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James Watson

Index James Watson

James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin. [1]

197 relations: ABC News, Adelphi University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, Alisher Usmanov, Allen Institute for Brain Science, Alpha helix, American Philosophical Society, Antiparallel (biochemistry), Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc., Athenaeum Club, London, Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment, Bachelor of Science, Bacteria, Bacteriophage, Bard College, Baylor College of Medicine, Behavioural genetics, Benjamin Franklin Medal (American Philosophical Society), Bernadine Healy, Biochemistry, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, Brandeis University, Bruce William Stillman, California, California Institute of Technology, Cancer, Catholic Church, Cavendish Laboratory, Celera Corporation, Champalimaud Foundation, Chang Yi Wang, Charles University, Chicago, Christie's, Chromosome, Clare College, Cambridge, Clarkson University, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Copley Medal, County Tipperary, Craig Venter, Creative Commons license, Developmental biology, Diabetes mellitus type 2, DNA, Doctor of Philosophy, Dorothy Hodgkin, Drosophila, ..., E. O. Wilson, Ecology, Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry, EMBO Membership, Environmentalism, Erwin Chargaff, Erwin Schrödinger, Esther Lederberg, European Molecular Biology Organization, Ewan Birney, Expressed sequence tag, Fairfield University, Fellow of the Royal Society, Francis Collins, Francis Crick, Gairdner Foundation International Award, Gene, Genetic engineering, Genetic testing, Genetics, Glasgow, Guy's Hospital, H. Robert Horvitz, Harvard University, Harvard University Press, Herman Kalckar, Hermann Joseph Muller, History of biology, History of molecular biology, History of RNA biology, Hofstra University, Human Genome Project, Humanism and Its Aspirations, Illinois, Indiana University, Infobase Publishing, Irish America (magazine), Irish America Hall of Fame, Irish people, Jack D. Dunitz, Joan A. Steitz, John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science, John Kendrew, John Tooze, King's College London, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Lawrence Summers, Left-wing politics, Leonor Beleza, Leslie Orgel, Libido, Linus Pauling, List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1981, List of RNA biologists, Lomonosov Gold Medal, Long Island University, Lotos Club, Luria–Delbrück experiment, Mario Capecchi, Matt Ridley, Maurice Wilkins, Max Delbrück, Medical Research Council (United Kingdom), Melanin, Modern Library, Modern Library 100 Best Nonfiction, Molecular biology, Molecular Biology of the Cell (textbook), Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid, Mutation, Naples, National Institutes of Health, National Medal of Science, Nature (journal), News Chronicle, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nuclear proliferation, Nucleic acid, Nucleic acid double helix, Nucleic acid structure, Order of the British Empire, Ornithology, Othmer Gold Medal, Oxford University Press, Oxidizing agent, Personalized medicine, Peter Moore (chemist), Phage group, Philadelphia Liberty Medal, Phillip Allen Sharp, Photo 51, Physiology, Postdoctoral researcher, Predictive medicine, Presidential Medal of Freedom, Protein, Quiz Kids, Raymond Gosling, Richard Dawkins, Richard J. Roberts, Robert Maynard Hutchins, Robert Olby, Robert Pollack (biologist), Rockefeller University, Ronald W. Davis, Rosalind Franklin, Royal Society, Rutgers University, Salvador Luria, Schizophrenia, Science History Institute, Scientific American, Scotland, Simon & Schuster, Solvay Conference, South Shore High School (Chicago), Space group, Stazione Zoologica, Stellenbosch University, Steven Shapin, Supreme Court of the United States, Sydney Brenner, Tailor, Taxonomy (biology), The Double Helix, The English Patient (film), The Hastings Center, The Lancet, The Sunday Telegraph, The Sunday Times Magazine, United States, University of Cambridge, University of Chicago, University of Copenhagen, University of Dublin, University of Notre Dame, University of Oxford, Varsity (Cambridge), Vietnam War, Virus, What Is Life?, Whole genome sequencing, Wolters Kluwer, X-ray, X-ray crystallography, Zoology, 454 Life Sciences. Expand index (147 more) »

ABC News

ABC News is the news division of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), owned by the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.

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Adelphi University

Adelphi University is a private, nonsectarian university located in Garden City, in Nassau County, New York, United States.

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Albert Einstein College of Medicine

The Albert Einstein College of Medicine ("Einstein" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, sectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City.

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Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research

The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is one of the prizes awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the outstanding discovery, Contribution and achievement in the field of medicine and Human Physiology.

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Alisher Usmanov

Alisher Burkhanovich Usmanov (Алише́р Бурха́нович Усма́нов; Alisher Usmonov; born 9 September 1953) is an Uzbek-born Russian business magnate.

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Allen Institute for Brain Science

The Allen Institute for Brain Science is a Seattle-based independent, nonprofit medical research organization dedicated to accelerating the understanding of how the human brain works.

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Alpha helix

The alpha helix (α-helix) is a common motif in the secondary structure of proteins and is a righthand-spiral conformation (i.e. helix) in which every backbone N−H group donates a hydrogen bond to the backbone C.

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American Philosophical Society

The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 and located in Philadelphia, is an eminent scholarly organization of international reputation that promotes useful knowledge in the sciences and humanities through excellence in scholarly research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and community outreach.

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Antiparallel (biochemistry)

In biochemistry, two biopolymers are antiparallel if they run parallel to each other but with opposite alignments.

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Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc., 569 U.S. 576 (2013),.

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Athenaeum Club, London

The Athenaeum is a private members' club in London, founded in 1824.

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Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment

The Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment was an experimental demonstration, reported in 1944 by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty, that DNA is the substance that causes bacterial transformation, in an era when it had been widely believed that it was proteins that served the function of carrying genetic information (with the very word protein itself coined to indicate a belief that its function was primary).

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Bachelor of Science

A Bachelor of Science (Latin Baccalaureus Scientiae, B.S., BS, B.Sc., BSc, or B.Sc; or, less commonly, S.B., SB, or Sc.B., from the equivalent Latin Scientiae Baccalaureus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years, or a person holding such a degree.

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Bacteria

Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.

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Bacteriophage

A bacteriophage, also known informally as a phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within Bacteria and Archaea.

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Bard College

Bard College is a private liberal arts college in Annandale-on-Hudson, a hamlet in New York, United States.

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Baylor College of Medicine

Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), located in the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas, US, is a health sciences university.

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Behavioural genetics

Behavioural genetics also referred to as behaviour genetics, is a field of scientific research that uses genetic methods to investigate the nature and origins of individual differences in behaviour.

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Benjamin Franklin Medal (American Philosophical Society)

The Benjamin Franklin Medal presented by the American Philosophical Society located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., also called Benjamin Franklin Bicentennial Medal, is awarded since 1906.

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Bernadine Healy

Bernadine Patricia Healy (August 4, 1944 – August 6, 2011) was an American physician, cardiologist, academic, and first female National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director.

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Biochemistry

Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.

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Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society

The Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society is an academic journal on the history of science published annually by the Royal Society.

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Brandeis University

Brandeis University is an American private research university in Waltham, Massachusetts, 9 miles (14 km) west of Boston.

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Bruce William Stillman

Bruce William Stillman, AO, FAA, FRS (born 16 October 1953, in Melbourne, Australia) is a biochemist and cancer researcher who has served as the Director of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) since 1994 and President since 2003.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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California Institute of Technology

The California Institute of Technology (abbreviated Caltech)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; other spellings such as.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Cavendish Laboratory

The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics at the University of Cambridge, and is part of the School of Physical Sciences.

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Celera Corporation

Celera is a subsidiary of Quest Diagnostics which focuses on genetic sequencing and related technologies.

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Champalimaud Foundation

The Champalimaud Foundation (Fundação Champalimaud) is a private biomedical research foundation.

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Chang Yi Wang

Chang Yi Wang Dr.

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Charles University

Charles University, known also as Charles University in Prague (Univerzita Karlova; Universitas Carolina; Karls-Universität) or historically as the University of Prague (Universitas Pragensis), is the oldest and largest university in the Czech Republic. Founded in 1348, it was the first university in Central Europe. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe in continuous operation and ranks in the upper 1.5 percent of the world’s best universities. Its seal shows its protector Emperor Charles IV, with his coats of arms as King of the Romans and King of Bohemia, kneeling in front of St. Wenceslas, the patron saint of Bohemia. It is surrounded by the inscription, Sigillum Universitatis Scolarium Studii Pragensis (Seal of the Prague academia).

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Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

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Christie's

Christie's is a British auction house.

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Chromosome

A chromosome (from Ancient Greek: χρωμόσωμα, chromosoma, chroma means colour, soma means body) is a DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material (genome) of an organism.

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Clare College, Cambridge

Clare College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England.

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Clarkson University

Clarkson University is a private research university with its main campus located in Potsdam, New York, and additional graduate program and research facilities in New York State's Capital Region and Beacon, N.Y. It was founded in 1896 and has an enrollment of about 4,300 students studying toward bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in each of its schools or institutes: the Institute for a Sustainable Environment, the School of Arts & Sciences, the School of Business and the Wallace H. Coulter School of Engineering.

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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a private, non-profit institution with research programs focusing on cancer, neuroscience, plant genetics, genomics, and quantitative biology.

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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press was founded in 1933 to aid in Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory's purpose of furthering the advance and spread of scientific knowledge.

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Copley Medal

The Copley Medal is a scientific award given by the Royal Society, for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science." It alternates between the physical and the biological sciences.

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County Tipperary

County Tipperary (Contae Thiobraid Árann) is a county in Ireland.

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Craig Venter

John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American biotechnologist, biochemist, geneticist, and businessman.

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Creative Commons license

A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work.

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Developmental biology

Developmental biology is the study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop.

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Diabetes mellitus type 2

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.

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DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or Ph.D.; Latin Philosophiae doctor) is the highest academic degree awarded by universities in most countries.

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Dorothy Hodgkin

Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin (12 May 1910 – 29 July 1994) was a British chemist who developed protein crystallography, for which she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.

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Drosophila

Drosophila is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.

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E. O. Wilson

Edward Osborne Wilson (born June 10, 1929), usually cited as E. O. Wilson, is an American biologist, researcher, theorist, naturalist and author.

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Ecology

Ecology (from οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of") is the branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.

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Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry

The Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry was established in 1934.

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EMBO Membership

Membership of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) is an award for scientists granted by the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in recognition of:, 87 EMBO Members and Associate Members have been awarded Nobel Prizes in either Physiology or Medicine, Chemistry or Physics.

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Environmentalism

Environmentalism or environmental rights is a broad philosophy, ideology, and social movement regarding concerns for environmental protection and improvement of the health of the environment, particularly as the measure for this health seeks to incorporate the impact of changes to the environment on humans, animals, plants and non-living matter.

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Erwin Chargaff

Erwin Chargaff (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian biochemist who immigrated to the United States during the Nazi era and was a professor of biochemistry at Columbia University medical school.

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Erwin Schrödinger

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961), sometimes written as or, was a Nobel Prize-winning Austrian physicist who developed a number of fundamental results in the field of quantum theory, which formed the basis of wave mechanics: he formulated the wave equation (stationary and time-dependent Schrödinger equation) and revealed the identity of his development of the formalism and matrix mechanics.

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Esther Lederberg

Esther Miriam Zimmer Lederberg (December 18, 1922 – November 11, 2006) was an American microbiologist and a pioneer of bacterial genetics.

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European Molecular Biology Organization

The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) is a professional organization of life scientists in Europe.

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Ewan Birney

John Frederick William Birney (known as Ewan) (born 1972) is joint Director with Rolf Apweiler of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in Hinxton, Cambridgeshire.

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Expressed sequence tag

In genetics, an expressed sequence tag (EST) is a short sub-sequence of a cDNA sequence.

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Fairfield University

Fairfield University is a private Jesuit Catholic research university located in the coastal town of Fairfield, Connecticut.

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Fellow of the Royal Society

Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society judges to have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science".

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Francis Collins

Francis Sellers Collins (born April 14, 1950) is an American physician-geneticist who discovered the genes associated with a number of diseases and led the Human Genome Project.

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Francis Crick

Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 with James Watson, work which was based partly on fundamental studies done by Rosalind Franklin, Raymond Gosling and Maurice Wilkins.

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Gairdner Foundation International Award

The Canada Gairdner International Award is given annually at a special dinner to five individuals for outstanding discoveries or contributions to medical science.

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Gene

In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.

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Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.

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Genetic testing

Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, allows the determination of bloodlines and the genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited diseases.

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Genetics

Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Guy's Hospital

Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital in the borough of Southwark in central London.

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H. Robert Horvitz

Howard Robert Horvitz (born May 8, 1947) is an American biologist best known for his research on the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, for which he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with Sydney Brenner and John E. Sulston.

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Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

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Herman Kalckar

Herman Moritz Kalckar (26 March 1908 – 17 May 1991) was a Danish biochemist who pioneered the study of cellular respiration.

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Hermann Joseph Muller

Hermann Joseph Muller (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation (mutagenesis) as well as his outspoken political beliefs.

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History of biology

The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times.

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History of molecular biology

The history of molecular biology begins in the 1930s with the convergence of various, previously distinct biological and physical disciplines: biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, virology and physics.

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History of RNA biology

Numerous key discoveries in biology have emerged from studies of RNA (ribonucleic acid), including seminal work in the fields of biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, molecular evolution and structural biology.

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Hofstra University

Hofstra University is a private, non-profit, nonsectarian university in Hempstead, New York.

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Human Genome Project

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and a functional standpoint.

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Humanism and Its Aspirations

Humanism and Its Aspirations subtitled Humanist Manifesto III, a successor to the Humanist Manifesto of 1933 is the most recent of the Humanist Manifestos, published in 2003 by the American Humanist Association (AHA).

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Illinois

Illinois is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Indiana University

Indiana University (IU) is a multi-campus public university system in the state of Indiana, United States.

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Infobase Publishing

Infobase Publishing is an American publisher of reference book titles and textbooks geared towards the North American library, secondary school, and university-level curriculum markets.

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Irish America (magazine)

Irish America is a bi-monthly periodical that aims to cover topics relevant to the Irish in North America including a range of political, economic, social, and cultural themes.

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Irish America Hall of Fame

The Irish America Hall of Fame was founded by Irish America magazine in November 2010.

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Irish people

The Irish people (Muintir na hÉireann or Na hÉireannaigh) are a nation and ethnic group native to the island of Ireland, who share a common Irish ancestry, identity and culture.

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Jack D. Dunitz

Jack David Dunitz (born 29 March 1923, Glasgow) FRS is a British chemist and widely known chemical crystallographer.

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Joan A. Steitz

Joan Elaine Argetsinger Steitz (born January 26, 1941) is Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University and Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

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John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science

The John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "for noteworthy and distinguished accomplishments in any field of science within the charter of the Academy".

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John Kendrew

Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, (24 March 1917 – 23 August 1997) was an English biochemist and crystallographer who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Max Perutz; their group in the Cavendish Laboratory investigated the structure of heme-containing proteins.

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John Tooze

John Tooze FRS (born 16 May 1938) was Vice-President of Scientific and Facility Operations at Rockefeller University from 2005 to 2013 and formerly Executive Secretary of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO).

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King's College London

King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a public research university located in London, United Kingdom, and a founding constituent college of the federal University of London.

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Laboratory of Molecular Biology

The Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) is a research institute in Cambridge, England, involved in the revolution in molecular biology which occurred in the 1950–60s, since then it remains a major medical research laboratory with a much broader focus.

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Lawrence Summers

Lawrence Henry Summers (born November 30, 1954) is an American economist, former Vice President of Development Economics and Chief Economist of the World Bank (1991–93),, Data & Research office, The World Bank, retrieved March 31, 2017, World Bank Live, The World Bank, retrieved March 31, 2017 Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, retrieved March 31, 2017 senior U.S. Treasury Department official throughout President Clinton's administration (ultimately Treasury Secretary, 1999–2001), U.S. Treasury Department, Last Updated: 11/20/2010, retrieved March 31, 2017 and former director of the National Economic Council for President Obama (2009–2010).

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Left-wing politics

Left-wing politics supports social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy.

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Leonor Beleza

Maria Leonor Couceiro Pizarro Beleza (born 23 November 1948, in Porto), is a Portuguese politician.

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Leslie Orgel

Leslie Eleazer Orgel FRS (12 January 1927 – 27 October 2007) was a British chemist.

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Libido

Libido, colloquially known as sex drive, is a person's overall sexual drive or desire for sexual activity.

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Linus Pauling

Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, educator, and husband of American human rights activist Ava Helen Pauling.

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List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1981

This is a list of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1981.

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List of RNA biologists

For related information, see the articles on History of RNA Biology, History of Molecular Biology, and History of Genetics.

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Lomonosov Gold Medal

The Lomonosov Gold Medal, named after Russian scientist and polymath Mikhail Lomonosov, is awarded each year since 1959 for outstanding achievements in the natural sciences and the humanities by the USSR Academy of Sciences and later the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS).

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Long Island University

Long Island University (LIU) is a private, non-profit, nonsectarian institution of higher education with locations and programs spanning the New York metropolitan area, overseas, and online.

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Lotos Club

The Lotos Club was founded as a gentleman's club in New York City; it has since also admitted women as members.

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Luria–Delbrück experiment

The Luria–Delbrück experiment (1943) (also called the Fluctuation Test) demonstrates that in bacteria, genetic mutations arise in the absence of selection, rather than being a response to selection.

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Mario Capecchi

Mario Ramberg Capecchi (Verona, Italy, 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering a method to create mice in which a specific gene is turned off, known as knockout mice.

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Matt Ridley

Sir Matthew White Ridley, 5th Viscount Ridley (born 7 February 1958), commonly known as Matt Ridley, is a British journalist and businessman.

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Maurice Wilkins

Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins (15 December 1916 – 5 October 2004) was a New Zealand-born British physicist and molecular biologist, and Nobel laureate whose research contributed to the scientific understanding of phosphorescence, isotope separation, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and to the development of radar.

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Max Delbrück

Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück (September 4, 1906 – March 9, 1981), a German–American biophysicist, helped launch the molecular biology research program in the late 1930s.

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Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)

The Medical Research Council (MRC) is responsible for co-coordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom.

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Melanin

Melanin (from μέλας melas, "black, dark") is a broad term for a group of natural pigments found in most organisms.

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Modern Library

The Modern Library is an American publishing company.

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Modern Library 100 Best Nonfiction

The Modern Library 100 Best Nonfiction was created in 1998 by the Modern Library.

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Molecular biology

Molecular biology is a branch of biology which concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between DNA, RNA, proteins and their biosynthesis, as well as the regulation of these interactions.

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Molecular Biology of the Cell (textbook)

Molecular Biology of the Cell is a cellular and molecular biology textbook published by Garland Science and currently authored by Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis (deceased), David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts and Peter Walter.

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Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

"Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" was the first article published to describe the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA, using X-ray diffraction and the mathematics of a helix transform.

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Mutation

In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.

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Naples

Naples (Napoli, Napule or; Neapolis; lit) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.

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National Institutes of Health

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research, founded in the late 1870s.

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National Medal of Science

The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social sciences, biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and physics.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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News Chronicle

The News Chronicle was a British daily newspaper.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin), administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the fields of life sciences and medicine.

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Nuclear proliferation

Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and weapons-applicable nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as "Nuclear Weapon States" by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT.

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Nucleic acid

Nucleic acids are biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life.

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Nucleic acid double helix

In molecular biology, the term double helix refers to the structure formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA.

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Nucleic acid structure

Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA.

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Order of the British Empire

The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the Civil service.

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Ornithology

Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds.

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Othmer Gold Medal

The Othmer Gold Medal recognizes outstanding individuals who contributed to progress in chemistry and science through their activities in areas including innovation, entrepreneurship, research, education, public understanding, legislation, and philanthropy.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Oxidizing agent

In chemistry, an oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances — in other words to cause them to lose electrons.

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Personalized medicine

Personalized medicine, also termed precision medicine, is a medical procedure that separates patients into different groups—with medical decisions, practices, interventions and/or products being tailored to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease.

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Peter Moore (chemist)

Peter B. Moore (born October 15, 1939) is Sterling Professor of Chemistry, Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University.

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Phage group

The phage group (sometimes called the American Phage Group) was an informal network of biologists centered on Max Delbrück that contributed heavily to bacterial genetics and the origins of molecular biology in the mid-20th century.

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Philadelphia Liberty Medal

The Liberty Medal is an annual award administered by the National Constitution Center of the United States to recognize leadership in the pursuit of freedom.

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Phillip Allen Sharp

Phillip Allen Sharp (born June 6, 1944) is an American geneticist and molecular biologist who co-discovered RNA splicing.

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Photo 51

Photograph 51 is the nickname given to an X-ray diffraction image of crystallized DNA taken by Raymond Gosling in May 1952, working as a PhD student under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin, at King's College London in Sir John Randall's group.

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Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of normal mechanisms, and their interactions, which work within a living system.

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Postdoctoral researcher

A postdoctoral researcher or postdoc is a person professionally conducting research after the completion of their doctoral studies (typically a PhD).

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Predictive medicine

Predictive medicine is a field of medicine that entails predicting the probability of disease and instituting preventive measures in order to either prevent the disease altogether or significantly decrease its impact upon the patient (such as by preventing mortality or limiting morbidity).

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Presidential Medal of Freedom

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal—the highest civilian award of the United States.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Quiz Kids

Quiz Kids was a radio and TV series of the 1940s and 1950s.

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Raymond Gosling

Raymond George Gosling (15 July 1926 – 18 May 2015) was a British scientist.

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Richard Dawkins

Clinton Richard Dawkins (born 26 March 1941) is an English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and author.

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Richard J. Roberts

Sir Richard John Roberts (born 6 September 1943) is an English biochemist and molecular biologist.

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Robert Maynard Hutchins

Robert Maynard Hutchins (January 17, 1899 – May 14, 1977), was an American educational philosopher, president (1929–1945) and chancellor (1945–1951) of the University of Chicago, and earlier dean of Yale Law School (1927–1929).

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Robert Olby

Robert Cecil Olby (born in Beckenham on October 4, 1933) is a research professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh.

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Robert Pollack (biologist)

Robert Pollack is an American biologist whose interests cross many academic lines.

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Rockefeller University

The Rockefeller University is a center for scientific research, primarily in the biological and medical sciences, that provides doctoral and postdoctoral education.

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Ronald W. Davis

Ronald Wayne "Ron" Davis (born July 17, 1941) is Professor of Biochemistry & Genetics, and Director of the Stanford Genome Technology Center at Stanford University.

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Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Elsie Franklin (25 July 192016 April 1958) was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), viruses, coal, and graphite.

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Royal Society

The President, Council and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, commonly known as the Royal Society, is a learned society.

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Rutgers University

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, commonly referred to as Rutgers University, Rutgers, or RU, is an American public research university and is the largest institution of higher education in New Jersey.

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Salvador Luria

Salvador Edward Luria (August 13, 1912 – February 6, 1991) was an Italian microbiologist, later a naturalized U.S. citizen.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.

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Science History Institute

The Science History Institute is an institution that preserves and promotes understanding of the history of science.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

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Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster, Inc., a subsidiary of CBS Corporation, is an American publishing company founded in New York City in 1924 by Richard Simon and Max Schuster.

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Solvay Conference

The International Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry, located in Brussels, were founded by the Belgian industrialist Ernest Solvay in 1912, following the historic invitation-only 1911 Conseil Solvay, considered a turning point in the world of physics.

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South Shore High School (Chicago)

South Shore International College Preparatory High School (commonly known as South Shore) is a public 4–year selective enrollment high school located in the South Shore neighborhood on the south–east side of Chicago, Illinois, United States.

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Space group

In mathematics, physics and chemistry, a space group is the symmetry group of a configuration in space, usually in three dimensions.

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Stazione Zoologica

The Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn is a research institute in Naples, Italy, devoted to basic research in biology.

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Stellenbosch University

Stellenbosch University (Universiteit Stellenbosch) is a public research university situated in Stellenbosch, a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

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Steven Shapin

Steven Shapin is an American historian and sociologist of science.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.

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Sydney Brenner

Sydney Brenner (born 13 January 1927) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with Bob Horvitz and John Sulston.

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Tailor

A tailor is a person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing professionally, especially suits and men's clothing.

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Taxonomy (biology)

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

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The Double Helix

The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA is an autobiographical account of the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA written by James D. Watson and published in 1968.

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The English Patient (film)

The English Patient is a 1996 American romantic war drama film directed by Anthony Minghella from his own script based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ondaatje and produced by Saul Zaentz.

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The Hastings Center

The Hastings Center is an independent, non-partisan bioethics research institute based in Garrison, New York.

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The Lancet

The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal.

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The Sunday Telegraph

The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, founded in February 1961, and is published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings.

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The Sunday Times Magazine

The Sunday Times Magazine is a magazine included with The Sunday Times.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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University of Chicago

The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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University of Copenhagen

The University of Copenhagen (UCPH) (Københavns Universitet) is the oldest university and research institution in Denmark.

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University of Dublin

The University of Dublin (Ollscoil Átha Cliath), corporately designated the Chancellor, Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin, is a university located in Dublin, Ireland.

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University of Notre Dame

The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame or ND) is a private, non-profit Catholic research university in the community of Notre Dame, Indiana, near the city of South Bend, in the United States.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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Varsity (Cambridge)

Varsity is the oldest of Cambridge University's main student newspapers.

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Vietnam War

The Vietnam War (Chiến tranh Việt Nam), also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America (Kháng chiến chống Mỹ) or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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What Is Life?

What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell is a 1944 science book written for the lay reader by physicist Erwin Schrödinger.

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Whole genome sequencing

Whole genome sequencing (also known as WGS, full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing) is the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time.

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Wolters Kluwer

Wolters Kluwer N.V. is a global information services company.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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X-ray crystallography

X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.

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Zoology

Zoology or animal biology is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems.

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454 Life Sciences

454 Life Sciences was a biotechnology company based in Branford, Connecticut that specialized in high-throughput DNA sequencing.

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Redirects here:

J. D. Watson, James D Watson, James D. Watson, James Dewey Watson, James watson, Watson, James, Watson, James Dewey.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watson

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