, Alternative medicine, American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine, American Aging Association, Amyloid, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis, Antioxidant, Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols, Antisense therapy, Apoptosis, Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Atherosclerosis, Aubrey de Grey, August Weismann, Autoimmune disease, Autophagy, Biodemography, Biodemography of human longevity, Bioethics, Biological immortality, Biomarkers of aging, Biomedicine, Biotechnology, Brain–computer interface, Caloric restriction mimetic, Calorie restriction, Cardiovascular disease, Cholinergic, Cloning, Club of Rome, Cockayne syndrome, Compensation law of mortality, CR Society International, Cross-link, Cryobiology, Cryonics, Cryopreservation, Cryoprotectant, Cyborg, Cynthia Kenyon, ..., David Gobel, Dementia, Dendrite, Denham Harman, Dietary Reference Intake, Dietary supplement, Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, Dihydrotestosterone, DNA, DNA damage theory of aging, DNA repair, Dolly (sheep), Dopaminergic, Durk Pearson, Ending Aging, Endocrine system, Engines of Creation, Epigenetic clock, Error catastrophe, Eugenics, Eugeroic, Evolution of ageing, Exercise, Extropianism, Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever, Food and Drug Administration, Free-radical theory of aging, Futures studies, Gene therapy, Genetic code, Genetic engineering, Genetically modified organism, Genetics of aging, Genomics, George C. Williams (biologist), Geriatrics, Geron Corporation, Gerontology, Geroprotector, Global catastrophic risk, Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality, Growth hormone, Harry Demopoulos, Hayflick limit, Health, Healthy diet, HeLa, Henrietta Lacks, Hormesis, Human cloning, Human enhancement, Human Genome Project, Human overpopulation, Humanism, Hypoxia (medical), Immortalist Society, Immortality, Indefinite lifespan, Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, Irwin Stone, Julian Savulescu, K. Eric Drexler, Kübler-Ross model, Klotho (biology), Leonard Hayflick, Life expectancy, Life extension, Life Extension Foundation, Life Extension Institute, Life Extension: A Practical Scientific Approach, Linus Pauling, Lipofuscin, List of health and fitness magazines, List of longest-living organisms, Longevity, Longevity escape velocity, Macular degeneration, Malthusian catastrophe, Malthusian growth model, Malthusianism, Matthias Rath, Maximum life span, Megavitamin therapy, Memory and aging, Methuselah Foundation, Michael D. West, Michael Ristow, Mind uploading, Mitochondrial DNA, Molecular cloning, Molecular engineering, Molecular nanotechnology, Monoamine oxidase, Morphological freedom, Mortality rate, Nanomedicine, Nanotechnology, National Institute on Aging, Neurite, Neurochemical, Neurodegeneration, Neuroenhancement, Neurofibrillary tangle, Neurotrophic factors, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Nootropic, Norepinephrine, Nutrient, Nutrition, Occupational safety and health, Old age, Organ printing, Organ transplantation, Orthomolecular medicine, Oxidative stress, Paleolithic diet, Parkinson's disease, Patients' rights, Peter Medawar, Peter Thiel, Planned obsolescence, Pleiotropy, Population ageing, Population control, Population growth, Population momentum, Posthuman, Postmenopausal hormone therapy, Predictive medicine, Pregnenolone, Prescription drug, Prescription drug prices in the United States, Prevention (magazine), Preventive healthcare, Pro-oxidant, Progeria, Programmed cell death, Prostatitis, Radical (chemistry), Rate-of-living theory, Raw foodism, Ray Kurzweil, Raymond Pearl, Reactive oxygen species, Redox, Reference Daily Intake, Regeneration (biology), Regenerative medicine, Rejuvenation (aging), Reliability engineering, Reliability theory of aging and longevity, Reprogenetics, Resveratrol, RNA, Roy Walford, Safety, SAGE KE, Sandy Shaw, Saul Kent, Senescence, Senolytic, SENS Research Foundation, Sierra Sciences, Sleep deprivation, Somatic cell nuclear transfer, Sports medicine, Stem cell, Stem-cell therapy, Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence, Superoxide, Superoxide dismutase, Techno-progressivism, Technological determinism, Technological evolution, Technological singularity, Technological utopianism, Technology assessment, Telomere, The Limits to Growth, Thomas Robert Malthus, Tissue engineering, Tom Kirkwood, Transhumanism, Uniform Determination of Death Act, United States Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops, Vitamin, Werner syndrome, Whole genome sequencing, Xeroderma pigmentosum. Expand index (189 more) »
ACE inhibitor
An angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (elevated blood pressure) and congestive heart failure.
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Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic chemical that participates in many processes.
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Advanced glycation end-product
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are proteins or lipids that become glycated as a result of exposure to sugars.
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Aerobic exercise
Aerobic exercise (also known as cardio) is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process.
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Age-Related Eye Disease Study
The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) was a clinical trial sponsored by the National Eye Institute, one of the National Institutes of Health in the United States.
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Ageing
Ageing or aging (see spelling differences) is the process of becoming older.
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Ageless
Ageless is an adjective describing a person or thing whose age cannot be defined, is non-existent, or appears not to change.
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Aging brain
Aging is a major risk factor for most common neurodegenerative diseases, including mild cognitive impairment, dementias including Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease and Lou Gehrig's disease.
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Aging-associated diseases
An aging-associated disease is a disease that is most often seen with increasing frequency with increasing senescence.
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Alcor Life Extension Foundation
The Alcor Life Extension Foundation, most often referred to as Alcor, is a nonprofit organization based in Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
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Alternative medicine
Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.
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American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine
The American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine (A4M) is a United States registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes the questionable field of anti-aging medicine and trains and certifies physicians in this specialty.
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American Aging Association
The American Aging Association is a non-profit, tax-exempt biogerontology organization of scientists and laypeople dedicated to biomedical aging studies and geroscience, with the goal of slowing the aging process to extend the healthy human lifespan while preserving and restoring functions typically lost to age-related degeneration.
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Amyloid
Amyloids are aggregates of proteins that become folded into a shape that allows many copies of that protein to stick together forming fibrils.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND), and Lou Gehrig's disease, is a specific disease which causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles.
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Antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis
The antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis was first proposed by George C. Williams in 1957 as an evolutionary explanation for senescence.
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Antioxidant
Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.
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Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols
A polyphenol antioxidant is a type of antioxidant containing a polyphenolic substructure and studied in vitro.
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Antisense therapy
Antisense therapy is a form of treatment for genetic disorders or infections.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
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Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine
Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine is a subsidiary of Astellas Pharma located in Marlborough, Massachusetts, developing stem cell therapies with a focus on diseases that cause blindness.
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Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the inside of an artery narrows due to the build up of plaque.
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Aubrey de Grey
Aubrey David Nicholas Jasper de Grey (born 20 April 1963) is an English author and biomedical gerontologist and mathematician who has made a significant contribution to the Hadwiger–Nelson problem.
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August Weismann
August Friedrich Leopold Weismann (17 January 1834 – 5 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist.
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Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
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Autophagy
Autophagy (or autophagocytosis) (from the Ancient Greek αὐτόφαγος autóphagos, meaning "self-devouring" and κύτος kýtos, meaning "hollow") is the natural, regulated, destructive mechanism of the cell that disassembles unnecessary or dysfunctional components.
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Biodemography
Biodemography is the science dealing with the integration of biological theory and demography.
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Biodemography of human longevity
Biodemography is a multidisciplinary approach, integrating biological knowledge (studies on human biology and animal models) with demographic research on human longevity and survival.
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Bioethics
Bioethics is the study of the ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine.
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Biological immortality
Biological immortality (sometimes referred to bio-indefinite mortality) is a state in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing, thus decoupling it from chronological age.
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Biomarkers of aging
Biomarkers of aging are biomarkers that could predict functional capacity at some later age better than will chronological age.
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Biomedicine
Biomedicine (i.e. medical biology) is a branch of medical science that applies biological and physiological principles to clinical practice.
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Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the broad area of science involving living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art. 2).
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Brain–computer interface
A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a neural-control interface (NCI), mind-machine interface (MMI), direct neural interface (DNI), or brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication pathway between an enhanced or wired brain and an external device.
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Caloric restriction mimetic
Calorie restriction mimetics (CRM), also known as energy restriction mimetics, are a hypothetical class of dietary supplements or drug candidates that would, in principle, mimic the substantial anti-aging effects that calorie restriction (CR) has on many laboratory animals.
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Calorie restriction
Calorie restriction, or caloric restriction, or energy restriction, is a dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without incurring malnutrition or a reduction in essential nutrients.
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Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
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Cholinergic
In general, the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the ''N'',''N'',''N''-trimethylethanolammonium cation.
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Cloning
Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially.
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Club of Rome
The Club of Rome describes itself as "an organisation of individuals who share a common concern for the future of humanity and strive to make a difference.
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Cockayne syndrome
Cockayne syndrome (CS), also called Neill-Dingwall syndrome, is a rare and fatal autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by growth failure, impaired development of the nervous system, abnormal sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity), eye disorders and premature aging.
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Compensation law of mortality
The compensation law of mortality (late-life mortality convergence) states that the relative differences in death rates between different populations of the same biological species decrease with age, because the higher initial death rates in disadvantaged populations are compensated by lower pace of mortality increase with age.
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CR Society International
The CR Society International is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization that was previously known as the CR Society or Calorie Restriction Society. It is the fruit of the labor of several thousand workers who are practicing, supporting, and conducting research into calorie restriction as a means of slowing the aging process.
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Cross-link
A cross-link is a bond that links one polymer chain to another.
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Cryobiology
Cryobiology is the branch of biology that studies the effects of low temperatures on living things within Earth's cryosphere or in science.
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Cryonics
Cryonics (from Greek κρύος kryos meaning 'cold') is the low-temperature preservation (usually at −196°C) of human cadavers, with the hope that resuscitation and restoration to life and full health may be possible in the far future.
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Cryopreservation
Cryo-preservation or cryo-conservation is a process where organelles, cells, tissues, extracellular matrix, organs or any other biological constructs susceptible to damage caused by unregulated chemical kinetics are preserved by cooling to very low temperatures (typically −80 °C using solid carbon dioxide or −196 °C using liquid nitrogen).
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Cryoprotectant
A cryoprotectant is a substance used to protect biological tissue from freezing damage (i.e. that due to ice formation).
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Cyborg
A cyborg (short for "'''cyb'''ernetic '''org'''anism") is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts.
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Cynthia Kenyon
Cynthia Jane Kenyon (February 21, 1954) is an American molecular biologist and biogerontologist known for her genetic dissection of aging in a widely used model organism, the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans and professor at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).
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David Gobel
David Gobel (born 1952 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American philanthropist, entrepreneur, inventor, and futurist.
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Dementia
Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning.
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Dendrite
Dendrites (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree"), also dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
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Denham Harman
Denham Harman (February 14, 1916 – November 25, 2014) FACP, FAAA, was Professor emeritus at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.
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Dietary Reference Intake
The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) is a system of nutrition recommendations from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academies (United States).
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Dietary supplement
A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement the diet when taken by mouth as a pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid.
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Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 ("DSHEA"), is a 1994 statute of United States Federal legislation which defines and regulates dietary supplements.
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Dihydrotestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), or 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT), also known as androstanolone or stanolone, is an endogenous androgen sex steroid and hormone.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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DNA damage theory of aging
The DNA damage theory of aging proposes that aging is a consequence of unrepaired accumulation of naturally occurring DNA damages.
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DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
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Dolly (sheep)
Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003) was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer.
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Dopaminergic
Dopaminergic means "related to dopamine" (literally, "working on dopamine"), dopamine being a common neurotransmitter.
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Durk Pearson
Durk Pearson (born 1943 in Illinois) is a research scientist best known for coauthoring a series of books on longevity, beginning with Life Extension: A Practical Scientific Approach.
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Ending Aging
Ending Aging: The Rejuvenation Breakthroughs that Could Reverse Human Aging in Our Lifetime is a 2007 book written by Aubrey de Grey, a biomedical gerontologist, with his research assistant Michael Rae.
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Endocrine system
The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system consisting of hormones, the group of glands of an organism that carry those hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs, and the feedback loops of homeostasis that the hormones drive.
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Engines of Creation
Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology is a 1986 molecular nanotechnology book written by K. Eric Drexler with a foreword by Marvin Minsky.
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Epigenetic clock
An epigenetic clock is a type of a molecular age estimation method based on DNA methylation levels.
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Error catastrophe
Error catastrophe is the extinction of an organism (often in the context of microorganisms such as viruses) as a result of excessive mutations.
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Eugenics
Eugenics (from Greek εὐγενής eugenes 'well-born' from εὖ eu, 'good, well' and γένος genos, 'race, stock, kin') is a set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.
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Eugeroic
Eugeroics (originally, "eugrégorique" or "eugregoric"), also known as wakefulness-promoting agents and wakefulness-promoting drugs, are a class of drugs that promote wakefulness and alertness.
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Evolution of ageing
Enquiry into the evolution of ageing aims to explain why survival, reproductive success, and functioning of almost all living organisms decline at old age.
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Exercise
Exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.
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Extropianism
Extropianism, also referred to as the philosophy of Extropy, is an "evolving framework of values and standards for continuously improving the human condition".
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Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever
Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever (Rodale Books), published in 2004, is a book authored by Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman.
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Food and Drug Administration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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Free-radical theory of aging
The free radical theory of aging (FRTA) states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time.
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Futures studies
Futures studies (also called futurology) is the study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures and the worldviews and myths that underlie them.
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Gene therapy
In the medicine field, gene therapy (also called human gene transfer) is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease.
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Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.
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Genetically modified organism
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically engineered organism).
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Genetics of aging
Genetics of aging is generally concerned with life extension associated with genetic alterations, rather than with accelerated aging diseases leading to reduction in lifespan.
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Genomics
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of science focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.
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George C. Williams (biologist)
George Christopher Williams (May 12, 1926 – September 8, 2010) was an American evolutionary biologist.
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Geriatrics
Geriatrics, or geriatric medicine, is a specialty that focuses on health care of elderly people.
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Geron Corporation
Geron Corporation is a biotechnology company located in Menlo Park, California, which specializes in developing and commercializing therapeutic products for cancer that inhibit telomerase.
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Gerontology
Gerontology is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of ageing.
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Geroprotector
A geroprotector is a senotherapeutic that aims to affect the root cause of aging and age-related diseases, and thus prolong the life span of animals.
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Global catastrophic risk
A global catastrophic risk is a hypothetical future event which could damage human well-being on a global scale, even crippling or destroying modern civilization.
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Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
The Gompertz–Makeham law states that the human death rate is the sum of an age-independent component (the Makeham term, named after William Makeham) and an age-dependent component (the Gompertz function, named after Benjamin Gompertz), which increases exponentially with age.
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Growth hormone
Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin (or as human growth hormone in its human form), is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.
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Harry Demopoulos
Harry B. Demopoulos is a researcher in the medical aspects of free radicals, especially in the areas of ischaemic injury, the toxicity of anticancer drugs, and in spinal cord injury.
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Hayflick limit
The Hayflick limit or Hayflick phenomenon is the number of times a normal human cell population will divide before cell division stops.
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Health
Health is the ability of a biological system to acquire, convert, allocate, distribute, and utilize energy with maximum efficiency.
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Healthy diet
A healthy diet is a diet that helps to maintain or improve overall health.
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HeLa
HeLa (also Hela or hela) is a cell type in an immortal cell line used in scientific research.
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Henrietta Lacks
Henrietta Lacks (born Loretta Pleasant; August 1, 1920 – October 4, 1951) Note: Some sources report her birthday as August 2, 1920, vs.
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Hormesis
Hormesis is any process in a cell or organism that exhibits a response to exposure to increasing amounts of a substance or condition.
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Human cloning
Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy (or clone) of a human.
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Human enhancement
Human enhancement (Augment) is "any attempt to temporarily or permanently overcome the current limitations of the human body through natural or artificial means.
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Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and a functional standpoint.
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Human overpopulation
Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.
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Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition.
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Hypoxia (medical)
Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level.
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Immortalist Society
The Immortalist Society is a charitable 501(c)(3) organization devoted to research and education in the areas of cryonics and life extension.
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Immortality
Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.
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Indefinite lifespan
Indefinite lifespan (also known as indefinite life extension or bio-indefinite) is a term used in the life extension movement and transhumanism to refer to the hypothetical longevity of humans (and other life-forms) under conditions in which ageing is effectively and completely prevented and treated.
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Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies
The Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET) is a "technoprogressive think tank" that seeks to contribute to understanding of the likely impact of emerging technologies on individuals and societies by "promoting and publicizing the work of thinkers who examine the social implications of scientific and technological advance".
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Irwin Stone
Irwin Stone (1907–1984) was an American biochemist, chemical engineer, and author.
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Julian Savulescu
Julian Savulescu (born 22 December 1963) is an Australian philosopher and bioethicist.
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K. Eric Drexler
Kim Eric Drexler (born April 25, 1955) is an American engineer best known for popularizing the potential of molecular nanotechnology (MNT), from the 1970s and 1980s.
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Kübler-Ross model
The Kübler-Ross model (otherwise known as the five stages of grief) postulates a progression of emotional states experienced by both terminally ill patients after diagnosis and by loved-ones after a death.
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Klotho (biology)
Klotho is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KL gene.
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Leonard Hayflick
Leonard Hayflick (born 20 May 1928) is a Professor of Anatomy at the UCSF School of Medicine, and was Professor of Medical Microbiology at Stanford University School of Medicine.
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Life expectancy
Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, its current age and other demographic factors including gender.
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Life extension
Life extension science, also known as anti-aging medicine, indefinite life extension, experimental gerontology, and biomedical gerontology, is the study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to extend both the maximum and average lifespan.
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Life Extension Foundation
The Life Extension Foundation (LEF) is a nonprofit organization, whose aim is to extend the healthy human lifespan by discovering scientific methods to control aging and eradicate disease.
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Life Extension Institute
The Life Extension Institute was an organization formed in the United States in 1913 with the philanthropic goal of prolonging human life through hygiene and disease prevention.
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Life Extension: A Practical Scientific Approach
Life Extension: A Practical Scientific Approach is a 1982 book by Durk Pearson and Sandy Shaw that popularized the life extension and smart drug movements.
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Linus Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, educator, and husband of American human rights activist Ava Helen Pauling.
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Lipofuscin
Lipofuscin is the name given to fine yellow-brown pigment granules composed of lipid-containing residues of lysosomal digestion.
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List of health and fitness magazines
Health and fitness magazines cover a variety of topics including physical fitness and well-being, nutrition, beauty, strength, bodybuilding, and weight training.
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List of longest-living organisms
This is a list of the longest-living organisms; that is, the individuals (in some instances, clones) of a species.
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Longevity
The word "longevity" is sometimes used as a synonym for "life expectancy" in demography.
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Longevity escape velocity
Longevity escape velocity (sometimes referred to as Actuarial escape velocity) is a term used in the life extension movement.
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Macular degeneration
Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD), is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field.
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Malthusian catastrophe
A Malthusian catastrophe (also known as Malthusian check or Malthusian spectre) is a prediction of a forced return to subsistence-level conditions once population growth has outpaced agricultural production - that there will be too many people and not enough food.
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Malthusian growth model
A Malthusian growth model, sometimes called a simple exponential growth model, is essentially exponential growth based on a constant rate.
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Malthusianism
Malthusianism is the idea that population growth is potentially exponential while the growth of the food supply is linear.
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Matthias Rath
Matthias Rath (born 1955 in Stuttgart, Germany) is a controversial doctor, businessman, and vitamin salesman.
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Maximum life span
Maximum life span (or, for humans, maximum reported age at death) is a measure of the maximum amount of time one or more members of a population have been observed to survive between birth and death.
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Megavitamin therapy
Megavitamin therapy is the use of large doses of vitamins, often many times greater than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) in the attempt to prevent or treat diseases.
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Memory and aging
Age-related memory loss, sometimes described as "normal aging", is qualitatively different from memory loss associated with dementias such as Alzheimer's disease, and is believed to have a different brain mechanism.
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Methuselah Foundation
The Methuselah Foundation is a non-profit organization co-founded in 2003 by David Gobel and Aubrey de Grey.
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Michael D. West
Michael D. West is a gerontologist, and a pioneer in stem cells, cellular aging and telomerase.
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Michael Ristow
Michael Ristow (b April 24, 1967) is a German medical researcher who has published influential articles on biochemical aspects of mitochondrial metabolism and particularly the possibly health-promoting role of reactive oxygen species in diseases like type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer, as well as general aging due to a process called mitohormesis.
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Mind uploading
Whole brain emulation (WBE), mind upload or brain upload (sometimes called "mind copying" or "mind transfer") is the hypothetical futuristic process of scanning the mental state (including long-term memory and "self") of a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computer.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms.
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Molecular engineering
Molecular engineering is an emerging field of study concerned with the design and testing of molecular properties, behavior and interactions in order to assemble better materials, systems, and processes for specific functions.
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Molecular nanotechnology
Molecular nanotechnology (MNT) is a technology based on the ability to build structures to complex, atomic specifications by means of mechanosynthesis.
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Monoamine oxidase
L-Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines.
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Morphological freedom
Morphological freedom refers to a proposed civil right of a person to either maintain or modify their own body, on their own terms, through informed, consensual recourse to, or refusal of, available therapeutic or enabling medical technology.
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Mortality rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
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Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology.
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Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale.
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National Institute on Aging
The National Institute on Aging (NIA) is a division of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), located in Bethesda, Maryland.
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Neurite
A neurite or neuronal process refers to any projection from the cell body of a neuron.
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Neurochemical
A neurochemical is a small organic molecule or peptide that participates in neural activity.
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Neurodegeneration
Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.
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Neuroenhancement
Neuroenhancement refers to the targeted enhancement and extension of cognitive and affective abilities based on an understanding of their underlying neurobiology in healthy persons who do not have any mental illness.
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Neurofibrillary tangle
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein that are most commonly known as a primary marker of Alzheimer's disease.
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Neurotrophic factors
Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are a family of biomolecules – nearly all of which are peptides or small proteins – that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of both developing and mature neurons.
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a drug class that reduce pain, decrease fever, prevent blood clots and, in higher doses, decrease inflammation.
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Nootropic
Nootropics, also known as smart drugs and cognitive enhancers, are drugs, supplements, and other substances that purport to improve cognitive function, particularly executive functions, memory, creativity, or motivation, in healthy individuals.
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Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter.
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Nutrient
A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce.
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Nutrition
Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.
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Occupational safety and health
Occupational safety and health (OSH), also commonly referred to as occupational health and safety (OHS), occupational health, or workplace health and safety (WHS), is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work.
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Old age
Old age refers to ages nearing or surpassing the life expectancy of human beings, and is thus the end of the human life cycle.
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Organ printing
A printable organ is an artificially constructed device designed for organ replacement, produced using 3D printing techniques.
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Organ transplantation
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ.
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Orthomolecular medicine
Orthomolecular medicine, a form of alternative medicine, aims to maintain human health through nutritional supplementation.
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Oxidative stress
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage.
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Paleolithic diet
The terms Paleolithic diet, paleo diet, caveman diet, and stone-age diet describe modern fad diets requiring the sole or predominant consumption of foods presumed to have been the only foods available to or consumed by humans during the Paleolithic era.
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Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system.
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Patients' rights
A patient's bill of rights is a list of guarantees for those receiving medical care.
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Peter Medawar
Sir Peter Brian Medawar (28 February 1915 – 2 October 1987) was a British biologist born in Brazil, whose work on graft rejection and the discovery of acquired immune tolerance was fundamental to the practice of tissue and organ transplants.
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Peter Thiel
Peter Andreas Thiel (born October 11, 1967) is an American entrepreneur, venture capitalist, philanthropist, political activist, and author.
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Planned obsolescence
Planned obsolescence, or built-in obsolescence, in industrial design and economics is a policy of planning or designing a product with an artificially limited useful life, so it will become obsolete (that is, unfashionable or no longer functional) after a certain period of time.
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Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, "more", and τρόπος tropos, "way") occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits.
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Population ageing
Population ageing is an increasing median age in the population of a region due to declining fertility rates and/or rising life expectancy.
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Population control
Population control is the practice of artificially maintaining the size of any population.
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Population growth
In biology or human geography, population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population.
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Population momentum
Population momentum is a typical consequence of the demographic transition.
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Posthuman
Posthuman or post-human is a concept originating in the fields of science fiction, futurology, contemporary art, and philosophy that literally means a person or entity that exists in a state beyond being human.
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Postmenopausal hormone therapy
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), or postmenopausal hormone therapy (PHT, PMHT), also known as hormone replacement therapy in menopause, is a form of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) which is used in postmenopausal, perimenopausal, and surgically menopausal women.
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Predictive medicine
Predictive medicine is a field of medicine that entails predicting the probability of disease and instituting preventive measures in order to either prevent the disease altogether or significantly decrease its impact upon the patient (such as by preventing mortality or limiting morbidity).
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Pregnenolone
Pregnenolone (P5), or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is an endogenous steroid and precursor/metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of most of the steroid hormones, including the progestogens, androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids.
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Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication or prescription medicine) is a pharmaceutical drug that legally requires a medical prescription to be dispensed.
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Prescription drug prices in the United States
Prescription drug prices in the United States have been among the highest in the world.
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Prevention (magazine)
Prevention is an American healthy lifestyle magazine, started in 1950, and published by Rodale Press in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, in the United States.
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Preventive healthcare
Preventive healthcare (alternately preventive medicine, preventative healthcare/medicine, or prophylaxis) consists of measures taken for disease prevention, as opposed to disease treatment.
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Pro-oxidant
Pro-oxidants are chemicals that induce oxidative stress, either by generating reactive oxygen species or by inhibiting antioxidant systems.
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Progeria
Progeria is an extremely rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder in which symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at a very early age.
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Programmed cell death
Programmed cell death (or PCD) is the death of a cell in any form, mediated by an intracellular program.
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Prostatitis
Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland.
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Radical (chemistry)
In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron.
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Rate-of-living theory
The rate of living theory postulates that the faster an organism’s metabolism, the shorter its lifespan.
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Raw foodism
Raw foodism, also known as following a raw food diet, is the dietary practice of eating only (or mostly) food that is uncooked and unprocessed.
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Ray Kurzweil
Raymond Kurzweil (born February 12, 1948) is an American author, computer scientist, inventor and futurist.
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Raymond Pearl
Raymond Pearl (3 June 1879 – 17 November 1940) was an American biologist, regarded as one of the founders of biogerontology.
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Reactive oxygen species
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Reference Daily Intake
The Reference Daily Intake (RDI) is the daily intake level of a nutrient that is considered to be sufficient to meet the requirements of 97–98% of healthy individuals in every demographic in the United States.
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Regeneration (biology)
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage.
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Regenerative medicine
Regenerative medicine is a branch of translational research in tissue engineering and molecular biology which deals with the "process of replacing, engineering or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function".
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Rejuvenation (aging)
Rejuvenation is a medical discipline focused on the practical reversal of the aging process.
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Reliability engineering
Reliability engineering is a sub-discipline of systems engineering that emphasizes dependability in the lifecycle management of a product.
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Reliability theory of aging and longevity
The reliability theory of aging is an attempt to apply the principles of reliability theory to create a mathematical model of senescence.
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Reprogenetics
Reprogenetics is the use of reproductive and genetic technologies to select and genetically modify embryos with germinal choice technology for the purpose of human enhancement.
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Resveratrol
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or, when the plant is under attack by pathogens such as bacteria or fungi.
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RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
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Roy Walford
Roy Lee Walford, M. D. (June 29, 1924 - April 27, 2004) was a pioneer in the field of caloric restriction.
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Safety
Safety is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf), the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable outcomes.
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SAGE KE
The Science of Aging Knowledge Environment (SAGE KE) was an online scientific resource provided by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
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Sandy Shaw
Sandy Shaw (formerly Sandy Shakocius) (born 1943) is an American writer on health.
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Saul Kent
Saul Kent is a life extension activist, and co-founder of the Life Extension Foundation, a dietary supplement vendor and promoter of anti-aging research.
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Senescence
Senescence or biological ageing is the gradual deterioration of function characteristic of most complex lifeforms, arguably found in all biological kingdoms, that on the level of the organism increases mortality after maturation.
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Senolytic
A senolytic (from the words “senescence” and “lytic” – destroying) is among the class of small molecules under basic research to determine if they can selectively induce death of senescent cells.
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SENS Research Foundation
The SENS Research Foundation (Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence Research Foundation) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization and regenerative medical research foundation co-founded by Michael Kope, Aubrey de Grey, Jeff Hall, Sarah Marr and Kevin Perrott, which is based in Mountain View, California, United States.
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Sierra Sciences
Sierra Sciences, LLC is a biotechnology company founded by William H. Andrews, former director of molecular biology at Geron Corporation.
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Sleep deprivation
Sleep deprivation is the condition of not having enough sleep; it can be either chronic or acute.
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Somatic cell nuclear transfer
In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell.
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Sports medicine
Sports medicine, also known as sport and exercise medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with physical fitness and the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and exercise.
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Stem cell
Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into other types of cells and can divide to produce more of the same type of stem cells.
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Stem-cell therapy
Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition.
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Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence
Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence (SENS) is the term coined by British biogerontologist Aubrey de Grey for the diverse range of regenerative medical therapies, either planned or currently in development, for the periodical repair of all age-related damage to human tissue with the ultimate purpose of maintaining a state of negligible senescence in the patient, thereby postponing age-associated disease for as long as the therapies are reapplied.
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Superoxide
A superoxide is a compound that contains the superoxide anion, which has the chemical formula.
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Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O2&minus) radical into either ordinary molecular oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
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Techno-progressivism
Techno-progressivism or tech-progressivism is a stance of active support for the convergence of technological change and social change.
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Technological determinism
Technological determinism is a reductionist theory that assumes that a society's technology determines the development of its social structure and cultural values.
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Technological evolution
Technological evolution is an innovation- and technology-related theory that describes the radical transformation of society through technological development.
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Technological singularity
The technological singularity (also, simply, the singularity) is the hypothesis that the invention of artificial superintelligence (ASI) will abruptly trigger runaway technological growth, resulting in unfathomable changes to human civilization.
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Technological utopianism
Technological utopianism (often called techno-utopian-ism or technoutopianism) is any ideology based on the premise that advances in science and technology could and should bring about a utopia, or at least help to fulfill one or another utopian ideal.
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Technology assessment
Technology assessment (TA, German: Technikfolgenabschätzung, French: évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques) is a scientific, interactive, and communicative process that aims to contribute to the formation of public and political opinion on societal aspects of science and technology.
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Telomere
A telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes.
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The Limits to Growth
The Limits to Growth (LTG) is a 1972 report on the computer simulation of exponential economic and population growth with a finite supply of resources.
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Thomas Robert Malthus
Thomas Robert Malthus (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834) was an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography.
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Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues.
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Tom Kirkwood
Thomas Burton Loram Kirkwood CBE FMedSci (6 July 1951, Durban, South Africa) is an English biologist who made his contribution to the biology of ageing by proposing the concept of ''Disposable soma''.
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Transhumanism
Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international intellectual movement that aims to transform the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.
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Uniform Determination of Death Act
The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) is a model state law that was approved for the United States in 1981 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, in cooperation with the American Medical Association, the American Bar Association, and the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
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United States Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops
The U.S. Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Nutrition, Agricultural Research and Specialty Crops is one of five subcommittees of the U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry.
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Vitamin
A vitamin is an organic molecule (or related set of molecules) which is an essential micronutrient - that is, a substance which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism - but cannot synthesize it (either at all, or in sufficient quantities), and therefore it must be obtained through the diet.
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Werner syndrome
Werner syndrome (WS), also known as "adult progeria",James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005).
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Whole genome sequencing
Whole genome sequencing (also known as WGS, full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing) is the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time.
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Xeroderma pigmentosum
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a genetic disorder in which there is a decreased ability to repair DNA damage such as that caused by ultraviolet (UV) light.
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Index of life extension-related articles, Index of life extension-related topics, List of life extension related topics, List of life extension-related topics, List of life-extension-related topics.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_topics_related_to_life_extension