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Inland Northern American English

Index Inland Northern American English

Inland Northern (American) English, also known in American linguistics as the Inland North or Great Lakes dialect, is an American English dialect spoken primarily by White Americans in a geographic band reaching from Central New York westward along the Erie Canal, through much of the U.S. Great Lakes region, to eastern Iowa. [1]

134 relations: /æ/ raising, African Americans, African-American Vernacular English, Akron, Ohio, American English, American linguistics, Automated teller machine, Barack Obama, Bill Lipinski, Bill Swerski's Superfans, Binghamton, New York, Buffalo, New York, Canada, Canadian English, Canadian raising, Central New York, Chain shift, Chicago, Chicago Bears, Chicago metropolitan area, Chris Farley, Cleveland, Coal Region, Coronal consonant, Cot–caught merger, David Draiman, Dennis Farina, Dennis Franz, Detroit, Devil's Night, Dialect, Diphthong, Drinking fountain, English-language vowel changes before historic /r/, Erie Canal, Erie, Pennsylvania, Flint, Michigan, Fredonia, New York, Fricative consonant, Fronting (phonetics), Garage sale, Gary, Indiana, General American, Gerald Ford, Goose bumps, Grand Rapids, Michigan, Great Lakes region, Great Migration (African American), Halloween, Hillary Clinton, ..., Iggy Pop, Illinois, Indiana, Inland Northern American English, Iowa, Jamestown, New York, Joan Cusack, Kenosha, Wisconsin, Kevin Dunn, Lansing, Michigan, Liberalism, Lily Tomlin, List of dialects of the English language, List of English words from indigenous languages of the Americas, Lower Peninsula of Michigan, Michael Moore, Michael Symon, Michigan, Midland American English, Midwestern American English, Midwestern United States, Milwaukee, Mischief Night, Monophthong, Mr. Skin, Near-open central vowel, New York (state), North American English regional phonology, North-Central American English, Northeastern Pennsylvania, Ohio, Olean, New York, Paul Ryan, Phonological history of English low back vowels, Pronunciation of English ⟨a⟩, R-colored vowel, Racine, Wisconsin, Rahm Emanuel, Raising (phonetics), Real-time sociolinguistics, Refuge island, Rhoticity in English, Richard M. Daley, Road verge, Rochester, New York, Rockford, Illinois, Rubbernecking, Rust Belt, Saturday Night Live, Scranton, Pennsylvania, Sean Giambrone, Seesaw, Siobhan Fallon Hogan, Sliding glass door, Sneakers, Sociolinguistics, Soft drink, South Bend, Indiana, St. Louis, Stop consonant, Susan Hawk, Suze Orman, Synonym, Syracuse, New York, Tap (valve), Th-stopping, The New York Times, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Wall Street Journal, Toledo, Ohio, Traffic congestion, U.S. Route 66 in Illinois, Utica, New York, Voice (phonetics), Voicelessness, Walter de Gruyter, Western New England English, Western Pennsylvania English, Western United States, White Americans, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, William Labov, Wisconsin, Wyoming Valley. Expand index (84 more) »

/æ/ raising

In the sociolinguistics of the English language, raising or short-a raising is a phenomenon in most American and many Canadian English accents, by which the "short a" vowel, the North American vowel (found in such words as ash, bath, man, lamp, pal, rag, sack, trap, etc.), is pronounced with a raising of the tongue.

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African Americans

African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.

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African-American Vernacular English

African-American Vernacular English (AAVE), known less precisely as Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), Black Vernacular English (BVE), or colloquially Ebonics (a controversial term), is the variety (dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of English natively spoken by most working- and middle-class African Americans and some Black Canadians, particularly in urban communities.

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Akron, Ohio

Akron is the fifth-largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Summit County.

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American English

American English (AmE, AE, AmEng, USEng, en-US), sometimes called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States.

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American linguistics

The history of linguistics in the United States begins with William Dwight Whitney, the first U.S.-taught academic linguist, who founded the American Philological Association in 1869.

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Automated teller machine

An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, transfer funds, or obtaining account information, at any time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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Bill Lipinski

William Oliver Lipinski (born December 22, 1937) is an American politician who was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 2005, representing a district in Chicago.

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Bill Swerski's Superfans

"Bill Swerski's Superfans" was a recurring sketch about Chicago sports fans on the American sketch comedy program Saturday Night Live.

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Binghamton, New York

Binghamton is a city in, and the county seat of, Broome County, New York, United States.

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Buffalo, New York

Buffalo is the second largest city in the state of New York and the 81st most populous city in the United States.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Canadian English

Canadian English (CanE, CE, en-CA) is the set of varieties of the English language native to Canada.

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Canadian raising

Canadian raising is an allophonic rule of phonology in many dialects of North American English that changes the pronunciation of diphthongs with open-vowel starting points.

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Central New York

Central New York is the central region of New York State, roughly including the following counties and cities: Under this definition, the region has a population of about 1,177,073, and includes the Syracuse metropolitan area.

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Chain shift

In historical linguistics, a chain shift is a set of sound changes in which the change in pronunciation of one speech sound (typically, a phoneme) is linked to, and presumably causes, the change in pronunciation of other sounds as well.

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Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

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Chicago Bears

The Chicago Bears are a professional American football team based in Chicago, Illinois.

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Chicago metropolitan area

The Chicago metropolitan area, or Chicagoland, is the metropolitan area that includes the city of Chicago, Illinois, and its suburbs.

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Chris Farley

Christopher Crosby Farley (February 15, 1964 – December 18, 1997) was an American actor and comedian.

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Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio, and the county seat of Cuyahoga County.

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Coal Region

The Coal Region is a historically important coal-mining area in Northeastern Pennsylvania in the central Ridge-and-valley Appalachian Mountains, comprising Lackawanna, Luzerne, Columbia, Carbon, Schuylkill, Northumberland, and the extreme northeast corner of Dauphin counties.

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Coronal consonant

Coronal consonants are consonants articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue.

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Cot–caught merger

The cot–caught merger (also known as the low back merger or the merger) is a phonemic merger that has taken place in some varieties of English, between the phonemes which are conventionally represented in the IPA as (which is usually written with au, aw, al or ough as in caught and thought) and (which is usually written with o as in cot and lot).

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David Draiman

David Michael Draiman (born March 13, 1973) is an American songwriter and the vocalist for the band Disturbed as well as for the band Device.

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Dennis Farina

Dennis Farina (February 29, 1944 – July 22, 2013) was an American actor of film and television and former Chicago police officer.

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Dennis Franz

Dennis Franz Schlachta (born October 28, 1944), known professionally as Dennis Franz, is an American actor best known for his role as NYPD Detective Andy Sipowicz in the ABC television series NYPD Blue (1993–2005), a role that earned him a Golden Globe Award, three Screen Actors Guild Awards and four Primetime Emmy Awards.

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Detroit

Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.

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Devil's Night

Devil's Night is a name associated with October 30, the night before Halloween.

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Dialect

The term dialect (from Latin,, from the Ancient Greek word,, "discourse", from,, "through" and,, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.

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Diphthong

A diphthong (or; from Greek: δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally "two sounds" or "two tones"), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

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Drinking fountain

A drinking fountain, also called a bubbler (generic trademark) or water fountain, is a fountain designed to provide drinking water.

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English-language vowel changes before historic /r/

In English, many vowel shifts only affect vowels followed by in rhotic dialects, or vowels that were historically followed by an that has since been elided in non-rhotic dialects.

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Erie Canal

The Erie Canal is a canal in New York, United States that is part of the east–west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal).

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Erie, Pennsylvania

Erie is a city in and the county seat of Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States.

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Flint, Michigan

Flint is the largest city and county seat of Genesee County, Michigan, United States.

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Fredonia, New York

Fredonia is a village in Chautauqua County, New York, United States.

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Fricative consonant

Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

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Fronting (phonetics)

In phonology, fronting is a sound change in which a vowel or consonant becomes fronted, advanced or pronounced farther to the front of the vocal tract than some reference point.

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Garage sale

A garage sale (also known as a yard sale, tag sale, moving sale and by many other namesSome rarely-used names include "attic sale," "basement sale," "rummage sale," "thrift sale," "patio sale" and "lawn sale.") is an informal event for the sale of used goods by private individuals, in which sellers are not required to obtain business licenses or collect sales tax (though, in some jurisdictions, a permit may be required).

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Gary, Indiana

Gary is a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States, from downtown Chicago, Illinois.

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General American

General American (abbreviated as GA or GenAm) is the umbrella variety of American English—the continuum of accents—spoken by a majority of Americans and popularly perceived, among Americans, as lacking any distinctly regional, ethnic, or socioeconomic characteristics.

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Gerald Ford

Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977.

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Goose bumps

Goose bumps are the bumps on a person's skin at the base of body hairs which may involuntarily develop when a person is cold or experiences strong emotions such as fear, euphoria or sexual arousal.

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Grand Rapids, Michigan

Grand Rapids is the second-largest city in Michigan, and the largest city in West Michigan.

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Great Lakes region

The Great Lakes region of North America is a bi-national Canada-American region that includes portions of the eight U.S. states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin as well as the Canadian province of Ontario.

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Great Migration (African American)

The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1916 and 1970.

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Halloween

Halloween or Hallowe'en (a contraction of All Hallows' Evening), also known as Allhalloween, All Hallows' Eve, or All Saints' Eve, is a celebration observed in a number of countries on 31 October, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Hallows' Day.

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Hillary Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.

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Iggy Pop

James Newell Osterberg Jr. (born April 21, 1947), known professionally by his stage name Iggy Pop, and designated the "Godfather of Punk", is an American singer, songwriter, musician, producer and actor.

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Illinois

Illinois is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Indiana

Indiana is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America.

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Inland Northern American English

Inland Northern (American) English, also known in American linguistics as the Inland North or Great Lakes dialect, is an American English dialect spoken primarily by White Americans in a geographic band reaching from Central New York westward along the Erie Canal, through much of the U.S. Great Lakes region, to eastern Iowa.

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Iowa

Iowa is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri and Big Sioux rivers to the west.

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Jamestown, New York

Jamestown is a city in southern Chautauqua County, New York, United States.

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Joan Cusack

Joan Mary Cusack (born October 11, 1962) is an American actress.

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Kenosha, Wisconsin

Kenosha is a city in and the county seat of Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States.

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Kevin Dunn

Kevin Dunn (born August 24, 1956) is an American actor who has appeared in supporting roles in a number of films and television series since the 1980s.

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Lansing, Michigan

Lansing is the capital of the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Liberalism

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality.

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Lily Tomlin

Mary Jean "Lily" Tomlin (born September 1, 1939) is an American actress, comedian, writer, singer, and producer.

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List of dialects of the English language

This is an overview list of dialects of the English language.

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List of English words from indigenous languages of the Americas

This is a list of English language words borrowed from indigenous languages of the Americas, either directly or through intermediate European languages such as Spanish or French.

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Lower Peninsula of Michigan

The Lower Peninsula of Michigan is the southern of the two major landmasses of the U.S. state of Michigan, the other being the Upper Peninsula.

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Michael Moore

Michael Francis Moore (born April 23, 1954) is an American documentary filmmaker, activist, and author.

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Michael Symon

Michael D. Symon (born September 19, 1969) is an American chef, restaurateur, television personality, and author.

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Michigan

Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.

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Midland American English

Midland American English is a regional dialect or super-dialect of American English, geographically lying between the traditionally-defined Northern and Southern United States.

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Midwestern American English

Midwestern, Midwest, Upper North, or Upper Northern English, dialects or accents are associated with the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Midwestern United States

The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the American Midwest, Middle West, or simply the Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2").

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Milwaukee

Milwaukee is the largest city in the state of Wisconsin and the fifth-largest city in the Midwestern United States.

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Mischief Night

Mischief Night is an informal holiday on which certain children and teens engage in pranks and minor vandalism.

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Monophthong

A monophthong (Greek monóphthongos from mónos "single" and phthóngos "sound") is a pure vowel sound, one whose articulation at both beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position of articulation.

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Mr. Skin

Mr.

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Near-open central vowel

The near-open central vowel, or near-low central vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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North American English regional phonology

North American English regional phonology is the study of variations in the pronunciation of spoken North American English (English of the United States and Canada)—what are commonly known simply as "regional accents".

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North-Central American English

North-Central American English (also known as the Upper Midwestern or North Central dialect in the United States) is an American English dialect native to the Upper Midwestern United States, an area that somewhat overlaps with speakers of the separate Inland North dialect, centered more around the eastern Great Lakes region.

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Northeastern Pennsylvania

Northeastern Pennsylvania (NEPA) is a geographic region of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania that includes the Pocono Mountains, the Endless Mountains, and the industrial cities of Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Pittston, Hazleton, Nanticoke, and Carbondale.

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Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.

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Olean, New York

Olean is a city in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States.

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Paul Ryan

Paul Davis Ryan Jr. (born January 29, 1970) is an American politician serving as the 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives since 2015.

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Phonological history of English low back vowels

The phonology of the low back vowels of the English language has undergone changes both overall and with regional variations, through Old and Middle English to the present.

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Pronunciation of English ⟨a⟩

There are a variety of pronunciations in modern English and in historical forms of the language for words spelt with the a.

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R-colored vowel

In phonetics, an r-colored or rhotic vowel (also called a retroflex vowel, vocalic r, or a rhotacized vowel) is a vowel that is modified in a way that results in a lowering in frequency of the third formant.

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Racine, Wisconsin

Racine is a city in and the county seat of Racine County, Wisconsin, United States.

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Rahm Emanuel

Rahm Israel Emanuel (born November 29, 1959) is an American politician, who is the 44th and current mayor of Chicago.

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Raising (phonetics)

In phonology and phonetics, raising is a sound change in which a vowel or consonant becomes higher or raised, meaning that the tongue becomes more elevated or positioned closer to the roof of the mouth than before.

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Real-time sociolinguistics

Real-time sociolinguistics is a sociolinguistic research method concerned with observing linguistic variation and change in progress via longitudinal studies.

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Refuge island

A refuge island, also known as a pedestrian refuge, pedestrian island and colloquially as a "pork chop" island, is a small section of pavement or sidewalk, completely surrounded by asphalt or other road materials, where pedestrians can stop before finishing crossing a road.

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Rhoticity in English

Rhoticity in English refers to English speakers' pronunciation of the historical rhotic consonant, and is one of the most prominent distinctions by which varieties of English can be classified.

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Richard M. Daley

Richard Michael Daley (born April 24, 1942) is an American politician, lawyer, and author who served as the 43rd Mayor of Chicago, Illinois from 1989 to 2011.

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Road verge

A road verge is a strip of grass or plants, and sometimes also trees, located between a roadway (carriageway) and a sidewalk (pavement).

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Rochester, New York

Rochester is a city on the southern shore of Lake Ontario in western New York.

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Rockford, Illinois

Rockford is the third largest city in the U.S. state of Illinois, the 171st most populous city in the United States, the largest city in Illinois outside the Chicago metropolitan area, and the city of the 148th most populous metropolitan area in the United States.

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Rubbernecking

Rubbernecking is the act of staring at something of interest.

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Rust Belt

The Rust Belt is a region of the United States, made up mostly of places in the Midwest and Great Lakes, though the term may be used to include any location where industry declined starting around 1980.

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Saturday Night Live

Saturday Night Live (SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.

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Scranton, Pennsylvania

Scranton is the sixth-largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania behind Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie and Reading.

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Sean Giambrone

Sean Giambrone (born May 30, 1999) is an American actor, best known for his role as Adam Goldberg in the ABC comedy series, The Goldbergs.

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Seesaw

A seesaw (also known as a teeter-totter or teeterboard) is a long, narrow board supported by a single pivot point, most commonly located at the midpoint between both ends; as one end goes up, the other goes down.

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Siobhan Fallon Hogan

Siobhan Fallon Hogan (born May 13, 1961) is an American actress and comedian.

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Sliding glass door

A sliding glass door or patio door, is a type of sliding door in architecture and construction, is a large glass window opening in a structure that provide door access from a room to the outdoors, fresh air, and copious natural light.

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Sneakers

Sneakers (also known as athletic shoes, tennis shoes, gym shoes, sport shoes, runners, takkies, or trainers) are shoes primarily designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise, but which are now also often used for everyday wear.

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Sociolinguistics

Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and society's effect on language.

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Soft drink

A soft drink (see terminology for other names) typically contains carbonated water (although some lemonades are not carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring.

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South Bend, Indiana

South Bend is a city in and the county seat of St. Joseph County, Indiana, United States, on the St. Joseph River near its southernmost bend, from which it derives its name.

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St. Louis

St.

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Stop consonant

In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

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Susan Hawk

Susan "Sue" Hawk (born August 17, 1961 in Waukesha, Wisconsin) is a reality TV personality who was a contestant on Survivor: Borneo and Survivor: All-Stars.

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Suze Orman

Susan Lynn "Suze" Orman (born June 5, 1951 in Chicago) is an American author, financial advisor, motivational speaker, and television host.

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Synonym

A synonym is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language.

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Syracuse, New York

Syracuse is a city in and the county seat of Onondaga County, New York, in the United States.

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Tap (valve)

A tap (also spigot or faucet: see usage variations) is a valve controlling the release of a liquid or gas.

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Th-stopping

Th-stopping is the realization of the dental fricatives as stops—either dental or alveolar—which occurs in several dialects of English.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Toledo, Ohio

Toledo is a city in and the county seat of Lucas County, Ohio, United States.

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Traffic congestion

Traffic congestion is a condition on transport networks that occurs as use increases, and is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing.

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U.S. Route 66 in Illinois

U.S. Route 66 (US 66, Route 66) was a United States Numbered Highway in Illinois that connected St. Louis, Missouri, and Chicago, Illinois.

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Utica, New York

Utica is a city in the Mohawk Valley and the county seat of Oneida County, New York, United States.

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Voice (phonetics)

Voice is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).

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Voicelessness

In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating.

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Walter de Gruyter

Walter de Gruyter GmbH (or; brand name: De Gruyter) is a scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.

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Western New England English

Western New England English refers to the varieties of New England English native to Vermont, Connecticut, and the western half of Massachusetts; New York State's Hudson Valley (from Albany to Poughkeepsie) also aligns to this classification.

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Western Pennsylvania English

Western Pennsylvania English, known more narrowly as Pittsburgh English or popularly by outsiders as Pittsburghese, is a dialect of American English native primarily to the western half of Pennsylvania, centered on the city of Pittsburgh, but potentially appearing as far north as Erie County, as far east as Sunbury, Pennsylvania, as far west as metropolitan Youngstown (Ohio), and as far south as micropolitan Clarksburg (West Virginia).

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Western United States

The Western United States, commonly referred to as the American West, the Far West, or simply the West, traditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost states of the United States.

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White Americans

White Americans are Americans who are descendants from any of the white racial groups of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, or in census statistics, those who self-report as white based on having majority-white ancestry.

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Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania

Wilkes-Barre is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Luzerne County.

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William Labov

William "Bill" Labov (born December 4, 1927) is an American linguist, widely regarded as the founder of the discipline of variationist sociolinguistics.

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Wisconsin

Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions.

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Wyoming Valley

The Wyoming Valley is a historic industrialized region of Northeastern Pennsylvania once famous for fueling the industrial revolution in the United States with its many anthracite coal mines.

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Buffalo English, Buffalo english, Chicago accent, Coalspeak, Hayna Valley English, Inland North, Inland North American, Inland north american english, Inland north dialect, Inland northern english, Midwest Accent, Midwest English, Midwest english, Midwestern Accent, North Inland dialect, North inland american english, Northeast Pennsylvania English, Northeastern Pennsylvania English, Northern Cities Chain Shift, Northern Cities Shift, Northern Cities Vowel Shift, Northern Cities vowel shift, Northern cities shift, Northern cities vowel shift, Northern inland american english.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inland_Northern_American_English

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