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68 relations: A. J. Ayer, Action (philosophy), Alexius Meinong, Alvin Goldman, Alvin Plantinga, Analysis (journal), Belief, Bertrand Russell, Binary opposition, Boston University, Brian Skyrms, Bundle theory, Carl Ginet, Catherine the Great, Certainty, Charles Sanders Peirce, Clarence Irving Lewis, Counterfactual conditional, Crispin Sartwell, Decision-making, Defeasibility, Disjunction introduction, Edmund Gettier, Epistemic minimalism, Epistemic modal logic, Epistemic modality, Epistemology, Evidence, Experimental philosophy, Externalism, Fallibilism, False premise, Fred Dretske, Gottlob Frege, If and only if, Interlocutor (linguistics), Internalism and externalism, Jaakko Hintikka, John L. Pollock, Keith Lehrer, Knowledge, Logical consequence, Martin Cohen (philosopher), Material conditional, Meno, Metaphysics, Naturalism (philosophy), Necessity and sufficiency, Pedant, Philosophy, ..., Plato, Potemkin village, Pragmatism, Reliabilism, Richard Kirkham, Robert A. Heinlein, Robert Nozick, Roderick Chisholm, Saul Kripke, Stephen Hicks, Stranger in a Strange Land, Theaetetus (dialogue), Theory of justification, Thought experiment, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Willard Van Orman Quine, William James, 101 Philosophy Problems. Expand index (18 more) »
A. J. Ayer
Sir Alfred Jules "Freddie" Ayer, FBA (29 October 1910 – 27 June 1989), usually cited as A. J. Ayer, was a British philosopher known for his promotion of logical positivism, particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) and The Problem of Knowledge (1956).
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Action (philosophy)
In philosophy, an action is something which is done by an agent.
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Alexius Meinong
Alexius Meinong Ritter von Handschuchsheim (17 July 1853 – 27 November 1920) was an Austrian philosopher, a realist known for his unique ontology.
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Alvin Goldman
Alvin Ira Goldman (born 1938) is an American philosopher who is Board of Governors Professor of Philosophy and Cognitive Science at Rutgers University in New Jersey and a leading figure in epistemology.
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Alvin Plantinga
Alvin Carl Plantinga (born November 15, 1932) is a prominent American analytic philosopher who works primarily in the fields of logic, justification, philosophy of religion, and epistemology.
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Analysis (journal)
Analysis is a peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy established in 1933 that is published quarterly by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Analysis Trust.
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Belief
Belief is the state of mind in which a person thinks something to be the case with or without there being empirical evidence to prove that something is the case with factual certainty.
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Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate.
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Binary opposition
A nebular opposition (also binary system) is a pair of related terms or concepts that are opposite in meaning.
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Boston University
Boston University (commonly referred to as BU) is a private, non-profit, research university in Boston, Massachusetts.
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Brian Skyrms
Brian Skyrms (born 1938) is a Distinguished Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science and Economics at the University of California, Irvine and a Professor of Philosophy at Stanford University.
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Bundle theory
Bundle theory, originated by the 18th century Scottish philosopher David Hume, is the ontological theory about objecthood in which an object consists only of a collection (bundle) of properties, relations or tropes.
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Carl Ginet
Carl Ginet (born 1932) is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus at Cornell University.
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Catherine the Great
Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Yekaterina Alekseyevna; –), also known as Catherine the Great (Екатери́на Вели́кая, Yekaterina Velikaya), born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, was Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796, the country's longest-ruling female leader.
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Certainty
Certainty is perfect knowledge that has total security from error, or the mental state of being without doubt.
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Charles Sanders Peirce
Charles Sanders Peirce ("purse"; 10 September 1839 – 19 April 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism".
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Clarence Irving Lewis
Clarence Irving Lewis (April 12, 1883 – February 3, 1964), usually cited as C. I. Lewis, was an American academic philosopher and the founder of conceptual pragmatism.
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Counterfactual conditional
A counterfactual conditional (abbreviated), is a conditional containing an if-clause which is contrary to fact.
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Crispin Sartwell
Crispin Gallagher Sartwell (born 1958) is an American philosopher, self-professed anarchist and journalist.
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Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several alternative possibilities.
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Defeasibility
Defeasibility is the property of something – such as a contract, a proposition or an understanding – that can be annulled, invalidated, or similarly "defeated".
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Disjunction introduction
Disjunction introduction or addition (also called or introduction) is a rule of inference of propositional logic and almost every other deduction system.
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Edmund Gettier
Edmund L. Gettier III (born October 31, 1927) is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
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Epistemic minimalism
Epistemic minimalism is the epistemological thesis that mere true belief is sufficient for knowledge.
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Epistemic modal logic
Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge.
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Epistemic modality
Epistemic modality is a sub-type of linguistic modality that deals with a speaker's evaluation/judgment of, degree of confidence in, or belief of the knowledge upon which a proposition is based.
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Epistemology
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.
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Evidence
Evidence, broadly construed, is anything presented in support of an assertion.
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Experimental philosophy
Experimental philosophy is an emerging field of philosophical inquiryEdmonds, David and Warburton, Nigel.
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Externalism
Externalism is a group of positions in the philosophy of mind which argues that the conscious mind is not only the result of what is going on inside the nervous system (or the brain), but also what occurs or exists outside the subject.
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Fallibilism
Broadly speaking, fallibilism (from Medieval Latin: fallibilis, "liable to err") is the philosophical claim that no belief can have justification which guarantees the truth of the belief.
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False premise
A false premise is an incorrect proposition that forms the basis of an argument or syllogism.
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Fred Dretske
Frederick Irwin "Fred" Dretske (December 9, 1932 – July 24, 2013) was an American philosopher noted for his contributions to epistemology and the philosophy of mind.
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Gottlob Frege
Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (8 November 1848 – 26 July 1925) was a German philosopher, logician, and mathematician.
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If and only if
In logic and related fields such as mathematics and philosophy, if and only if (shortened iff) is a biconditional logical connective between statements.
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Interlocutor (linguistics)
In linguistics, discourse analysis, and related fields, an interlocutor is a person involved in a conversation or dialogue.
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Internalism and externalism
Internalism and externalism are two opposing ways of explaining various subjects in several areas of philosophy.
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Jaakko Hintikka
Kaarlo Jaakko Juhani Hintikka (12 January 1929 – 12 August 2015) was a Finnish philosopher and logician.
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John L. Pollock
John L. Pollock (1940–2009) was an American philosopher known for influential work in epistemology, philosophical logic, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence.
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Keith Lehrer
Keith Lehrer (born January 10, 1936) is Regent's Professor emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Arizona and a Research Professor of Philosophy at the University of Miami in Florida, where he spends half of each academic year.
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Knowledge
Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness, or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning.
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Logical consequence
Logical consequence (also entailment) is a fundamental concept in logic, which describes the relationship between statements that hold true when one statement logically follows from one or more statements.
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Martin Cohen (philosopher)
Martin Cohen (born 1964) is a British philosopher, an editor and reviewer who writes on philosophy, philosophy of science and political philosophy.
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Material conditional
The material conditional (also known as material implication, material consequence, or simply implication, implies, or conditional) is a logical connective (or a binary operator) that is often symbolized by a forward arrow "→".
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Meno
Meno (Μένων) is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato.
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Metaphysics
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of being, existence, and reality.
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Naturalism (philosophy)
In philosophy, naturalism is the "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to supernatural or spiritual) laws and forces operate in the world." Adherents of naturalism (i.e., naturalists) assert that natural laws are the rules that govern the structure and behavior of the natural universe, that the changing universe at every stage is a product of these laws.
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Necessity and sufficiency
In logic, necessity and sufficiency are terms used to describe an implicational relationship between statements.
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Pedant
A pedant is a person who is excessively concerned with formalism, accuracy, and precision, or one who makes an ostentatious and arrogant show of learning.
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Philosophy
Philosophy (from Greek φιλοσοφία, philosophia, literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
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Plato
Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn, in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.
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Potemkin village
In politics and economics, a Potemkin village (also Potyomkin village, derived from the потёмкинские деревни, potyomkinskiye derevni) is any construction (literal or figurative) built solely to deceive others into thinking that a situation is better than it really is.
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Pragmatism
Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that began in the United States around 1870.
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Reliabilism
Reliabilism, a category of theories in the philosophical discipline of epistemology, has been advanced as a theory both of justification and of knowledge.
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Richard Kirkham
Richard Ladd Kirkham (born June 18, 1955) is an American philosopher.
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Robert A. Heinlein
Robert Anson Heinlein (See also the biography at the end of For Us, the Living, 2004 edition, p. 261. July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science-fiction writer.
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Robert Nozick
Robert Nozick (November 16, 1938 – January 23, 2002) was an American philosopher.
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Roderick Chisholm
Roderick Milton Chisholm (November 27, 1916 – January 19, 1999) was an American philosopher known for his work on epistemology, metaphysics, free will, value theory, and the philosophy of perception.
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Saul Kripke
Saul Aaron Kripke (born November 13, 1940) is an American philosopher and logician.
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Stephen Hicks
Stephen Ronald Craig Hicks (born August 19, 1960) is a Canadian-American philosopher.
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Stranger in a Strange Land
Stranger in a Strange Land is a 1961 science fiction novel by American author Robert A. Heinlein.
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Theaetetus (dialogue)
The Theaetetus (Θεαίτητος) is one of Plato's dialogues concerning the nature of knowledge, written circa 369 BC.
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Theory of justification
Theory of justification is a part of epistemology that attempts to understand the justification of propositions and beliefs.
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Thought experiment
A thought experiment (Gedankenexperiment, Gedanken-Experiment or Gedankenerfahrung) considers some hypothesis, theory, or principle for the purpose of thinking through its consequences.
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University of Massachusetts Amherst
The University of Massachusetts Amherst (abbreviated UMass Amherst and colloquially referred to as UMass or Massachusetts) is a public research and land-grant university in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States, and the flagship campus of the University of Massachusetts system.
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Willard Van Orman Quine
Willard Van Orman Quine (known to intimates as "Van"; June 25, 1908 – December 25, 2000) was an American philosopher and logician in the analytic tradition, recognized as "one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century." From 1930 until his death 70 years later, Quine was continually affiliated with Harvard University in one way or another, first as a student, then as a professor of philosophy and a teacher of logic and set theory, and finally as a professor emeritus who published or revised several books in retirement.
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William James
William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.
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101 Philosophy Problems
101 Philosophy Problems (1999) is a philosophy book for a general audiences by Martin Cohen published by Routledge.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettier_problem
