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71 relations: Action potential, Activation function, AMPA receptor, Antonio Galves, Aplysia, Artificial neural network, Artificial neuron, Bayesian approaches to brain function, Bifurcation theory, Binding neuron, Brain–computer interface, Canonical form, Capacitance, Chlorine, Chronobiology, Cochlea, Cochlear implant, Decision-making, Dendrite, Derivative, Dirac delta function, Electric current, Electrical resistance and conductance, Excitatory synapse, Exponential integrate-and-fire, Fourier transform, Free energy principle, GABAA receptor, GABAB receptor, Galves–Löcherbach model, Hair cell, Hierarchical temporal memory, Hodgkin–Huxley model, Homogeneity and heterogeneity, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Ion channel, Jeff Hawkins, Louis Lapicque, Membrane potential, Models of neural computation, Motor control, Neocortex, Nervous system, Neural circuit, Neuroglia, Neuron, Neuroscience, Neurotransmitter, NMDA receptor, Numenta, ..., Ohm's law, On Intelligence, Parabolic bursting, Perception, Poisson point process, Potassium, Pyramidal cell, Refractory period (physiology), Retina bipolar cell, Siemens (unit), Sigmoid function, Soliton model in neuroscience, Squid giant axon, Stochastic, Synaptic plasticity, Synaptic weight, Theta model, Transfer function, Visual prosthesis, Voltage, Voltage spike. Expand index (21 more) »
Action potential
In physiology, an action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific axon location rapidly rises and falls: this depolarisation then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarise.
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Activation function
In artificial neural networks, the activation function of a node defines the output of that node given an input or set of inputs.
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AMPA receptor
The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS).
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Antonio Galves
Jefferson Antonio Galves, known simply as Antonio Galves, is a Brazilian mathematician, professor of the Institute of Mathematics and Statistics of the University of São Paulo and member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.
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Aplysia
Aplysia is a genus of medium-sized to extremely large sea slugs, specifically sea hares, which are one clade of large sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks.
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Artificial neural network
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) or connectionist systems are computing systems vaguely inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains.
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Artificial neuron
An artificial neuron is a mathematical function conceived as a model of biological neurons, a neural network.
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Bayesian approaches to brain function
Bayesian approaches to brain function investigate the capacity of the nervous system to operate in situations of uncertainty in a fashion that is close to the optimal prescribed by Bayesian statistics.
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Bifurcation theory
Bifurcation theory is the mathematical study of changes in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family, such as the integral curves of a family of vector fields, and the solutions of a family of differential equations.
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Binding neuron
A binding neuron (BN) is an abstract mathematical model of the electrical activity of a neuron, closely related to well-known integrate-and-fire model.
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Brain–computer interface
A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a neural-control interface (NCI), mind-machine interface (MMI), direct neural interface (DNI), or brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication pathway between an enhanced or wired brain and an external device.
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Canonical form
In mathematics and computer science, a canonical, normal, or standard form of a mathematical object is a standard way of presenting that object as a mathematical expression.
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Capacitance
Capacitance is the ratio of the change in an electric charge in a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential.
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Chlorine
Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.
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Chronobiology
Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms and their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms.
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Cochlea
The cochlea is the part of the inner ear involved in hearing.
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Cochlear implant
A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss in both ears.
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Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several alternative possibilities.
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Dendrite
Dendrites (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree"), also dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
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Derivative
The derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value).
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Dirac delta function
In mathematics, the Dirac delta function (function) is a generalized function or distribution introduced by the physicist Paul Dirac.
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Electric current
An electric current is a flow of electric charge.
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Electrical resistance and conductance
The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor.
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Excitatory synapse
An excitatory synapse is a synapse in which an action potential in a presynaptic neuron increases the probability of an action potential occurring in a postsynaptic cell.
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Exponential integrate-and-fire
The exponential integrate-and-fire model (EIF) is a biological neuron model, a simple modification of the classical integrate-and-fire model describing how neurons produce action potentials.
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Fourier transform
The Fourier transform (FT) decomposes a function of time (a signal) into the frequencies that make it up, in a way similar to how a musical chord can be expressed as the frequencies (or pitches) of its constituent notes.
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Free energy principle
The free energy principle tries to explain how (biological) systems maintain their order (non-equilibrium steady-state) by restricting themselves to a limited number of states.
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GABAA receptor
The GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is an ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel.
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GABAB receptor
GABAB receptors (GABABR) are metabotropic transmembrane receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels.
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Galves–Löcherbach model
The Galves–Löcherbach model is a model with intrinsic stochasticity for biological neural nets, in which the probability of a future spike depends on the evolution of the complete system since the last spike.
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Hair cell
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of both the auditory system and the vestibular system in the ears of all vertebrates.
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Hierarchical temporal memory
Hierarchical temporal memory (HTM) is a technology based on a realistic biologically-constrained model of the pyramidal neuron that reflects today’s most recent neocortical research originally described in the 2004 book On Intelligence by Jeff Hawkins with Sandra Blakeslee.
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Hodgkin–Huxley model
The Hodgkin–Huxley model, or conductance-based model, is a mathematical model that describes how action potentials in neurons are initiated and propagated.
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Homogeneity and heterogeneity
Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts often used in the sciences and statistics relating to the uniformity in a substance or organism.
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Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is a kind of synaptic potential that makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to generate an action potential.
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Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
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Jeff Hawkins
Jeffrey Hawkins (born June 1, 1957) is the American founder of Palm Computing (where he invented the PalmPilot) and Handspring (where he invented the Treo).
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Louis Lapicque
Louis Édouard Lapicque (1 August 1866 – 6 December 1952) was a French neuroscientist, socialist activist, antidreyfusard and freemason who was very influential in the early 20th century.
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Membrane potential
The term "membrane potential" may refer to one of three kinds of membrane potential.
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Models of neural computation
Models of neural computation are attempts to elucidate, in an abstract and mathematical fashion, the core principles that underlie information processing in biological nervous systems, or functional components thereof.
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Motor control
Motor control is the systematic regulation of movement in organisms that possess a nervous system.
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Neocortex
The neocortex, also called the neopallium and isocortex, is the part of the mammalian brain involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning and language.
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Nervous system
The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
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Neural circuit
A neural circuit, is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated.
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Neuroglia
Neuroglia, also called glial cells or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system.
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Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
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Neuroscience
Neuroscience (or neurobiology) is the scientific study of the nervous system.
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Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
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NMDA receptor
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (also known as the NMDA receptor or NMDAR), is a glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells.
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Numenta
Numenta is a machine intelligence company that has developed a cohesive theory, core software, technology and applications based on the principles of the neocortex.
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Ohm's law
Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
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On Intelligence
On Intelligence: How a New Understanding of the Brain will Lead to the Creation of Truly Intelligent Machines is a 2004 book by Palm Pilot-inventor Jeff Hawkins with New York Times science writer Sandra Blakeslee.
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Parabolic bursting
A parabolic bursting neuron has the characteristic that the frequency of spikes increase and decrease through the burst.
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Perception
Perception (from the Latin perceptio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.
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Poisson point process
In probability, statistics and related fields, a Poisson point process or Poisson process (also called a Poisson random measure, Poisson random point field or Poisson point field) is a type of random mathematical object that consists of points randomly located on a mathematical space.
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Potassium
Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
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Pyramidal cell
Pyramidal cells, or (pyramidal neurons), are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala.
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Refractory period (physiology)
Refractoriness is the fundamental property of any object of autowave nature (especially excitable medium) not to respond on stimuli, if the object stays in the specific refractory state.
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Retina bipolar cell
As a part of the retina, bipolar cells exist between photoreceptors (rod cells and cone cells) and ganglion cells.
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Siemens (unit)
The siemens (symbol: S) is the derived unit of electric conductance, electric susceptance and electric admittance in the International System of Units (SI).
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Sigmoid function
A sigmoid function is a mathematical function having a characteristic "S"-shaped curve or sigmoid curve.
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Soliton model in neuroscience
The soliton hypothesis in neuroscience is a model that claims to explain how action potentials are initiated and conducted along axons based on a thermodynamic theory of nerve pulse propagation.
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Squid giant axon
The squid giant axon is the very large (up to 1 mm in diameter; typically around 0.5 mm) axon that controls part of the water jet propulsion system in squid.
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Stochastic
The word stochastic is an adjective in English that describes something that was randomly determined.
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Synaptic plasticity
In neuroscience, synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increases or decreases in their activity.
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Synaptic weight
In neuroscience and computer science, synaptic weight refers to the strength or amplitude of a connection between two nodes, corresponding in biology to the amount of influence the firing of one neuron has on another.
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Theta model
The theta model, or Ermentrout–Kopell canonical model, is a biological neuron model originally developed to model neurons in the animal Aplysia, and later used in various fields of computational neuroscience.
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Transfer function
In engineering, a transfer function (also known as system function or network function) of an electronic or control system component is a mathematical function giving the corresponding output value for each possible value of the input to the device.
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Visual prosthesis
A visual prosthesis, often referred to as a bionic eye, is an experimental visual device intended to restore functional vision in those suffering from partial or total blindness.
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Voltage
Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension (formally denoted or, but more often simply as V or U, for instance in the context of Ohm's or Kirchhoff's circuit laws) is the difference in electric potential between two points.
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Voltage spike
In electrical engineering, spikes are fast, short duration electrical transients in voltage (voltage spikes), current (current spikes), or transferred energy (energy spikes) in an electrical circuit.
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Biological neuron models, Integrate and fire, Integrate and fire model, Integrate-and-fire, Integrate-and-fire model, Neuron model, Spiking neuron model.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_neuron_model
