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Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)

Index Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)

Jammu and Kashmir was, from 1846 until 1952, a princely state of the British Empire in India and ruled by a Jamwal Rajput Dogra Dynasty. [1]

155 relations: Abbottabad, Albion Rajkumar Banerjee, Alexander Cunningham, Anantnag, Arain, Article 370 of the Constitution of India, Astore, Astore District, Astore Valley, Azad Kashmir, B. N. Rau, Baltis, Baltistan, Baramulla, Bashahr, Beas River, Bhaderwah, Bhangi Misl, Bhat, British Empire, British Raj, Buddhism, Chamba State, Chenani, China, Chitral, Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, Dardic people, Dhar (surname), Diamer District, Dogra, Dogra dynasty, Dominion of India, Dominion of Pakistan, East India Company, Elliot James Dowell Colvin, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, First Anglo-Sikh War, G. E. C. Wakefield, Garhi Habibullah, Gasherbrum, Ghizer Tehsil, Gilgit, Gilgit Agency, Gilgit District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Godwin-Austen Glacier, Gujrat District, Gulab Singh, Gurdaspur district, ..., Gurjar, Hari Kishan Kaul, Hari Singh, Hazara, Pakistan, Hindu Kush, Hinduism, History of Poonch District, Hunza (princely state), India, Indian Independence Act 1947, Indian Rebellion of 1857, Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, Indus River, Instrument of Accession, Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir), Ishkoman Valley, Islam, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir National Conference, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu Division, Jamwal, Janak Singh, Jasrota, Jat people, Jhelum District, Jhelum River, K. M. Panikkar, K2, Kailash Narain Haksar, Kanhaiya Misl, Karan Singh, Kargil district, Kashmir, Kashmir conflict, Kashmir Valley, Kashmiri Muslims, Kashmiri Pandit, Kathua, Kathua district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kishtwar, Kohala Bridge, Kohala, Pakistan, Kunlun Mountains, Ladakh, Leh, Leh district, List of political parties in Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), Masherbrum, Mehr Chand Mahajan, Minawar, Mirpur, Pakistan, Misl, Mughal Empire, Muzaffarabad, Mysore State, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Nagar (princely state), Neelum River, North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010), Pakistan, Pamir Mountains, Partition of India, Pathankot district, Pir Panjal Range, Poonch, Pratap Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, Presidencies and provinces of British India, Princely state, Punial State, Punjab, Punjab Province (British India), Rajouri district, Rajput, Rakaposhi, Ram Chandra Kak, Ramnagar, Udhampur, Ranbir Singh, Ranjit Singh, Rawalpindi, Reasi, Shams Khan Sudhuzai, Sheikh Abdullah, Shia Islam, Sialkot District, Sikh Empire, Sikhism, Skardu, Srinagar, Standstill agreement (India), Sudhan, Sujanpur, Sukerchakia Misl, Sunni Islam, Sutlej, Suzerainty, Treaty of Amritsar (1846), Treaty of Lahore, Udhampur, Ulugh Muztagh, Wani (surname), Yasin Tehsil, Zorawar Singh Kahluria, 1947 Poonch rebellion. Expand index (105 more) »

Abbottabad

Abbottabad (Urdu, ایبٹ آباد) is the capital city of Abbottabad District in the Hazara region of eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Albion Rajkumar Banerjee

Sir Albion Rajkumar Banerjee CSI CIE (10 October 1871 – 25 February 1950) was an Indian civil servant and administrator who served as the Diwan of Cochin from 1907 to 1914, Diwan of Mysore kingdom from 1922 to 1926 and as Prime Minister of Kashmir from 1927 to 1929.

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Alexander Cunningham

Sir Alexander Cunningham (23 January 1814 – 28 November 1893) was a British army engineer with the Bengal Engineer Group who later took an interest in the history and archaeology of India.

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Anantnag

Anantnag (/ə'nʌntna:g/ or /-nɑːg/; anantnāg; "Countless springs"), also called Islamabad, is a city and a municipality, capital of the Anantnag district in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Arain

The Arain (آرائیں) are a Pakistani tribe who are found mainly in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh.

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Article 370 of the Constitution of India

Article 370 of the Indian constitution is an article that gives autonomous status to the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Astore

Astore, also spelt Astor, is a city and the capital of Astore District in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of northern Pakistan. It is located at 35°22'0N 74°51'0E with an altitude of 2546 metres (8353 feet). The Astore-Burzul Road, linking Gilgit to Srinagar was closed in 1978.

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Astore District

Astore (ضلع استور) is one of the ten districts of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.

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Astore Valley

Astore Valley (el.) is located in Astore District in the Pakistani region of Gilgit-Baltistan.

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Azad Kashmir

Azad Jammu and Kashmir (آزاد جموں و کشمیر Āzād Jammū̃ o Kaśmīr, translation: Free Jammu and Kashmir), abbreviated as AJK and commonly known as Azad Kashmir, is a nominally self-governing polity administered by Pakistan.

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B. N. Rau

Sir Benegal Narsing Rao, CIE, (26 February 1887 – 30 November 1953) was an Indian civil servant, jurist, diplomat and statesman known for his key role in drafting the Constitution of India.

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Baltis

Baltis was an ancient Arabian goddess.

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Baltistan

Baltistan (بلتستان, script also known as Baltiyul or Little Tibet (script), is a mountainous region on the border of Pakistan and India in the Karakoram mountains just south of K2 (the world's second-highest mountain). Baltistan borders Gilgit to the west, Xinjiang (China) in the north, Ladakh on the southeast and the Kashmir Valley on the southwest. Its average altitude is over. Prior to 1947, Baltistan was part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, having been conquered by Raja Gulab Singh's armies in 1840. Baltistan and Ladakh were administered jointly under one wazarat (district) of the state. Baltistan retained its identity in this set-up as the Skardu tehsil, with Kargil and Leh being the other two tehsils of the district. After the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir acceded to India, Gilgit Scouts overthrew the Maharaja's governor in Gilgit and (with Azad Kashmir's irregular forces) captured Baltistan. The Gilgit Agency and Baltistan have been governed by Pakistan ever since. The Kashmir Valley and the Kargil and Leh tehsils were retained by India. A small portion of Baltistan, including the village of Turtuk in the Nubra Valley, was incorporated into Ladakh after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. The region is inhabited primarily by Balti people of Tibetan descent. Millennia-old Tibetan culture, customs, norms, language and script still exist, although the vast majority of the population follows Islam. Baltistan is strategically significant to Pakistan and India; the Kargil and Siachen Wars were fought there. The region is the setting for Greg Mortenson's book, Three Cups of Tea.

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Baramulla

Baramulla (ˌbærəˈmʊlə) is a city and a municipality in the Baramulla district in the state of Jammu and Kashmir (India).

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Bashahr

Bashahr, also spelt as 'Bushahr' and 'Bussahir', was a princely state in India during the British Raj.

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Beas River

The Beas River also known as the Biás or Bias, (Sanskrit: विपाशा Vipāśā; Hyphasis), is a river in north India.

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Bhaderwah

Bhaderwah (or Bhadarwah) is a town and tehsil in the Doda district, in the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Bhangi Misl

The Bhangi Misl (ਭੰਗੀ ਮਿਸਲ (Gurmukhi), بھنگی مثل (Shahmukhi)) was a large Dhillion Jat Sikh Misl headquartered in a village near Amritsar.

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Bhat

Bhat (भट, بھٹ), also spelled as Butt (بٹ), both of which are a shortened rendition of Bhatta, also spelled Bhatt, (भट्ट, بھٹٹ), is a common surname in India and Pakistan.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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British Raj

The British Raj (from rāj, literally, "rule" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Chamba State

Chamba State was one of the oldest princely states in present-day Republic of India, having been founded during the late 6th century.

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Chenani

Chenani is a town and tehsil in the Udhampur district, in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chitral

Chitral (Pashto/چترال; چھترار, Khowar for "field") is the capital of the Chitral District, situated on the Chitral River in northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir

Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir was a body of representatives elected in 1951 to formulate the constitution of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Dardic people

The Dards are a group of Indo-Aryan peoples found predominantly in northern Pakistan, north-western India, and eastern Afghanistan.

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Dhar (surname)

Dhar also spelled Dar is a Kashmiri surname (kram), found among Muslims (from Pandit lineage) & Hindu Pandits native to the Kashmir Valley of India, as well as Kashmiri émigrés who have migrated to the Punjab, a region divided between India and neighbouring Pakistan.

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Diamer District

Diamer District (ضلع دیامر);also called Diamir district) is one of the districts of the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. It is the district through which the Karakoram Highway passes. Capital of the district is Chilas. Diamer District is bounded by Astore District in the east, by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the southwest (separated by the Babusar Pass or Babusar Top), Neelum District in the south, the Ghizer District in the north and northwest, and the Gilgit District in the north and northeast. Before the Karakoram Highway was opened in 1978, the only road reaching Gilgit town from the south was a rough track north from Balakot to Babusar Pass (via Kaghan, Naran, Besal, and Gittidas) and further north through Babusar Gah to Chilas. The road up to Besal is now in better condition, but from Besal to Babusar Pass, the road is good with new carpetted road.

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Dogra

The Dogras are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group in India and Pakistan that speaks the Dogri language.

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Dogra dynasty

The Dogra dynasty (or Jamwal dynasty) was a Hindu Dogra Rajput dynasty that formed the royal house of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Dominion of India

Between gaining independence from the United Kingdom on 15 August 1947 and the proclamation of a republic on 26 January 1950, India was an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations with king George VI as its head of state.

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Dominion of Pakistan

Pakistan (পাকিস্তান অধিরাজ্য; مملکتِ پاکستان), also called the Dominion of Pakistan, was an independent federal dominion in South Asia that was established in 1947 as a result of the Pakistan movement, followed by the simultaneous partition of British India to create a new country called Pakistan.

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East India Company

The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company, formed to trade with the East Indies (in present-day terms, Maritime Southeast Asia), but ended up trading mainly with Qing China and seizing control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent.

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Elliot James Dowell Colvin

Elliot James Dowell Colvin (27 July 1885 in London, England – 1950 in Delhi, India) was Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Federally Administered Tribal Areas

The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA; قبایلي سیمې، منځنۍ پښتونخوا; وفاقی منتظم شدہ قبائیلی علاقہ جات) was a semi-autonomous tribal region in northwestern Pakistan that existed from 1947 until being merged with neighboring province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, in 2018.

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First Anglo-Sikh War

The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the East India Company between 1845 and 1846.

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G. E. C. Wakefield

George Edward Campbell Wakefield C.I.E., O.B.E. (born before 1881, died after 1942) Includes facsimile pages including, on page 7, "As a small boy I went with my father in 1881..." was Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir between 1929 and 1931.

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Garhi Habibullah

Garhi Habibullah is a town and union council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Gasherbrum

Gasherbrum (گاشر برم) is a remote group of peaks located at the northeastern end of the Baltoro Glacier in the Karakoram range of the Himalaya on the border of the Chinese-administered Shaksgam Valley and the Gilgit-Baltistan territory of Pakistan.

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Ghizer Tehsil

Ghizer Tehsil is a Tehsil, an administrative division of Ghizer District, a extreme western part of the Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan.

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Gilgit

Gilgit (Shina:, Urdu), known locally as Gileet, is the capital city of the Gilgit-Baltistan region, an administrative territory of Pakistan.

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Gilgit Agency

The Gilgit Agency (ur), created in 1877 and overseen by a political agent of the Governor-General of British India, was a political unit of India, which managed the relations of the British with the princely states of Hunza and Nagar.

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Gilgit District

Gilgit District (ضلع گلگت) is one of the districts of the Gilgit–Baltistan territory in northern Pakistan.

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Gilgit-Baltistan

Gilgit-Baltistan, formerly known as the Northern Areas, is the northernmost administrative territory in Pakistan.

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Godwin-Austen Glacier

The Godwin-Austen Glacier is a glacier in the Karakoram, close to K2 in the Gilgit–Baltistan Ghulam Kashmir.

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Gujrat District

Gujrat (Punjabi and ضِلع گُجرات), is a district of Punjab Province in Pakistan.

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Gulab Singh

Gulab Singh (1792–1857) was the founder of royal Dogra dynasty and first Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, the second largest princely state in British India, which was created after the defeat of the Sikh Empire in the First Anglo-Sikh War.

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Gurdaspur district

Gurdaspur district is a district in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of the Republic of India.

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Gurjar

Gurjar or Gujjar are a pastoral agricultural ethnic group with populations in India, Nepal, Pakistan, and a small number in northeastern Afghanistan.

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Hari Kishan Kaul

Raja Hari Kishan Kaul (1869–25 January 1942)The Indian Review, 1942, vol.

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Hari Singh

Hari Singh (September 1895 – 26 April 1961) was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in India.

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Hazara, Pakistan

Hazara (Hindko/ہزارہ, هزاره) is a region in the North-Eastern part of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Hindu Kush

The Hindu Kush, also known in Ancient Greek as the Caucasus Indicus (Καύκασος Ινδικός) or Paropamisadae (Παροπαμισάδαι), in Pashto and Persian as, Hindu Kush is an mountain range that stretches near the Afghan-Pakistan border,, Quote: "The Hindu Kush mountains run along the Afghan border with the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan".

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.

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History of Poonch District

Poonch District was a district of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, currently divided between India and Pakistan.

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Hunza (princely state)

Hunza (ہنزہ), also known as Kanjut, was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India from 1892 to August 1947, for three months was unaligned, and then from November 1947 until 1974 was a princely state of Pakistan.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Independence Act 1947

The Indian Independence Act 1947 (1947 c. 30 (10 & 11. Geo. 6.)) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan.

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Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India between 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.

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Indo-Pakistani War of 1947

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was fought between India and Pakistan over the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu from 1947 to 1948.

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Indus River

The Indus River (also called the Sindhū) is one of the longest rivers in Asia.

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Instrument of Accession

The Instrument of Accession was a legal document first introduced by the Government of India Act 1935 and used in 1947 to enable each of the rulers of the princely states under British paramountcy to join one of the new dominions of India or Pakistan created by the Partition of British India.

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Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir)

The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947.

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Ishkoman Valley

The Ishkoman (اشکومن) valley lies in the north of Pakistan in Gilgit-Baltistan, bordering Afghanistan and the Pamir Wakhan Corridor.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Jammu

Jammu is the largest city in the Jammu Division and the winter capital of state of Jammu and Kashmir in India.

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Jammu & Kashmir National Conference

The Jammu & Kashmir National Conference (JKNC) is a state political party in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir (ænd) is a state in northern India, often denoted by its acronym, J&K.

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Jammu Division

Jammu is one of the three administrative divisions within Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state in India.

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Jamwal

Jamwal is a Suryavanshi Rajput clan of Jammu and Kashmir that claims solar origin by direct descent from Sri Rama Chandra of Raghav (Raghuvanshi) Rajput clan.

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Janak Singh

Major General Janak Singh (surname Katoch) CIE, OBI, (7 August 1872 – 15 March 1972) was a prime minister of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Jasrota

Jasrota, in the Sivalik Hills of the Western Himalayas, was the capital of the Jasrotia Rajputs.

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Jat people

The Jat people (also spelled Jatt and Jaat) are a traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan.

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Jhelum District

Jhelum District (ضِلع جِہلم), is in Pothohar Plateau of the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Jhelum River

The Jhelum River, Vitasta (Sanskrit: वितस्ता, fem., also, Vetastā, Kashmiri: Vyeth(ویتھ/व्यथा)), is a river of northwestern India and eastern Pakistan. It is the westernmost of the five rivers of Punjab, and passes through Srinager District. It is a tributary of the Indus River and has a total length of about.

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K. M. Panikkar

Sardar Kavalam Madhava Panikkar (3 June 1895 – 10 December 1963) was an Indian statesman and diplomat also famed as a Professor, newspaper editor, historian and novelist.

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K2

K2 (کے ٹو), also known as Mount Godwin-Austen or Chhogori (Balti and چھوغوری),, at above sea level, is the second highest mountain in the world, after Mount Everest, at.

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Kailash Narain Haksar

Colonel Sir Kailash Narain Haksar CIE (20 February 1878 – 1953, Calcutta), also spelled Kailas Narayan Haksar, was Prime Minister of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1942 to 1944, and a former minister in Gwalior State.

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Kanhaiya Misl

The Kanhaiya Misl was founded by the Sandhu Jats, it was first led by Sardar Jai Singh Kanhaiya.

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Karan Singh

Karan Singh (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician, philanthropist and poet.

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Kargil district

Kargil is a district of Ladakh division in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Kashmir

Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.

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Kashmir conflict

The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947.

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Kashmir Valley

The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is a valley in the portion of the Kashmir region administered by India.

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Kashmiri Muslims

Kashmiri Muslims are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Islam and are native to the Kashmir Valley.

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Kashmiri Pandit

The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a Saraswat Brahmin community from the Kashmir Valley, a mountainous region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Kathua

Kathua (kəˈθʊə), is a city and a Municipal Council in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, near its southern border with Punjab and Himachal Pradesh.Kathua is also called 'the city of Sufis' or ' Dawlat Auliya' owing to the presence of large number of Sufi Shrines of Pirs.

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Kathua district

Kathua district is one of 22 administrative districts that comprise the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (abbreviated as KP; خیبر پختونخوا; خیبر پښتونخوا) is one of the four administrative provinces of Pakistan, located in the northwestern region of the country along the international border with Afghanistan.

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Kishtwar

Kishtwar is a municipality in the Kishtwar District of the Jammu region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Kohala Bridge

The Kohala Bridge across the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus River, forms part of one of the land routes from the Azad Kashmir to Pakistan.

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Kohala, Pakistan

Kohala (کوہالا) is a town in Pakistan on the River Jhelum, north of Murree, south of Muzaffarabad, and east of Bagh.

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Kunlun Mountains

The Kunlun Mountains (Хөндлөн Уулс, Khöndlön Uuls) are one of the longest mountain chains in Asia, extending more than.

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Ladakh

Ladakh ("land of high passes") is a region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir that currently extends from the Kunlun mountain range to the main Great Himalayas to the south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent.

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Leh

Leh is a town in the Leh district of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Leh district

Leh is one of the two districts located in Ladakh, the other being the Kargil District to the west, in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

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List of political parties in Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)

No description.

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Masherbrum

Masherbrum (ما شربرم; formerly known as K1) is located in the Ghanche District, Gilgit Baltistan of Pakistan.

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Mehr Chand Mahajan

Mehr Chand Mahajan (23 December 1889 in Nagrota, Kangra district – 1967) was the third Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India.

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Minawar

Minawar is a village located from the city of Gilgit in the northern area of Pakistan, in the Kashmir region.

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Mirpur, Pakistan

Mirpur (Urdu, Punjabi: مِيرپُور), more commonly known as New Mirpur City, is the capital of Mirpur district and is the second largest city of Azad Kashmir after Muzaffarabad.

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Misl

Misl generally refers to the sovereign states of the Sikh Confederacy, that rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent after the collapse of the Mughal Empire.

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Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.

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Muzaffarabad

Muzaffarabad (مُظفَّرآباد) is the capital of the Pakistani territory of Azad Kashmir.

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Mysore State

Mysore State was a separate state within the Union of India from 1948 until 1956 with Mysore as its capital.

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N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar

Diwan Bahadur Sir Narasimha Ayyangar Gopalaswami Ayyangar, CSI, CIE (31 March 1882 – 10 February 1953), Member of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, was a leader of the Rajya Sabha and a cabinet minister (railway minister) in the Government of India.

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Nagar (princely state)

Nagar (ریاست نگر, Riyasat Nagar) was a princely salute state in the northern part of Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan.

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Neelum River

The Neelum River (नीलम नदी, دریائے نیلم), or Kishanganga (कृष्णगंगा नदी, کرشن گنگا ندی), is a river in the Kashmir region of India and Pakistan; it starts in the Indian city of Gurais and then merges with the Jhelum River near the Pakistani city of Muzaffarabad.

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North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)

The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) was a province of British India and subsequently of Pakistan.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Pamir Mountains

The Pamir Mountains, or the Pamirs, are a mountain range in Central Asia at the junction of the Himalayas with the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, Hindu Kush, Suleman and Hindu Raj ranges.

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Partition of India

The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.

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Pathankot district

Pathankot district, is a district of Indian Punjab, located in the north zone of the state.

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Pir Panjal Range

The Pir Panjal Range is a group of mountains in the Inner Himalayan region, running from east-southeast (ESE) to west-northwest (WNW) across the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir where the average elevation varies from to.

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Poonch

Poonch (also referred to as Punch) is a town and a municipal council in Poonch District in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Pratap Singh of Jammu and Kashmir

Maharaja Sir Pratap Singh (18 July 1848 – 23 September 1925) was the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, and head of the Jamwal Rajput clan.

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Presidencies and provinces of British India

The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the subcontinent.

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Princely state

A princely state, also called native state (legally, under the British) or Indian state (for those states on the subcontinent), was a vassal state under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj.

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Punial State

Punial State was formerly a princely state (under the British it was a "Special Political District" of the Gilgit Agency and not a Princely State) in the northwest part of the Northern Areas which existed until 1974.

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Punjab

The Punjab, also spelled Panjab (land of "five rivers"; Punjabi: پنجاب (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬ (Gurumukhi); Πενταποταμία, Pentapotamia) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India.

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Punjab Province (British India)

Punjab, also spelled Panjab, was a province of British India.

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Rajouri district

Rajouri (or Rajauri) is a district of Jammu region in Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Rajput

Rajput (from Sanskrit raja-putra, "son of a king") is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent.

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Rakaposhi

Rakaposhi (راکاپوشی), is a mountain in the Karakoram mountain range in Northern Pakistan.

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Ram Chandra Kak

Ram Chandra Kak (5 June 1893 – 10 February 1983) was Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir during 1945–47.

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Ramnagar, Udhampur

Ramnagar is both a town and a notified area committee in Udhampur District in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Ranbir Singh

Ranbir Singh, CIE (August 1830 – 12 September 1885) was the son of Maharaja Gulab Singh, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and head of the Jamwal Rajput clan.

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Ranjit Singh

Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 –1839) was the leader of the Sikh Empire, which ruled the northwest Indian subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century.

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Rawalpindi

Rawalpindi (Punjabi, راولپِنڈى), commonly known as Pindi (پِنڈی), is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Reasi

Reasi is a town and a notified area committee and tehsil in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Shams Khan Sudhuzai

Shams Khan was leader of Poonch and chief of Sudhan (or Sudhuzai) clan, at the time Jammu and Kashmir was ruled by Gulab Singh. Shams Khan the head-men of the Sudhan tribe.

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Sheikh Abdullah

Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah (5 December 1905 – 8 September 1982) was a Kashmiri politician who played a central role in the politics of Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost Indian state.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Sialkot District

Sialkot District (Punjabi and ضِلع سيالكوٹ), is one of the districts of the Punjab provinces of Pakistan.

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Sikh Empire

The Sikh Empire (also Sikh Khalsa Raj, Sarkar-i-Khalsa or Pañjab (Punjab) Empire) was a major power in the Indian subcontinent, formed under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who established a secular empire based in the Punjab.

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Sikhism

Sikhism (ਸਿੱਖੀ), or Sikhi,, from Sikh, meaning a "disciple", or a "learner"), is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent about the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major world religions, and the fifth-largest. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator, divine unity and equality of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all, and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. In the early 21st century there were nearly 25 million Sikhs worldwide, the great majority of them (20 million) living in Punjab, the Sikh homeland in northwest India, and about 2 million living in neighboring Indian states, formerly part of the Punjab. Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak, the first Guru (1469–1539), and the nine Sikh gurus that succeeded him. The Tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, named the Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib as his successor, terminating the line of human Gurus and making the scripture the eternal, religious spiritual guide for Sikhs.Louis Fenech and WH McLeod (2014),, 3rd Edition, Rowman & Littlefield,, pages 17, 84-85William James (2011), God's Plenty: Religious Diversity in Kingston, McGill Queens University Press,, pages 241–242 Sikhism rejects claims that any particular religious tradition has a monopoly on Absolute Truth. The Sikh scripture opens with Ik Onkar (ੴ), its Mul Mantar and fundamental prayer about One Supreme Being (God). Sikhism emphasizes simran (meditation on the words of the Guru Granth Sahib), that can be expressed musically through kirtan or internally through Nam Japo (repeat God's name) as a means to feel God's presence. It teaches followers to transform the "Five Thieves" (lust, rage, greed, attachment, and ego). Hand in hand, secular life is considered to be intertwined with the spiritual life., page.

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Skardu

Skardu (سکردو, script) is a city in Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan, and serves as the capital of Skardu District.

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Srinagar

Srinagar is the largest city and the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Standstill agreement (India)

A standstill agreement was an agreement signed between the newly independent dominions of India and Pakistan and the princely states of the British Indian Empire prior to their integration in the new dominions.

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Sudhan

Sudhans (also known as Sudhuzai) is one of the major tribes from the districts of Poonch, Sudhanoti, Bagh and Kotli in Azad Kashmir.

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Sujanpur

Sujanpur is a City (शहर) and a municipal council in the Indian State of Punjab.

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Sukerchakia Misl

The Sukerchakia Misl was one of 12 Sikh Misls in Punjab during the 18th century concentrated in Gujranwala and Hafizabad district in Western Punjab (in modern-Pakistan) and ruled from (1752-1801).It was a Sandhawalia Jat sikh Misl.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Sutlej

The Sutlej River (alternatively spelled as Satluj River) (सतलुज, ਸਤਲੁਜ, शतद्रुम (shatadrum), is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. The Sutlej River is also known as Satadree. It is the easternmost tributary of the Indus River. The waters of the Sutlej are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan, and are mostly diverted to irrigation canals in India. There are several major hydroelectric projects on the Sutlej, including the 1,000 MW Bhakra Dam, the 1,000 MW Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant, and the 1,530 MW Nathpa Jhakri Dam. The river basin area in India is located in Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan and Haryana states.

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Suzerainty

Suzerainty (and) is a back-formation from the late 18th-century word suzerain, meaning upper-sovereign, derived from the French sus (meaning above) + -erain (from souverain, meaning sovereign).

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Treaty of Amritsar (1846)

The Treaty of Amritsar, signed on 16 March 1846, formalised the arrangements in the Treaty of Lahore between the British East India Company and Gulab Singh Dogra after the First Anglo-Sikh War.

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Treaty of Lahore

The Treaty of Lahore of 9 March 1846, was a peace treaty marking the end of the First Anglo-Sikh War.

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Udhampur

Udhampur (ˌʊd̪ʱəmpur) is a city and a municipal council in Udhampur District in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Ulugh Muztagh

Ulugh Muztagh or Ulugh Muztag (Uighur: Ulug muz tag) and Muztag Feng, is an extremely remote mountain group on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

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Wani (surname)

Wani or Wain is a Kashmiri caste.

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Yasin Tehsil

Yasin, also known as Babayei-Yasin, is a tehsil of Ghizer District in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.

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Zorawar Singh Kahluria

Zorawar Singh Kahluria (1786-1841) was a general of the Sikh Empire in South Asia.

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1947 Poonch rebellion

In Spring 1947, an uprising against the Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir broke out in the Poonch jagir, an area bordering the Rawalpindi district of West Punjab and the Hazara district of the North-West Frontier Province in the future Pakistan.

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Redirects here:

1941 Census of Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir & Jammu, Kashmir (princely state), Kashmir and Jammu, Kashmir and Jammu (princely state), Maharajah of Kashmir, Maharajah of Kashmir and Jammu, Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir, Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu, Princely state of Kashmir and Jammu.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(princely_state)

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