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463 relations: Acacia, Acer saccharum, Adiantum capillus-veneris, Aesculus hippocastanum, Agaricus bisporus, Age of Enlightenment, Agricultural cycle, Alain Tanner, Alder, Alexandre Guy Pingré, Alfalfa, Alkanna tinctoria, Almond, Althaea officinalis, Amaranth, Amaryllis, American Scientist, Anagallis, Anchusa, Ancien Régime, Ancient Greek, André Thouin, Anemone nemorosa, Angelica archangelica, Apocynaceae, Apple, Apricot, Aquilegia vulgaris, Armeria maritima, Arrhenatherum, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia vulgaris, Artichoke, Asarum, Asparagus, Asphalt, Atriplex, Aurinia saxatilis, Axe, École normale supérieure (Paris), Émile Zola, Baccharis halimifolia, Barley, Basil, Basket, Bean, Bee, Beehive, Beetroot, Bellis perennis, ..., Berberis, Bilberry, Billhook, Birch, Bissextus, Bitter orange, Blackberry, Bombyx mori, Borage, Broccoli, Brumaire, Buckwheat, Buxus, Calendar, Calendar of saints, Calendar reform, Calluna, Caper, Carlina vulgaris, Carp, Carrot, Cart, Castanea sativa, Cat, Catholic Church, Cattle, Cauliflower, Cedrus, Celery, Celine and Julie Go Boating, Centaurea cyanus, Cercis, Chamaerops, Chamois, Chamomile, Chard, Charles-François Dupuis, Chelidonium, Cherry, Chervil, Chestnut, Chicken, Chicory, Chili pepper, Chives, Clay, Clock, Clove, Clover, Coal, Cochlearia, Colchicum autumnale, Columbidae, Comfrey, Common fig, Common nightingale, Concordat of 1801, Conium, Coordinated Universal Time, Copper, Coriander, Cork (material), Cornus, Coronation of Napoleon I, Corylus maxima, Cotton, Couch grass, Coup d'état, Coup of 18 Brumaire, Crataegus, Crataegus azarolus, Crayfish, Cricket (insect), Cucumber, Cumin, Cupressus sempervirens, Cyclamen, Daphne cneorum, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Daylily, Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution, Decimal time, Decimalisation, Dianthus caryophyllus, Dibber, Dick Giordano, Dipsacus, Doctrine of Labyrinths, Dog, Donkey, Doronicum, Duck, Eggplant, Elm, Endive, Epoch (reference date), Equisetum, Eruca sativa, Erysimum, Euonymus, Fabre d'Églantine, Fagus sylvatica, Fennel, Fern, Ferrous metallurgy, Fir, Flail, Flax, Flint, Floréal, Floréal-class frigate, Fomes fomentarius, Fraxinus, French coup d'état of 1851, French First Republic, French Revolution, Frimaire, Fritillaria, Fromental Halévy, Fructidor, Fruit press, Fumaria officinalis, Galanthus, Galium album, Garlic, Gaspard Monge, Gentiana, Germinal (French Republican Calendar), Germinal (novel), Gilbert Romme, Glasswort, Goat, Goldenrod, Goose, Granite, Grape, Greek language, Gregorian calendar, Guillotine, Guineafowl, Gypsum, Hare, Harrow (tool), Hatchery, Hazel, Hazelnut, Hedera, Helianthus, Helichrysum arenarium, Heliotropium, Hellebore, Hemp, Hoe (tool), Honey, Honeysuckle, Hornbeam, Horse, Horseradish, Humulus lupulus, Hyacinth (plant), Impatiens, Inula, Isatis tinctoria, ΔT, Jacobin, Jacques Rivette, James Guillaume, Jardin des plantes, Jasmine, Jérôme Lalande, Jean Joseph Mounier, Jerusalem artichoke, Johann Heinrich von Mädler, Joseph Stalin, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Juniperus communis, Juniperus sabina, Karen Berger, Karl Marx, Knife, Ladder, Larch, Lathyrus, Lathyrus tuberosus, Latin, Laurus nobilis, Lava, Lavandula, Lead, Leap year, Lemon, Lemon balm, Lentil, Leon Trotsky, Lettuce, Liavek, Lichen, Lilium martagon, Lily of the valley, Limestone, Liquorice, Lobster Thermidor, Lock (water navigation), Lolium, Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, Lupinus, Maize, Mandragora officinarum, Manure, Marble, Marl, Marxism, Matthiola, Maximilien Robespierre, Mentha, Mercury (element), Merriam-Webster, Mespilus germanica, Messidor, Messidor (film), Metric system, Metrication, Metropolitan France, Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély, Millet, Mirabilis jalapa, Morchella, Moss, Mule, Muskmelon, Mustard plant, Myrtus, Napoleon, Napoleon III, Narcissus (plant), National Convention, National Museum of Natural History (France), Neil Gaiman, Neologism, Nivôse, Oat, Olive, Olympiad, Onion, Onobrychis, Orange (fruit), Otter, Overseas France, Panicum virgatum, Pansy, Papaver rhoeas, Paris Commune, Paris Observatory, Park, Parsley, Parsnip, Pea, Peach, Pear, Peat, Peony, Pheasant, Phragmites, Phyteuma, Pickaxe, Pig, Pine nut, Pistachio, Pitchfork, Platanus, Plough, Plum, Plumbaginaceae, Pluviôse, Polianthes tuberosa, Polygonum aviculare, Pomegranate, Populus, Potassium nitrate, Potato, Prairial, Primula vulgaris, Privet, Puffball, Pulmonaria, Pumpkin, Quail, Quercus robur, Quince, Rabbit, Radish, Rake (tool), Rapeseed, Rapporteur, Redcurrant, Reseda (plant), Rhamnus (genus), Rhamnus alaternus, Rhubarb, Roe deer, Roller (agricultural tool), Romaine lettuce, Roman numerals, Roman Republic, Rosa canina, Rose, Rosemary, Rubia, Ruscus aculeatus, Rye, Safflower, Saffron, Saint, Salix caprea, Salmon, Salt, Salvia officinalis, Sambucus, Sandstone, Sanguisorba minor, Sans-culottes, Sansculottides, Sarah Monette, Scorzonera hispanica, Scotland, Scythe, September equinox, Shallot, Shawm, Sheep, Shepherd's crook, Shovel, Sickle, Sieve, Sisymbrium officinale, Sium sisarum, Slate, Sled, Solar Hijri calendar, Solar time, Sorbus domestica, Sorbus torminalis, Sorghum, Sorrel, Soviet calendar, Spade, Spelt, Spinach, Stachys officinalis, Stan Woch, Storage tank, Strawberry, Sulfur, Sylvain Maréchal, Syringa vulgaris, Tagetes, Taraxacum, Taxus baccata, Tench, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon, The French Revolution: A History, The Mountain, The Sandman (Vertigo), Thermidor, Thermidor (play), Thermidorian Reaction, Thlaspi arvense, Thomas Carlyle, Thyme, Thymus serpyllum, Tilia cordata, Tin, Tobacco, Todd Klein, Tomato, Topsoil, Tragopogon porrifolius, Tropical year, Trout, Truffle, Tulip, Tuna, Turkey (bird), Turnip, Tussilago, Twine, Ulex, Unix time, Valerian (herb), Valerianella locusta, Vendémiaire, Ventôse, Verbascum thapsus, Verbena officinalis, Veronica (plant), Vertigo (DC Comics), Viburnum tinus, Vicia sativa, Vinca, Viola (plant), Walnut, Water caltrop, Watercress, Watering can, Watermelon, Wax, Wheat, Windmill, Winnowing, Winter squash, World Calendar, Zinc. Expand index (413 more) »
Acacia
Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Acer saccharum
Acer saccharum, the sugar maple or rock maple, is a species of maple native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada, from Nova Scotia west through Quebec and southern Ontario to southeastern Manitoba around Lake of the Woods, and the northern parts of the Central and Eastern United States, from Minnesota eastward to the highlands of the eastern states.
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Adiantum capillus-veneris
Adiantum capillus-veneris, the Southern maidenhair fern, black maidenhair fern, maidenhair fern, and venus hair fern, is a species of ferns in the genus Adiantum and the family Pteridaceae with a subcosmopolitan worldwide distribution.
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Aesculus hippocastanum
Aesculus hippocastanum is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.
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Agaricus bisporus
Agaricus bisporus is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America.
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Age of Enlightenment
The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".
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Agricultural cycle
The agricultural cycle is the annual cycle of activities related to the growth and harvest of a crop.
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Alain Tanner
Alain Tanner (born 6 December 1929) is a Swiss film director.
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Alder
Alder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants (Alnus) belonging to the birch family Betulaceae.
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Alexandre Guy Pingré
Dom Alexandre Guy Pingré, C.R.S.A. (11 September 1711 – 1 May 1796) was a French canon regular, astronomer and naval geographer.
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Alfalfa
Alfalfa, Medicago sativa also called lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.
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Alkanna tinctoria
Alkanna tinctoria, the dyer's alkanet or alkanet, is a herb in the borage family.
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Almond
The almond (Prunus dulcis, syn. Prunus amygdalus) is a species of tree native to Mediterranean climate regions of the Middle East, from Syria and Turkey to India and Pakistan, although it has been introduced elsewhere.
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Althaea officinalis
Althaea officinalis (marsh-mallow, marsh mallow (خطمی، ختمی, ختمية الطبية، خبيز), or common marshmallow) is a perennial species indigenous to Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, which is used as a medicinal plant and ornamental plant.
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Amaranth
Amaranthus, collectively known as amaranth, is a cosmopolitan genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants.
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Amaryllis
Amaryllis is the only genus in the subtribe Amaryllidinae (tribe Amaryllideae).
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American Scientist
American Scientist (informally abbreviated AmSci) is an American bimonthly science and technology magazine published since 1913 by Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society.
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Anagallis
Anagallis is a genus of about 20–25 species of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae, commonly called pimpernel and perhaps best known for the scarlet pimpernel referred to in literature.
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Anchusa
The genus Anchusa belongs to the tribe Boragineae of the borage family (Boraginaceae).
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Ancien Régime
The Ancien Régime (French for "old regime") was the political and social system of the Kingdom of France from the Late Middle Ages (circa 15th century) until 1789, when hereditary monarchy and the feudal system of French nobility were abolished by the.
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Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
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André Thouin
André Thouin (10 February 1746 – 24 October 1824) was a French botanist born in Paris.
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Anemone nemorosa
Anemone nemorosa is an early-spring flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to Europe.
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Angelica archangelica
Angelica archangelica, commonly known as garden angelica, wild celery, and Norwegian angelica, is a biennial plant from the Apiaceae family, a subspecies of which is cultivated for its sweetly scented edible stems and roots.
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Apocynaceae
Apocynaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, (Greek for "away from dog" since some taxa were used as dog poison).
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Apple
An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus pumila).
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Apricot
An apricot is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus (stone fruits).
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Aquilegia vulgaris
Aquilegia vulgaris (European columbine, common columbine, granny's nightcap, granny's bonnet) is a species of columbine native to Europe.
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Armeria maritima
Armeria maritima, commonly known as thrift, sea thrift or sea pink, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae.
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Arrhenatherum
Arrhenatherum, commonly called oatgrass or button-grass, is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in grass family.
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Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium (absinthe, absinthium, absinthe wormwood, grand wormwood, wormwood) is a species of Artemisia native to temperate regions of Eurasia and Northern Africa and widely naturalized in Canada and the northern United States.
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Artemisia vulgaris
Artemisia vulgaris (common mugwort or common wormwood) is one of several species in the genus Artemisia commonly known as mugwort, although Artemisia vulgaris is the species most often called mugwort.
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Artichoke
The globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus)Rottenberg, A., and D. Zohary, 1996: "The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke." Genet.
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Asarum
Asarum is a genus of plants in the birthwort family Aristolochiaceae, commonly known as wild ginger.
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Asparagus
Asparagus, or garden asparagus, folk name sparrow grass, scientific name Asparagus officinalis, is a spring vegetable, a flowering perennial plant species in the genus Asparagus.
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Asphalt
Asphalt, also known as bitumen, is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum.
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Atriplex
Atriplex is a plant genus of 250–300 species, known by the common names of saltbush and orache (or orach).
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Aurinia saxatilis
Aurinia saxatilis (syns Alyssum saxatile, Alyssum saxatile var. compactum) is an ornamental plant native to Asia and Europe.
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Axe
An axe (British English or ax (American English; see spelling differences) is an implement that has been used for millennia to shape, split and cut wood; to harvest timber; as a weapon; and as a ceremonial or heraldic symbol. The axe has many forms and specialised uses but generally consists of an axe head with a handle, or helve. Before the modern axe, the stone-age hand axe was used from 1.5 million years BP without a handle. It was later fastened to a wooden handle. The earliest examples of handled axes have heads of stone with some form of wooden handle attached (hafted) in a method to suit the available materials and use. Axes made of copper, bronze, iron and steel appeared as these technologies developed. Axes are usually composed of a head and a handle. The axe is an example of a simple machine, as it is a type of wedge, or dual inclined plane. This reduces the effort needed by the wood chopper. It splits the wood into two parts by the pressure concentration at the blade. The handle of the axe also acts as a lever allowing the user to increase the force at the cutting edge—not using the full length of the handle is known as choking the axe. For fine chopping using a side axe this sometimes is a positive effect, but for felling with a double bitted axe it reduces efficiency. Generally, cutting axes have a shallow wedge angle, whereas splitting axes have a deeper angle. Most axes are double bevelled, i.e. symmetrical about the axis of the blade, but some specialist broadaxes have a single bevel blade, and usually an offset handle that allows them to be used for finishing work without putting the user's knuckles at risk of injury. Less common today, they were once an integral part of a joiner and carpenter's tool kit, not just a tool for use in forestry. A tool of similar origin is the billhook. However, in France and Holland, the billhook often replaced the axe as a joiner's bench tool. Most modern axes have steel heads and wooden handles, typically hickory in the US and ash in Europe and Asia, although plastic or fibreglass handles are also common. Modern axes are specialised by use, size and form. Hafted axes with short handles designed for use with one hand are often called hand axes but the term hand axe refers to axes without handles as well. Hatchets tend to be small hafted axes often with a hammer on the back side (the poll). As easy-to-make weapons, axes have frequently been used in combat.
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École normale supérieure (Paris)
The École normale supérieure (also known as Normale sup', Ulm, ENS Paris, l'École and most often just as ENS) is one of the most selective and prestigious French grandes écoles (higher education establishment outside the framework of the public university system) and a constituent college of Université PSL.
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Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a French novelist, playwright, journalist, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism.
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Baccharis halimifolia
Baccharis halimifolia is a North American species of shrubs in the daisy family.
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Barley
Barley (Hordeum vulgare), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally.
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Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum), also called great basil or Saint-Joseph's-wort, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints).
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Basket
A basket is a container which is traditionally constructed from stiff fibers, which can be made from a range of materials, including wood splints, runners, and cane.
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Bean
A bean is a seed of one of several genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae, which are used for human or animal food.
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Bee
Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.
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Beehive
A beehive is an enclosed structure man-made in which some honey bee species of the subgenus Apis live and raise their young.
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Beetroot
The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.
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Bellis perennis
Bellis perennis is a common European species of daisy, of the Asteraceae family, often considered the archetypal species of that name.
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Berberis
Berberis, commonly known as barberry, is a large genus of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from tall, found throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world (apart from Australia).
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Bilberry
Bilberries are any of several primarily Eurasian species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae), bearing edible, nearly black berries.
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Billhook
The billhook is a traditional cutting tool used widely in agriculture and forestry for cutting smaller woody material such as shrubs and branches and is distinct from the sickle.
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Birch
A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.
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Bissextus
Bissext, or bissextus (Lat. bis, twice; sextus, sixth) is the day which is added to the Gregorian calendar every fourth year (except those evenly divisible by 100, unless they are divisible by 400) to compensate for the six-hour difference in length between the common 365-day year and the actual length of the solar year.
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Bitter orange
Bitter orange, Seville orange, sour orange, bigarade orange, or marmalade orange refers to a citrus tree (Citrus × aurantium) and its fruit.
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Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus Rubus, and hybrids between the subgenera Rubus and Idaeobatus.
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Bombyx mori
The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar or imago of the domestic silkmoth, Bombyx mori (Latin: "silkworm of the mulberry tree").
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Borage
Borage (Borago officinalis), also known as a starflower, is an annual herb in the flowering plant family Boraginaceae.
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Broccoli
Broccoli is an edible green plant in the cabbage family whose large flowering head is eaten as a vegetable.
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Brumaire
Brumaire was the second month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Buckwheat
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), also known as common buckwheat, Japanese buckwheat and silverhull buckwheat, is a plant cultivated for its grain-like seeds and as a cover crop.
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Buxus
Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae.
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Calendar
A calendar is a system of organizing days for social, religious, commercial or administrative purposes.
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Calendar of saints
The calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the day as the feast day or feast of said saint.
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Calendar reform
Calendar reform, properly calendrical reform, is any significant revision of a calendar system.
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Calluna
Calluna vulgaris (known as common heather, ling, or simply heather) is the sole species in the genus Calluna in the flowering plant family Ericaceae.
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Caper
Capparis spinosa, the caper bush, also called Flinders rose, is a perennial plant that bears rounded, fleshy leaves and large white to pinkish-white flowers.
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Carlina vulgaris
Carlina vulgaris, the carline thistle, is a plant species of the genus Carlina.
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Carp
Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia.
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Carrot
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist.
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Cart
A cart is a vehicle designed for transport, using two wheels and normally pulled by one or a pair of draught animals.
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Castanea sativa
Castanea sativa, or sweet chestnut, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fagaceae, native to Southern Europe and Asia Minor, and widely cultivated throughout the temperate world.
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Cat
The domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus or Felis catus) is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Cattle
Cattle—colloquially cows—are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates.
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Cauliflower
Cauliflower is one of several vegetables in the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica, which is in the family Brassicaceae.
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Cedrus
Cedrus (common English name cedar) is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae (subfamily Abietoideae).
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Celery
Celery (Apium graveolens) is a marshland plant in the family Apiaceae that has been cultivated as a vegetable since antiquity.
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Celine and Julie Go Boating
Céline and Julie Go Boating (Céline et Julie vont en bateau) is a 1974 French film directed by Jacques Rivette.
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Centaurea cyanus
Centaurea cyanus, commonly known as cornflower or bachelor's button, is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe.
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Cercis
Cercis, is a genus of about 10 species in the subfamily Cercidoideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to warm temperate regions.
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Chamaerops
Chamaerops is a genus of flowering plants in the palm family Arecaceae.
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Chamois
The chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is a species of goat-antelope native to mountains in Europe, including the European Alps, the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, the Tatra Mountains, the Balkans, parts of Turkey, the Caucasus, and the Apennines.
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Chamomile
Chamomile (American English) or camomile (British English; see spelling differences) is the common name for several daisy-like plants of the family Asteraceae.
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Chard
Chard or Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Cicla-Group and Flavescens-Group) is a green leafy vegetable that can be used in Mediterranean cooking.
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Charles-François Dupuis
Charles François Dupuis (26 October 174229 September 1809) was a French savant, a professor (from 1766) of rhetoric at the Collège de Lisieux, Paris, who studied for the law in his spare time and was received as avocat in 1770.
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Chelidonium
Chelidonium majus, (commonly known as greater celandine or tetterwort, (although tetterwort also refers to Sanguinaria canadensis), nipplewort, or swallowwort) is a herbaceous perennial plant, one of two species in the genus Chelidonium.
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Cherry
A cherry is the fruit of many plants of the genus Prunus, and is a fleshy drupe (stone fruit).
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Chervil
Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), sometimes called French parsley or garden chervil (to distinguish it from similar plants also called chervil), is a delicate annual herb related to parsley.
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Chestnut
The chestnut (Castanea) group is a genus of eight or nine species of deciduous trees and shrubs in the beech family Fagaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
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Chicken
The chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl.
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Chicory
Common chicory, Cichorium intybus, is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the dandelion family Asteraceae, usually with bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink.
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Chili pepper
The chili pepper (also chile pepper, chilli pepper, or simply chilli) from Nahuatl chīlli) is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. They are widely used in many cuisines to add spiciness to dishes. The substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin and related compounds known as capsaicinoids. Chili peppers originated in Mexico. After the Columbian Exchange, many cultivars of chili pepper spread across the world, used for both food and traditional medicine. Worldwide in 2014, 32.3 million tonnes of green chili peppers and 3.8 million tonnes of dried chili peppers were produced. China is the world's largest producer of green chillies, providing half of the global total.
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Chives
Chives, scientific name Allium schoenoprasum, is an edible species of the genus Allium.
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Clay
Clay is a finely-grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with possible traces of quartz (SiO2), metal oxides (Al2O3, MgO etc.) and organic matter.
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Clock
A clock is an instrument to measure, keep, and indicate time.
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Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum.
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Clover
Clover or trefoil are common names for plants of the genus Trifolium (Latin, tres "three" + folium "leaf"), consisting of about 300 species of plants in the leguminous pea family Fabaceae.
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Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
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Cochlearia
Scurvy-grass (Cochlearia species; also called spoonwort) is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial herbs in the cabbage family Brassicaceae.
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Colchicum autumnale
Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron or naked ladies, is an autumn-blooming flowering plant that resembles the true crocuses, but is a member of the Colchicaceae plant family, unlike the true crocuses which belong to the Iridaceae family.
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Columbidae
Pigeons and doves constitute the animal family Columbidae and the order Columbiformes, which includes about 42 genera and 310 species.
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Comfrey
Comfrey (also comphrey) is a common name for plants in the genus Symphytum.
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Common fig
Ficus carica is an Asian species of flowering plant in the mulberry family, known as the common fig (or just the fig).
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Common nightingale
The common nightingale or simply nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos), also known as rufous nightingale, is a small passerine bird best known for its powerful and beautiful song.
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Concordat of 1801
The Concordat of 1801 was an agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, signed on 15 July 1801 in Paris.
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Conium
Conium is a genus of flowering plants in the carrot family Apiaceae which consists of four species accepted by The Plant List.
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Coordinated Universal Time
No description.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Coriander
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), also known as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae.
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Cork (material)
Cork is an impermeable buoyant material, the phellem layer of bark tissue that is harvested for commercial use primarily from Quercus suber (the cork oak), which is endemic to southwest Europe and northwest Africa.
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Cornus
Cornus is a genus of about 30–60 species of woody plants in the family Cornaceae, commonly known as dogwoods, which can generally be distinguished by their blossoms, berries, and distinctive bark.
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Coronation of Napoleon I
The coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French took place on Sunday December 2, 1804 (11 Frimaire, Year XIII according to the French Republican Calendar) at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris.
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Corylus maxima
Corylus maxima, the filbert, is a species of hazel native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, from the Balkans to Ordu in Turkey.
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Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
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Couch grass
Couch grass, as a vernacular common name, may refer to.
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Coup d'état
A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.
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Coup of 18 Brumaire
The Coup of 18 Brumaire brought General Napoleon Bonaparte to power as First Consul of France and in the view of most historians ended the French Revolution.
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Crataegus
Crataegus (from the Greek kratos "strength" and akis "sharp", referring to the thorns of some species) commonly called hawthorn, thornapple,Voss, E. G. 1985.
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Crataegus azarolus
Crataegus azarolus is a species of hawthorn known by the common names azarole, azerole, and Mediterranean medlar.
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Crayfish
Crayfish, also known as crawfish, crawdads, crawldads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, mudbugs or yabbies, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related; taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea.
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Cricket (insect)
Crickets (also known as "true crickets"), of the family Gryllidae, are insects related to bush crickets, and, more distantly, to grasshoppers.
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Cucumber
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.
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Cumin
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to a territory including Middle East and stretching east to India.
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Cupressus sempervirens
Cupressus sempervirens, the Mediterranean cypress (also known as Italian cypress, Tuscan cypress, Persian cypress, or pencil pine), is a species of cypress native to the eastern Mediterranean region, in northeast Libya, southern Albania, southern coastal Croatia (Dalmatia), southern Montenegro, southern Greece, southern Turkey, Cyprus, northern Egypt, western Syria, Lebanon, Malta, Italy, Israel, western Jordan, and also a disjunct population in Iran.
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Cyclamen
Cyclamen is a genus of 23 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Primulaceae.
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Daphne cneorum
Daphne cneorum (garland flower or rose daphne), is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe.
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Daphne laureola
Daphne laureola, commonly called spurge-laurel (or daphne-laurel, laurel-leaved daphne, olive-spurge, wood laurel, copse laurel), is a shrub in the flowering plant family Thymelaeaceae.
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Daphne mezereum
Daphne mezereum, commonly known as February daphne, mezereon, mezereum, spurge laurel or spurge olive, is a species of Daphne in the flowering plant family Thymelaeaceae, native to most of Europe and Western Asia, north to northern Scandinavia and Russia.
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Daylily
A daylily is a flowering plant in the genus Hemerocallis.
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Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
The dechristianization of France during the French Revolution is a conventional description of the results of a number of separate policies conducted by various governments of France between the start of the French Revolution in 1789 and the Concordat of 1801, forming the basis of the later and less radical laïcité policies.
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Decimal time
Decimal time is the representation of the time of day using units which are decimally related.
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Decimalisation
Decimalisation is the process of converting a currency from its previous non-decimal denominations to a decimal system (i.e., a system based on one basic unit of currency and one or more sub-units, such that the number of sub-units in one basic unit is a power of 10, most commonly 100).
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Dianthus caryophyllus
Dianthus caryophyllus, the carnation or clove pink, is a species of Dianthus.
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Dibber
A dibber or dibble or dibbler is a pointed wooden stick for making holes in the ground so that seeds, seedlings or small bulbs can be planted.
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Dick Giordano
Richard Joseph "Dick" Giordano (July 20, 1932 – March 27, 2010) was an American comics artist and editor whose career included introducing Charlton Comics' "Action Heroes" stable of superheroes and serving as executive editor of DC Comics.
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Dipsacus
Dipsacus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae.
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Doctrine of Labyrinths
The Doctrine of Labyrinths is a series of fantasy novels by Sarah Monette.
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Dog
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris when considered a subspecies of the gray wolf or Canis familiaris when considered a distinct species) is a member of the genus Canis (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.
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Donkey
The donkey or ass (Equus africanus asinus) is a domesticated member of the horse family, Equidae.
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Doronicum
Doronicum is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, known as leopard's-banes.
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Duck
Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the waterfowl family Anatidae, which also includes swans and geese.
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Eggplant
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) or aubergine is a species of nightshade grown for its edible fruit.
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Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae.
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Endive
Endive is a leaf vegetable belonging to the genus Cichorium, which includes several similar bitter leafed vegetables.
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Epoch (reference date)
In the fields of chronology and periodization, an epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular era.
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Equisetum
Equisetum (horsetail, snake grass, puzzlegrass) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
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Eruca sativa
Arugula or rocket (Eruca sativa; syns. E. vesicaria subsp. sativa (Miller) Thell., Brassica eruca L.) is an edible annual plant in the Brassicaceae family used as a leaf vegetable for its fresh peppery flavor.
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Erysimum
Erysimum (wallflower) is a genus of flowering plants that includes about 180 species of popular garden plants and many wild forms in the botanical family Brassicaceae.
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Euonymus
Euonymus is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family, Celastraceae.
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Fabre d'Églantine
Philippe François Nazaire Fabre d'Églantine (28 July 1750 – 5 April 1794), commonly known as Fabre d'Églantine, was a French actor, dramatist, poet, and politician of the French Revolution.
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Fagus sylvatica
Fagus sylvatica, the European beech or common beech, is a deciduous tree belonging to the beech family Fagaceae.
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Fennel
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species in the carrot family.
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Fern
A fern is a member of a group of vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
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Ferrous metallurgy
Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys.
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Fir
Firs (Abies) are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae.
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Flail
A flail is an agricultural tool used for threshing, the process of separating grains from their husks.
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Flax
Flax (Linum usitatissimum), also known as common flax or linseed, is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae.
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Flint
Flint is a hard, sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as a variety of chert.
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Floréal
Floréal was the eighth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Floréal-class frigate
The Floréal class is a type of light "surveillance frigates" designed for the needs of the French Navy after the end of the Cold War, ordered in 1989.
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Fomes fomentarius
Fomes fomentarius (commonly known as the tinder fungus, false tinder fungus, hoof fungus, tinder conk, tinder polypore or ice man fungus) is a species of fungal plant pathogen found in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. The species produces very large polypore fruit bodies which are shaped like a horse's hoof and vary in colour from a silvery grey to almost black, though they are normally brown. It grows on the side of various species of tree, which it infects through broken bark, causing rot. The species typically continues to live on trees long after they have died, changing from a parasite to a decomposer. Though inedible, F. fomentarius has traditionally seen use as the main ingredient of amadou, a material used primarily as tinder, but also used to make clothing and other items. The 5,000-year-old Ötzi the Iceman carried four pieces of F. fomentarius, concluded to be for use as tinder. It also has medicinal and other uses. The species is both a pest and useful in timber production.
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Fraxinus
Fraxinus, English name ash, is a genus of flowering plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae.
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French coup d'état of 1851
The French coup d'état of 2 December 1851 was a self-coup staged by Prince Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (at the time President of the French Second Republic).
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French First Republic
In the history of France, the First Republic (French: Première République), officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 22 September 1792 during the French Revolution.
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French Revolution
The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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Frimaire
Frimaire was the third month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Fritillaria
Fritillaria (fritillaries) is a genus of spring flowering herbaceous bulbous perennial plants in the lily family (Liliaceae).
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Fromental Halévy
Jacques-François-Fromental-Élie Halévy, usually known as Fromental Halévy (27 May 179917 March 1862), was a French composer.
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Fructidor
Fructidor is the twelfth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Fruit press
A fruit press is a device used to separate fruit solids - stems, skins, seeds, pulp, leaves, and detritus - from fruit juice.
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Fumaria officinalis
Fumaria officinalis, the common fumitory, drug fumitory or earth smoke, is a herbaceous annual flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae It is the most common species of the genus Fumaria in Western and Central Europe.
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Galanthus
Galanthus (snowdrop; Greek gála "milk", ánthos "flower") is a small genus of about 20 species of bulbous perennial herbaceous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae.
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Galium album
Galium album, the white bedstraw or hedge bedstraw, is a herbaceous annual plant of the family Rubiaceae.
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Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, Allium.
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Gaspard Monge
Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse (9 May 1746 – 28 July 1818) was a French mathematician, the inventor of descriptive geometry (the mathematical basis of technical drawing), and the father of differential geometry.
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Gentiana
Gentiana is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Gentianeae, and the monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae.
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Germinal (French Republican Calendar)
Germinal was the seventh month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Germinal (novel)
Germinal is the thirteenth novel in Émile Zola's twenty-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart.
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Gilbert Romme
Gilbert Romme (26 March 1750 – 17 June 1795) was a French politician and mathematician who developed the French Republican Calendar.
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Glasswort
The common name glasswort came into use in the 16th century to describe plants growing in England whose ashes could be used for making soda-based (as opposed to potash-based) glass.
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Goat
The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe.
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Goldenrod
Solidago, commonly called goldenrods, is a genus of about 100 to 120 Flora of China.
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Goose
Geese are waterfowl of the family Anatidae.
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Granite
Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture.
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Grape
A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus Vitis.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world.
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Guillotine
A guillotine is an apparatus designed for efficiently carrying out executions by beheading.
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Guineafowl
Guineafowl (sometimes called "pet speckled hen", or "original fowl" or guineahen) are birds of the family Numididae in the order Galliformes.
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Gypsum
Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O.
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Hare
Hares and jackrabbits are leporids belonging to the genus Lepus.
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Harrow (tool)
In agriculture, a harrow (often called a set of harrows in a plurale tantum sense) is an implement for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the soil.
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Hatchery
A hatchery is a facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions, especially those of fish or poultry.
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Hazel
The hazel (Corylus) is a genus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere.
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Hazelnut
The hazelnut is the nut of the hazel and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana.
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Hedera
Hedera, commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to western, central and southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan and Taiwan.
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Helianthus
Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plants comprising about 70 species Flora of North America.
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Helichrysum arenarium
Helichrysum arenarium is also known as dwarf everlast, and as immortelle.
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Heliotropium
Heliotropium is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae.
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Hellebore
Commonly known as hellebores, the Eurasian genus Helleborus consists of approximately 20 species of herbaceous or evergreen perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, within which it gave its name to the tribe of Helleboreae.
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Hemp
Hemp, or industrial hemp (from Old English hænep), typically found in the northern hemisphere, is a variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for the industrial uses of its derived products.
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Hoe (tool)
A hoe is an ancient and versatile agricultural and horticultural hand tool used to shape soil, remove weeds, clear soil, and harvest root crops.
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Honey
Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance produced by bees and some related insects.
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Honeysuckle
Honeysuckles (Lonicera,; syn. Caprifolium Mill.) are arching shrubs or twining vines in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere.
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Hornbeam
Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus Carpinus in the birch family Betulaceae.
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Horse
The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''.
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Horseradish
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, syn. Cochlearia armoracia) is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli, and cabbage).
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Humulus lupulus
Humulus lupulus (common hop or hops) is a species of flowering plant in the Cannabaceae family, native to Europe, western Asia and North America.
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Hyacinth (plant)
Hyacinthus is a small genus of bulbous, fragrant flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae.
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Impatiens
Impatiens is a genus of about 850 to 1,000 species of flowering plants, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics.
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Inula
Inula is a large genus of about 90 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe, Asia and Africa.
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Isatis tinctoria
Isatis tinctoria, also called woad, dyer's woad, or glastum, is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae.
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ΔT
In precise timekeeping, ΔT (Delta T, delta-T, deltaT, or DT) is the time difference obtained by subtracting Universal Time (UT) from Terrestrial Time (TT):.
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Jacobin
The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (Société des amis de la Constitution), after 1792 renamed Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité), commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or simply the Jacobins, was the most influential political club during the French Revolution.
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Jacques Rivette
Jacques Rivette (1 March 1928 – 29 January 2016) was a French film director and film critic most commonly associated with the French New Wave and the film magazine Cahiers du Cinéma.
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James Guillaume
James Guillaume (February 16, 1844, London – November 20, 1916, Paris) was a leading member of the Jura federation, the anarchist wing of the First International.
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Jardin des plantes
The Jardin des plantes (French for 'Garden of the Plants'), also known as the jardin des plantes de Paris when distinguished from other jardins des plantes in other cities, is the main botanical garden in France.
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Jasmine
Jasmine (taxonomic name Jasminum) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family (Oleaceae).
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Jérôme Lalande
Joseph Jérôme Lefrançois de Lalande (11 July 1732 – 4 April 1807) was a French astronomer, freemason and writer.
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Jean Joseph Mounier
Jean Joseph Mounier (12 November 1758 – 28 January 1806) was a French politician and judge.
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Jerusalem artichoke
The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), also called sunroot, sunchoke, earth apple, or topinambour, is a species of sunflower native to eastern North America, and found from eastern Canada and Maine west to North Dakota, and south to northern Florida and Texas.
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Johann Heinrich von Mädler
Johann Heinrich von Mädler (May 29, 1794, Berlin – March 14, 1874, Hannover) was a German astronomer.
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Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian nationality.
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Joseph-Louis Lagrange
Joseph-Louis Lagrange (or;; born Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia, Encyclopædia Britannica or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier, Turin, 25 January 1736 – Paris, 10 April 1813; also reported as Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange or Lagrangia) was an Italian Enlightenment Era mathematician and astronomer.
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Juniperus communis
Juniperus communis, the common juniper, is a species of conifer in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae.
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Juniperus sabina
Juniperus sabina, the savin juniper or savin, is a species of juniper native to the mountains of central and southern Europe and western and central Asia, from Spain to eastern Siberia, typically growing at altitudes of 1,000-3,300 m ASL.
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Karen Berger
Karen Berger (born February 26, 1958) is an American comic book editor.
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Karl Marx
Karl MarxThe name "Karl Heinrich Marx", used in various lexicons, is based on an error.
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Knife
A knife (plural knives) is a tool with a cutting edge or blade, hand-held or otherwise, with most having a handle.
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Ladder
A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs or steps.
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Larch
Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, of the family Pinaceae (subfamily Laricoideae).
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Lathyrus
Lathyrus (commonly known as peavines or vetchlings) is a genus in the legume family Fabaceae and contains approximately 160 species.
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Lathyrus tuberosus
Lathyrus tuberosus, also known as the tuberous pea, tuberous vetchling, earthnut pea, aardaker or tine-tare, is a small, climbing perennial plant, native in moist temperate parts of Europe and Western Asia.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis is an aromatic evergreen tree or large shrub with green, glabrous (smooth and hairless) leaves, in the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
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Lava
Lava is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption, usually at temperatures from.
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Lavandula
Lavandula (common name lavender) is a genus of 47 known species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae.
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Leap year
A leap year (also known as an intercalary year or bissextile year) is a calendar year containing one additional day (or, in the case of lunisolar calendars, a month) added to keep the calendar year synchronized with the astronomical or seasonal year.
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Lemon
The lemon, Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia.
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Lemon balm
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), balm, common balm, or balm mint, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and native to south-central Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, Iran, and Central Asia, but now naturalized in the Americas and elsewhere.
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Lentil
The lentil (Lens culinaris or Lens esculenta) is an edible pulse.
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Leon Trotsky
Leon Trotsky (born Lev Davidovich Bronstein; – 21 August 1940) was a Russian revolutionary, theorist, and Soviet politician.
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Lettuce
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.
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Liavek
Liavek is a series of five fantasy anthologies edited by Emma Bull and Will Shetterly set in a shared world.
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Lichen
A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi in a symbiotic relationship.
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Lilium martagon
Lilium martagon (martagon lily or Turk's cap lily) is a Eurasian species of lily.
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Lily of the valley
Lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis), sometimes written lily-of-the-valley, is a sweetly scented, highly poisonous woodland flowering plant that is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere in Asia and Europe.
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Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.
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Liquorice
Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra from which a sweet flavour can be extracted.
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Lobster Thermidor
Lobster Thermidor is a French dish consisting of a creamy mixture of cooked lobster meat, egg yolks, and brandy (often cognac), stuffed into a lobster shell.
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Lock (water navigation)
A lock is a device used for raising and lowering boats, ships and other watercraft between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways.
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Lolium
Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family.
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Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau
Louis-Bernard Guyton, Baron de Morveau (also Louis-Bernard Guyton-Morveau after the French Revolution; 4 January 1737 – 2 January 1816) was a French chemist and politician.
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Lupinus
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin or lupine (North America), is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Maize
Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, from maíz after Taíno mahiz), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.
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Mandragora officinarum
Mandragora officinarum is the type species of the plant genus Mandragora.
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Manure
Manure is organic matter, mostly derived from animal feces except in the case of green manure, which can be used as organic fertilizer in agriculture.
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Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.
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Marl
Marl or marlstone is a calcium carbonate or lime-rich mud or mudstone which contains variable amounts of clays and silt.
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Marxism
Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialectical view of social transformation.
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Matthiola
Matthiola (syn. Mathiola R.Br.), is a genus of flowering plants in the mustard family.
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Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and politician, as well as one of the best known and most influential figures associated with the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
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Mentha
Mentha (also known as mint, from Greek, Linear B mi-ta) is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae (mint family).
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
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Merriam-Webster
Merriam–Webster, Incorporated is an American company that publishes reference books which is especially known for its dictionaries.
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Mespilus germanica
Mespilus germanica, known as the medlar or common medlar, is a large shrub or small tree, and the name of the fruit of this tree.
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Messidor
Messidor was the tenth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Messidor (film)
Messidor is a 1979 French-Swiss drama film directed by Alain Tanner.
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Metric system
The metric system is an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement.
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Metrication
Metrication or metrification is conversion to the metric system of units of measurement.
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Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France (France métropolitaine or la Métropole), also known as European France or Mainland France, is the part of France in Europe.
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Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély
Michel Louis Etienne Regnaud, later 1st Count Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély (3 December 1761, Saint-Fargeau – 11 March 1819, Paris) was a French politician.
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Millet
Millets (/ˈmɪlɪts/) are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food.
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Mirabilis jalapa
Mirabilis jalapa, the marvel of Peru or four o'clock flower, is the most commonly grown ornamental species of Mirabilis plant, and is available in a range of colours.
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Morchella
Morchella, the true morels, is a genus of edible sac fungi closely related to anatomically simpler cup fungi in the order Pezizales (division Ascomycota).
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Moss
Mosses are small flowerless plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations.
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Mule
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare).
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Muskmelon
Muskmelon (Cucumis melo) is a species of melon that has been developed into many cultivated varieties.
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Mustard plant
Mustard plants are any of several plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis in the family Brassicaceae.
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Myrtus
Myrtus, with the common name myrtle, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae, described by Swedish botanist Linnaeus in 1753.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Napoleon III
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the President of France from 1848 to 1852 and as Napoleon III the Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870.
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Narcissus (plant)
Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants of the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.
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National Convention
The National Convention (Convention nationale) was the first government of the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the one-year Legislative Assembly.
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National Museum of Natural History (France)
The French National Museum of Natural History, known in French as the (abbreviation MNHN), is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne Universities.
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Neil Gaiman
Neil Richard MacKinnon GaimanBorn as Neil Richard Gaiman, with "MacKinnon" added on the occasion of his marriage to Amanda Palmer.
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Neologism
A neologism (from Greek νέο- néo-, "new" and λόγος lógos, "speech, utterance") is a relatively recent or isolated term, word, or phrase that may be in the process of entering common use, but that has not yet been fully accepted into mainstream language.
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Nivôse
Nivôse (also Nivose) was the fourth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Oat
The oat (Avena sativa), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals).
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Olive
The olive, known by the botanical name Olea europaea, meaning "European olive", is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands and Réunion.
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Olympiad
An Olympiad (Ὀλυμπιάς, Olympiás) is a period of four years associated with the Olympic Games of the Ancient Greeks.
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Onion
The onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium.
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Onobrychis
Onobrychis, the sainfoins, are Eurasian perennial herbs of the legume family (Fabaceae).
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Orange (fruit)
The orange is the fruit of the citrus species ''Citrus'' × ''sinensis'' in the family Rutaceae.
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Otter
Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae.
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Overseas France
Overseas France (France d'outre-mer) consists of all the French-administerd territories outside the European continent.
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Panicum virgatum
Panicum virgatum, commonly known as switchgrass, is a perennial warm season bunchgrass native to North America, where it occurs naturally from 55°N latitude in Canada southwards into the United States and Mexico.
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Pansy
The garden pansy is a type of large-flowered hybrid plant cultivated as a garden flower.
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Papaver rhoeas
Papaver rhoeas (common names include common poppy, corn poppy, corn rose, field poppy, Flanders poppy or red poppy) is an annual herbaceous species of flowering plant in the poppy family, Papaveraceae.
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Paris Commune
The Paris Commune (La Commune de Paris) was a radical socialist and revolutionary government that ruled Paris from 18 March to 28 May 1871.
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Paris Observatory
The Paris Observatory (Observatoire de Paris or Observatoire de Paris-Meudon), a research institution of PSL Research University, is the foremost astronomical observatory of France, and one of the largest astronomical centres in the world.
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Park
A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats.
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Parsley
Parsley or garden parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the central Mediterranean region (southern Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Malta, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia), naturalized elsewhere in Europe, and widely cultivated as an herb, a spice, and a vegetable.
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Parsnip
The parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) is a root vegetable closely related to the carrot and parsley.
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Pea
The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum.
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Peach
The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated.
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Pear
The pear is any of several tree and shrub species of genus Pyrus, in the family Rosaceae.
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Peat
Peat, also called turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter that is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs.
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Peony
The peony or paeony is a flowering plant in the genus Paeonia, the only genus in the family Paeoniaceae.
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Pheasant
Pheasants are birds of several genera within the subfamily Phasianinae, of the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes.
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Phragmites
Phragmites is a genus of four species of large perennial grasses found in wetlands throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world.
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Phyteuma
Phyteuma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco.
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Pickaxe
A pickaxe, pick-axe, or pick is a hand tool with a hard head attached perpendicular to the handle.
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Pig
A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae.
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Pine nut
Pine nuts (also called piñon or pignoli /pinˈyōlē/) are the edible seeds of pines (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus).
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Pistachio
The pistachio (Pistacia vera), a member of the cashew family, is a small tree originating from Central Asia and the Middle East.
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Pitchfork
A pitchfork is an agricultural tool with a long handle and tynes used to lift and pitch or throw loose material, such as hay, straw or leaves.
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Platanus
Platanus is a genus consisting of a small number of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere.
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Plough
A plough (UK) or plow (US; both) is a tool or farm implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil.
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Plum
A plum is a fruit of the subgenus Prunus of the genus Prunus. The subgenus is distinguished from other subgenera (peaches, cherries, bird cherries, etc.) in the shoots having terminal bud and solitary side buds (not clustered), the flowers in groups of one to five together on short stems, and the fruit having a groove running down one side and a smooth stone (or pit).
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Plumbaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution.
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Pluviôse
Pluviôse (also Pluviose) was the fifth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Polianthes tuberosa
Polianthes tuberosa, the tuberose, is a perennial plant related to the agaves, extracts of which are used as a note in perfumery.
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Polygonum aviculare
Polygonum aviculare or common knotgrass is a plant related to buckwheat and dock.
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Pomegranate
The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae that grows between tall.
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Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–35 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere.
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Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KNO3.
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Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum.
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Prairial
Prairial was the ninth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Primula vulgaris
Primula vulgaris, the common primrose is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to western and southern Europe (from the Faroe Islands and Norway south to Portugal, and east to Germany, Ukraine, the Crimea, and the Balkans), northwest Africa (Algeria), and southwest Asia (Turkey east to Iran).
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Privet
A privet is a flowering plant in the genus Ligustrum.
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Puffball
A puffball is a member of any of several groups of fungi in the division Basidiomycota.
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Pulmonaria
Pulmonaria (lungwort) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, native to Europe and western Asia, with one species (P. mollissima) east to central Asia.
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Pumpkin
A pumpkin is a cultivar of a squash plant, most commonly of Cucurbita pepo, that is round, with smooth, slightly ribbed skin, and deep yellow to orange coloration.
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Quail
Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes.
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Quercus robur
Quercus robur, commonly known as common oak, pedunculate oak, European oak or English oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae.
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Quince
The quince (Cydonia oblonga) is the sole member of the genus Cydonia in the family Rosaceae (which also contains apples and pears, among other fruits).
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Rabbit
Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha (along with the hare and the pika).
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Radish
The radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus) is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times.
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Rake (tool)
A rake (Old English raca, cognate with Dutch raak, German Rechen, from the root meaning "to scrape together," "heap up") is a broom for outside use; a horticultural implement consisting of a toothed bar fixed transversely to a handle, and used to collect leaves, hay, grass, etc., and, in gardening, for loosening the soil, light weeding and levelling, removing dead grass from lawns, and generally for purposes performed in agriculture by the harrow.
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Rapeseed
Rapeseed (Brassica napus), also known as rape, oilseed rape, (and, in the case of one particular group of cultivars, canola), is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seed.
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Rapporteur
A rapporteur is a person who is appointed by an organization to report on the proceedings of its meetings.
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Redcurrant
The redcurrant, or red currant (Ribes rubrum) is a member of the genus Ribes in the gooseberry family.
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Reseda (plant)
Reseda (mignonette) is a genus of fragrant herbaceous plants native to Europe, southwest Asia and North Africa, from the Canary Islands and Iberia east to northwest India.
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Rhamnus (genus)
Rhamnus is a genus of about 110 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns in the family Rhamnaceae.
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Rhamnus alaternus
Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by the common name of Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn.
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Rhubarb
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) is a species of plant in the family Polygonaceae.
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Roe deer
The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the western roe deer, chevreuil, or simply roe deer or roe, is a Eurasian species of deer.
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Roller (agricultural tool)
The roller is an agricultural tool used for flattening land or breaking up large clumps of soil, especially after ploughing.
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Romaine lettuce
Romaine or cos lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia) is a variety of lettuce that grows in a tall head of sturdy dark green leaves with firm ribs down their centers.
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Roman numerals
The numeric system represented by Roman numerals originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages.
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Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.
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Rosa canina
Rosa canina, commonly known as the dog rose, is a variable climbing, wild rose species native to Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia.
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Rose
A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.
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Rosemary
Rosmarinus officinalis, commonly known as rosemary, is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers, native to the Mediterranean region.
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Rubia
Rubia is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family.
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Ruscus aculeatus
Ruscus aculeatus, known as butcher's-broom, is a low evergreen Eurasian shrub, with flat shoots known as cladodes that give the appearance of stiff, spine-tipped leaves.
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Rye
Rye (Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop.
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Safflower
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual plant.
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Saffron
Saffron (pronounced or) is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the "saffron crocus".
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Saint
A saint (also historically known as a hallow) is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of holiness or likeness or closeness to God.
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Salix caprea
Salix caprea (goat willow, also known as the pussy willow or great sallow) is a common species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia.
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Salmon
Salmon is the common name for several species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae.
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Salt
Salt, table salt or common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite.
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Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis (sage, also called garden sage, common sage, or culinary sage) is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers.
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Sambucus
Sambucus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae.
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Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) mineral particles or rock fragments.
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Sanguisorba minor
Sanguisorba minor, the salad burnet, garden burnet, small burnet, burnet, is a plant in the family Rosaceae that is native to western, central and southern Europe; northwest Africa and southwest Western Asia; and which has naturalized in most of North America.
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Sans-culottes
The sans-culottes (literally "without breeches") were the common people of the lower classes in late 18th century France, a great many of whom became radical and militant partisans of the French Revolution in response to their poor quality of life under the Ancien Régime.
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Sansculottides
The Sansculottides (also Epagomènes; French Sans-culottides, Sanculottides, jours complémentaires, jours épagomènes) are holidays following the last month of the year on the French Republican Calendar which was used following the French Revolution from approximately 1793 to 1805.
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Sarah Monette
Sarah Monette is an American novelist and short story author, writing mostly in the genres of fantasy and horror.
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Scorzonera hispanica
Scorzonera hispanica, black salsify or Spanish salsify, also known as black oyster plant, serpent root, viper's herb, viper's grass or simply scorzonera, is a perennial member of the genus Scorzonera in the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable in the same way as purple salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius), also in the sunflower family.
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Scotland
Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
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Scythe
A scytheOxford English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1933: Scythe is an agricultural hand tool for mowing grass or reaping crops.
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September equinox
The September equinox (or Southward equinox) is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator, heading southward.
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Shallot
The shallot is a type of onion, specifically a botanical variety of the species Allium cepa.
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Shawm
The shawm (/ʃɔːm/) is a conical bore, double-reed woodwind instrument made in Europe from the 12th century to the present day.
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Sheep
Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.
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Shepherd's crook
The shepherd's crook, essentially a long and sturdy stick with a hook at one end, is used by a shepherd to manage and sometimes catch sheep.
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Shovel
A shovel is a tool for digging, lifting, and moving bulk materials, such as soil, coal, gravel, snow, sand, or ore.
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Sickle
A sickle, or bagging hook, is a hand-held agricultural tool designed with variously curved blades and typically used for harvesting, or reaping, grain crops or cutting succulent forage chiefly for feeding livestock, either freshly cut or dried as hay.
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Sieve
A sieve, or sifter, is a device for separating wanted elements from unwanted material or for characterizing the particle size distribution of a sample, typically using a woven screen such as a mesh or net or metal.
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Sisymbrium officinale
Sisymbrium officinale, known as hedge mustard, (formerly Erysimum officinale) is a plant in the family Brassicaceae.
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Sium sisarum
Sium sisarum, commonly known as skirret, is a perennial plant of the family Apiaceae sometimes grown as a root vegetable.
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Slate
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism.
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Sled
A sled, sledge, or sleigh is a land vehicle with a smooth underside or possessing a separate body supported by two or more smooth, relatively narrow, longitudinal runners that travels by sliding across a surface.
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Solar Hijri calendar
The Solar Hijri calendar (gāh-shomāri-ye hejri-ye khorshidi; لمريز لېږدیز کلیز), also called the Solar Hejri calendar or Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH, is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan.
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Solar time
Solar time is a calculation of the passage of time based on the position of the Sun in the sky.
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Sorbus domestica
Sorbus domestica, with the common name service tree or sorb tree (because of its fruit), is a species of Sorbus native to western, central and southern Europe, northwest Africa (Atlas Mountains), and southwest Asia (east to the Caucasus).
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Sorbus torminalis
Sorbus torminalis, with common names wild service tree, chequers, and checker tree, is a species of Sorbus native to Europe from England and Wales east to Denmark and Poland, south to northwest Africa, and southeast to southwest Asia from Asia Minor to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains.
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Sorghum
Sorghum is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae.
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Sorrel
Common sorrel or garden sorrel (Rumex acetosa), often simply called sorrel, is a perennial herb in the family Polygonaceae.
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Soviet calendar
While the Gregorian calendar was implemented in Soviet Russia in February 1918 by dropping the Julian dates of 1–13 February 1918 pursuant to a Sovnarkom decree, the Soviet calendar added five- and six-day work weeks between 1929 and 1940.
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Spade
A spade is a tool primarily for digging, comprising a blade – typically narrower and less curved than that of a shovel – and a long handle.
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Spelt
Spelt (Triticum spelta; Triticum dicoccum), also known as dinkel wheat or hulled wheat, is a species of wheat cultivated since approximately 5000 BC.
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Spinach
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is an edible flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae native to central and western Asia.
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Stachys officinalis
Stachys officinalis is commonly known as common hedgenettle, betony, purple betony, wood betony, bishopwort, or bishop's wort.
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Stan Woch
Stan Woch (born July 8, 1959) is an American artist who has worked on comic strips and comic books.
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Storage tank
Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases (gas tank; or in U.S.A "pressure vessel", which is not typically labeled or regulated as a storage tank) or mediums used for the short- or long-term storage of heat or cold.
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Strawberry
The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; Fragaria × ananassa) is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria, collectively known as the strawberries.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Sylvain Maréchal
Sylvain Maréchal (15 August 1750 – 18 January 1803) was a French essayist, poet, philosopher and political theorist, whose views presaged utopian socialism and communism.
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Syringa vulgaris
Syringa vulgaris (lilac or common lilac) is a species of flowering plant in the olive family Oleaceae, native to the Balkan Peninsula, where it grows on rocky hills.
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Tagetes
Tagetes is a genusSoule, J. A. 1996.
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Taraxacum
Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions.
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Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata is a conifer native to western, central and southern Europe, northwest Africa, northern Iran and southwest Asia.
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Tench
The tench or doctor fish (Tinca tinca) is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the cyprinid family found throughout Eurasia from Western Europe including the British Isles east into Asia as far as the Ob and Yenisei Rivers.
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The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon
The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon (Der 18te Brumaire des Louis Napoleon) is an essay written by Karl Marx between December 1851 and March 1852, and originally published in 1852 in Die Revolution, a German monthly magazine published in New York City and established by Joseph Weydemeyer.
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The French Revolution: A History
The French Revolution: A History was written by the Scottish essayist, philosopher, and historian Thomas Carlyle.
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The Mountain
The Mountain (La Montagne) was a political group during the French Revolution, whose members, called Montagnards, sat on the highest benches in the National Assembly.
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The Sandman (Vertigo)
The Sandman is a comic book series written by Neil Gaiman and published by DC Comics.
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Thermidor
Thermidor was the eleventh month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Thermidor (play)
Thermidor is a four-act dramatic play by the 19th-century French playwright Victorien Sardou.
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Thermidorian Reaction
On 9 Thermidor Year II (27 July 1794), the French politician Maximilien Robespierre was denounced by members of the National Convention as "a tyrant", leading to Robespierre and twenty-one associates including Louis Antoine de Saint-Just being arrested that night and beheaded on the following day.
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Thlaspi arvense
Thlaspi arvense, known by the common name field pennycress, is a flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae.
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Thomas Carlyle
Thomas Carlyle (4 December 17955 February 1881) was a Scottish philosopher, satirical writer, essayist, translator, historian, mathematician, and teacher.
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Thyme
Thyme is an aromatic perennial evergreen herb with culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses.
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Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum, known by the common names of Breckland thyme, Breckland wild thyme, wild thyme, creeping thyme, or elfin thyme, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to most of Europe and North Africa.
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Tilia cordata
Tilia cordata (small-leaved lime, occasionally littleleaf linden or small-leaved linden) is a species of Tilia native to much of Europe.
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Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from stannum) and atomic number 50.
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Tobacco
Tobacco is a product prepared from the leaves of the tobacco plant by curing them.
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Todd Klein
Todd Klein (born January 28, 1951) is an American comic book letterer, logo designer, and occasional writer, primarily for DC Comics.
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Tomato
The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit/berry of the plant Solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as a tomato plant.
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Topsoil
Topsoil is the upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top to.
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Tragopogon porrifolius
Tragopogon porrifolius is a plant cultivated for its ornamental flower, edible root, and herbal properties.
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Tropical year
A tropical year (also known as a solar year) is the time that the Sun takes to return to the same position in the cycle of seasons, as seen from Earth; for example, the time from vernal equinox to vernal equinox, or from summer solstice to summer solstice.
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Trout
Trout is the common name for a number of species of freshwater fish belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, all of the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae.
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Truffle
A truffle is the fruiting body of a subterranean Ascomycete fungus, predominantly one of the many species of the genus Tuber.
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Tulip
Tulips (Tulipa) form a genus of spring-blooming perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes (having bulbs as storage organs).
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Tuna
A tuna is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe Thunnini, a sub-grouping of the mackerel family (Scombridae).
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Turkey (bird)
The turkey is a large bird in the genus Meleagris, which is native to the Americas.
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Turnip
The turnip or white turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, bulbous taproot.
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Tussilago
Tussilago farfara, commonly known as coltsfoot, is a plant in the groundsel tribe in the daisy family Asteraceae, native to Europe and parts of western and central Asia.
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Twine
Twine is a light string or strong thread composed of two or more smaller strands or yarns twisted, and then twisted together.
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Ulex
Ulex (commonly known as gorse, furze or whin) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
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Unix time
Unix time (also known as POSIX time or UNIX Epoch time) is a system for describing a point in time, defined as the number of seconds that have elapsed since 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), Thursday, 1 January 1970,.
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Valerian (herb)
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis, Caprifoliaceae) is a perennial flowering plant native to Europe and Asia.
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Valerianella locusta
Valerianella locusta is a small annual plant that is eaten as a leaf vegetable.
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Vendémiaire
Vendémiaire was the first month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Ventôse
Ventôse (also Ventose) was the sixth month in the French Republican Calendar.
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Verbascum thapsus
Verbascum thapsus, the great mullein or common mullein, is a species of mullein native to Europe, northern Africa, and Asia, and introduced in the Americas and Australia.
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Verbena officinalis
Verbena officinalis, the common vervain or common verbena, is a perennial herb native to Europe.
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Veronica (plant)
Veronica is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Plantaginaceae, with about 500 species; it was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae.
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Vertigo (DC Comics)
DC Vertigo (originally simply Vertigo) is an imprint of the American comic book publisher DC Comics.
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Viburnum tinus
Viburnum tinus (Laurustinus, laurustinus viburnum, or laurestine) is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae, native to the Mediterranean area of Europe and North Africa.
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Vicia sativa
Vicia sativa, known as the common vetch, garden vetch, tare or simply vetch, is a nitrogen-fixing leguminous plant in the family Fabaceae.
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Vinca
Vinca (Latin: vincire "to bind, fetter") is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, native to Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia.
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Viola (plant)
Viola (and) is a genus of flowering plants in the violet family Violaceae.
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Walnut
A walnut is the nut of any tree of the genus Juglans (Family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia.
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Water caltrop
The water caltrop is any of three extant species of the genus Trapa: Trapa natans, Trapa bicornis and the endangered Trapa rossica.
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Watercress
Watercress is an aquatic plant species with the botanical name Nasturtium officinale. This should not be confused with the profoundly different and unrelated group of plants with the common name of nasturtium, within the genus Tropaeolum.
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Watering can
A watering can (or watering pot) is a portable container, usually with a handle and a spout, used to water plants by hand.
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Watermelon
Citrullus lanatus is a plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, a vine-like (scrambler and trailer) flowering plant originally from Africa.
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Wax
Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic, malleable solids near ambient temperatures.
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Wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food.
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Windmill
A windmill is a mill that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails or blades.
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Winnowing
Wind winnowing is an agricultural method developed by ancient cultures for separating grain from chaff.
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Winter squash
Winter squash is an annual fruit representing several squash species within the genus Cucurbita.
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World Calendar
The World Calendar is a proposed reform of the Gregorian calendar created by Elisabeth Achelis of Brooklyn, New York in 1930.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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Redirects here:
An II, Decadi, Décadi, French Republic Calendar, French Republican Calendar/RommeSystem, French Republican calendar, French Revolutionary Calendar, French Revolutionary calendar, French republican calendar, French revolution calendar, French revolutionary calendar, Jacobian Calendar, Jacobian calendar, Jacobin Calendar, Jacobin calendar, Metric calendar, Primidi, Year IX.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Republican_Calendar
